SECTION A: LISTENING (50 points)

PART I: For the questions 1-10, listen to the thrilling tale of survival at sea and decide
whether the following statements are True (T), False (F), according to what you hear.
Please remember to replay the recording to listen to the second time. (20 points)

1. Jane had covered approximately a thousand miles after departing from Panama.

2. Jane's boat collided with an object on the water's surface.

3. Jane had the option to utilize the compass to request assistance.

4. Jane didn't express any concerns regarding her food provisions.

5. Jane remained calm as she didn't perceive herself to be in any imminent danger.

6. Initially, Jane planned to sail towards a more southern direction.

7. Jane possessed more water than food during her ordeal.

8. Within the first few days, Jane spotted a Panamanian tanker that never halted.

9. It took a week for Jane to become genuinely anxious about her situation.

10. If Angelo hadn't spotted Jane when he did, she would likely have perished.

1. t 2. ng 3.f 4.f 5.t

6.ng 7.f 8.t 9. ng 10.t

PART II: You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking. While you listen,
you must complete both tasks. (10 points)
TASK ONE
For questions 11-15, choose from the list A-H what experience each speaker is talking about.
A. eating out in a restaurant 1. Speaker 1:
B. going river fishing 2. Speaker 2:
C. being at a marriage ceremony 3. Speaker 3:
D. mountain climbing 4. Speaker 4:
E. going around in a market 5. Speaker 5:
F. going to the theatre
G. spectating a match of football
H. having a swim in a lake

11. Speaker 1: e 12. Speaker 2: d 13. Speaker 3:c 14. Speaker 4: a 15. Speaker 5:b
TASK TWO
For questions 16-20, choose from the list A-H the main feeling each speaker is expressing.
A. It was out of the ordinary 1. Speaker 1:
B. It was tiring 2. Speaker 2:
C. It was entertaining 3. Speaker 3:
D. It was terrifying 4. Speaker 4:
E. It was packed with people 5: Speaker 5:
F. It wasn’t up to expectations
G. It was uninteresting
H. It was bewildering

16. Speaker 1: c 17. Speaker 2:f 18. Speaker 3: 19. Speaker 4: a 20. Speaker 5:b

PART III: For question 21-30, listen to a recording about Society and the Media and fill in
the missing information using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS. You will hear the
recording twice. (20 points)

Gin, the beloved spirit of Britain, experienced massive popularity in 2017 with staggering
purchases. It was developed in the ninth century by Arabian alchemists in the form of alembic
still and later spread to Europe through (21) …medicine…………….

By 1269, Dutch monks produced a juniper-based spirit to (22) plague...........During the 17th
century, spirits, or cordials, were popular among the rich and were widely regarded as pleasant and
(23)……healthy……….., after the suppression of monasteries in Britain.

Meanwhile, British soldiers fought alongside the Dutch for independence, and their courage
gained recognition among the Brits. The veterans brought back a (24) ........................,
which
became a cheap and tasty way to let go of the (25) daily struggle......for those who are unhappy.
Distilling gin was popular in London, leading to a taxation in 1688 to fight the French.

The gin craze lasted 75 years, with (26) government........In the 19th century, gin was reformed,
but its aura of peril endured. Working-class gin palaces made it more glamorous and (27)
… respectable., often drunk neat or with hot water. But a new era was dawning. Tonic water,
originally used to (28) treatment area , spread across the British Empire.

In the 18th century, (29) gin.....................became an everyday drink. In British colonies,

especially India, gin was added for an extra kick, leading to the birth of gin and tonic. In the
present day, gin is popular as it is easy to produce, (30).........................., and mixes well
with
other drinks.

