TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V.

AIDS EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
3 min INTRODUCTION
Teaching methods are stimulation, guidance,
direction and encouragement for learning and also a
means to achieve the desired educational objectives.
Selection of right method of teaching is important to
impart knowledge. Teaching learning process is a
two way communication between the teacher and
student in order to facilitate learning.

DISCUSSION METHOD
Discussion is an interchange of opinions and
reactions, sharing of ideas and information regarding
the solution of a problem or use.

define DEFINITION
3min discussion Discussion is a thoughtful consideration of Lecture cum Listening LCD What is
method. relationship involved in the topic or problem under discussion discussion?
study. These relationships are analyzed, compared
and evaluated for drawing conclusions.
 ( AGGARWAL)

Discussions involves an interchange of informed

opinions and reactions, group consideration of a
problem or issue, sharing of ideas and information
and exchange of questions and answers.
( Sandra De Young)

TYPES
5min explain types of (Kochhar-1985) Lecture cum Listening Chart
discussion  Informal discussion: planned and guided by discussion
method. preset rules in order to achieve pre-determined
goals.
E.g.: debates, panels, symposia etc.

 Formal discussion: characterized by free verbal

exchanges between the participants in the
absence of preset rules/ pre-determined goals. It
may involve small group or whole group of
 people divided with the intention of discussing
themes.

5min illustrate the PURPOSES Lecture cum Listening Leaflet

purpose of  To make the learner to be an active participant in discussion
discussion the teaching-learning process.
method.  To promote co-operative decision making.
 To develop communications and verbal skills of
the students.
 To promote group dynamics.
 To share information.
To foster democratic values.
explain the PRINCIPLES Lecture cum Listening LCD
5min principles of 1) The goals and objectives of the discussion should discussion
discussion be clearly defined and understood by all
method. participants.
2) An appropriate topic for discussion should be
chosen.
3) Discussion on factual materials should be avoided
as nothing can be gained by discussing facts.
4) The teacher has to be guide and coordinate the
proceedings.

5) The group leader introduces the topic, sets the

time limits for various aspects of the discussion
and asks questions pertaining the topic
periodically.
6) A recorder should be selected from among the
group, to record the main points of discussion as
it is going on.
7) A group observer should be there to use this
record in analyzing the behavior of the group and
making suggestions to improve them effectively.
8) Each one in group should feel free to participate
and everyone should be encouraged to get
involved in the discussion.
9) The discussion should be properly closed with a
report, decision, recommendations or summary of
the matter discussed.
All points of view should be fairly discussed.
5min
describe Important Ingredients for Success In Discussions Lecture cum Listening
advantages and discussion
There are certain important traits which are essential
disadvantages
for being a successful participant in a group
of discussion
discussion. These include:
method.

(i) Positive Personality: Group discussions are an

effective tool for assessing the overall personality of
the candidate. Personality includes not only one’s
external appearance but also the traits one possesses.
Thus, during group discussions the dressing style,
speaking style, attitude towards others, presentation
style, and so on, are evaluated. During the twenty-
2min
five-thirty minutes one has, one needs to create a
favorable impression on the evaluators. A pleasing
personality makes a favorable impression giving one
an edge over the others.

(ii) Communication Skills: The key to an effective

group discussion lies in the ability
to communicate effectively through both one’s verbal
and non-verbal skills. One needs to express the ideas
 and opinions logically and with clarity. Brilliant ideas
and sound knowledge are of little use unless they are
expressed properly. One needs to possess good
oratory skills with a sound vocabulary. Besides being
a good speaker, one needs to be a good listener
because in group discussions one needs to speak
keeping in mind what has been or is being said by
others.

(iii) Sound Knowledge and Awareness Level: The

participants’ knowledge and general awareness is
another major ingredient for a successful group
discussion. The participant needs to have originality
5min define project in his/her ideas, that is, he should hold his own
method viewpoint and have considerable depth of knowledge.
Lack of knowledge and ideas may lead to repetition
and monotony. This is not a desirable and may go
against one’s success.

(iv) Ability to Coordinate: The participant’s ability

to coordinate the team and work in harmony with
others is another ingredient for success in group
discussions. Cooperation and positive contribution
 towards the discussion are vital. One must display the
ability to take control of the discussion without
operating to be dominating.

ADVANTAGES
list the purposes 1. Emphasis on Learning instead of Teaching, Lecture cum Listening
3min of discussion Discussion Method emphasises pupil-activity in the discussion
method. form of discussion, rather than simply telling and
lecturing by the teacher. Thus, this method is more
effective.

2. Participation by Everybody.
In this method, everybody participates in the
discussion, and therefore thinks and expresses
himself. This is a sure way of learning.

3. Development of Democratic way of Thinking.

Everybody cooperates in the discussion, and the ideas
and opinions of everybody are respected. Thus, there
is a development of democratic way of thinking and
state qualities
5min of project arriving at decision.
method.
4. Training in Reflective Thinking.
Students, during the course of discussion, get training
in reflective thinking, which leads to deeper
understanding of the historical problem under
discussion.

5. Training in Self-expression.
During discussion, everybody is required to express
his ideas and opinions in a clear and concise manner.
This provides ample opportunities to the students for
training in self-expression.

