Antminer APW9EN
Antminer APW9EN
Antminer APW9EN
Content of this volume: mainly describe how to troubleshoot various faults of the APW9 + power supply, and
how to use test testers for accurate positioning.
1. Constant temperature soldering iron, above 80W (soldering temperature is 300-350℃), pointed soldering
iron tip is used to solder small patches such as resistors and capacitors, etc., knife-type soldering iron tip is used
for replacing plug-in component by welding (welding temperature is 380- 420 ℃).
2. The heat gun is used for chip disassembly and soldering. Be careful not to heat it for a long time to avoid
PCB blistering (welding temperature is 260 ℃±2 ℃).
3. AC controllable power supply voltage regulator (output 200-250V, limit current 0-20A) is used for APW9 +
power-on inspection. If it's not available, operator can also connect a 100W ordinary light bulb to the utility AC
live wire, but shall pay attention to safety.
4. Electronic load (power 3.6KW, suitable voltage 0-50V); if it's not available, operator can make a power
resistance load matching APW9 +.
5. Multimeter (recommend to use Fluke 15b+ multimeter), suction gun, camera, V9-1.2 testers and special
power supply test card firmware (configure an oscilloscope if available).
6. Flux, lead-free solder wire, water for cleaning panel and anhydrous alcohol; water for cleaning panel is used
to clean up the residue and appearance of the flux after maintenance.
7. Thermally conductive silicone grease (2500) is used to repair the heat conduction between the MOS and the
heat sinks. The thermally conductive silicone (704 silicone) is used to fix the cover after the original glue of the
PCBA component is damaged after repair.
1. Maintenance personnel must have certain electronic knowledge, more than one year of maintenance
experience, have a certain
understanding of the working principle of switching power supply, and master the welding technologies.
2. Before opening the shell and repairing the PCBA board, the large capacitor must be discharged. After the
voltage is measured with a multimeter (if it's less than 5V, discharge is completed), the welding operation can
be performed! Please pay attention to confirm to avoid electric shocks.
3. Pay attention to the operation methods when judging circuit components. After replacing any device, there
shall be no obvious deformation of the PCB board. The soldering of the bonding pad is reliable. Check the
replacement parts and confirm whether there are few open and short circuits around them.
4. After the replacement of the key components, the main circuit is checked and measured to have no short
circuit and other obvious abnormalities before the AC voltage test, otherwise there may be a hidden danger of
machine explosion.
5. When AC220V voltage is needed to judge the circuit signal, please pay attention to operation protection.
Precautions:
● The instruments and equipment used for maintenance must meet the specified requirements.
● The repaired instruments and equipment must be effectively grounded, and the maintenance environment
requirements should meet anti-static (It is recommended to wear an anti-static wrist strap during maintenance.)
requirements.
● The materials used for maintenance must meet the specified requirements; in order to ensure the accuracy and
traceability of the materials used for maintenance, the materials used for maintenance must be the production
materials of the corresponding models, and the requirements for material replacement must be confirmed;
● In order to prevent possible electric shock hazards, non professionals are not allowed to disassemble the shell;
● The maintenance personnel need to use a special shelling machine to repair the power adapter, so as not to
damage the internal components of the product;
● After the product is opened, it is required to discharge the high voltage capacitor;
● Defective products must be marked on the repair process card and placed in a partition;
● The repaired products must be placed in the repaired area and require systematic testing before they can be
put into storage.
I. Overview of principles
1. APW9 + is composed of a large board, three fans and a lower shell. Normally, two inputs are connected to
AC220V. It has two DC output voltages, respectively SB12V. The main voltage output 14.5V 21V is controlled
by PIC port and miner communication.
(1) 14.5V-21V voltage adjustable output (output 1), the maximum current can reach 170A;
(2) 12V voltage fixed output (output 2), the current can reach 12A.
Voltage adjustable output (output 1) can satisfy the common DC load within 170A current in the adjustable
voltage range, especially suitable for the field of servers and mining machines which require a strict power
supply; 12V voltage fixed output (output 2) can satisfy the use of controller panel and cooling fan.
2) There is under-voltage, short-circuit, overload and over-temperature protection inside, which can be
automatically recovered after the fault is removed.
3) The selection of high-quality devices designed through reasonable schemes ensures the stability and
reliability of the product, which can work with a full load in a high-temperature environment of less than 50℃
for a long time.
The actual product shall prevail. The following is the APW9 + housing with two ports.
● Power supply distribution on the front panel: two triangle-shape AC input interface; 3 4028-size high-speed
fans.
● Power supply distribution on the left side: 4 PCB-33 copper welding terminals with adjustable voltage output;
one 4-Pin signal terminal; 1 PCIE terminal with 12V fixed voltage output.
● Power supply distribution on the back panel: heat dissipation outlet, which constitutes the outlet of high-speed
fan.
● The type of AC input terminal on the front panel of power supply is C14, which needs AC input cable with
C13 interface.
● The 4-Pin signal terminal is the communication interface between the external controller board and the power
supply. SDA/SCL is I2C protocol, which can adjust the output voltage of the power supply through I2C. EN is
the enable signal of power supply, and the power supply of controller board can be enabled by EN, which is
effective at low level.
● The adjustable voltage output (output1) uses 4 PCB-33 copper welded terminals, 90 degrees side-foot
terminal, and M4 high current horizontal fixed socket; 2 terminals near the outlet are output positive poles, 2
terminals near the signal terminals are output negative poles, and output wires or output copper bars can be
fixed by M4 screws on the terminals etc. for easy and flexible use.
The PCIE output cables consist of two colors: the 12V positive cable is yellow, the negative cable S is black.
