Voices Elementary Wordlist 2

ELEMENTARY UNIT 1 Wordlist
1 Who am I?
PAGE 11 first language /fɜː(r)st ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ/ noun
your first language is the language that you used at
infographic /ˌɪnfə(ʊ)ˈɡrafɪk/ noun home when you were growing up
an infographic is a picture that shows information Because Jo’s parents speak Chinese, it is her first
about a topic in an easy way language.
The company created an infographic to show what
products they have.
PAGE 12
nationality /naʃəˈnalɪtɪ/ noun
Your nationality is the country you come from. nurse /nɜː(r)s/ noun
mixed nationality | foreign nationality a nurse is a person who helps doctors and cares for
people in a hospital
My mother is of foreign nationality. | People of the
same nationality sometimes have the same culture. The kind nurse takes care of the sick people.
verb: nurse
interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ noun
to nurse a cold | taking care of yourself when you
an interview is a conversation where one person
have a cold
asks the other for information about a subject they
know well. A job interview is where a person asks police officer /pəˈliːs ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ noun
another person questions to see if they would suit a police officer is a person who works for the police
the job. Police officers help to keep towns and cities safe.
I hope that you get the job after the job interview. pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ noun
| The student asked Ivar some questions during the
a pilot is a person who flies planes or helicopters
interview.
The pilot landed the plane safely.
personal details /ˈpɜːsənəl ˈdiːteɪlz/ noun
actor /ˈæktə(r)/ noun
your personal details are facts about you, like your
name, age, and address an actor is a person who acts in plays, films or on TV
I have to complete the form with my personal details. The famous actor is in that film. | The actor has to
learn his lines for the play.
explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ noun
farmer /ˈfɑː(r)mə(r)/ noun
an explorer is a person who travels around the
world to find or see new things a farmer is a person who grows plants or raises
animals for food
An explorer likes to travel to different places to find
new things. | She is a brave explorer. The farmer looks after different types of animals.
| The farmer grows a lot of food.
verb: explore
We can explore the history of this art. | Let’s explore shop assistant /ʃɒp əˈsɪstənt/ noun
the cave. a shop assistant is a person who works in a shop
and helps customers
office worker /ˈɒfɪs ˈwɜːkə/ noun
The shop assistant helped the man find the products
an office worker is a person who works at a desk
he was looking for in the shop.
and uses a computer
An office worker works with documents and files. engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ noun
| Office workers sometimes take notes during an engineer is a person who designs or builds things
meetings. | Office workers talk with others by like buildings and bridges
telephone. We need an engineer to make sure that the building
will be strong enough to stand.
LEARNING 1 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ verb PAGE 14

if you celebrate something, you have a party or
event to show it is important photography /fəˈtɒgrəfi/ noun
celebrate a birthday | For my birthday, I want to go to photography is taking photos
a restaurant for a meal. He is interested in photography. | She studies
photography. | They sell cameras and do photography.
fact /fækt/ noun
a fact is something that is true for everyone introduction /ɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/ noun
as a matter of fact an introduction is what you tell someone about
yourself when you meet for the first time
It is a fact that some animals are more dangerous
than others. In their introduction, the girls learned that they have
the same name.
opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ noun
an opinion is something that you believe or think, interest /ˈɪntrəst/ noun
but it is not true for everyone your interests are things you enjoy doing or talking
about
It is OK if your opinion is different to your friend’s
opinion. to lose interest
Her interests are reading and swimming.
industry /ˈɪndəstri/ noun
an industry is a number of businesses that do or
make the same thing PAGE 15
a booming industry occupation /ˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən/ noun
The tourism industry uses things that tourists would your occupation is your job
enjoy in the country to invite them to visit.
To write stories is her job. She is a writer by
occupation.
PAGE 13 home country /həʊm ˈkʌntrɪ/ noun
service jobs /ˈsɜː(r)vɪs ˈdʒɒbz/ noun your home country is the country you grew up in
service jobs are jobs where people do things for Her visit to another country was Sarah’s first time
other people outside her home country.
Doctors, nurses, and teachers all do service jobs. adventurer /ædˈventʃərə(r)/ noun
product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ noun an adventurer is a person who enjoys doing brave
a product is a thing that a company makes and sells things
You can buy some products online. The adventurer is always looking for something new
to do.
teacher /tiːtʃə(r)/ noun
noun: adventure
a teacher is a person who gives lessons at school
An adventure is something new and exciting.
A teacher can teach children or adults. | A teacher
teaches new information to someone.
PAGE 16
footballer /ˈfʊtbɔːlə(r)/ noun
a footballer is a person who plays football as their Mexican /ˈmeksɪkən/ adjective
job a Mexican person or thing comes from Mexico
A footballer has to train hard and become fit to do Mexican food is spicy.
their job.
Russian /ˈrʌʃən/ adjective
noun: football a Russian person or thing comes from Russia
vlogger /ˈvlɒɡə(r)/ noun Russian winters have a lot of snow.
a vlogger is a person who records videos to put
Brazilian /brəˈzɪliən/ adjective
online
a Brazilian person comes from Brazil
I have seen some of the vlogger’s videos on the
internet. | The vlogger recorded an interview with the Brazilian soccer players are very good.
athlete.
2 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

Italian /ɪˈtæliən/ adjective biologist /baiˈɑlədʒɪst/ noun

an Italian person or thing comes from Italy a biologist is a person who studies plants and
Pizza and pasta are Italian dishes. animals
The biologist studies the cells of the plant.
Spanish /sˈpænɪʃ/ adjective
a Spanish person or thing comes from Spain fish farmer /fɪʃ ˈfɑːmə/ noun
Madrid is the Spanish capital city. a fish farmer is a farmer who keeps and grows fish
to sell
Turkish /tɜː(r)kɪʃ/ adjective
The fish farmer has many types of fish in his farms.
a Turkish person or thing comes from Turkey
I like to eat Turkish sweets. home town /ˈhəʊmˌtaʊn/ noun
your home town is the town where you grew up
Chinese /ˌtʃaɪˈniːz/ adjective
I went back to my home town after six years.
a Chinese person or thing comes from China
She knows a lot about Chinese history.
PAGE 17
Japanese /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/ adjective
a Japanese person or thing comes from Japan waiter /ˈweɪtə(r)/ noun
Some Japanese foods are raw fish. a waiter is a person who serves food and drinks at a
restaurant
Czech /tʃek/ adjective
The waiter brought the menu so that we could
a Czech person or thing comes from the Czech
decide what we wanted to eat.
Republic
Czech people enjoy art. son /sʌn/ noun
a son is a male child
Dutch /dʌtʃ/ adjective
like father, like son
a Dutch person or thing comes from the Netherlands
Amil’s son came first in the school race.
the biggest Dutch city is Amsterdam
daughter /ˈdɔːtə(r)/ noun
Omani /əʊˈmɑːnɪ/ adjective
a daughter is a female child
an Omani person or thing comes from Oman
The Omani ruler is called a sultan. Their daughter is their oldest child.
brother /ˈbrʌðə(r)/ noun
Emirati /emɪˈrɑːti/ adjective
an Emirati person or thing comes from the United a brother is a male sibling
Arab Emirates (UAE) Jo’s brother is taller than she is.
Abu Dhabi is an Emirati city. sister /ˈsɪstə(r)/ noun
continuously /kənˈtɪnjuəslɪ/ adverb a sister is a female sibling
when you do something continuously it means you Jo’s sister is the youngest child.
do it without stopping friends /frɛndz/ noun
The machine is working continuously. your friends are people you enjoy spending time
verb: continue with who is not family
I will continue to give my best in school. I invited some of my friends for dinner. | Good friends
can be like family.
mother /mʌðə(r)/ noun
a mother is a female parent family /ˈfæmɪli/ noun
I got my name from my mother. | My mother is your family is the people who you are related to
married to my father. Your mother, father, brother and sister are all part of
your family.
father /fɑːðə(r)/ noun
a father is a male parent cousin /ˈkʌzən/ noun
like father, like son a cousin is the child of an aunt or uncle
My father is married to my mother. | My father Your cousin is part of your family. | Your cousin can
taught me how to ride a bike. be a boy or a girl.