21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

 SECTION B: GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (20 points)
PART I: Choose the best answer from A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences.
Write your answers in the box provided. (10 points)
1. I'd only just to the fact that they were having a relationship
A. cottoned on B. dawned on C. clung on D. backed on
2. With a 6.3- inch screen, smooth glass back and comfortable feel, the XL more than above
its weight against the flagship models from Apple and Samsung
A. punches B. pokes C. drills D. stabs
3. I have told you this that the water heater should be turned off after use.
A. as quite often as not
B. umpteen times
C. irredeemable times
D. very several times
4. when they learned that the chairman would not be able to join the meeting
A. When they realized why they were all there in that early time of the day
B. Hardly had the committee learned the reason of the meeting
C. However professional they tried to be
D. It wasn't until they got a phone call about an urgent meeting the next day
5. Ed was talking about dropping out of school, but Mom and Dad put their down.
A. stamp B. show C. foot D. fish
6. Dinner was very formal, with everyone on their best .
A. conduct B. manner C. manners D. behavior
7. My mother find it is impossible to her anger and started shouting
A. contain B. reserve C. inhibit D. restrict

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions:
8. Open and gregarious, he had a true gift for friendship.
A. sociable B. energetic C. elegant D. indolent
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions:
9. Linda was always punctilious in her manners, especially when she talked to her grandparents.
A. scrupulous B. diligent C. disobedient D. careless
Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best completes the
following exchange.
10. “How is it going?” - “..................”
A. By bike B. Not many C. It sounds better D. Mustn’t grumble

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
PART II: Read the following text which contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and
write the corrections in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 points)

The search for the biological foundation of human culture inevitably leads to non-verbal
communication. Intuition suggests that such communication has been an essential element from
the evolution of humans as social beings. Without it, the diversity and sophistication of today's
social systems would be unimaginative . Moreover , there is the opposite hypothesis that the
evolution of non- verbal communication may in part be the result of our being throughout social
entities: the social nature of humans may have amplified the evolution of a capacity we share
with another primates but developed to a degree equaled by any other species. As well as
language is concerned, these issues have been subjects to fascinating research in linguistics,
biological anthropology and other fields. However, the fundamental question of which led to
humans becoming social beings and thus, ultimately, the basis of human culture, remained
contested between the disciplined and territorial claims of biology or the social sciences.

Mistake Line Correction Mistake Line Correction

11. 16.

12. 17.

13. 18.

14. 19.

15. 20.

SECTION C: READING (70 points)

PART I: Read the following passage and think of a word which best fits each space.
Use only ONE word for each space. (15 points)
“Gaslighting” – (1) ……… manipulating, grossly misleading, downright deceitful – is
Merriam-Webster’s word of the year. Lookups for the word on Merriam-Webster.com increased
1,740% in 2022 over the year before. But something (2) ……… happened. There wasn’t a single
event that (3)............significant spikes in the curiosity, as it usually goes with the chosen word of
the year. The gaslighting was pervasive. “It’s a word that has risen so quickly in the English
language, and (4) ……… in the last four years, that it actually came as a (5)..............to me and to
many of us,” said Peter Sokolowski, Merriam-Webster’s editor at (6) ………, in an exclusive
interview with the Associated Press ahead of Monday’s unveiling. “It was a word looked up
frequently every (7)..............day of the year,” he said.
Merriam-Webster’s (8) ……… definition for gaslighting is the psychological manipulation of a
person, usually over an extended period of time, that “causes the victim to (9) ……… the validity
of their (10) ……… thoughts, perception of reality, or memories (11) ……… typically leads to
confusion, loss of confidence and self-esteem, uncertainty (12) ……… one’s emotional or mental
stability, and a dependency on the perpetrator”. Gaslighting is a heinous tool frequently used by
abusers in relationships – and by politicians and (13) ……… newsmakers. It can happen between
romantic partners, (14) ……… a broader family unit, and among friends. It can be a corporate
tactic or a way to mislead the public. There’s also “medical gaslighting”, (15) ……… a healthcare
professional dismisses a patient’s symptoms or illness as “all in your
PART III: Read the passage and choose the best option A, B, C, or D to answer the
questions. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (20 points)
 Clinical depression, or Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), is clinically defined as a period of
sadness or melancholia severe enough to interrupt the patterns of one’s everyday life and lasting
for a period of several weeks or longer. Although there has been an awareness of clinical
depression for thousands of years, an understanding of its causes, and effective means of
treatment, have only come in the last fifty years.

