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Building Information Modelling Execution Plan (BEP): A Comparison of Global

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Article in International Journal of Engineering Technology and Sciences · September 2021

DOI: 10.15282/ijets.7.2.2020.1005

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 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES (IJETS)
ISSN: 2289-697X (Print); ISSN: 2462-1269 (Online) Vol.7 (2) December 2020
© Universiti Malaysia Pahang
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijets.7.2.2020.1005

Building Information Modelling Execution Plan (BEP):

A Comparison of Global Practice

Ahmad Ridzuan Abu Bakar1,2, Ahmad Tarmizi Haron1 and Rahimi A. Rahman1*
1
Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
2
Malaysian Public Works Department, Jalan Sultan Salahuddin, 50582 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
*Email: arahimirahman@ump.edu.my

Abstract- Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a process supported by technologies involving the
development and management of 3D digital information model representations of functional and
physical of the design. To implement BIM in a project, BIM Implementation Plan or BIM Execution
Plan (BEP) must be developed as a planning and monitoring strategy document. Several BEPs have
been developed around the world since 2010. However, a BEP should be tailored to the type of project,
stakeholder requirement, and project objectives because a comprehensive BEP is a key factor for BIM
implementation success. Also, a proper BEP helps stakeholders understand and achieve the underlying
objectives in using BIM. In other words, understanding the strategic framework of BEPs is important.
Hence, this study identifies and compares the key elements in existing BEPs. To accomplish that aim,
twenty BEPs were identified and analysed through the directed content analysis technique. This study
provides a benchmarked reference for industry players on existing BEPs. Through a clear description,
all parties can understand the requirements in a BEP. Based on the findings and discussions on the
twenty (20) samples, BEP is a strategic planning and monitoring document used to ensure that all project
deliverables are completed according to the project goals. The document framework shall include the
work process, type of information, standard requirements, data exchange process, and roles and
responsibilities to develop the project team members' understanding. The framework can guide the
project team or stakeholders to identify the key elements and outline contents included in BEP
documents. Also, researchers can use the findings for further development and improvement of existing
BEPs. Understanding BEPs will ensure better BIM implementation in practice.
Indexed Terms- Building information modelling, BIM Execution Plan, BIM Execution Plan
Framework.

I. INTRODUCTION

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is modelling technology and associated set of processes to
produce, communicate and analyse digital information models for the construction life cycle. According
to United States National Building Information Model Standard Project Committee [1], BIM is a digital
representation of a facility's physical and functional characteristics. Also, BIM is a shared knowledge
resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during the facility’s
earliest conception to demolition (i.e., lifecycle). Currently, the adoption of BIM is increasing
worldwide. Governments, authorities, and private sectors are mostly aware of BIM benefits. Therefore,
BIM strategic frameworks, policies, and road maps have been developed and regulated by several
governments to ensure the success of BIM implementation.

To ensure BIM implementation runs effectively, several reference documents have been developed,
such as guidelines, standards, modelling techniques, and work process manuals, including BIM
Execution Plans (BEPs). The examples of the documents are:

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• Singapore BIM Guide, 2013 (Singapore)

• NATSPEC National BIM Guide, 2016 (Australia)
• The Guide to Building Information Modelling, 2015 (Belgium)
• AEC (CAN) BIM Protocol, 2014 (Canada)
• BIM Manual Civil Works and Infrastructure Mthojgaard, 2016 (Denmark)
• COBIM Common BIM Requirements, 2012 (Finland)
• National BIM Model Protocol, 2017 (Netherlands)
• CIC Building Information Modelling Standards, 2019 (Hong Kong)
• Design Guidelines BIM Manual Rail Baltica, 2019 (European Union)
• Application Guide BIM Luxembourg CRTI.B, 2018 (Luxembourg)
• The New Zealand BIM Handbook, 2016 (New Zealand)
• Statsbygg BIM Manual 1.2.1, 2013 (Norway)
• AEC (UK) BIM Protocol, 2012 (United Kingdom)
• National BIM Guide for Owners, 2017 (United States)
• Garis Panduan dan Piawaian BIM JKR, 2014 (Malaysia)

BEP is an initial plan document that needs to be developed in the early project stage to ensure better
project success [2]. The BEP intends to provide an outline that ensures all parties know the opportunities
and responsibilities in implementing BIM for the project [3]. The BEP is a tool to provide a standardised
workflow and general guidance for strategic BIM implementation in a holistic approach for a particular
project or a group of projects [4]. An organisation or company must choose which BEP standard suits
their specific requirement [5]. Also, BEP standards might differ in certain level implementations, such
as at organisation, project or team level. Therefore, the main reason for creating a new BEP framework
is to ensure the effective integration of BIM in a new type of project [6].