PAGE 18 PAGE 20
needs /niːdz/ noun sign up /saɪn ʌp/ phrasal verb
your needs are things that are important for you to live to sign up for something means you join a group or
One of the needs of humans is fresh water to drink. club
The girl wanted to sign up for football lessons.
goals /gəʊlz/ noun
your goals are the things you want to do online profile /ˌɒnˈlaɪn ˈproʊfaɪl/ noun
We have to work hard to reach our goals. an online profile is information about you that you
use on the internet
manager /ˈmænɪdʒə(r)/ noun
You have to make sure that your online profile is safe.
a manager is a person who is in charge of people at
work account /əˈkaʊnt/ noun
The manager is kind to everyone in the office. an account shows that you have joined a group or
club
cool /kuːl/ adjective
Tina opened an account on an online site.
someone who is cool is stylish and fashionable
My friend looks cool in her new sunglasses. first name /fɜː(r)st neɪm/ noun
your first name is the name that you were given at
confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ noun birth
someone who is confident is sure about themselves
Your first name is what people call you.
I am confident that our team will win.
last name /lɑːst neɪm/ noun
culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/ noun your last name is your family name
culture is how a group of people speak and live
Write your last name first and then your given name.
We studied different cultures when we travelled.
| My boyfriend comes from a different culture to me. terms of service /tɜːmz əv ˈsɜː(r)vɪs/ noun
the terms of service are the rules that are used in
travel /ˈtrævəl/ verb an agreement
if you travel, you go to different places
Before you sign, make sure you know the terms of
Peter likes to travel to different countries. service.
marketing /ˈmɑː(r)kɪtɪŋ/ noun
PAGE 19 marketing is advertising and selling things
questionnaire /ˌkwestʃəˈneə®/ noun If the company wants to sell their products, they have
a questionnaire is a list of questions that you to make sure that the marketing is good.
answer about yourself
Please fill in the questionnaire while you are waiting. PAGE 21
| a questionnaire about the food you enjoy
given name /ˈgɪvən neɪm/ noun
chat online /tʃæt ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ phrasal verb your given name is the same as your first name
if you chat online, you talk to people on the internet
Your given name is the same as your first name.
People prefer to chat online instead of meeting in
person. surname /ˈsɜː(r)neɪm/ noun
your surname is your family name or your last name
colleagues /ˈkɒliːg/ noun
I have the same surname as my brother and sister.
your colleagues are people you work with
All the people at the office are my colleagues. dentist /ˈdentɪst/ noun
a dentist is a doctor who looks at your teeth
British /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ adjective
When he broke his tooth, he had to go to the
a British person or thing comes from Britain
dentist.
He lives in Italy but has British nationality.
American /əˈmerɪkən/ adjective
an American person or thing comes from America
He is a famous American actor.

2 People in my life
PAGE 23 follow /ˈfɒləʊ/ noun
a follow on social media means that you want to see
active listener /ˈæktɪv ˈlɪs(ə)nə/ noun more from that person
an active listener is someone who listens to Teenagers follow celebrities on social media to see
understand what they are doing.
Doctors have to be good active listeners.
add friend /æd frend/ verb
relationship /rɪˈleɪʃ(ə)nʃɪp/ noun an add friend on social media is when you add
a relationship is a link between two people someone to your list of friends so that you can see
She has a very close relationship with her mother. more about them
café /ˈkæfeɪ/ noun When Andrew met the new boy in his class, he
a café is a coffee shop added him as a friend on social media.
Janet went to the café to get some coffee. unfollow /ʌnˈfɒləʊ/ verb
if you unfollow someone, you stop seeing their
social media /ˈsəʊʃ(ə)lmiːdiə/ noun
activity on social media
social media is where people talk to friends and
share things with each other Jeff did not want to see any of the artist’s posts on
social media anymore, so he decided to unfollow him.
Sarah likes to chat to her friends on social media.
unfriend /ʌnˈfrend/ verb
post /ˈpəʊst/ verb
if you unfriend someone, they stop being in your
if you post something online, you put it on social
contacts on social media
media
Don’t unfriend someone on social media when you
Ross posted some photos of his trip on his social
are sad about something they did.
media.
friendship /ˈfren(d)ʃɪp/ noun
selfie /ˈselfɪ/ noun
a friendship is what happens when you are friends
a selfie is a photo you take of yourself
with someone
She took a selfie because there was no one to take a
Their friendship goes back to when they were in
photo of her.
primary school.
contact /ˈkɒntækt/ noun
a contact is a person you know PAGE 25
Jane asked her contact to get tickets for the concert.
history /ˈhɪst(ə)rɪ/ noun
chat /tʃæt/ verb
a history is past times that you had together
if you chat, you talk to someone in a friendly way
We are friends because we have a history together.
I had a long chat with her about our favourite colours.
favourite /ˈfeɪv(ə)rɪt/ adjective
website /ˈwebsaɪt/ noun
your favourite is something that you like best
a website is a place on the internet that has
information I wear this dress often because it is my favourite.
For more information, please visit our website. band /bænd/ noun
like /laɪk/ noun a band is a group of people who play music together
a like on social media shows that you enjoy The drum player hurt his hand, but he still played
something because he did not want to let his band down.
Susan was pleased to see how many likes her photo
got on social media.

