1. What do you call the pressure which the fluid exerts on an immersed object or container walls?

(a) Gage pressure

(b) Hydrostatic pressure
(c) Standard liquid pressure
(d) Normal pressure
2. Viscosity for a fluid is define as the constant of proportionality between shear stress and what other variable?
(a) The spatial derivative of density
(b) The spatial derivative of velocity
(c) The time derivative of density
(d) The time derivative of pressure
3. What is the classification of the fluid flow if the fluid travels parallel to the adjacent layers and the paths of the
individual particles do not cross each other?
(a) Steady flow
(b) Laminar flow
(c) Turbulent flow
(d) Uniform flow
4. Which of the following refers to the measure of a fluid's sensitivity to changes in viscosity with changes in
temperature?
(a) Viscosity factor
(b) Viscosity ratio
(c) Coefficient of viscosity
(d) Viscosity index
5. If the Mach number is greater than 1 but lesser than 5, what is the standard classification of the travel?
(a) Subsonic travel
(b) Supersonic travel
(c) Transonic travel
(d) Hypersonic travel
6. What is measured by a Pitot tube?
(a) Mass flow
(b) Volumetric discharge
(c) Pressure
(d) Velocity
7. Which of the following statements characterized the laminar flow?
I. The velocity is zero at the pipe wall
II. The velocity is minimum at the center
III. The velocity distribution is circular
(a) II only
(b) I and II only
(c) I only
(d) I, II and III
8. In tubes having very small diameters, liquids are observed to rise or fall
relative to the level of the surrounding liquid. What do you call this phenomenon?
(a) Fluidity
(b) Surface tension
(c) Viscosity
(d) Capillarity
9. The continuity equation of fluid flow is applicable to which of the following conditions?
I. The flow of fluid is one dimensional
II. The flow of fluid is steady III. The velocity of the flow is uniform over the cross section
(a) I, II and III
(b) I and II only
(c) I only
(d) II and III only
10. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
(a) Steady flow do not change with time at any point
(b) For a fluid at rest, the pressure is equal in all directions
(c) Bernoulli's equation only holds on the same streamline
(d) The Reynolds number is the ratio of the viscous force to the inertial force
11. Which of the following describes the continuity equation of an ideal fluid flow?
I. The net rate of flow into any small volume must be zero
II. The energy remains constant along the streamline
II. The energy is constant anywhere in the fluid
(a) I, II and III
(b) I and II only
(c) I only
(d) ll only
12. On a stationary floating object, the buoyant force acts upward through the centroid of the displaced volume.
What do you call this centroid?
(a) Center of buoyancy
(b) Center of volume
(c) Center of pressure
(d) Center of mass
13. In an orifice, what do you call the product of the coefficients of velocity
and contraction?
(a) Vena contracta
(b) Effective head
(c) Theoretical discharge
(d) Coefficient of discharge
14. This principle states that where the velocity of a fluid is high, the pressure is low, and where the velocity is
low, the pressure is high.
Which one?
(a) Stoke's principle
(b) Bernoulli's principle
(c) Torricelli's principle
(d) Archimedes principle
15. If the water of a turbine moves along the vanes towards the axis of of the runner, what is the classification of
the said turbine?
(a) Parallel flow turbine
(b) Axial flow turbine
(c) Radial flow turbine
(d) Mixed flow turbine
16. Viscosities can change with time assuming all other conditions to be constant. If viscosities increases with time
up to a finite value how do you call the fluid?
(a) Thixotropic fluid
(b) Pseudoplastic fluid
(c) Rheopectic fluid
(d) Colloidal fluid
17. The negative sign for a gage reading is called
(a) transmission of pressure
(b) vacuum pressure
(c) pressure head
(d) vapor pressure
18. What do you call the volume occupied by a unit mass of fluid?
(a) Specific gravity
(b) Density
(c) Specific weight
(d) Specific volume
19. This type of turbine has the water entering the runner possessing kinetic energy as well as pressure. Which
one?
