ICS 59.080.

01
CCS W 60

Professional Standard of the People's Republic of China

FZ/T 70006-2022
Replaces FZ/T 70006-2004

Stretch and recovery testing method for

knitted fabrics
针织物拉伸弹性回复率试验方法

(English Translation)

Issue date: 2022-04-08 Implementation date: 2022-10-01

Issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the
People's Republic of China
Published by Standards Press of China
Contents

Foreword ............................................................................................................................... i
1 Scope .............................................................................................................................1
2 Normative references ..................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................... 1
4 Principle.......................................................................................................................... 2
5 Standard atmosphere for conditioning and test ............................................................. 2
6 Instruments and tools ..................................................................................................... 2
7 Sample and test piece.................................................................................................... 4
8 Procedure ....................................................................................................................... 5
9 Test report .................................................................................................................... 11
Annex A (Nominative) Example diagram of test piece cutting ........................................ 12
Annex B (Informative) Tension under constant elongation, constant tension, repeated
stretching times and relaxation residence time by constant rate of elongation method ... 13
Foreword

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the
English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.

This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020
Directives for standardization — Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents.

This document replaces FZ/T 7006-2004 Stretch and recovery testing method for knits.
The following main technical changes have been made with respect to FZ/T 7006-2004:

——The definition of pre-tension has been added (see 3.5);

——The principles of constant rate of elongation method and delayed load stretching
method have been added (see 4.1 and 4.2);

——The test speed requirements for the constant rate of elongation method have been
modified (see 6.1.2 herein; and 5.1.2 of 2004 edition);

——The equipment requirements for delayed load stretching method have been added
(see 6.2);

——The sampling requirements for delayed load stretching method have been added
(see 7.5);

——The pre-tension of constant rate of elongation method has been modified (see 8.1.1.2
herein; 8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.3.1 and 8.3.2 in 2004 edition);

——The determination method of the stretch and recovery rate of once tension under
constant elongation of delayed load stretching method has been added has been added
(see 8.3.2);

——The determination method of the stretch and recovery rate of once constant tension
of delayed load stretching method has been added has been added (see 8.3.4).

This document was proposed by the China National Textile and Apparel Council.

This document is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Textiles of

Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 209/SC 6).

The previous editions of this document are as follows:

i
——ZB W60 001 was issued for the first time in 1989.

——FZ/T 70006 was issued for the first time in1999, its first revision was issued in 2004,
and this is the second revision.

ii
Stretch and recovery testing method for knitted
fabrics

1 Scope

This document specifies the test methods for the determination of tensile elastic
deformation and plastic deformation of knitted fabrics by using tension under constant
elongation and constant tension.

This document is applicable to all kinds of knitted fabrics, and others may be implemented
by reference.

2 Normative references

The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute indispensable provisions of this document. For dated references, only the
edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any
amendments) applies.

GB/T 6529 Textiles—Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing

GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement
of limiting values

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1
elasticity deformation
recoverable deformation of test piece after removing external, for knitted fabric, which is
expressed by stretch and recovery rate

3.2
plastic deformation
deformation of test piece that cannot be recovered after removing the external force under
the specified conditions and express in terms of plastic deformation rate

3.3
tension under constant elongation
corresponding force when the test piece is stretched to the specified elongation

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3.4
elongation under constant tension
elongation of the test piece under the specified tensile force

3.5
pre-tension
force applied to the test piece to straighten it before stretching but without causing it to be
elongated

4 Principle

4.1 Constant rate of elongation method: The test piece is stretched at a constant speed
by using special instruments and equipment to deform its length, and the stretch and
recovery rate and plastic deformation rate are calculated according to its deformation size
after the release of the load.

4.2 Delayed load stretching method: Use special instruments and equipment to stretch
the test piece, so that its length can be deformed and the deformation state may be
maintained for a long time. After the release of the load, the stretch and recovery rate can
be calculated according to its deformation size.

5 Standard atmosphere for conditioning and test

5.1 Standard atmosphere for conditioning and test shall meet the requirements of GB/T
6529.

5.2 After pre-conditioning, the sample should be placed in the atmosphere for
conditioning to reach moisture equilibrium, and the conditioning of cotton and blended
fabrics should be 24 h, and that of pure chemical fiber fabrics should be 4 h.

6 Instruments and tools

6.1 The testing instrument of constant rate of elongation method shall meet the following
requirements (CRE tensile tester is adopted):

a) Clamp distance: 100 mm ± 1 mm;

b) The instrument shall be able to set the stretch speed within the range of 50 mm/min ~
300 mm/min, with an accuracy of ± 2%;

c) The maximum error of strength indication value is not greater than 1%, and the
maximum error of elongation indication value is not greater than 1%;

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d) The instrument shall be able to set pre-tension;
e) The center point of the two clamps of the instrument shall be on the tension axis, the
jaw line of the clamp shall be perpendicular to the tension line, and the clamping surface
shall be on the same plane; the clamping surface shall be able to hold the sample without
slipping, shearing or destroying the test piece, and the length of the clamping surface shall
be at least 60 mm;

f) The instrument shall have a constant tension retention function.