Clinical depression is an extremely widespread illness, with an estimated 16% of the population
suffering from an episode of MDD at least once in their lifetime. Currently, clinical depression is
the second leading cause of disability in the United States behind heart disease. Traditionally,
females have reported higher rates of clinical depression than males, but this is thought to be due
to the greater stigmas against expressing one’s feelings that are typical among males in most
cultures rather than to any true difference in the occurrence of MDD among the two genders.
Sufferers of clinical depression may exhibit an array of symptoms, some of the most common
being increased apathy, disruptions in sleep and eating patterns, a withdrawal from pleasurable
activities, and suicidal ideation.

While not completely understood, clinical depression is known to have both environmental and
biological causes, and the most effective treatments involve a two-pronged approach of
medication and emotional therapy. The mean age for the onset of clinical depression is in the mid
to late twenties, and the pressure of fully transitioning to independent adult life is often counted
as the primary trigger mechanism. While specific bouts of clinical depression may be attributable
to a certain event or trauma in a person’s life, neurochemistry, which is largely genetic, seems to
predispose some people to MDD. Clinical depression has been linked in numerous studies with
imbalances in neurotransmitters, the chemicals that relay information between cells in the brain. Specifically,
a lack of serotonin and norepinephrine seems to play a leading role in clinical depression

Medication to treat clinical depression first became available in the 1950s, and today there are two
major classes of widely prescribed antidepressants: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Both classes of drugs operate by
limiting the absorption (reuptake) of neurotransmitters, thereby increasing their levels in the brain,
but SSRIs operate exclusively on serotonin, while SNRIs affect norepinephrine as well, making
them slightly more effective. Both classes of drugs take several weeks to build up to effective
levels in the bloodstream, and their effectiveness may be compromised by the use of alcohol or
other medications. For this reason, they are carefully controlled by psychiatrists. Used alone, these
antidepressants have proven to be about as effective as counseling, with reductions of depressive
symptoms averaging about 55% and full remission at about 22%, but when used in conjunction
with counseling they often result in reduction and remission rates closer to 85% and 45%
respectively. Furthermore, continued use of antidepressants after the conclusion of counseling has
been proven to greatly decrease the risk of relapse.
As effective as antidepressants have proven in treating clinical depression, they are not without
drawbacks and criticisms. Typically, the first few weeks of treatment are when a depressive
patient is at the greatest risk of suicide. There is some evidence that during this period,
antidepressants may actually contribute to this risk because they reduce mental lethargy, and a
more active mind may lead to increased suicidal ideation. Thus, it is critical that a patient be
closely watched during the first few weeks of an antidepressant regimen. A further criticism of
antidepressants is that they may have unpleasant sexual side-effects which may make them
unpalatable to patients, given the long duration of their intended use. A final criticism concerns
their role in the ever-growing field of psycho-pharmacology. Antidepressants are by far the most
commonly prescribed of psychiatric drugs, and some mental health professionals worry that their
profusion is leading to an
over-reliance on chemical solutions to emotional issues.