I. Reaction type
II. Impulse type
III. Propeller type
(a) I, II and III
(b) II only
(c) III only
(d) I only
20. Which of the following fluids exhibit viscosities that increase with
increasing agitation but they return rapidly to their normal viscosity after
the agitation ceases?
(a) Bingham fluids
(b) Pseudoplastic fluids
(c) Newtonian fluids
(d) Dilatant fluids
21. In hydraulic machines, what is the head required to overcome resistance to flow in pipe, fittings, valves
entrances and exits?
(a) Static suction head
(b) Velocity head
(c) Static discharge head
(d) Friction head
22. What device is used to protect the pipe line from bursting due to pressure rise when the water in the pipe
line is brought to rest?
(a) Surge tank
(b) Sluice gate
(c) Float
(d) Check valve
23. According to Archimedes' principle, the buoyant force on a submerged object is equal to which of the
following?
(a) Weight of the fluid not being displaced
(b) Weight of the fluid displaced and the total weight of the object
(c) Weight of the displaced fluid
(d) Weight of the object above the fluid surface
24. Which of the following refers to the measure of the fluid's resistance to
flow when acted upon by an external force?
(a) Coefficient of resistance
(b) Specific volume
(c) Specific gravity
(d) Viscosity
25. What do you call the input power delivered by the motor to the pump?
(a) Nameplate power
(b) Effective power
(c) Brake horsepower
(d) Hydraulic power
26. If one end of the manometer opens to the air, what do you call this
manometer?
(a) Free end manometer
(b) Differential manometer
(c) Continuous manometer
(d) Open manometer
27. An instrument use to measure small pressure.
(a) Orifice
(b) Aneroid
(c) Venturi
(d) Manometer
28. Which of the following ratios describes Reynolds number?
(a) Viscous forces / Drag forces
(b) Inertial forces / Viscous forces
(c) Drag forces/Buoyant forces
(d) Buoyant forces / Inertial forces
29. The following valves are used for shut-off services. Which one is NOT
included?
(a) Butterfly valve
(b) Ball valve
(c) Gate valve
(d) Plug cock
30. Which of the following statements is TRUE about a fluid?
(a) It is a liquid only
(b) It cannot sustain a shear force at rest
(c) It can strain
(d) It has a very regular molecular structure
31. The speed at which the fluid escapes form a container through an orifice is described by which of the
following theorems?
(a) Archimedes theorem
(b) Ptolemy's theorem
(c) Torrecelli's theorem
(d) Bernoulli's theorem
32. What do you call the vertical distance above the centerline of the pump inlet to the free level of the fluid
source?
(a) Velocity head
(b) Friction head
(c) Static suction head
(d) Static discharge head
33. Which of the following is an example of a Newtonian fluid?
(a) Motor oils
(b) Clay slurries
(c) Gas
(d) Paints
34. An instrument which is used to determine the specific gravity of a
substance?
(a) None of these
(b) Throttling calorimeter
(c) Odometer
(d) Hydrometer
35. A mass of fluid at a high elevation will have more energy than an identical mass of fluid at a lower elevation.
What do you call their energy difference?
(a) Hydrostatic energy
(b) Stagnation energy
(c) Pressure energy
(d) Potential energy
36. The following are the basic components of a fluid element in motion. Which one is NOT included?
(a) Rotation
(b) Twist
(c) Volume distortion
(d) Translation
37. What is the ratio of the object's speed to the speed of sound in the medium through which it is traveling?
(a) Subsonic travel
(b) Decibel
(c) Hypersonic travel
(d) Mach number
38. In an orifice, what is the ratio of the area of the vena contracta to the orifice area?
(a) Torricelli's coefficient
(b) Coefficient of contraction
(c) Coefficient of discharge
(d) Coefficient of velocity
39. Which of the following fluid flow is characterized by erratic, small whirlpool-like circles?
(a) Steady flow
(b) Turbulent flow
(c) Uniform flow
(d) Laminar flow
40. If the Reynolds number is less than 2100, what is the classification of the fluid flow?
(a) Turbulent flow
(b) Laminar flow
(c) Critical flow
(d) Uniform flow
41. Which of the following turbines are generally employed where the available head is small, typically below 600
to 800 ft?