6.2 The testing instruments for delayed load stretching method shall meet the following
requirements:

a) Appropriate bracket: It is used to support the hanger assembly and the tension
applied during the test, as shown in Figure 1;

b) Hanger assemblies: Including a hanger, a hanger rod and a hanger chain, as shown
in Figure 2; the length of the hanger rod shall not be less than 125 mm, and there shall be
no deformation and other changes affecting the results during the test;

c) Weight: It can be connected to the bottom of the hanger assembly and may apply the
required tension on the test piece;

d) Screw buckle or equivalent tool: It can fix weight or hanger chain.

6.3 Timer: The timing unit is seconds.

6.4 Equipment for sewing the specified seams.

6.5 One pair of scissors and a steel ruler (accurate to 1 mm).

Keys:
1——Bracket
2——Screw buckle.
Figure 1 Bracket

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Keys:
1——Test piece;
2——Mark line;
3——Upper hanger;
4——Upper hanger rod;
5——Lower hanger rod;
6——Lower hanger;
7——Hanger chain;
8——Weights.
Figure 2 Hanger assembly

7 Sample and test piece

7.1 Samples shall be cut more than 1.5 m away from the beginning of the material.

7.2 The test piece shall be representative, and it shall be cut at more than 10 cm away
from the material edge, the surface shall be flat, and there shall be no defects affecting the
test results.

7.3 The test items shall be determined according to the needs, and 3 longitudinal and 3
transversal test pieces shall be cut for each test.

7.4 The effective size of test piece for constant rate of elongation method is 100 mm ×
50 mm.

7.5 The size of test piece for delayed load stretching method is 400 mm × 125 mm. If the
width of the fabric is less than 125 mm, the whole width of the fabric is taken as the test
piece. The test piece is folded in half along the length direction into a ring shape. Stitch
along the direction parallel to the short side of the test piece. The distance between the
stitching thread and the edge of the test piece is 6 mm to 13 mm. The seam shall be firm
and flush to prevent disconnection or uneven stress during the test. The test piece is laid
flat on the bench surface, and a pair of marks are made at the center of one side of the

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annular test piece along the length direction of the test piece, and the distance between
the two marking lines is 125 mm ± 3 mm.

7.6 Test piece shall be arranged according to the method given in Annex A. Generally,
method B (parallel method) shall be used for cutting, and method A (stepped) shall be
used for arbitration, and one side of its length direction shall be parallel to the longitudinal
coil (or horizontal coil) of the sample.

8 Procedure

8.1 Calibration and preparation of the instrument

8.1.1 Constant rate of elongation method

8.1.1.1 Adjust the clamp spacing and check that the jaws are aligned and parallel to
ensure that the applied force does not cause angular deviation.

8.1.1.2 Set the test procedure according to the test requirements.

The stretching speed is selected in the range of 50 mm/min ~ 300 mm/min according to
the product standard or the agreement of relevant parties. If the stretching speed is not
clear, it may be set to 300 mm/min. If pre-tension is applied, the stretching speed may be
selected and set according to the specific situation of the testing instrument, which may
accurately read the elongation value when pre-tension is applied, and explained in the
test report.

Generally, pre-tension may be set to 0.1 N, and for test pieces that will elongate if a small
force is applied, the pre-tension should be set to 0.05 N.

8.1.2 Delayed load stretching method

Check whether the bracket is stable to ensure the smooth progress of the test.

8.2 Determination of tensile force and elongation (constant rate of elongation

method)

8.2.1 Determination of tension under constant elongation

Fasten both ends of the test piece in the length direction evenly in the clamp, start the
instrument, apply pre-tension, and then stretch to the predetermined elongation value
(see Annex B). After stopping for 1min, the instrument automatically records the tensile
force. The test result is expressed by the average value of the data of three test pieces,
and is rounded to one decimal place according to GB/T 8170.

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8.2.2 Determination of the elongation under constant tension

Fasten both ends in the length direction of the test piece evenly in the clamp, start the
instrument, apply pre-tension, stop for 1min when the preset force is reached, and the
instrument automatically records the stretching length. The test result is expressed by the
average value of the data of three test pieces, and is rounded to one decimal place
according to GB/T 8170. The elongation under constant tension shall be calculated using
Equation (1).