concert /ˈkɒnsət/ noun technique /tekˈniːk/ noun

a concert is where people go to watch and listen to a technique is a way of doing something
bands playing music It helps to use this technique to fold your shirt.
I want to go to the concert where my favourite band
is playing. PAGE 27
grandfather /ˈɡræn(d)fɑːðə/ noun
a grandfather is a male grandparent uncle /ˈʌŋk(ə)l/ noun
an uncle is the brother of a parent
My grandfather spoils me because my mother is their
only child. My uncle is my cousin’s father.
grandmother /ˈɡræn(d)mʌðə/ noun parent /ˈpeər(ə)nt/ noun

a grandmother is a female grandparent a parent is a mother or father
My grandmother is living with us at home. It can be difficult to be a good parent.
husband /ˈhʌzbənd/ noun dinner /ˈdɪnə/ noun

a husband is a man that someone is married to dinner is the big evening meal of the day
Her husband works away from home a lot. I am very hungry because I didn’t have any dinner.
wife /waɪf/ noun grandparent /ˈɡræn(d)peər(ə)nt/ noun

a wife is a woman that someone is married to a grandparent is a grandmother or grandfather
Their house is full of art because his wife is an artist. They do not see their grandparents often as they live
far away.
support system /səˈpɔːt ˈsɪstəm/ noun
a support system is a person or people who look aunt /ɑːnt/ noun
after you an aunt is the sister of a parent
After the accident Sarah’s support sytem helped her My aunt is my mother’s younger sister.
to do her shopping. thank-you card /θæŋk jʊ kɑːd/ noun
fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ adjective a thank-you card is a card that you give someone
someone or something is fantastic if they are very with words to thank them
good or great When I was better, I wrote a thank-you card to thank
We went to the beach because the weather was my colleagues for the flowers.
fantastic. market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ noun
partner /ˈpɑːtnə/ noun a market is a place where people buy and sell food
a partner is someone who works with you or lives and other products
with you The chef went to the market to find fresh fruit and
His business does very well, so he will need to get a vegetables for his kitchen.
partner. tourism /ˈtʊərɪz(ə)m/ noun
dig /dɪɡ/ verb tourism is the business of looking after people who
you dig when you make holes in the ground visit a place
The adventurer is digging around the temple hoping Showing people the old buildings in the city is part of
to find interesting things. its tourism.
tourist
rock /rɒk/ noun
The tourist wanted to see everything about the
if you say that someone is your rock, it means they
history of the city.
are strong and help you
When she lost her job, her friend was her rock. jumper /ˈdʒʌmpə/ noun
a jumper is something warm that you wear over a
incredible /ɪnˈkredɪb(ə)l/ adjective shirt
if someone is incredible, they are very good at what
It was a little cold in the morning, so Lily decided to
they do
wear a jumper.
When the hiker reached the top of the mountain, she
saw an incredible view.

gloves /ɡlʌvz/ noun bored /bɔːd/ adjective

gloves are warm clothes for your hands if you are bored you feel like you have nothing to do
My gloves protected my hands when we went a little bored
outside to play in the snow. The children are bored because they cannot play
socks /sɒks/ noun outside.
socks are warm clothes for your feet boring
You must make sure that your socks have no holes in The students all thought that the show was boring.
them before you put on your shoes. upset /ʌpˈset/ adjective
scarf /skɑːf/ noun if you are upset you are not happy about something
a scarf is something warm that you wear around The boy was upset because his car toy was broken.
your neck interactions /ˌɪntərˈækʃ(ə)nz/ noun
To keep the wind from blowing in her neck, Libby put interactions are when people get together and talk
on a warm scarf. to each other
cap /kæp/ noun I enjoy the interactions I have with my colleagues.
a cap is a kind of hat that keeps the sun from your drama /ˈdrɑːmə/ noun
face drama is the study or art of acting
He couldn’t see anything, so he lifted his cap a little The student likes acting, so he decided to study
bit. drama.
tights /taɪts/ noun business /ˈbɪznəs/ noun
tights are warm socks that cover your whole legs business is when you buy or sell different things
and you wear under other clothes
Su’s business sells fresh fruit at the market.
When it is very cold, I usually put on an extra pair of
tights.
PAGE 31
glasses /ˈɡlɑːsɪz/ noun
glasses are pieces of glass in a frame that you wear interrupt /ɪntəˈrʌpt/ verb
over your eyes to help you see better when you interrupt someone, you speak while they
The woman’s glasses are broken, so she struggles to are speaking
read. Sorry to interrupt you, but I have important news to
sunglasses /ˈsʌnɡlɑːsɪz/ noun share with you.
sunglasses are dark pieces of glass in a frame that college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ noun
you wear over your eyes to see better in the sun college is a place people go to study before getting
The sun was too bright, so I put on my sunglasses to a job
see better. Did college prepare you for the job that you’re
necklace /ˈnekləs/ noun doing?
a necklace is jewellery that you wear around your drama club /ˈdrɑːmə klʌb/ noun
neck a drama club is where a group of people who enjoy
Her husband gave her a necklace for her birthday. acting get together to practise or talk about acting
happy /ˈhæpɪ/ adjective The actors are all part of the drama club.
if you are happy you feel great awards /əˈwɔːdz/ noun
The little girl is so happy, she cannot stop singing. awards are prizes
excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adjective The hard-working student received many awards.
if you are excited about something, you cannot wait full-time /fʊl ˈtaɪm/ adjective
for it to happen work that is full-time is work that takes up a full day
The students are very excited about the school trip. She works full-time and has two kids.

advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪzm(ə)nt/ noun

an advertisement is something that shows people
good things about a product and makes them want
to buy it
When he saw the advertisement, he wanted to buy
the product.
meme /miːm/ noun
a meme is a joke or funny picture that is shared a lot
on the internet
The meme explained exactly how tired she felt.
news /njuːz/ noun
news is new information about something that has
happened
I watch the news every day to make sure I know
what is happening in the world.
hashtag /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/ noun
a hashtag is the # symbol that comes before words
that give an idea of what the post is about
All the guests added hashtags to their photos to
combine them all together.
day off /deɪ ɒf/ noun
a day off is a day that you do not go to work
After I worked hard for a few weeks, I decided to
take the day off.

3 Free time
PAGE 35 read books /riːd bʊks/ phrasal verb
if you read books, you read the words in the books
free time /friː taɪm/ noun If you want to know more about the world, you can
free time is time you can spend doing something read books.
you enjoy
shop online /ʃɒp ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ phrasal verb
In my free time, I like to read books.
if you shop online, you look at shops on the internet
podcast /ˈpɒdkɑːst/ noun and choose what to buy and then pay for the
a podcast is a recorded show that you listen to on products to come to your home
the internet The shop did not have what I was looking for, so I
You can listen to a few podcasts to get advice on shopped online.
how to add colour to your hair.
watch TV /wɒtʃ ˌtiː ˈviː/ phrasal verb
if you watch TV, you watch a show on a TV or the
PAGE 36 internet
check social media /tʃek ˌsəʊʃəl ˈmiːdiə/ collocation Peter likes to watch TV before he goes to bed every
night.
if you check social media, you go online to see
what your friends have posted on social media work in the garden /wɜː(r)k ɪn ðə ˈɡɑː(r)d(ə)n/
It isn’t good to check your social media so much. phrasal verb
if you work in the garden, you plant plants or take
spend time /spend taɪm/ phrasal verb
care of the plants in your garden
if you spend time, you use time to do something
To relax, I like to work in the garden, planting new
The two friends like to spend time together. seeds.
cook /kʊk/ verb Generation X /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃ(ə)n eks/ noun
if you cook, you make food and heat it Generation X is the group of people who were born
I would like to cook you my favourite dish. in the 1960s and 1970s
exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz/ verb Generation X is the first generation to use computers.
if you exercise, you do sports to keep strong and Generation Y /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃ(ə)n waɪ/ noun
healthy Generation Y is the group of people who were born
To stay fit, you have to excercise often. in the 1980s and early 1990s
listen to music /ˈlɪs(ə)n tuː ˈmjuːzɪk/ phrasal verb Generation Y is also called Millenials.
if you listen to music, you put music on so that you Generation Z /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃ(ə)n zed/ noun
can hear it Generation Z is the group of people who were born
I listen to music when cooking. in the late 1990s up to 2012
play sports /pleɪ spɔːts/ phrasal verb Generation Z grew up with technology and are
if you play sports, you take part in a sport or game sometimes called Zoomers.
She likes to play sports such as football and volleyball. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ noun
play video games /pleɪ ˌvi.de.oˈɡɛjmz/ phrasal verb a generation is a group of people who are almost
if you play video games, you play a game on the the same age
internet or a phone or computer Your actions can show your generation.
It isn’t good for your eyes to play video games for too
long.