A BEP shall be developed in a holistic approach according to project requirements, including

standardised workflow and general guidance for strategic BIM implementation. In other words,
construction players must know the best practice on how to develop the BEP according to their
organisation and project requirements. According to BIM Project Execution Planning Guide
Pennsylvania State University [7], there are four structured steps in developing a BEP:

• Identify high-value BIM goals and uses during project planning, design, construction, and
operational phases.
• Design the BIM execution process by creating process maps.
• Define the BIM deliverables in the form of information exchanges.
• Develop the infrastructure in the form of contracts, communication procedures, technology,
and quality control to support the implementation.

These steps can guide project teams in developing the project’s strategic plan and communication
direction. This execution will help the project team understand the project goals, project characteristics,
capabilities of project stakeholders, and infrastructure required. For example, Hrdina and Matejka [6]
used these steps to develop a BEP for Public-Private Partnership (P3) projects. The newly developed
framework can be used by any organisation or company as a reference to develop or modify a BEP for
P3 projects. This shows that developing a BEP requires some guides or references. On the other hand,
this process also shows that BEP needs to be developed and modified according to the project
implementation method. In other words, understanding the strategic framework of BEPs is important.

This study identifies and compares the key elements in existing BEPs. A framework for BEP
development will be presented at the end of the study. For this purpose, twenty (20) BEPs have been
identified, compared, and analysed. The findings highlight the elements in BEPs that are necessary for
BEP development. Through a clear description, all parties can understand the project objectives, work

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process, roles and responsibilities, information needs, and deliverable requirements. Hence, this BEP
framework can be used as a reference for the development and improvement of BEP. It will increase
the knowledge of BIM implementation in new projects. The findings of this study also offer a
comprehensive list of parameters for researchers and practitioners to develop tools that promote BIM
project implementation success. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by identifying a
framework and improvement requirements that shall increase the effectiveness of BIM. Hence, this
lesson will assist the industry player in improving the success rate of BIM execution.

II. BIM EXECUTION PLANS

Organisations have described the definition and purpose of BEP production. The subsequent content
illustrates those definitions and purposes from several BEPs.

NATSPEC National BIM Guide [8]. The BIM Management Plan (BMP) is a formal document that
defines how the project will be executed, monitored, and controlled concerning BIM. It is required that
BMP be developed to provide a master information/data management plan and assignment of roles and
responsibilities for model creation and data integration at project initiation.

Garis Panduan BIM JKR, Public Works Department Malaysia [9]. The BEP shall be developed as
a planning and monitoring strategy document for BIM implementation. The BEP intends to provide an
outline that will ensure all parties know the opportunities and responsibilities of projects that implement
BIM.

GSA Building Information Modelling Guide, US General Services Administration (GSA) [10].
The BEP is developed to provide a master information/data management plan and assign roles and
responsibilities for model creation and data integration at project initiation. The BEP aligns the project
acquisition strategy needs and requirements with GSA technical standards, team member skills,
construction industry capability, and technology maturity.

The New Zealand BIM Handbook, MBIE [3]. The BEP intends to provide an outline that will ensure
all parties know the opportunities and responsibilities of projects that implement BIM. The plan defines
the objectives of using BIM on the project. It sets goals, objectives, and people’s responsibilities and
outlines how the process will be executed in the project’s life cycle.

Based on existing BEPs, it was found that all the documents consist of the common BEP chapters.
However, some of the BEP’s structure outlines were different depending on its priority. Meanwhile,
some of the BEP’s comprise additional chapters for better understanding. Hence, further analyses and
comparisons of the guidelines will illustrate available patterns that exist in BEP frameworks.