𝐿𝐿
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 = 𝐿𝐿2 × 100% (1)
1

where,

L2——the tensile length of the test piece after applying a predetermined force, mm;

L1——the length of the test piece after applying pre-tension, mm.

8.3 Determination of stretch and recovery rate and plastic deformation rate

8.3.1 Determination of stretch and recovery rate and plastic deformation rate under
constant elongation (constant rate of elongation method)

8.3.1.1 Determination of stretch and recovery rate and plastic deformation rate of once
tension under constant elongation

Fasten both ends in the length direction of the test piece evenly in the clamp, start the
instrument, apply pre-tension, stop for 1 min when stretching to the predetermined
elongation, return to the starting point, stop for 3 min, add pre-tension again, and
automatically record the length of the test piece at this time. The test result is expressed
by the average value of the test data of three test pieces, and rounded to one decimal
place according to GB/T 8170. It shall be calculated using Equations (2) and (3).

L3 − L1′
=
Stretch and recovery rate × 100% (2)
L3 − L1

L1′ − L1
=
Plastic deformation rate × 100% (3)
L1

where,

L3——the total length of test piece after stretching of tension under constant elongation,

6
mm;

L1′ ——the length of the test piece (including plastic deformation) after stretching test and

applying pre-tension, mm;

L1——the length of test piece after applying pre-tension, mm.

8.3.1.2 Determination of elastic recovery and plastic deformation rate of repeated

tension under constant elongation

Repeat stretching for several times according to the operation procedure in 8.3.1.1 (see
Annex B), and automatically record the length of the last test piece. The test result is
expressed as the average value of the test data of three test pieces, and rounded to one
decimal place according to GB/T 8170. It shall be calculated using Equations (2) and (3).

8.3.2 Determination of stretch and recovery rate of once tension under constant
elongation (delayed load stretching method)

8.3.2.1 Lay the test piece flat, measure and record the length L0 between the two
marking lines.

8.3.2.2 Sleeve the test piece on the upper hanger rod, and then fix the hanger rod in the
upper hanger with the stitches of the test piece parallel to the hanger rod.

8.3.2.3 Put the other end of the test piece into the lower hanger rod and fix the hanger
rod in the lower hanger.

8.3.2.4 Hang the upper hanger into the groove of the bracket.

8.3.2.5 After the test piece has been stretched to a predetermined elongation, fix the
hanger chain to the lower end of the bracket with nuts or similar fasteners.

8.3.2.6 The test piece shall be held at a predetermined elongation for a set time, which
may be set to 2 h or agreed by both parties as required.

′
8.3.2.7 After the set time, measure the mark length L3 , then loosen the hanger chain to
take down the hanger and the test piece, and lay the test piece flat without external
tension.

a) After the test piece is laid flat for 1 min ± 5 s, measure the mark length L5, accurate to
1 mm.

7
b) After the test piece is laid flat for 1 h ± 5 min, measure the mark length L6, accurate to
1 mm.

c) Continue the test according to steps 8.3.2.1 to 8.3.2.7 until each sample is tested.

d) The test result is expressed as the average of the test data of three test pieces, which
is rounded to one decimal place according to GB/T 8170. It shall be calculated using
Equations (4) and (5).

L3′ − L5
=
R1min × 100%
L3′ − L0
(4)

L3′ − L6
=R1h × 100%
L3′ − L0
(5)

where,

R1 min——the recovery rate of 1 min ± 5 s of flat placement after the test;

R1 h——the recovery rate of 1 h ± 5 min of flat placement after the test;

L3′ ——the total mark length of tension under constant elongation, mm;

L5——the mark length after recovering for 1 min ± 5 s, mm.

L0——the original mark length, mm;

L6——the mark length after recovering for 1 h ± 5 min, mm.

8.3.3 Determination of stretch and recovery rate and plastic deformation rate under
constant tension (constant rate of elongation method)

8.3.3.1 Determination of stretch and recovery rate and plastic deformation rate of once
constant tension

Fasten both ends in the length direction of the test piece evenly in the clamp, start the
instrument, apply pre-tension, stop for 1 min when adding to the predetermined force (see
Annex B), return to the starting point, stop for 3 min, add pre-tension again, and
automatically record the length of the test piece at this time. The test result is expressed
by the average value of the test data of three test pieces, and rounded to one decimal
place according to GB/T 8170. It shall be calculated using Equations (6) and (7).

8
 L4 − L1′
=
Stretch and recovery rate × 100% (6)
L4 − L1

L1′ − L1
=
Plastic deformation rate × 100% (7)
L1

where,

L4——the total length of test piece after stretching under constant tension, mm;

L1′ ——the length of the test piece (including plastic deformation) after stretching test and

applying pre-tension, mm;

L1——the length of test piece after applying pre-tension, mm.