(a) Reaction turbine
(b) Impulse turbine
(c) Francis turbine
(d) Propeller type turbine
42. Which of the following is assumed in Bernoulli's equation?
1. There is no fluid friction
II. The fluid is incompressible
III. Changes in thermal energy are negligible
(a) I and II only
(b) I, II and III
(c) I and III only
(d) I only
43. A hydrometer scale for measuring the relative density (specific gravity) of liquids
(a) Baume scale
(b) Beaufort scale
(c) Buckley scale
(d) Beckman scale
44. After the water passes through the turbine in a hydroelectric plant, it is discharged through the draft tube
to the receiveing reservoir. What do you call this reservoir?
(a) Exhaust water
(b) Headwater
(c) Forebay
(d) Tailwater
45. It refers to the fractional change in the volume of a fluid per unit change in pressure in a constant
temperature process. Which one?
(a) Compressibility
(b) Proportional limit
(c) Capillarity
(d) Bulk modulus
46. Which of the following refers to velocity head?
(a) Pressure head
(b) Energy head
(c) Friction head
(d) Flow head
47. This law states that the pressure applied at any point of a confined fluid is transmitted equally to all other
points. What law is this?
(a) Pascal's law
(b) Charles' law
(c) Boyle's law
(d) Newton's law
48. In a floating object, what do you call the distance between the center of gravity and the metacenter?"
(a) Buoyancy head
(b) Metacenteric height
(c) Metacentric head
(d) Submerged height
49. If the Mach number is lesser than 1, what is the standard classification
of the travel?
(a) Hypersonic travel
(b) Transonic travel
(c) Supersonic travel
(d) Subsonic travel
50. When a fluid flows through a pipe of cross sectional area A and a velocity V, the flow or discharge is
(a) AV
(b) AV^2
(c) A²/2V
(d) AV^2v
51. What is a check valve?
(a) A valve designed to release the excess pressure
(b) A valve that allows the fluid to flow in either direction
(c) A valve used to check the pressure of fluid
(d) A valve designed to allow the fluid to flow in one direction only
52. This tube is bent or curved and carries fluid from one container at a high elevation to another container at a
lower elevation. Which one?
(a) Pitot tube
(b) Siphon
(c) Impact tube
(d) Venturi tube
53. In the operation of this pump, liquid flowing into the suction side is captured by the impeller and thrown to
the outside of the pump casing. What is this pump called?
(a) Jet pump
(b) Ejector pump
(c) Power pump
(d) Centrifugal pump
54. What do you call the travel in the transition region between subsonic and supersonic travels?
(a) Hypersonic travel
(b) Shock wave
(c) Sonic boom
(d) Transonic travel
55. What is the classification of the fluid flow if at any instant of time the number of particles passing every
cross section of the stream is the same?
(a) Uniform flow
(b) Continuous flow
(c) Dynamic flow
(d) Steady flow
56. What is the reciprocal of absolute viscosity?
(a) Viscosity gradient
(b) Fluidity
(c) Compressibility
(d) Viscosity index
57. The following statements must be satisfied by the flow of any fluid Which one is NOT included?
(a) Newton's law of viscosity
(b) The principle of conservation of energy
(c) The continuity equation
(d) Newton's second law of motion
58. What do you call the volume of fluid passing a cross section of stream per unit of time?
(a) Specific volume
(b) Continuous flow
(c) Steady flow
(d) Discharge
59. Which of the following fluids exhibit viscosities that decrease with an increasing velocity gradient?
(a) Newtonian fluids
(b) Dilatant fluids
(c) Bingham fluids
(d) Pseudoplastic fluids
60. What do you call the pressure measured with respect to a true zero pressure reference?
(a) Absolute pressure
(b) Atmospheric pressure
(c) Meter pressure
(d) Gage pressure
61. Which of the following statements is TRUE about a siphon?
I. Operation of a siphon is essentially independent of
atmospheric pressure
II. The ideal discharge is the same
III. Starting a siphon requires the tube to be completely filled with
liquid
(a) I, II and Ill
(b) I and II only
(c) Il and Ill only
(d) Ill only
62. Viscosities can change with time assuming all other conditions to be constant. If viscosities decrease with
time, what do you call the fluid?