III. METHODOLOGY

3.1 Qualitative Research Technique and Comparative Analysis

This study embarks on a qualitative approach that is content analysis, sample comparison, and
interviews. In this study, the study produces a BEP framework that applies to the construction industry.
The approach was qualitative as the inductive approach. Other studies are also using this technique to
compare available content in the existing state of the art and practice, including assessment techniques
for BIM skills [11], enforcement procedures for environmental laws [12], and optimization techniques
for rehabilitating water distribution networks [13]. Twenty (20) BEPs were selected and gathered for
analysis to develop the BEP framework. The detailed steps involve:

• Exploration of the elements in each BEP’s.

• Execute the comparison analysis and develop it in table form.

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• Summarise the conclusion of all consistent key elements contained in all BEPs.
• Develop the BEP theoretical framework based on the key elements.
• Preparing and validating the report of findings.

3.2 Source of Material

Many countries implement BIM in their projects. However, in this study, only twenty (20) BEPs were
selected and gathered for analysis. The BEPs are:

• BIM Project Execution Planning Guide, Pennsylvania State University, USA [7]
• NATSPEC National BIM Guide, Australia [8]
• CPIx BIM Execution Plan, UK [14]
• BIM Essential Guide for BIM Execution Plan, Building and Construction Authority, Singapore
[15]
• Garis Panduan BIM JKR, Public Works Department, Malaysia [9]
• The Guide to Building Information Modelling Association of Major Belgian Contractors (ADEB-
VBA), Belgium [16]
• BIM Execution Plan Template, Metrolinx Toronto, Canada [17]
• National BIM Guide, The BIM Academy, South Africa [18]
• MIT Design Standard BIM Execution Plan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA [19]
• The New Zealand BIM Handbook, MBIE, New Zealand [3]
• GSA Building Information Modelling Guide, US General Services Administration, USA [10]
• National Model BIM Implementation Plan, BIR WG BIM Protocol, Netherlands [20]
• Resource Centre for Building Technologies and Innovation (CRTI-B) Luxembourg [21]
• Smithsonian Institution (SI) Facilities BIM Guidelines, USA [22]
• BIM Execution Plan, MARU 360 Group, Ananda Development, Thailand [23]
• BIM Guidelines and Standards, The University of South Florida, USA [24]
• E/A Design Division BIM Standard, The Port Authority of NY & NJ, USA [25]
• BIM Manual Design Guideline Rail Baltica, RB Rail, European Union [26]
• Queensland Health BIM Execution Plan, State of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia [27]
• BIM Execution Plan, Catenda AS, Norway [28]

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Based on the analysis among twenty (20) BEPs, it was found that almost all BEPs have a similar
theoretical framework. Most of the BEPs were prepared based on Pennsylvania State University BEP
(2010) framework because it is one of the world's earliest BEPs. Although the framework was similar,
some of the content presentation and chapter titles were different. The BEP outlines including project
information, project goals/BIM objectives/BIM uses roles and responsibilities, BIM process design,
BIM information exchange, collaboration procedures, model structure, quality control, technology
infrastructure needs, and project deliverables. The comparison results of the BEP key elements in each
BEP as shown in Table 1.

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Table 1: The key elements in each BEP

The Smithsonian Institution, US (2017)

Rail Baltica, European Union (2019)

References

ADEB-VBA, Belgium (2015)

NATSPEC, Australia (2010)

Queensland Brisbane (2019)

MBIE, New Zealand (2016)
CRTIB Luxembourg (2016)
BIMI South Africa (2016)

Port Authority, US (2019)

Metrolinx Canada (2012)

MARU Thailand (2017)

Catenda Norway (2020)

BIR Netherlands (2016)
BCA Singapore (2013)

PWD Malaysia (2014)

Elements

CPIx UK (2013)
PSU, US (2010)

GSA US (2016)
MIT US (2016)