DC Voltage 14.5V-21V
Rated Current(200-240V input) 170A
Rated Power(200-240V input) 3600W
Ripple & Noise <1%
Output 1
Line Regulation <1%
Load Regulation <1%
Setup Time <2S
Short Circuit Protection >10mS
DC Voltage 12.3V
Rated Current(200-240V input) 12A
Ripple & Noise <1%
Voltage Accuracy 12.2V---12.4V
Output 2
Line Regulation <1%
Load Regulation <1%
Setup Time <2S
Short Circuit Protection >10mS
Voltage Range 200-240V AC(For two inputs)
Frequency Range 47-63Hz
Input
Power Factor >0.99(full load)
Leakage Current <1.5mA(220V 50Hz)
Low-voltage Input 80-89V AC
Output Short Circuit Yes
Protection
Over-current Output 180-230A
Overheat Protection Yes
Environment Operating Temperature -20-50℃
Operating Humidity 20%-90%RH(non-‐condensing)
Altitude < 2000m
Dimensions 249*250*48.5mm
Structure
Net Weight about 3.2Kg
Cooling System forced-‐air cooling
Noise 67dBA
This figure is an actual picture. There may be small differences between different product versions, but the
principle is similar.
(1) Schematic diagram of two AC input EMI to PFC circuit, for example, for AC1 circuit, focus on measuring
F1 insurance, U2 rectifier bridge, confirm whether Q4, D7, D5, D6 are damaged (the same inspection method as
the other circuit). Note that when the MOS is damaged, the drive resistance and circuit may be damaged
simultaneously and need to be replaced. During normal operation, it can be judged that the DC voltage across
the large capacitor is 410 420V.
(2) Two 12V auxiliary circuits and fan power supply principles, for example, for 12V 1 channel, focus on
measuring the voltage to detect the starting resistance R33, 47K and confirm the HV is connected to D1, D2,
check whether F3, Q5, D8, D9, T1 are damaged, etc. (the same inspection method as the other circuit). 12V
output. The following circuit converts the front end two 12V series to the output terminal + 12V for the miner
control board.
Main PWM chip U9 VCC power supply control. Note that the front two circuits PFCs need to work properly.
(3) Main control PWM drive circuit, PIC control voltage regulation principle diagram, focusing on measuring
the main IC VCC power supply and driving transformer.
(4) LLC circuit two main switch MOS and transformer conversion voltage-reduction synchronous rectification
DC filter output circuit, focusing on testing the main switch MOS Q14; Q15; Q31; Q32, check whether there is
a short circuit phenomenon at the positive and negative pole of the output rectifier chip MOS, over-current
protection circuit transformer, etc.
(5) PIC control circuit, J15 communication and programming port.
(6) SMD paster A side and plug-in B side device position silk screen.
3. Maintenance process
(1) Check whether the appearance of the power supply is seriously damaged or deformed, and whether the DC
fan and AC outlet are damaged.
(2) Power on AC220V and check whether the fan is rotating normally. Use a multimeter to measures and check
whether the output voltage of the J6 terminal is 12V (12.1V-12.50).
(3) Open the shell and check the components and soldering surface for sparking and scorching (focus on
whether D1 D2, D21 and D22 are damaged, and whether 12V circuit chip capacitors are burning), use a
multimeter to detect whether the AC input F1 fuse is open circuit, check U2 rectifier bridge and PFC MOS Q4;
D7; D5; D6 to confirm whether there is short circuit (the same inspection method as the other circuit), measure
the main switch of PWM circuit MOS Q31; Q32; Q15; Q16 and output chip MOS Q17; Q18; Q19 ; Q20; check
whether there is a short circuit. If there is a short circuit, operator needs to check and replace the component
position. Pay attention to the circuit resistance around the bad bit MOS tube; the transistor may be damaged and
need to be replaced.
(4) Check whether the auxiliary 12V circuit F3, U5; T1; Q5; D8, D9 and other components have short circuit or
open circuit phenomenon and whether the surrounding components are burned, etc., if necessary, replace them.
(5) If there is no abnormality in the above position, the F1 or F2 fuse circuit is normal, and the DC fan rotates
after the two AC circuits are powered on (if it doesn't rotate, please measure whether the fan socket is 12V; if it
rotates normally, the fan shall be replaced normally), the output J6 is under 12V voltage. Measure and check
whether there are DC410V-420V between the two ends of the two PFC large capacitance TEST20-TEST30 or
TEST2-TEST7 measurement points, otherwise check the PFC chip U21 or U1, check the 7-pin VCC power
supply has 12V or judge the material to be damaged and replace; if there is no abnormality, the PWM needs to
be detected for circuit U9; U10; U24; power supply VCC has a voltage of 12V or judges that the material is
damaged and replaced, and whether the T5 or T7 drive transformer is damaged.
(6) Other defects need to be further analyzed and judged according to the skills of the maintenance personnel.
After the above inspections are completed, the main DC output of the single power supply test needs to be about
DC21.3V after short circuiting the J15 PIN pin 4-5 pins, as shown in the EN- GND pin. Note that the short
circuit error may damage the chip. Only after the replacement of the defective device is checked and the
welding is correct, can the AC220V test be performed. Note: If other circuits are checked that the normal large
capacitor is 420V, and there is no output after short- circuiting, it can also be judged that the PIC chip U12
firmware is reprogrammed or the IC is burned (generally there are fewer defects).
4. Available control board V1.2 and APW9 + power PIC port connection test chart.
AC input corresponding to the fan, P1-F1; P2 --- F2; the first two groups work normally, P0 output to the fan
corresponding to 12V.
6. After the maintenance test of the whole power supply is normal, it needs to operate for aging under more than
80% (140AA) of the rated load for 2 hours, and if it's qualified, it can be used by the client.