(a) Rheopectic fluid
(b) Colloidal fluid
(c) Thixotropic fluid
(d) Pseudoplastic fluid
63. What is the name of the pipe that conducts water to the turbine in a hydroelectric plant?
(a) Penstock
(b) Forebay
(c) Runner
(d) Tailrace
64. What do you call the manometer if both ends are connected to pressure
sources?
(a) Differential manometer
(b) Open manometer
(c) Distributive manometer
(d) Cumulative manometer
65. If the water of a turbine flows parallel towards the axis of rotation from
the runner, what is the classification of the said turbine?
(a) Mixed flow turbine
(b) Axial flow turbine
(c) Radial flow turbine
(d) Inward flow turbine
66. Which of the following adds energy to the fluid flowing through it?
(a) Sink
(b) Pump
(c) Pipe
(d) Turbine
67. Which of the following statements describe the fluid, if the shear stress of the fluid varies linearly with the
velocity gradient?
(a) It has a constant viscosity
(b) It is a Newtonian fluid
(c) It has a constant temperature
(d) All of these
68. Which of the following is a dimensionless ratio of a fluid's density to
some standard reference density?
(a) Specific gravity
(b) Specific weight
(c) Coefficient of resistance
(d) Specific volume
69. Summation of all heads in another section.
(a) Bernoulli's principle
(b) Boyle's law
(c) Archimedes principle
(d) Torricelli's principle
70. Which of the following refers to a water path usually a large diameter pipe used to channel water around or
through an obstructing feature?
(a) Canal
(b) Culvert
(c) Siphon
(d) Reservoir
71. Poise is a unit of viscosity derived from which of the following?
(a) pound-second per square foot
(b) gram-second per square centimeter
(c) dyne-second per square centimeter
(d) slugs-second per square foot
72. What is the velocity of a fluid particle at the center of the pipe?
(a) Minimum
(b) Maximum
(c) Between minimum and maximum
(d) Zero
73. It refers to weight of the fluid per unit volume. Which one?
(a) Gravitational acceleration
(b) Absolute weight
(c) Mass
(d) Specific weight
74. Bernoulli's law for fluid flow is based on which of the following principles?
(a) Newton's second law of motion
(b) Conservation of energy
(c) Continuity equation
(d) Conservation of mass
75. Which of the following is NOT a reaction turbine?
(a) Kaplan turbine
(b) Pelton wheel turbine
(c) Thomson turbine
(d) Francis turbine
76. Which of the following is an empirical factor that accounts for the friction and turbulence at the orifice?
(a) Coefficient of velocity
(b) Coefficient of discharge
(c) Coefficient of friction
(d) Coefficient of contraction
77. What do you call the difference between the brake and hydraulic powers in a pump?
(a) Friction power
(b) Discharge power
(c) Suction power
(d) Water power
78. How do you classify liquids that vaporized easily?
(a) Osmotic liquid
(b) Ideal liquid
(c) Saturated liquid
(d) Volatile liquid
79. A load from a faucet comes out in separate drops. Which of the following is the main cause of this
phenomenon?
(a) Air tension
(b) Viscosity of the fluid
(c) Gravity
(d) Surface tension
80. Which of the following is a force multiplying device using pressurized fluid?
(a) Hydraulic ram
(b) Differential manometer
(c) Pneumatic relay
(d) Plunger
81. This turbine consists of a rotating shaft called turbine runner on which buckets or blades are mounted. What
is the name of this turbine?