6. Spirit of Tolerance is inculcated.

The students learn to discuss and differ with other
members of the group. They learn to tolerate the
5min views of others even if they are unpleasant and
contradictory to each others’ views. Thus, respect for
the view points of others is developed.
7. Learning is made Interesting.
History is considered to be a dry subject. The
learning of history is made interesting through
 Discussion Method. More effective learning is
possible when the students discuss, criticise and share
ideas on a particular problem. Active participation by
the students in the discussion makes learning full of
interest for the students. This also ensures better and
effective learning.

5min
 Democratic method
 Helps to clarify and sharpening the issues.
 Helps students to crystalize their thinking and
identify concepts needed for their study.
 Activates thinking along the lines of self-
evaluation.
 Promotes conversational skills, listening skills,
speaking skills among students.
 Helps the students to develop problem solving
skills, critical thinking ability, and self-
confidence and self-expression skills.
DISADVANTAGES
Lecture cum Listening
 Time consuming.
discussion
 Teacher may find it difficult to control group and
few students who have very good
 communication skills may dominate the
discussion.
 Both students and teacher are to be well prepared
for the session or else it will not be productive.
 Less effective when number of students exceed
20.

FORMS OF GROUP DISCUSSIONS

Small Group Techniques : e.g. Lecture cum Listening
 Individual conference discussion
 Informal class group discussions
 Seminar
 Role play
 Case analysis
 Clinical conferences.
5min
Large Group Techniques: e.g.
 Multiple discussion
 Symposiums
 Panel
 ABSTRACT
“Impact of Discussion Method on Students
Performance”

(Government Higher Secondary School No 4

Peshawar)

This study was undertaken to investigate the

effectiveness of teaching methods in the subject of
social studies.

The study was experimental in nature and a

pretest/posttest control group design was used. The
sample of the study consisted of 62 students of grade
10th. The students were grouped into control and
experimental groups equally. Both groups were pre-
tested. Two teaching methods (discussion and lecture
method) were used in the study. The experimental
group was taught with discussion method along with
5min lecture while the control group was taught with
lecture method only. Four lessons were selected in
the subject of social studies. Duration of each period
was 45 minutes. The experiment was continued for
one month. Pretests and Posttests were developed for
each topic. The results of pre-tests revealed that there
was no significant difference in the performance of
both groups. While the results of post-tests revealed
that there was significant difference in the mean
score of both experimental and control group. The
results of the study indicated that mean score of the
experimental group was higher than the control
group. It was concluded that discussion method was
more
effective than lecture method. The study
recommended that teachers may prefer discussion
method in teaching
of social studies.

RECAPTUALIZATION
1) What is discussion method?
2) What are the principles of discussion method?
3) What is the composition of discussion method?
4) What are the advantages and disadvantages of
 discussion method?

ASSIGNMENT
 Discussion method of teaching in nursing field,
a boon or curse?
CONCLUSION
Transferring knowledge is equally important as
generating knowledge. A teaching learning method
will help the teacher to conduct teaching in an
10min agreeable, student friendly and successful manner by
maintaining link between the subject matter and the
student. Critical thinking is essential to device a
teaching method. All these methods not only
generates knowledge but also prepare the students to
adjust with their environment.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

TEACHERS REFERNCES
1) D. Elekkuvana Bhaskara Raj, Nima Bhaskar,
Text Book of Nursing Education, EMMESS
Publications, Second edition, Page No : 119, 151-
153.
2) K.P. Neeraja, Text Book of Nursing Education,
JAYPEE Publications, First Edition 2003, page
no:313- 315.
3) B. Sankara Narayanan, B. Sindhu, Learning and
Teaching Nursing, JAYPEE Publications, Fourth
Edition, Page. No: 119- 123
STUDENT REFERENCE
1) K.P. Neeraja, Text Book of Nursing Education,
JAYPEE Publications, First Edition 2003, page
no:313- 315.
2) D. Elekkuvana Bhaskara Raj, Nima Bhaskar,
Text Book of Nursing Education, EMMESS
Publications, Second edition, Page No :
119,151- 153.
Name of the student teacher : DEVUCHANDANA R Class : 1st year MSc nursing

Subject : Nursing Education No: of students : 6

Unit : 3rd Unit Duration : 20 min

Topic of the lesson : Discussion and project method. Venue : Class room

Previous knowledge of : Students have less knowledge

the student regarding discussion and project method.

Method of teaching : Lecture cum discussion

Chalk board

OHP

Pamphlet

Leaflet
 OBJECTIVES

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class students will gain knowledge regarding different aspects of discussion and project method and develop a
positive attitude and will apply this knowledge in clinical and teaching area skillfully.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class students will be able to;

1) define discussion method

2) describe the types of discussion
3) illustrate the purpose of discussion method
Specific objectives 4) explain the principles of discussion method
5) enumerate the ingredients of the discussion method
6) enlist the advantages
7) list down the disadvantages of discussion method
8) state the forms of discussion method
 HOLY CROSS COLLEGE OF NURSING

NURSING EDUCATION

PEER TEACHING

ON

DISCUSSION METHOD

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Ms. VIDYA CS MS DEVUCHANDANA.R

LECTURER 1ST YEAR MSc NURSING

HOLY CROSS COLLEGE OF HOLY CROSS COLLEGE

OF
NURSING KOTTIYAM NURSING KOTTIYAM

SUBMITTED ON: 13/10/1/2020