31. The passage discusses all of the following aspects of clinical depression EXCEPT
A. methods of counseling used to treat it
B. its characteristic symptoms
C. its official medical definition
D. available medications for treatment
32. The word stigmas in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. proclivity
B. endorsements
C. ineptitude
D. shame
33. According to paragraph 2, the actual rates of clinical depression are most likely
A. about the same between men and women
B. impossible to accurately calculate
C. much higher than they were in the past
D. quickly catching up with those of heart disease
34. According to paragraph 3, the pressures of becoming an independent adult often
A. are irrelevant to clinical depression
B. are the core determinants of clinical depression
C. precede the onset of clinical depression
D. only serve to increase the symptoms of depression
35. The word bouts in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. manifestations
B. stasis
C. episodes
D. stagnation
36. Based on the information in paragraph 3, it can be inferred that clinical depression is
A. often a hereditary condition
B. entirely chemical in nature
C. largely an untreatable condition
D. often accompanied by other mental problems
37. The word compromised in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. conciliated
B. resisted
C. revamped
D. imperiled
38. In paragraph 4, why does the author discuss rates of reduction and remission in
clinical depression?
A. To suggest that medication is secondary in importance to counseling in treating depression
B. To discuss the chances for full recovery for people who suffer from clinical depression
C. To illustrate the vast superiority of SNRIs to SSRIs in the treatment of clinical depression
D. To better demonstrate the efficacy of antidepressants when used with counseling
39. According to paragraph 5, antidepressants may lead to an increased risk of suicide in the
first few weeks of treatment because
A. that is the time when their side effects are strongest
B. they may stimulate an overproduction of serotonin
C. they increase mental activity, leading to more thoughts of suicide
D. they draw attention away from much needed counseling
40. What is the tone of the passage?
A. objective
B. nostalgic
C. remorseful

D. cloying
E. cloying

31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

PART IV: Read the passage and complete the following tasks. (20 points)
A. In sociology, the similarity with which the members of a group behave is known as group
behavior, and a peculiar aspect of people in groups is that they tend to conform to the
beliefs, opinions, and behaviors of the other members. At times, people may even engage
in conduct that conflicts with their personal moral and ethical code. Some violate these
conventional codes because they perceive membership as too valuable to compromise. In
such cases, their conscience may become disturbed, but they tend to go along with the
group anyway. Many studies have explored or attempted to explain this phenomenon.

B. A series of tests conducted by Solomon Asch, an American Gestalt psychologist, examined

the willingness of a group member to conform to the viewpoint of fellow members even if
the member’s viewpoint was incorrect. In each test, he put people in groups of seven at a
table and showed them two cards - one with a single line and one with three lines of
varying lengths. The participants were then asked which of the three lines on the second
card was the same length as the single line on the first card. However, there was a catch. In
each experiment, only one out of the seven subjects was ‘real’; the others had been
coached to respond to questions in a certain way. Specifically, they were told to purposely
answer some questions incorrectly to pressure the real student in the room. Asch
discovered more than half the real subjects went along with the incorrect answer at least
once.

C. But is this really a simple matter of peer pressure or fear of going against the mainstream?
Neurologist Gregory Berns sought a physiological explanation and conducted an
experiment with MRI scanners to determine which parts of the brain were ‘activated’ when
a person accepted a decision that was in conformation with the group, even when they felt
it was incorrect. He reasoned that if peer pressure was responsible, he would see changes
in activity in the forebrain, which is involved in monitoring conflicts. But what Berns
discovered was that when people follow a group’s opinion, the posterior areas of the brain
are stimulated. This indicated that a change in spatial perception had occurred, and led
Berns to conclude that the incorrect responses the false respondents had provided literally
altered the perception of the true participants. Thus, he challenged the notion that the
participants in the Asch experiment were merely giving in to peer pressure. In fact, they were
actually seeing the length of the lines differently from how they have if no false responses
were given
 .

D. Social psychologist Stanley Milgram went even further in his experiments at Yale
University in the early 1960s. The Milgram experiments were groundbreaking in that they
were the first extensive ones carried out that focused on extreme obedience to authority and
its potentially destructive repercussions. Milgram told the subjects they were participating
in a study about learning and memory and then assigned them to be ‘teachers’, with the
stated goal of determining the role of punishment in learning. However, what Milgram
actually wanted to do was find out the extremes to which people would go to punish others
when instructed to do so. In the experiment Milgram designed, the subjects were instructed
to punish the ‘learners’, who in fact were actors, by giving them an electric shock each
time they failed to offer the correct answer, His experiments demonstrated that even when
the actors screamed in agony for the test to stop, the majority of ‘teachers’ continued to
administer the shocks at the request of the experimenter.

