SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

END TERM EXAMINATION

YEAR 10 BIOLOGY

MCQ & STRUCTURED

TERM 1, 2021/2022

TIME: 2 HOURS

CANDIDATE NAME………………………………………………………………………….

YEAR GROUP…………………………………………………………………………………

DATE OF EXAMINATION……………………………………………………………………

SUBJECT TEACHER(S)……………………………………………………………………….

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil.
Do not use staples, paper clips, and glue or correction fluid.
Write your name on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided.

There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.

For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet.
Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
Electronic calculators may be used.
This document consists of 15 printed pages.

©November, 2021www.nairobiacademy.or.ke
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1. A living organism, X, can make its own food, get rid of toxic materials and detect and
respond to stimuli.
What other four processes must organism X carry out to stay alive?
A excretion, growth, movement, sensitivity
B excretion, growth, nutrition, respiration
C growth, movement, reproduction, respiration
D movement, reproduction, respiration, sensitivity

2. What is a correct way of naming a species using the binomial system?

A Homo sapiens B Homo Sapiens C human being D sapiens

3. The drawing is of a magnified human liver cell.

What is structure X?
A cytoplasm B mitochondrion C nucleus D rough endoplasmic reticulum
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4. The diagram shows two cells.

Which process can be carried out by only one of these cells?

A controlling the chemical reactions in the cell
B controlling the movement of substances into the cell
C making starch inside the cell
D using glucose inside the cell

5. The photograph shows a cross-section of a root.

The root hair and the xylem are part of the same
A cell and organism. B cell and tissue.
C organ and organism. D tissue and organ.
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6. The diagram shows a fly.

The line XY represents the length of the wing. The length of line XY is 26 mm. The actual size
of the wing between XY is 4 mm.
What is the magnification of the image?
A ×0.15 B ×6.5 C ×22 D ×104

7. In which part of the body of a mammal does mechanical digestion occur?

A gall bladder B liver C mouth D pancreas

8. Which process only involves the movement of water through the partially permeable
membrane of a cell?
A absorption B evaporation C osmosis D transpiration

9. Which statement about biological molecules is correct?

A DNA contains the bases A, C, G and T. B Glycogen is made from glycerol molecules.
C Oils are made from amino acids and glucose. D Proteins are made from fatty acids.
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10. The diagram shows the effect of an enzyme working in the human digestive system.

What would reduce the rate of production of amino acids?

A removing the amino acids as they are formed B increasing the amount of protein
C raising the temperature to 37.1 °C D raising the pH to 7.5

11. The diagrams show molecules involved in the action of a digestive enzyme such as
maltase. Which is the substrate?

12. The diagram shows an experiment to investigate photosynthesis.

What is the most abundant gas present at the top of the tube at the end of the
experiment?
A carbon dioxide B methane C sulfur dioxide D oxygen
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13. What will happen to a green plant grown in soil that is deficient in nitrate ions?
A It will have large leaves and good root growth.
B It will have purple leaves and poor root growth.
C It will have small leaves and a thin stem.
D It will have white leaves and a thick stem.

14. What is meant by chemical digestion?

A Large insoluble molecules are broken down into small soluble molecules.
B Large soluble molecules are broken down into small insoluble molecules.
C Small insoluble molecules are built up into large soluble molecules.
D Small soluble molecules are built up into large insoluble molecules.

15. The diagram shows a cross-section through a plant stem.

What are the functions of the two labelled tissues?

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16. Woodlice are small organisms that live in damp places.

In an experiment, three live woodlice are put into a glass container. The diagram shows
what happens after 30 minutes.

Which characteristic of living organisms is shown by this experiment?

A growth B nutrition C respiration D sensitivity

17. Which species can breed with Prunella vulgaris to produce fertile offspring?

18. What is the correct order of arthropod groups, from those with the most legs to those with
the fewest legs?
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19. The diagram shows a root hair cell.

How is this cell modified for the absorption of water?

A It has a cellulose cell wall. B It has a thin layer of cytoplasm.
C It has a large surface area. D It has a large vacuole.

20. A student draws a diagram of a mitochondrion.

The diagram has a magnification of X20 000.

The diagram is 5 cm long.

What is the actual size of the mitochondrion?

21. Which row describes active transport?

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22. Which layer in the leaf contains interconnecting air spaces?

23. Where does egestion take place?

24. The diagram shows a fat globule (P) in one part of the alimentary canal and the same fat

globule (Q) as it appears in another part of the alimentary canal.

In which parts of the alimentary canal are P and Q found?

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25. Which statement about a function of xylem tissue is correct?

A It carries glucose from the roots to the leaves. B It helps to support stems and leaves.

C It is the only transport tissue in the plant. D It carries water away from the leaves.

26. What is part of the definition of transpiration?

A the loss of water vapour from plant leaves by evaporation of water at the surfaces of the

mesophyll cells

B the movement of molecules into the cells of the organism where they are used

C the movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a

region of higher concentration

D the transport of mineral ions from the roots into the stem and leaves

27. Students find a small organism in a pond. They catch it and put it into a large jar of water. They
see that the organism swims away from light. It lays some eggs before they put it back into the
pond. Which characteristics of living things did the students see in this organism?

A excretion, growth and respiration B growth, nutrition and sensitivity

C movement, reproduction and sensitivity D movement, reproduction and respiration

28. The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the balance between respiration and

photosynthesis. In which tube are photosynthesis and respiration taking place at the same time?
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29. The diagram shows the human alimentary canal.

Which pair of structures both produce digestive enzymes?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 5

30. The cholera bacterium produces toxins that cause chloride ions to be secreted into the small
intestine.

How does this affect the water potential of blood in the intestinal capillaries and the intestinal

contents?
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SETION B:

31. Fig. 4.1 shows a photomicrograph of a cross-section of part of a leaf.

(a) (i) Identify tissue A on Fig. 4.1 and state the name and function of this tissue.

name ..................................................................................................................................

function ..............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................ [2]

(ii) Structure C in Fig. 4.1 is part of the transport system in the leaf.

State the names of two tissues that structure C contains.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(iii) Identify and state the name of cell B in Fig. 4.1.

.......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) Give two adaptations of cells in tissue A for photosynthesis

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]
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(b) A plant is in bright sunlight and has plenty of water.

Gases move into and out of its leaves.

Complete Table 4.1 to show the net direction of movement for the named gases.

Place a tick (3) in each correct box.

Table 4.1

32. (a) Fig. 5.1 shows a section through a human molar tooth.

Fig. 5.1

(i) Use label lines and labels to identify these structures on Fig. 5.1:

 Cement • enamel • gum • pulp cavity. [3]

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(ii) State the function of the canine teeth in humans.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Fig. 5.3 is a diagram showing the stages of dental decay.

(i) Describe the causes of dental decay.

Use the letters in Fig. 5.3 in your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [4]

(ii) Describe one way of preventing dental decay.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 15]
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33. (a) Complete the definition of the term transpiration.

Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from plant leaves by ....................................of water at the

surfaces of the .................................... cells followed by diffusion of water vapour through the

......................................................... . [3]

(b) Fig. 6.1 is a graph showing how temperature affects water loss in a plant with many leaves.

(i) Half of the leaves were removed from the plant.Predict the effect on water loss in this plant
and sketch a line on Fig. 6.1 to show your prediction. [2]

(ii) Describe the effect of humidity on the rate of transpiration.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Water is an important substance for plants.

(i) Describe two uses of water in plants.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(ii) State the name of the vessels that transport water in plants.

......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) State the name of the cells where water enters a plant............................................... [1][Total: 10]
END