(a) Reaction turbine
(b) Francis turbine
(c) Axal flow turbine
(d) Impulse turbine
82. The following valves are used for throttle services. Which one is NOT included?
(a) Butterfly valve
(b) Check valve
(c) Angle valve
(d) Globe valve
83. Which of the following principles state that pressure applied to a confined fluid increases the pressure
throughout by the same amount?
(a) Pascal's principle
(b) Torricelli's principle
(c) Archimedes' principle
(d) Bernoulli's principle
84. If the Mach number is greater than 5, what is the standard classification
of the travel?
(a) Supersonic travel
(b) Transonic travel
(c) Hypersonic travel
(d) Subsonic travel
85. Total energy in a compressible or incompressible fluid flowing across any section in a pipeline is a function of
(a) pressure and velocity
(b) flow energy, kinetic energy, height above datum & internal energy
(c) pressure, density and velocity
(d) pressure, velocity, density and velocity
86. To determine the frictional energy loss for fluids experiencing laminar flow, this equation is used. Which one?
(a) Maxwell's equation
(b) Darcy equation
(c) Bernoulli's equation
(d) Hazen-Williams equation
87. Which of the following is TRUE about shear stress in a moving fluid?
I. It is proportional to the fluid density
II. It is proportional to the velocity gradient at the point of interest
III. It is proportional to the square of the flow
(a) I, II and III
(b) I only
(c) II only.
(d) I and II only
88. In an orifice, what is the ratio of the actual velocity of discharge to the theoretical velocity of discharge?
(a) Coefficient of utilization
(b) Coefficient of discharge
(c) Coefficient of velocity
(d) Velocity factor
89. If the Reynolds number is less than 4000, what is the classification of the fluid flow?
(a) Turbulent flow
(b) Critical flow
(c) Laminar flow
(d) Uniform flow
90. What do you call the vertical distance above the centerline of the pump inlet to the point of free discharge
level of the discharge tank?
(a) Static discharge head
(b) Velocity head
(c) Static suction head
(d) Elevation head
91. Which of the following devices is used for measuring the absolute pressure of the atmosphere?
(a) Barometer
(b) Manometer
(c) Bolometer
(d) Venturi tube
92. For partially submerged objects to be stable, where does the metacenter be located?
(a) To the left of the center of gravity
(b) Above the center of gravity
(c) Below the center of gravity
(d) To the right of the center of gravity
93. A mass of fluid at a higher pressure will have more energy than an identical mass of fluid at a lower pressure.
What do you call their energy difference?
(a) Hydrostatic energy
(b) Energy drop.
(c) Pressure energy
(d) Energy gap
94. What is referred to as friction within a fluid that prevents the fluid from flowing freely?
(a) Gradient
(b) Fluidity
(c) Adhesion
(d) Viscosity
95. If the water of a turbine enters radially inward at the inlet and is discharges at the outlet in a direction
parallel to the axis of rotation of the runner, what is the classification of the said turbine?
(a) Radial flow turbine:
(b) Axial flow turbine
(c) Mixed flow turbine
(d) Inward flow turbine
96. Which of the following turbines are generally employed where the available head is very high, typically above
800 to 1600 ft?
(a) Propeller type turbine
(b) Reaction turbine
(c) Francis turbine
(d) Impulse turbine
97. Absolute viscosity of a fluid varies with the pressure and temperature and is defined as a function of
(a) density and shear stress
(b) density, shear stress and angular deformation rate
(c) shear stress and angular deformation
(d) density and angular deformation rate
98. If the Reynolds number is between 2100 and 4000, what is the classification of the fluid flow?
(a) Turbulent flow
(b) Uniform flow
(c) Critical flow
(d) Laminar flow
99. What do you call the power required to deliver a given quantity of fluid against a given head with no losses in
the pump?
(a) Wheel power
(b) Specific power
(c) Hydraulic power
(d) Brake power
100. The conservation of energy equation used in any fluid analysis is base on which of the following laws?
(a) First law of Thermodynamics
(b) Second law of Thermodynamics
(c) Newton's second law of motion
(d) Coulomb's first law of electrostatics