E. An even more ominous experiment conducted by a high school teacher in Palo Alto,
California underscores the dangers of conforming. History teacher Ron Jones was
teaching his class about totalitarianism when he was interrupted by a question asking how
the citizens of any nation could be convinced to accept living under a dictatorship. This
gave him an idea. The next week, he began lecturing on the positive qualities of discipline
and instituted new rules, in three words or less. He also introduced slogans like “Strength
through discipline; strength through community’ and had the students stand and recite new
mottos. Furthermore, he introduced a Thỉrd Wave salute and membership cards and
suggested that members others who were breaking rules. He was astounded when they
willingly did so.

F. On the fourth day of the experiment, Jones told the students that Third Wave was based on
an actual political movement in history and that he would reveal the leader of the
movement the next day, and he did this by showing a film which featured Adolf Hitler and
footage of the German labor camps during World War II. The students were stunned, and
some were in tears. Jones pointed out to them that out of regard for the group’s objectives,
they had failed to examine their own convictions and the principles on which the group
was founded. The name ‘Third Wave’ had not been accidental. Indeed, a new Third Reich
had nearly been born.

G. Experiments aside, it goes without saying that in any society, group members must
conform to some degree for cooperation and sound decision making. Yet the dangers of
rigid conformity must be avoided, or it can result in ‘groupthink’, creating excessive
loyalty to
 an idea, causes, action, or decision at the expense of critical thinking. So, then, in any
group, deviance in some form is necessary to guarantee that the ramifications of a
proposition are explored from every possible angle. Still, deviance in its extreme form can
lead to stalemates, arguments, or even anarchy. Thus, it is imperative that constructive
forms of criticism be encouraged while destructive criticism is regarded with the utmost
vigilance.

List of Headings

i. Attitudes towards deviance and conformity

ii. Result of an experimental recreation of history
iii. Perceptions distorted by group-thinking

iv. Extreme obedience demonstrated in casual context

v. Ramifications of strict compliance

vi. People's willingness to conform to instructed brutality

vii. Scripted reactions altered individual's response

viii. Endeavors to understand group behavior
Example: Paragraph A - viii

41 Paragraph B 42 Paragraph C 43 Paragraph D

44 Paragraph E 45 Paragraph F 46 Paragraph G

Question 47-50
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage?
Write

Yes if the statement agrees with the views of the writer

No if the statement contradicts the views of the writer

Not Given if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
 47 Asch found that only a few of the real participants chose incorrect answers.

48 Milgram intended to test how much punishment a person would inflict on another when
told to.

49 Any form of deviance will ensure that an idea is effective enough to realize.

50 Criticism which is not beneficial must be viewed with the greatest caution.

41.b vii 42.c iii 43.d vi 44.e iv 45.f ii

46.g i 47. no 48. yes 49. yes 50.not given

SECTION D: WRITING (10 points - letter and essay/story not included)

PART I: Complete the sentences so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using
the word given. Do not change the given word. You must use between THREE AND
EIGHT WORDS including the word given.
1. My mother can speak French very fluently.
My mother French language. (COMMAND)
2. Although the manager is sluggish, he is still a smooth
speaker. Sluggish as the manager is, he’s . (GIFT)
3. Peter grimaced as he swallowed the foul-tasting medicine.
Peter the foul-tasting medicine.
(PULL)
4. When the old man was cheated when he sold his silver watch at such a low price
The old man sold his silver watch at such a low price. (RIDE)
5. At your age, you should have learnt to do things for yourself, Henry.
At your age, you should have learnt to , Henry.
(FEET) PART II: LETTER WRITING
You recently went to watch a school sports competition, where your English friend, Alex, won a
running race. Write an email to Alex. In your email:
congratulate Alex
say how you felt watching Alex’s race
tell Alex about the photos you took at the sports competition.
PART III: Choose one out of the two given topics to write.
1. STORY WRITING:
Write a story ending with “I will never do it again”.
2. ESSAY WRITING:
A number of teenagers today spend much of their summer vacation doing part-time jobs.
Do you think that its benefits outweigh its drawbacks?