SFU US (2017)
a) Project Information / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Project Name / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Project Scope Brief / / / / / / x / / / / / / / / / / / / x
Type of Contract / / / / / / x x / / / / / / / / / x x x
Project Schedule / / / / / / x / / / x / / / / / / / / x
Project Contacts / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
b) Project Goals/BIM Objectives / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Goal Description / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
BIM Uses / / / / x / x x / / / / / / / / / / x /
c) Roles and Responsibilities / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
BIM / Model / Process Manager / / / / x / / / / / / x / / / / / / / /
BIM Lead Coordinator x / x x x / x x x / / x x x / x / x x /
BIM Coordinator / / / / x / / x / / / x x x x / / / x /
BIM Modeller / Author / Tech. x x / / / / / x / x x x x x x / / / / /
BIM CAD / Support Group x / x x x / / x / x x x x x x / / x x /
Project / Construction Manager / / / / / / / / x / / / / / / / / / / /
Designers / / x / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Draught person / / x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Quantity Surveyor / Cost Planner x / x / x / / x x / / x x x x / x x / x
Surveyor x x x / x x x x x x / x x x x x x x x x
Building Users / Owners / Client / / x / x x / / / / / x / x / / / x x /

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Contractor / / / / / / x x / / / / / / / / / / / /
Subcontractor x / x / x x x x x x / x x x x / x x / x
Fabricator / Trade Contractor / / x x x x x x x x / x x x x x x x / x
Facility Manager / x x / x x / x x x x / / / x x x x x x
d) BIM Process Design / / / / / / / / / x / / / x / / x x x /
Diagram / Process Map / x / x x / / x / x / / / x x / x x x /
Table x x x / / x x x x x x x x x x / x x x /
Paragraph x / x x x x x / x x x x x x / x x x x x
e) BIM Information Exchange / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / x /
Components to be modelled / / / / x / / / x / x / / / / / / / / x
Level of Detail / / / / / / / / x / / / / / / / / / / /
Level of Information / / / / / / / / x / x / / / / / / / / x
COBie / / x / / x x / x x x / / x / x x x x /
LOD Specification BIM Forum x x x x x x / x x / x x x / x x / x x x
Local/Own x x / x x / x x / x / x x x x / x / / x
f) Collaboration Procedures / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Collaboration Strategy / Plan / / / / / / / / x / / / / / / / / / / /
Model Coordination / Sharing / x / x / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Meeting / Communication / / / x x / x x x / / / / / / / / x / /
Electronic Data Management / x / x / / / / x / / / / / / / / / / /
g) Model Structure / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
File Naming Convention / x / / / / / / / / / / / / x / / / / /
Coordinate System / / / x / / / x / / / / / / x / / x / /
Model Structure Description / x / / / / x x x / x / / x x / x x / /
h) Model Quality Control / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / x /
Visual Check / x / / x / / x x / / / / / / / / x / /
Quality / Standard / x / / / / / x / / / / / / / / / / / /
Model / Data Integrity / x / x / / / x x / / / / / / / / x / /
Clash Detection / Interference / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
i) Technology Infrastructure Needs / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / x /
Software / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Hardware / / x / x / x x x x x / / x / x / x x x
j) Project Deliverables / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Deliverables List / / / / / / x x / / / / / / / / / / / /
Milestone / / / x / / x / / / / / / / / / / / x /

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4.1 Project Goals/BIM Objectives

This section explains the target and objective of using BIM in the projects. It describes how BIM is
used to achieve specific project goals at different project stages [15]. This section should document the
strategic value and specific uses for BIM on the project as defined by the project team in the initial
planning procedures. The objectives and uses for BIM shall be defined at the start of the project. It will
be difficult to implement additional functionality in the BIM models later at the post-contract stage [29].
The selection of BIM uses shall be based on the objectives and goal descriptions. However, the
determination of BIM uses depends on human resource capabilities and technology infrastructures, such
as hardware and software. Most countries or organisations designated BIM use as a requirement to be
specified in the BEP template. Normally, the potential BIM uses a table showing the relation between
goal description, BIM objectives, project stages, and responsible parties. Although specified in their
BIM Guidelines or BIM Standards, four (4) countries or organisations did not specify BIM uses in the
BEP template, including the BEP Template of CPIx UK, ADEB-VBA Belgium, BIMI South Africa,
and Queensland Brisbane.