PAGE 37 snowboarding noun
snowboarding is when you ride down a snowy hill
popular /ˈpɒpjʊlə(r)/ adjective on a board
if something is popular, then many people like it After it snowed, we waited a few days before we
This drink is popular because it has a great taste. went snowboarding.
PAGE 38 PAGE 39
relax /rɪˈlæks/ verb mountain biking /ˈmaʊntɪn ˌbaɪkɪŋ/ noun
if you relax, you are resting and not busy mountain biking is an activity where you ride on a
Going for a walk helps Micah to relax. bike in the wild
musical instrument /ˈmjuːzɪk(ə)l ˈɪnstrʊmənt/ noun The adventurer went mountain biking in a forest with
a musical instrument is something that you play lots of narrow roads.
music with rock music /rɒk ˈmjuːzɪk/ noun
The musical instrument I can play is the piano. rock music is music that is not calm
always /ˈɔːlweɪz/ adverb The teenagers like to listen to rock music and sing
something that you always do is something you do with the songs.
all the time or every time
Are you always late for class, or did something PAGE 40
happen this morning?
the gym /ðə dʒɪm/ noun
never /ˈnevə(r)/ adverb the gym is a place you go to to do exercise on
something that you never do is something you do machines or in classes
not ever do To get fit, you can to go to the gym.
My mum hates chocolate, she never eats it.
team sports /tiːm spɔː(r)ts/ noun
not often /nɒt ˈɒf(ə)n/ adverb team sports are games that you play with other
something you do not often is something you do a people
few times, but not many I prefer to act in plays, rather than take part in team
I do not often eat strange food, but last night, I ate sports.
snails!
a run /eɪ rʌn/ noun
not usually /nɒt ˈjuːʒʊəli/ adverb a run is an activity where you run for exercise
something that you do not usually do is something To clear my head, I went for a long run.
that you may have done once or twice
I do not usually speak to strange people, but she clothes /kləʊðz/ noun
looked like she was really lonely. you wear clothes on your body to keep you covered
and warm
often /ˈɒf(ə)n/ adverb
It is important to wear the right clothes every season.
something that you do often is something that you
do many times dishes /ˈdɪʃɪz/ noun
I often like to walk to the shop to buy the newspaper. dishes are the plates and bowls that you serve food
and eat on
sometimes /ˈsʌmtaɪmz/ adverb
After dinner, would you please help me to wash the
something that you do sometimes is something that dishes?
you do a few times
Sometimes when it rains, Sarah likes to dance in the expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adjective
rain. if something is expensive then it costs a lot of
money
usually /ˈjuːʒʊəli/ adverb
I will never be able to buy that expensive jumper.
something that you usually do is something that you
do often or most of the time
Carol usuallly enjoys a snack before she goes to bed.

PAGE 41 exclamation mark /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n mɑː(r)k/ noun

an exclamation mark comes at the end of a
tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ adjective sentence and shows that the speaker is excited or
if a house is tidy it is neat and things have been put speaking loudly
where they belong The exclamation mark at the end of the sentence
Before the guests arrived, Andrew had to make sure showed that her voice was loud.
that his house was tidy.
emoji /ɪˈməʊdʒi/ noun
Monday /ˈmʌndeɪ/ noun an emoji is a small picture of a face showing how
Monday is the day of the week after Sunday you feel
Blue Monday To show that I love you, I am ading a heart emoji at
Sometimes it is difficult to go to work on Monday the end of my message.
after the weekend. question mark /ˈkwestʃ(ə)n mɑː(r)k/ noun
Tuesday /ˈtjuːzdeɪ/ noun a question mark comes at the end of a sentence
Tuesday is the day of the week after Monday and shows that the sentence is a question
On Tuesday, I usually clean my room. By looking at the question mark, I can see that you
are asking a question.
Wednesday /ˈwenzdeɪ/ noun
Wednesday is the day of the week after Tuesday hugs and kisses /hʌɡz ən ˈkɪsɪz/ noun
Wednesday is the middle of the week. hugs and kisses are a way to end a message to say
that you are sending the other person love
Thursday /ˈθɜː(r)zdeɪ/ noun
I ended my message to my grandmother with lots of
Thursday is the day of the week after Wednesday
hugs and kisses.
On Thursday, my friends always come for a visit.
LOL /lɔl/
Friday /ˈfraɪdeɪ/ noun LOL are letters that stand for Laugh Out Loud
Friday is the day of the week after Thursday
When the cat jumped off the table, I posted a photo
On Friday, we are excited about the weekend. with LOL.
Saturday /ˈsætə(r)deɪ/ noun shout /ʃaʊt/ verb
Saturday is the day of the week after Friday when you shout you are talking with a loud voice,
We usually do something fun on a Saturday. to make someone listen or to show you are angry or
Sunday /ˈsʌndeɪ/ noun very happy
Sunday is the day of the week after Saturday When Nicky wanted to call his brother, he had to
Sunday is the last day of the weekend. shout because he could not hear him.
PAGE 42 PAGE 43
message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ verb haha /ˈhɑːhɑː/

to message somebody is to send them a note or haha is a way of showing that you are laughing in a
short letter on a computer or smartphone message
Please send her a short message for her birthday. To show the people that he was laughing, George
added haha to his social media post.
app /æp/ noun
group chat /ɡruːp tʃæt/ noun
an app is a programme on a cellphone or tablet
a group chat is an online conversation between a
If you want to use that app, you have to download it
group of people
first.
Our class decided to have a group chat to discuss our
capital letter /ˈkæpɪt(ə)l ˈletə(r)/ noun project.
a capital letter is a letter of the alphabet that is big
and used to start a sentence or name
Every new sentence starts with a capital letter.

reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ verb evening /ˈiːvnɪŋ/ noun

when you reply, you are sending a message the evening is the end of the day, just before night
answering someone else’s message When the sun sets in the evening, the weather starts
Please reply whether you will be able to come to my to get colder.
party.
smartphone /ˈsmɑː(r)tˌfəʊn/ noun PAGE 45
a smartphone is a cellphone that can use the
internet and has different apps Dear /dɪə(r)/
Dear is a way to greet somebody at the beginning of
I use my smartphone to call my friends and to take
a letter
beautiful photos.
I started the letter to my mother with “Dear mother”.
GIF /dʒɪf/ noun
a GIF is a picture that moves for a short time Best wishes /best ˈwɪʃɪz/
Best wishes is a way to greet somebody at the end
I did not know how to reply, so I used a funny GIF.
of a letter
upset /ʌpˈset/ adjective To make sure that my letter was polite, I ended it
if you are upset, you are unhappy with “Best wishes”.
I hope you weren’t upset with the bad news.
Best regards/Kind regards /best rɪˈɡɑː(r)dz/ kaɪnd
style /staɪl/ noun rɪˈɡɑː(r)dz/
your style is the way you do things Best regards/Kind regards are greetings used at
The way he wears his clothes is part of his style. the end of a letter
“Kind regards” is a good way to end an email to a
PAGE 44 colleague.
Take care /teɪk keə(r)/
piano /piˈænəʊ/ noun Take care is a friendly greeting used at the end of a
a piano is a large musical intrument that you sit in letter
front of and play by pressing black and white keys
To make sure that my letter was polite, I ended it
Playing soft music on the piano helps her to relax. with “Take care”.
swimming /ˈswɪmɪŋ/ noun beginner class /bɪˈɡɪnə(r) klɑːs/ noun
swimming is a sport where you move your body a beginner class is a lesson for someone who is just
through water learning something
The water is too cold for swimming. I haven’t done this before, so I need to take the
dance /dɑːns/ noun beginner class.
dance is when you move your body to music greeting /ˈɡriːtɪŋ/ noun
When music starts playing, they will start the dance. a greeting is a short thing that you say when you
salsa /ˈsælsə/ noun first meet someone or when you are starting or
salsa is a type of dance where two people dance ending a letter
together Remember to end your email with a friendly greeting.
The Cuban dancers showed us how to dance salsa.

4 Homes
PAGE 47 tunnel /ˈtʌn(ə)l/ noun
a tunnel is a road or path that goes underground or
misunderstanding /ˌmɪsʌndə(r)ˈstændɪŋ/ noun through a mountain
a misunderstanding is a time when someone does You can either go over the bridge or use the tunnel
not understand a message from someone else to get to the other side.
To avoid any misunderstanding, please make sure
reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ verb
that you give clear instructions.
if you reduce something, you make it less or smaller
specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adjective To take care of nature, we have to reduce our plastic
if something is specific, it is exactly how it must be use.
I would like to have the shirt in that specific colour.
environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ noun
holiday home /ˈhɒlɪdeɪ həʊm/ noun the environment is the place in which something
a holiday home is a house that someone owns to lives
use on holiday The class have a project to help take care of the
The family often goes to their holiday home at the environment.
seaside.
highways /ˈhaɪˌweɪz/ noun
weather /ˈweðə(r)/ noun highways are wide roads that cover long distances
the weather is how it feels and looks outside, such and are sometimes called motorways
as the temperature and if it is sunny or windy or rainy If you take the highways, you will get there faster.
For our trip we had to check that the weather was
cause /kɔːz/ verb
not rainy.
to cause something means to make it happen
Sitting in the sun for too long can cause sunburn.
PAGE 48
dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adjective
similar /ˈsɪmɪlə(r)/ adjective if something is dangerous it means it can cause
if two things are similar they are nearly the same harm
My friend and I ordered similar dishes at he It is dangerous to take a selfie on the top of a bridge.
restaurant.
bridges /ˈbrɪdʒɪz/ noun
human /ˈhjuːmən/ noun bridges allow a road or path to go over another
a human is a person road, path or a river
Humans have to take care of nature. The engineer has built many bridges in his career.
connect /kəˈnekt/ verb protect /prəˈtekt/ verb
if you connect two things, you join them together if you protect something, you keep it safe
This is the bridge that connects the two roads across The mother elephant wanted to protect her baby.
the river.
respect /rɪˈspekt/ verb
adjective: connecting if you respect something, you see it as important
connecting flight
It is important that humans respect each other.
Don’t miss your connecting flight when you are on
you way home. rights /raɪts/ noun
your rights are things that you should have by law
It is one of your rights to have clean drinking water.

lake /leɪk/ noun traffic /ˈtræfɪk/ noun

a lake is a large area of water with land around it traffic is the amount of cars, buses and bikes on the
We had a picnic under the trees at the lake. roads
She does not like waiting in the city’s afternoon
hill /hɪl/ noun
traffic.
a hill is a piece of land that is higher than the land
around it danger /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ noun
The house is built at the top of the hill. danger is when harm or death is possible or likely
The wild animal is a danger to people.
mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ noun
a mountain is very high land that stands out above hundreds /ˈhʌndrəds/ noun
the ground hundreds is a large number, or many
To climb that mountain, you will need special shoes. As soon as we opened our food, hundreds of birds
wanted to have a bite as well.
park /pɑː(r)k/ noun
a park is a green area where people can exercise and together /təˈɡeðə(r)/ adverb
relax in a city things are together when they are in the same space
The children want to feed the ducks in the park. It is important to keep all the documents together.
river /ˈrɪvə(r)/ noun
a river is water that moves in one direction towards PAGE 50
the sea
scientist /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ noun
After the rain, we went for a swim in the river.
scientists are people who study science and
tree /triː/ noun everything to do with the world around us
a tree is a tall plant with leaves The scientists worked hard to find out why the
It is good excercise to climb a tree. people got sick.
neighbourhood /ˈneɪbə(r)ˌhʊd/ noun preparing /prɪˈpeə(r)ɪŋ/ verb
a neighbourhood is an area with a group of houses if you are preparing for something, you are getting
where people live ready for it
We live in a safe neighbourhood. When preparing the meat for dinner, do not use too
much salt.
PAGE 49 Mars /mɑː(r)z/ noun
Mars is the second biggest planet
probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adverb
One day, people will be able to go to Mars.
if something will probably happen, it is likely to
happen ice caves /aɪs keɪv/ noun
The clouds show that it will probably rain. an ice cave is a cave that has ice in it during the
whole year
restaurant /ˈrest(ə)rɒnt/ noun
The hikers wanted to explore the ice caves.
a restaurant is a business where people buy and eat
prepared food desert /ˈdezə(r)t/ noun
When Ali does not want to cook, he goes to a a desert is an area that does not get much rain and
restaurant for dinner. has very few plants. It is covered by sand or rocks.
The desert has many interesting animals and plants.
safe /seɪf/ adjective
a place that is safe is a place where something volcano /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ noun
dangerous will not happen a volcano is a mountain where hot rock and fire
The bank is there to keep my money safe. from inside the earth are coming out the top
The volcano on the island looks like a high mountain.
wide /waɪd/ adjective
a road that is wide is not narrow outdoors /ˌaʊtˈdɔː(r)z/ adverb
The road is wide enough for bikes as well as cars. if something is outdoors, it is outside
It is healthy to spend a lot of time outdoors.