8.3.3.2 Determination of elastic recovery and plastic deformation rate under repeated
constant tension

After repeated stretching for several times according to the operation procedure in 8.3.3.1
(see Annex B), and automatically record the length of the last test piece. The test result is
expressed as the average value of the test data of three test pieces, and rounded to one
decimal place according to GB/T 8170. It shall be calculated using Equations (6) and (7).

8.3.4 Determination of stretch and recovery rate of once constant tension (delayed load
stretching method)

8.3.4.1 Place the test piece in the stretching test equipment according to 8.3.2.1 to
8.3.2.5.

8.3.4.2 Attach the weights required for the test to the lower hanger chain.

8.3.4.3 The test piece is kept in stretch state under the gravity of the weight, and the
time may be set to 2 h or agreed by both parties as required.

′
8.3.4.4 After the set time, measure the mark length L4 , then loosen the weight to take
down the hanger and the test piece, and lay the test piece flat without external tension.

a) After the test piece is laid flat for 1 min ± 5 s, measure the mark length L5, accurate to
1 mm.

9
b) After the test piece is laid flat for 1 h ± 5 min, measure the mark length L6, accurate to
1 mm.

c) Continue the test according to steps 8.3.4.1 to 8.3.4.4 until each test piece is tested.

d) The test result is expressed as the average of the test data of three test pieces, which
is rounded to one decimal place according to GB/T 8170. It shall be calculated using
Equations (8) and (9).

L4′ − L5
=
R1min × 100%
L4′ − L0
(8)

L4′ − L6
=R1h × 100%
L4′ − L0
(9)

where,

R1 min——the recovery rate of 1 min ± 5 s of flat placement after the test;

R1 h——the recovery rate of 1 h ± 5 min of flat placement after the test;

L4′ ——the total mark length at constant load, mm;

L5——the mark length after recovering for 1 min ± 5 s, mm.

L0——the original mark length, mm;

L6——the mark length after recovering for 1 h ± 5 min, mm.

8.4 Determination of stress relaxation rate (constant rate of elongation method)

Stop the predetermined time according to the operating procedure of 8.2.1 (see Annex B),
and automatically record the tensile force. The test result is expressed as the average
value of the data three test pieces, and is rounded to one decimal place according to GB/T
8170. It shall be calculated using Equation (10).

T0 − T1
=
Stress relaxation rate × 100% (10)
T0

where,

10
T0——the force when the test piece is stretched to the predetermined elongation, N;

T1——the force placing for a predetermined time, N.

9 Test report

The test report shall include the following information:

a) No. of this document;

b) Name, No., size of sample;

c) Type, state and quantity of sample;

d) Atmospheres for conditioning and testing adopted

e) Model of the instrument used;

f) Indication of the test parameters of each test item:

——Constant rate of elongation method includes: Tension under constant elongation or

constant tension, stretching speed, clamping distance length, pre-tension, repeated
stretching times and upper and lower delay time, etc.;

——Delayed load stretching method includes: Tension under constant elongation or

constant tension, set stretching time, etc.;

g) The average value of each test index;

h) Date of test;

i) Any deviations from this test method.

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 Annex A
(Nominative)
Example diagram of test piece cutting

A.1 Method A——Stepped cutting method for test piece

Figure A.1 is an example diagram of stepped cutting method for test piece.
Length direction

1/10 breadth

Keys:
T——Longitudinal;
W——Transversal.
Figure A.1 Example diagram of stepped cutting method for test piece

A.2 Method B——Parallel cutting method for test piece

Figure A.2 is an example diagram of parallel cutting method for test piece.
Length direction

1/10 breadth
Keys:
T——Longitudinal;
W——Transversal.
Figure A.2 Example diagram of parallel cutting method for test piece

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 Annex B
(Informative)
Tension under constant elongation, constant
tension, repeated stretching times and
relaxation residence time by constant rate of
elongation method

B.1 Tension under constant elongation refers to the proper stretching value (optional) of
10%, 30% and 50% according to different varieties, longitudinal direction or horizontal
direction of coils.

B.2 Constant tension refers to the appropriate force value (optional) of 1 N, 3 N, 5 N, 7 N,

etc. applied to the sample every 1 cm wide according to different varieties, longitudinal
direction or horizontal direction of coils.

B.3 Repeated stretching times (tension under constant elongation or constant tension)
refer to the appropriate times (optional) such as 1, 3, 5 or 10 times according to different
varieties, longitudinal direction or horizontal direction of coils.

B.4 Relaxation time (tension under constant elongation, or constant tension) refers to
appropriate time (optional) such as 1 min, 2 min and 3 min according to different varieties,
longitudinal direction or horizontal direction of coils.

________________

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