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    Atomic Radii

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    Varad Vaidya
    Atomic radii is a measure of the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the boundary of the surrounding electron cloud. It is determined by measuring the spacing between identical atomic nuclei in a sample and dividing by two. Atomic size decreases across a period as effective nuclear charge increases, pulling electrons closer. Atomic size increases down a group as additional shells are added further from the nucleus while effective nuclear charge remains constant.

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    Atomic Radii

    Uploaded by

    Varad Vaidya
    13 views2 pages
    Atomic radii is a measure of the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the boundary of the surrounding electron cloud. It is determined by measuring the spacing between identical atomic nuclei in a sample and dividing by two. Atomic size decreases across a period as effective nuclear charge increases, pulling electrons closer. Atomic size increases down a group as additional shells are added further from the nucleus while effective nuclear charge remains constant.

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    Atomic radii is a measure of the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the boundary of the surrounding electron cloud. It is determined by measuring the spacing between identical atomic nuclei in a sample and dividing by two. Atomic size decreases across a period as effective nuclear charge increases, pulling electrons closer. Atomic size increases down a group as additional shells are added further from the nucleus while effective nuclear charge remains constant.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    13 views2 pages

    Atomic Radii

    Uploaded by

    Varad Vaidya
    Atomic radii is a measure of the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the boundary of the surrounding electron cloud. It is determined by measuring the spacing between identical atomic nuclei in a sample and dividing by two. Atomic size decreases across a period as effective nuclear charge increases, pulling electrons closer. Atomic size increases down a group as additional shells are added further from the nucleus while effective nuclear charge remains constant.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Atomic radii

     Atoms are not solid spheres, but we can measure an


    atoms size when in a bond by looking at the spacing
    between the two nuclei.
     We can not measure an individual atom but can measure
    the distance between identical adjacent atomic nuclei in a
    sample of an element and divide that by two.
     The atomic radii is described as a measure of the
    distance from the nucleus of an atom to the boundary of
    the surrounding cloud of electrons.

     Atomic size greatly influences other atomic properties.


     Atomic size increases down a group and decreases across
    a period.

     The variation in atomic size are the result of two


    opposing influences
    1. Changes in n (# of shell)
    2. Changes in Zeff (the effective nuclear charge
    ‘felt’ by a valence electron)

    Down a group

    Down each group there is one more shell added. The full
    inner shells shield the outer electrons keeping Zeff the
    same for the group. As added shell is further away from
    the nucleus, the atomic radii gets larger.
    Atomic radii

    Across a period

    As we move across a period, the electrons are added to


    the same outer shell. As the full inner shells shielding
    the nuclear charge remains the same, Zeff rises across the
    period. This pulls the outer electron shell closer
    decreasing atomic radii.

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