4.2 Roles and Responsibilities

The effective BEP includes a schedule and contact information for all parties. This provides
accountability and direction for contributors, encouraging everyone to continue to be responsible for
their tasks [30]. One of the primary tasks is to define the project team members for the execution process
throughout the various stages of the project. The BIM Team should define the working relationships
between roles so that lines of authority are clear and facilitate efficient resolution of issues as they arise
[8]. Although many people were involved in the project, not all team members have been listed in the
contact list or roles and responsibilities tables. Some organisations have mentioned the BIM CAD /
Support Group or BIM Modelling Expert as a team member. This group is responsible for guiding the
team members on software tool applications or BIM work processes, especially for beginners.
Meanwhile, the Facility Manager is only involved if the organisation plan to roll out the BIM
implementation in the facility management stage. The involvement shall be started in the early stage to
define the information need for facility management.

4.3 BIM Process Design

This section should illustrate the detail of the execution process. Process maps diagram will help the
team members understand a detailed plan for implementing each BIM uses, including specific
information exchanges for each activity for the entire execution plan. The plan should include the
overview map of the BIM Uses, a detailed map of each BIM Use, and a description of elements on each
map [7]. The effective presentation of BIM processes will explain the whole BIM process in the project
implementation. The type of presentation, including a diagram, map, workflow, table, or text, depends
on organisation arrangement. For example, Pennsylvania State University US BEP Template has
provided the BIM overview map and detailed process maps for BIM that showed the relation between
processes, BIM uses information exchange, and responsible parties. Building and Construction
Authority Singapore has provided the BIM Use Case Template in table form, which showed the
connection between BIM use cases, authors, and users. The essential task, quality task, and deliverables
expected also have been described in BIM use cases. Meanwhile, South Florida University, US has
provided a detailed description in Section 7: Model Objectives and Application, including explaining
the objectives, model roles, and responsibilities. Based on the finding, only five (5) organisations or
countries did not describe the BIM detail process explanation, including the BEP Template of MBIE
New Zealand, The Smithsonian Institution US, Port Authority US, Queensland Brisbane, and Rail
Baltica European Union.

The BIM work process showed the workflow diagram or table of model development through BIM
Process Mapping from the beginning until the end of deliverables production, including:

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• The parties who involved in supplying and receiving the information.

• The input needed by the model’s author.
• The parties whose involvement in modelling, collaboration, and coordination process.
• The modelling, collaboration, and coordination processes.
• The workflow of information exchange and the type of file format.
• The output that the model’s author shall deliver.

According to the BIM Forum [31], the Level of Development (LOD) is the degree to which the
element’s geometry and attached data have been thought through the degree to which project team
members may rely on the information when using the model. LOD consists of two categories, which
are Level of Detail and Level of Information. Most of the BEP Template has provided the list of building
components that shall be modelled. The details of the geometry and shape of the component, which
need to be created, become more detailed according to the LOD of the project. Several BEP Template
refers to the Level of Development Specification Guide (LOD Forum) to explain LOD requirements
for each building component in every stage. The detail of information needed depended on the client’s
project brief, which shall be defined in the initial stage of the project. Based on findings, most of the
Levels of Information have been detailed in BEP Template or other supportive reference documents.
For example, Pennsylvania State University, US BEP Template only mentioned construction,
engineering, and record information as a general required information in Attachment 4 – Information
Exchange Worksheet. For further description, Pennsylvania State Computer Integrated Construction
has produced a Planning Guide for Facility Owners to explain the details of the Level of Information
[32].

Meanwhile, NATSPEC Australia has provided BIM Object Element Matrix, which shown the
requirement of detailed information in all components through multiple software formats, including
Revit and ArchiCAD. The information required is referred to as Construction Operation Building
Information Exchange (COBie). According to National Building Specification UK, COBie is a non-
proprietary data format for the publication of a subset of BIM focused on delivering asset data distinct
from geometric information. To standardise the type of information and arrangement, nine (9)
organisations or countries were referred to COBie, and four (4) organisations or countries were referred
to Uniformat OmniClass in Level of Development Specification [31].

4.4 Collaboration Procedures

The model elements and detail required to implement each BIM use should be clearly defined in the
information exchange requirements because some of the team members need different information in
certain project stages. This section will describe how the project team will collaborate, including Items
such as the Common Data Environment (CDE) for managing project information, communication
methods, transfer, record storage, and others (New Zealand BIM Handbook, November 2016). This
procedure is key to project information management, consisting of data sharing, gathering, transfer,
conversion, and storage. This collaboration also depends on the technical capabilities and cost provided.