inside /ˈɪnˌsaɪd/ adjective hall /hɔːl/ noun

if something is inside, it is in a room or building a hall is the first part of a house you walk in to
It was too cold outside, so we had to go inside. Looking at the size of the hall, it was clear that the
house was very big.
PAGE 51 lamp /læmp/ noun
a lamp is a light that stands on the floor or a table
design /dɪˈzaɪn/ verb
Put on the lamp to see where you’re going in the
if you design something, you plan how it will look dark.
and work
Who designed this car? It can drive itself! mirror /ˈmɪrə(r)/ noun
a mirror is a piece of glass that you can see yourself
discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ verb in
if you discuss something, you talk about it in detail Look in the mirror while you brush your hair to make
with other people sure that you look OK.
The teacher wanted to discuss the student’s work
with her parents. shelf /ʃelf/ noun
a shelf is a flat board fixed to the wall or inside a
develop /dɪˈveləp/ verb cupboard that you can put things on to keep them
if you develop something, you plan and make it safe
Before you start a new business, you have to develop They can’t get the books, because the shelf is too
a business plan. high.
window /ˈwɪndəʊ/ noun stairs /steəz/ noun
windows are clear sheets of glass in walls that let stairs are a set of steps that join two floors of a
light into the room building
We couldn’t see through the windows after the rain, To get to the bedrooms, you have to go up the stairs.
so we had to wash them.
flat /flæt/ noun
recycle /riːˈsaɪk(ə)l/ verb a flat is a set of rooms to live in, that is part of a
if you recycle something, you make it available to larger building
use again Their flat is on the top floor of the building.
To keep our oceans clean, we have to recycle.
arguing /ˈɑː(r).ɡju.ɪŋ/ verb PAGE 53
if you are arguing, you do not agree with somebody
The children’s arguing is waking up their baby brother. kitchen-diner /ˌkɪtʃɪnˈdaɪnə/ noun
a kitchen-diner is a room in which you prepare food
and eat it
PAGE 52
Our house is very small, so we have a kitchen-diner
carpet /ˈkɑːpɪt/ noun for cooking and eating.
a carpet is a floor covering that is made from fabric bedroom /ˈbedruːm/ noun
or wool a bedroom is a room you sleep in
When you clean up your room, make sure that you My bedroom is the last one on the left.
pick everything up off the carpet.
positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ adjective
ceiling /ˈsiːlɪŋ/ noun a positive sentence is a sentence where something
the ceiling of a room is the inside of the roof is true
The ceiling under the roof helps to keep the room ‘I enjoyed the book.’ is a positive sentence.
warm.
negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adjective
garage /ˈɡærɪdʒ/ noun a negative sentence contains the word
a garage is a part of a house where you park and “not” or “no”
leave a car ‘Do not go there!’ is a negative sentence.
To protect the car, please park it in the garage every
evening.

PAGE 54 city centre /ˈsɪti ˈsɛntə/ noun

the city centre is the part of a city which has many
direct /daɪˈrekt/ adjective offices and shops
if you are direct, you do not lie and are open My office is located in the city centre next to the
I prefer that people are direct and tell me the truth. coffee shop.
living room /ˈlɪvɪŋ ruːm/ noun
PAGE 55 a living room is a room in a house that is
comfortable to sit in
bathroom /ˈbɑːθˌruːm/ noun
Our living room did not have enough chairs, so some
a bathroom is the room in the house where people
people had to sit on the floor.
use the toilet and wash
The house has only one bathroom for everyone to comfortable /ˈkʌmftəb(ə)l/ adjective
share. if something is comfortable, it is easy to sit on and
relax
housemate /ˈhaʊsˌmeɪt/ noun
I like to sit on that sofa because it is comfortable.
a housemate is a person you live with to share costs
My housemate is very lazy, so I do all the cleaning.
PAGE 57
kitchen /ˈkɪtʃən/ noun
a kitchen is the room you use to keep and prepare top floor /tɒp flɔː(r)/ noun
food the top floor of a building is the highest floor with
The kitchen is the room in the house where we all rooms
get together to make a pizza. The view from the top floor is amazing.
garden /ˈɡɑː(r)d(ə)n/ noun amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adjective
a garden is an outside area of a house with plants if something is amazing then it is wonderful
The garden had many beautiful rose bushes. It was amazing to see so many wild animals in one
programme /ˈprəʊɡræm/ noun place.
a programme is a show on TV forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ noun
Be quiet, my favourite TV programme is about to a forest is a large area that is full of trees
start. To protect the forest, cutting down trees is no longer
possible.
PAGE 56 guest /ɡest/ noun
guests are people who are visiting or staying with
supermarket /ˈsuːpə(r)ˌmɑː(r)kɪt/ noun
someone for a short time
a supermarket is a very large shop which sells food
Our guests will start to arrive soon.
and other goods
Mateo had to go to the supermarket because they rent /rent/ verb
had no milk in the house. if you rent something, you pay to use it for a short
time
underground /ˈʌndə(r)ˌɡraʊnd/ adjective
To stay in that city, I need to rent a flat.
If something is underground, it is or it travels below
the ground
If you take an underground train, you won’t see the
city views.

5 Then and now

PAGE 59 apartment /əˈpɑː(r)tmənt/ noun
an apartment is a set of rooms to live in, that is part
perspective /pə(r)ˈspektɪv/ noun of a larger building
A different perspective is a different way of She moved from a big house to a smaller apartment.
understanding something
exact /ɪɡˈzækt/ adjective
You have to respect another person’s perspective.
if something is exact, it is just how it should be
email /ˈiːmeɪl/ noun If you want to bake your own cake, you have to
email is a way of sending messages through the make sure that you use the exact recipe.
internet
approximate /əˈprɒksɪmət/ adjective
It is easier and quicker to send an email than to send
a letter. if something is approximate, it is near the correct
number
invitation /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ noun The train’s approximate time to arrive is 10:30.
an invitation is a letter or message that asks
someone to come to something
When you have received the invitation, please reply
PAGE 61
whether you’re coming or not. Latina / Latino /læˈtiːnə/ /lætiːnoʊ/ adjective
informal /ɪnˈfɔː(r)m(ə)l/ adjective a Latina is a woman who comes from Latin America
if something is informal, it is simple and friendly a Latino is a man who comes from Latin America
The meeting will be very informal, so you can relax. My friend Felix lives in Brazil. He is a Latino boy.
event /ɪˈvent/ noun celebration /ˌseləˈbreɪʃ(ə)n/ noun
an event is something important or unusual that a celebration is a party to show that something is
happens important
This event will be one of the highlights of the year. My birthday celebration was a fun party.
new year /njuː jɪə(r)/ noun heel /hiːl/ noun
new year is the first day of a calendar year a heel is the back part of a shoe that is sometimes
Different cultures have parties to celebrate the new higher than the rest of the shoe. It is also the back
year. part of a foot
When you wear shoes with heels, it looks like you are
taller.
PAGE 60
Aztec /ˈæztek/ adjective
season /ˈsiːz(ə)n/ noun the Aztec culture came from Mexico
seasons are different times of the year which have The Aztec culture has an interesting history.
different types of weather
Maya /ˈmaɪjə/ adjective
It feels like some places have four seasons in one day.
the Maya culture is an old Mexican culture
move into verb Nature was very important to the Maya culture.
when you move into a new house, you are moving
everything you own so you can live there Spanish /ˈspænɪʃ/ adjective
After living away for so long, I can’t wait to move Spanish people or things come from Spain
into my new home. Mei is taking Spanish dance classes.

