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Cloud Computing Stack

The document discusses various levels of the cloud computing stack including composability, infrastructure, platforms, virtual appliances, communication protocols, and applications. It describes how applications are built from modular components at different levels of the stack and how standards and technologies like virtualization, web services, and encryption enable communication and connectivity in the cloud.

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Rutuja
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
358 views

Cloud Computing Stack

The document discusses various levels of the cloud computing stack including composability, infrastructure, platforms, virtual appliances, communication protocols, and applications. It describes how applications are built from modular components at different levels of the stack and how standards and technologies like virtualization, web services, and encryption enable communication and connectivity in the cloud.

Uploaded by

Rutuja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CH-02

Cloud Architecture And


Services
Exploring the Cloud
Computing Stack

● Composability

● Infrastructure

● Platforms

● Virtual Appliances

● Communication Protocols

● Applications
Composability
● Applications built in the cloud often have the property of being built

from a collection of components referred as composability.

● A composable system uses components to assemble services that

can be tailored for a specific purpose using standard parts.

● A composable component must be:

• Modular: It is a self-contained and independent unit that is


cooperative, reusable, and replaceable.
• Stateless: A transaction is executed without regard to other
transactions or requests
Conti..
 Standards of composability will vary according to service
models.
 Composability is high at Iaas model and its moderated at PaaS
& and Saas.
 Benefits from a composable system at any Service models are:
 Easier to assemble systems
 Cheaper system development
 More reliable operation
 A larger pool of qualified developers
 A logical design methodology
 To design composable system in cloud computing, it can adopt
Service Oriented Architecture(SOA)
 SOAs are constructed from a set of modules using standard
communications and service interfaces.
 Web Services Description Language (WSDL) is an example of it.
Infrastructure
● Most large Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) providers rely on

virtual machine technology to deliver servers that can run


applications.

● Virtual servers described in terms of a machine image or


instance have characteristics that often can be described in terms
of real servers delivering a certain number of microprocessor
(CPU) cycles, memory access, and network bandwidth to
customers.

● Virtual machines are containers that are assigned specific


resources. The software that runs in the virtual machines is what
defines the utility of the cloud computing system.
Arch dig illustrates the Portion
of cloud computing stack that
is designated as the server
Platforms
 Platform in the cloud is a software layer that is used to create
higher levels of service.
● Salesforce.com's Force.com Platform
● Windows Azure Platform
● Google Apps and the Google AppEngine

 These three services offer all the hosted hardware and software

needed to build and deploy Web applications or services that


are custom built by the developer within the context and range
of capabilities that the platform allows.
 Platforms represent nearly the full cloud software stack,

missing only the presentation layer that represents the user


interface.
 It makes sense for operating system vendors to move

their development environments into the cloud with the


same technologies that have been successfully used to
create Web applications.

 Thus, you might find a platform based on a Sun xVM

hypervisor virtual machine that includes a NetBeans


Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and that
supports the Sun GlassFish Web stack programmable
using Perl or Ruby
 Platforms often come with well supplied tools and

utilities to aid in application design and deployment.

 Depending upon the vendor, you may find developer

tools for team collaboration, testing tools,


instrumentation for measuring program performance
and attributes, versioning, database and Web service
integration, and storage tools.
Virtual Appliances
● Applications such as a Web server or database server that

can run on a virtual machine image are referred to as


virtual appliances

● Virtual appliances are software installed on virtual


servers—application modules that are meant to run a
particular machine instance or image type.

● A virtual appliance is a platform instance. Therefore,


virtual appliances occupy the middle of the cloud
computing stack
A virtual appliance is software that installs as
middleware onto a virtual machine.
● Bagvapp (http://bagside.com/bagvapp/) offers virtual

appliances, including ones based on Windows, all of


which run on VMware Player.

● HelpdeskLive

(http://helpdesklive.info/download/VirtualBox%20
VDI%20free%20images.html) offers various Linux
distributions upon which you can build a virtual machine.

● Jcinacio (http://www.jcinacio.com/) has Ubuntu


appliances.
Communication Protocols
● Cloud computing arises from services available over the

Internet communicating using the standard Internet protocol


suite underpinned by the HTTP and HTTPS transfer protocols.
● The other protocols and standards that expose compute and data

resources in the cloud either format data or communications in


packets that are sent over these two transport protocols.
● The first of the truly Web-centric RPC technologies was XML-

RPC, which uses platform independent XML data to encode


program calls that are transported over HTTP, the networking
● transport to which nearly everyone is connected.
 The most widely used message-passing standard at the
moment is the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), which
essentially replaces XML-RPC. SOAP uses XML for its
messages and uses RPC and HTTP for message passing.

 Several standards have emerged to allow the discovery and


description of Web-based resources.

 Web Services Description Language (WSDL), a World Wide


Web Consortium (http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/desc/) Internet
standard.

 WSDL lets a Web service advertise itself in terms of a


collection of endpoints or ports associated with a specific
network address (URL).
Applications
 Connecting to the Cloud

 A web browser

 A proprietary application

 These applications can be running on a server, a PC, a mobile device, or a cell


phone.

 There are three basic methods for securely connecting over a connection:

 Use a secure protocol to transfer data such as SSL (HTTPS), FTPS, or IPsec, or
connect using a secure shell such as SSH to connect a client to the cloud.

 Create a virtual connection using a virtual private network (VPN), or with a


remote data transfer protocol such as Microsoft RDP or Citrix ICA, where the
data is protected by a tunneling mechanism.

 Encrypt the data so that even if the data is intercepted or sniffed, the data will
not be meaningful.

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