4.5 Model Structure

According to Charles Pankow Foundation and BIM Forum [30], the BEP should document the
relationship between object, building, campus, and state plane coordinate systems. This section will
describe and produce a simple diagram to show how the model is developed and separated either by
zone, floor, building element, system, or discipline. A properly structured model is important because
space and building area calculations are derived from the model [3]. The BIM Manager shall also define
the standard naming conventions for models following the approved format or standard by the client.
Files must be named in this exact format to avoid system conflicts when drawings are transferred to the
Smithsonian Institution’s archival system [22].

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4.6 Model Quality Control

This section will explain the procedure for ensuring that the project participants meet the defined
requirements that should be developed and monitored throughout the project. The effectiveness of BIM
implementation depends on the quality of the deliverables. In this context, the BIM model shall be
developed according to the BIM guidelines, standards, and requirements. The integrity of the
information will assist all team members in fully utilised the BIM model in every stage of the project.
The geometry and non-geometry data shall be accurate and reliable. The quality and integrity of the
models shall accord to the modelling technique in their standard. Modelling mistakes will impact the
quantity of the materials, the accuracy of information designs conflict, and drawing interpretation. Four
significant types of checking were listed in most BEP templates, such as visual, quality, integrity, and
interference checking.

4.7 Project Deliverables

The list of BIM deliverables for the project and the format in which the information will be delivered
shall be recorded. A milestone is a significant event that project team members shall achieve. All
deliverables need to be submitted to the client according to the projection and milestones in the work
programme schedule. Team members shall conduct risk management or mitigation action if the
submission of the deliverables cannot meet the target date. An example of the deliverable events is
model submission, clash analysis reports, and coordination meetings.

V. CONCLUSION

Based on the findings and discussions on the twenty (20) BEPs, it was found that the BEP framework
was a key factor for the project’s BEP development. The document framework shall include the strategy,
process, information, infrastructure, personal and standards to develop the project team members'
understanding (Figure 1).

Several organisations or countries separate the BEPs in the design and construction stage or pre-contract
and post-contract, such as BEP Queensland Health BEP and CPIx UK. According to BEP Queensland
Health, the Design BEP or DBEP will always be created before developing the Construction BEP or
CBEP. The DBEP and federated model will be used by tendering contractors to inform the development
of the CBEP. To get a comprehensive comparison, several BEPs from organisations or countries have
been selected. The BEPs were tailored to individual project or organisation requirements. Most BEPs
are detailed and comprehensive, but some are relatively simple

Meanwhile, the outline and elements in the BEPs depend on the BEP developer. The work process and
information exchange also differ between BEPs, including workflow diagrams, tables, and matrix
schedules. Overall, the BEP document will define and facilitate the exchange of information between
all participants and establish coordination procedures and consistency among all trades. It will also
organise all BIM-related activities around a collaborative design philosophy and emphasise BIM’s role
in the beneficial reuse of project data throughout the whole lifecycle. This will ensure that all
information provided by all participants is reliably and precisely developed in each stage of design,
construction, and facility operation and maintenance throughout the project lifecycle.

These findings highlight the necessary elements in a BEP for future developments. Several
improvement requirements were also discussed in previous sections and should be added to increase
the effectiveness of the BEP framework. Thus, this study's lesson would help the industry to improve
the success rate of BIM execution.

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Strategy
Project Goals/
BIM Objectives
& Project
Deliverables

Process
Standard
BIM Uses,
Model Structure
Process Design
& Model
& Collaboration
Quality Control
Procedure

BIM
EXECUTION
PLAN (BEP)
FRAMEWORK

Personnel Information
Roles and BIM
Responsibilities Information
& Organization Exchange &
Chart LOD

Infrastructure
Technology
Infrastructure
Needs

Figure 1: BIM Execution Plan (BEP) Framework

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

This work is supported by Universiti Malaysia Pahang [RDU190382]. The authors would like to thank
the editors and anonymous reviewers whose invaluable comments and suggestions substantially helped
improve this paper's quality. The authors are also thankful to the industry practitioners that participated
in this work.

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