arrive /əˈraɪv/ verb science /ˈsaɪəns/ noun

if you arrive, you come to a place science is the subject where you learn about the
Please ring the doorbell when you arrive. world around us
arrival Something went wrong with my experiment in
The arrival of the plane caused a lot of noise from the science class, so it made a big mess.
waiting people. sport /spɔː(r)t/ noun
festival /ˈfestɪv(ə)l/ noun sports is the subject where you learn about activities,
a festival is a large event that celebrates a special exercises, and different sports
day or time I am not a very active person, so I don’t like sports at
The people wore bright colours to the festival. school.
colourful /ˈkʌlə(r)f(ə)l/ adjective hairdresser /ˈheə(r)ˌdresə(r)/ noun

if something is colourful, it has many different a hairdresser is a person who cuts and takes care of
colours people’s hair
The bird’s feathers are colourful. My hair was long, so I went to the hairdresser to
have it cut.
PAGE 62
PAGE 63
interested /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ adjective
if you are interested in something, you want to Canadian /kəˈneɪdiən/ adjective
spend some time on it a Canadian person or thing comes from Canada
I am reading more about their history because I’m The Canadian woman went to the States for business.
interested in it. important /ɪmˈpɔː(r)t(ə)nt/ adjective
interesting if something is important, it is something that you
If something is interesting, you want to find out more need
about it. It is important that you listen carefully to the
subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ noun instructions.
subjects are different areas to study teenager /ˈtiːnˌeɪdʒə(r)/ noun
What subjects do you study at your school? a teenager is a person from the age of 13 to 19
art /ɑː(r)t/ noun After her birthday, she could be called a teenager.
art is the subject where you learn about painting and rap /ræp/ noun
drawing rap is a type of music with a strong sound and words
I am not a very artistic person, so I don’t like art class that are spoken instead of sung
at my school. It is isn’t a good idea to listen to rap music when
geography /dʒiːˈɒɡrəfi/ noun you’re trying to work.
geography is the subject where you learn about the rock /rɒk/ noun
earth and its weather rock music is music that has a strong sound
I enjoyed learning about volcanoes in geography The dancers wanted rock music at their dance.
class.
language /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ noun PAGE 64
languages is the subject where you learn to speak
another language popular /ˈpɒpjʊlə(r)/ adjective
I study languages at school because I would like to something that is popular is liked by many people
speak different languages when I travel. The zoo is a popular place for families to go to at
weekends.
maths /mæθs/ noun
maths is the subject where you learn how to work visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə(r)/ noun
with numbers visitors are people who come to a place for a short
Maths is important because it teaches you to work time
out problems. There were many visitors at the museum on Saturday.

area /ˈeəriə/ noun old-fashioned /ˌəʊld ˈfæʃənd/ adjective

an area is a place something that is old-fashioned is from a time long
We would like to build our house in that area. ago
The furniture made the room feel very old-fashioned.
empty /ˈempti/ adjective
if something is empty, it has nothing in it quiet /ˈkwaɪət/ adjective
I am thirsty, but the water bottle is empty. something that is quiet has very little or no noise, or
no crowds
tour guide /tʊə gaɪd/ noun
Orla likes to sit in a quiet room to read.
a tour guide is a person who shows visitors around
a place and tells them about the place busy /ˈbɪzi/ adjective
We had to follow our tour guide to all the beautiful something that is busy has many people and a lot of
places. activity
I don’t want to go to the shop today. It is too busy.
PAGE 65
PAGE 66
business /ˈbɪznəs/ noun
a business is a company that does a service or buys honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adjective
and sells goods someone who is honest always tells the truth
She has business buying and selling old furniture. It is important to be honest about yourself when you
go for an interview.
modern /ˈmɒdə(r)n/ adjective
something that is modern is new honesty
Honesty is necessary when you want people to
He sold his old computer to get a modern one.
believe you.
tourist /ˈtʊərɪst/ noun
planet /ˈplænɪt/ noun
tourists are people who visit a place to relax or learn
a planet is a large, round mass of rock that moves in
about that place
space
If we go on holiday in another country, we are
The Earth is the planet that we live on.
tourists.
iceberg /ˈaɪsˌbɜː(r)ɡ/ noun
crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adjective
an iceberg is a large piece of ice that floats in the
a place that is crowded has many people in it
sea
Hugo doesn’t like crowded places. He prefers to be
The iceberg looks like a big mountain in the water.
alone.
wedding /ˈwedɪŋ/ noun
noisy /ˈnɔɪzi/ adjective
a wedding is where two people get married
something that is noisy makes or has a lot of noise
I like to go to weddings to see the beautiful clothes.
Our ears started to hurt, so we left the noisy
restaurant. behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ noun
horrible /ˈhɒrəb(ə)l/ adjective someone’s behaviour is the way they act
something that is horrible is not pleasant If your behaviour is good, we can go on a trip.
The horrible smell came from the full bins outside the judge /dʒʌdʒ/ verb
supermarket. if you judge someone, you think about how you feel
pleasant /ˈplezɛnt/ adjective about what they have done
something that is pleasant is something you can The teacher listened to the student to judge if he was
enjoy telling the truth.
The party was a pleasant surprise. rude /ruːd/ adjective
clear /klɪə(r)/ adjective if someone is rude, they are not polite and friendly
a river that is clear is clean and easy to see through The other children did not want to play with the rude
After we picked up the rubbish, the water was clear girl.
again.

unfriendly /ʌnˈfren(d)li/ adjective RSVP /ˌɑːr es viː ˈpiː/ verb

if someone is unfriendly, they do not show that if you RSVP, you are telling someone that you can or
they like you cannot come to their event
The unfriendly man did not want to help us at the Please remember to RSVP that you will be able to
cinema. come to my party.
strange /streɪndʒ/ adjective
if someone or something is strange, they do things PAGE 69
that are different than what you are used to
live music /laɪv ˈmjuːzɪk/ noun
We saw a strange animal walking in the middle of
live music is music played by a band or bands at an
the road.
event
We usually go to that café because they have live
PAGE 67 music.
separate /ˈsep(ə)rət/ adjective welcome party /ˈwelkəm ˈpɑː(r)ti/ noun
if things are separate, they are not together a welcome party is an event to show someone that
When I eat, I like to keep the food on my plate you are pleased that they are here
separate. The office held a welcome party for their new
colleagues.
fun /fʌn/ noun
having fun means enjoying something change /tʃeɪndʒ/ noun
It was fun to see the ducks go after the pieces of a change is a time when something becomes
bread we gave them. different
change of scenery
control /kənˈtrəʊl/ noun
The weather changes in every new season.
having control means knowing what will happen
and being able to make things happen request /rɪˈkwest/ noun
The pilot gave me control of the plane to fly. a request is when you ask someone for something
or to do something
reuse /riːˈjuːz/ verb
The restaurant got a request for a special dinner.
if you reuse something, you use it again after the
first time sign-off /saɪn ɒf/ noun
It is good to reuse plastic when it is possible. a sign-off is a greeting you use at the end of a
message
PAGE 68 It is important to keep the sign-off for your email
friendly and polite.
invitation card /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n kɑː(r)d/ noun
an invitation card is a card with a message asking
someone to come to something
I lost the invitation, and now I can’t remember what
time the concert starts.

6 People and places

PAGE 71 hot spring /hɒt sprɪŋ/ noun
a hot spring is warm water that comes from the
influencing (styles) /ˈɪnfluənsɪŋ/ adjective ground
if something is influencing, it changes how We enjoyed going to the spa where we could relax in
something works the warm water of the hot spring.
Suzy is very good at making friends and influencing
recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ verb
people.
if you recommend something, you say it is good for
others to see or experience it
PAGE 72 I want to read a new book. Is there anything that you
memory /ˈmem(ə)ri/ noun can recommend?
a memory is something that you remember local /ˈləʊk(ə)l/ adjective
The two friends have the same memory of the fun local people are people who live in an area and are
trip they had. not visiting it
beautiful /ˈbjuːtəf(ə)l/ adjective The best way to see a new place is to ask the local
people.
if something is beautiful, it is attractive and pleasant
to look at guide /ɡaɪd/ verb
The husband and wife looked at the beautiful sunset. if you guide someone, you are showing them around
a place you know well
beach /biːtʃ/ noun
If you come to my town for a visit, I will be your
a beach is an area of sand next to the ocean or a
guide.
lake
We would like to go to the beach for a swim when it stars (in films) /stɑːz/ verb
is a little cooler. if someone stars in films, it means they act one of
the main parts in a film
gorgeous /ˈɡɔː(r)dʒəs/ adjective
Who is the actor that stars in that new film we want
if something is gorgeous, it is very beautiful
to see?
Have you seen the gorgeous flowers in that garden?
PAGE 74
PAGE 73
typical /ˈtɪpɪk(ə)l/ adjective
special /ˈspeʃ(ə)l/ adjective
if something is typical, it is usual for that place
if something is special, it is better than normal
The rain today is typical weather for this time of the
The artist asked if I wanted anything special for the year.
painting.
foreign /ˈfɒrɪn/ adjective
holiday /ˈhɒlɪdeɪ/ noun
if something is foreign, it comes from a different
a holiday is when you travel to somewhere to relax place
or find out more about the place
When it comes to food, Liam doesn’t like to taste
After working so hard, I need a holiday. anything foreign.
wild animal /waɪld ˈænɪm(ə)l/ noun dislike /dɪsˈlaɪk/ noun
wild animals are animals that live in nature and are a dislike is a thing that you do not like
not cared for by people
I have nothing against the restaurant, but I dislike
It is important to be careful around wild animals. how long they take to prepare the food.

preference /ˈpref(ə)rəns/ noun PAGE 76

a preference is something that you would choose
before other things collocation /ˌkɒləˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ noun
When it comes to food, curries are my preference. collocations are words that are often used together
Knowing certain collocations will help you to learn a
fast food /fast fuːd/ noun
new language.
fast food is food that is prepared quickly and does
not cost much to prepare pyramid /ˈpɪrəmɪd/ noun
Fen did not want to cook dinner, so she ordered a pyramid is a large structure that looks like a
some fast food. triangle but has a square floor
The pyramids in Egypt are very big.
sweet /swiːt/ adjective
something that is sweet tastes of sugar or honey check into /tʃek ˈɪntə/ phrasal verb
I like the sweet taste of the sugar I add to my tea. if you check into a hotel, you tell them that you
have arrived and are ready for your room
dumpling /ˈdʌmplɪŋ/ noun
We were almost too late to check into the hotel on
a dumpling is a piece of dough with some fish, meat time.
or vegetables inside, and cooked
I enjoyed tasting the dumpling in the new café. sightseeing /ˈsaɪtˌsiːɪŋ/ noun
sightseeing is the activity of looking at interesting
places
PAGE 75 We want to get up early tomorrow morning for some
serving /ˈsɜː(r)vɪŋ/ noun sightseeing around the old town.
a serving is an amount of food that a person eats ticket /ˈtɪkɪt/ noun
during a meal a ticket is a small piece of paper to show that you
The stew was so good that I had to get a second have paid to do or look at something
serving. Before they let us into the museum, we had to show
instant /ˈɪnstənt/ adjective them our tickets.
if something is instant, it is quick to prepare in advance /ɪn ədˈvɑːns/ adverb
Sometimes I don’t have enough time to make real if you do something in advance, you are doing it
coffee, so I use some instant coffee instead. before it is needed
global /ˈɡləʊb(ə)l/ adjective If you pay for it in advance, you will pay less for the
if something is global, it is done throughout the product.
world by card /baɪ kɑː(r)d/ adverb
Through television, everyone now knows the global if you pay for something by card it means you use
news. your credit card instead of cash
survey /ˈsɜː(r)veɪ/ noun Jorge had no cash, so he paid the bill by card.
a survey is a collection of information or opinions temple /ˈtemp(ə)l/ noun
My boss asked me to do the survey to find out if our a temple is a structure or building almost like a
customers are happy. church
average /ˈæv(ə)rɪdʒ/ adjective They want to visit the old temple in that city.
the average is the middle amount of a list of ancient /ˈeɪnʃ(ə)nt/ adjective
numbers if something is ancient, it is very old
The average time that a dog lives is shorter than a If you go to that library, you will be able to see some
human. of the ancient books that they have.

PAGE 77 persuade /pə(r)ˈsweɪd/ verb

if you persuade someone, you are making them
guidebook /ˈɡaɪdˌbʊk/ noun choose something by giving them good reasons for it
a guidebook is a book that gives a lot of information You will never be able to persuade me to go on that
about a place roller coaster.
The guidebook that we found in our room showed
all the best places to visit.
PAGE 80
PAGE 78 must-see /ˌmʌst ˈsiː/ adjective
a must-see place is a place that is important or
change your mind /tʃeɪndʒ jə(r) maɪnd/ phrasal useful to see
verb The old buildings on that island are a must-see site.
when you change your mind, you make a different
choice than before description /dɪˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n/ noun
You can always change your mind if you want to a description of something is words that tell you
have something else to drink. what it is like
I was able to find the book, because Lucas gave me
boss /bɒs/ noun the description of how the cover looks.
a boss is the leader of a group of people
view /vjuː/ noun
The boss at that company makes sure that the people
who work for him are taken care of. a view is what you can see from somewhere
We hiked to the top of the mountain to see the
computer system /kəmˈpjuːtə(r) ˈsɪstəm/ noun beautiful view.
a computer system has steps that work together to
make the computer do something street food /striːt fuːd/ noun
The new computer system helps people to work street food is food that is prepared on the streets
faster. and is available to buy and eat there
Certain countries are famous for their delicious street
employee /ˌemplɔɪˈiː/ noun food.
an employee is someone who is paid to work for
someone else bamboo /ˌbæmˈbuː/ noun
I have been an employee at the company for ten bamboo is a type of wood that comes from a
years. bamboo plant
Bamboo is used in many modern products.
push style (of influence) /pʊʃ staɪl/ noun
the push style is a way of helping people make entertainment /ˌentə(r)ˈteɪnmənt/ noun
choices based on what you think they should do entertainment is something that gives someone
She tried to convince the people of her point of view pleasure to do or watch
with the push style of influence. I like to watch YouTube videos for entertainment.
pull style (of influence) /pʊl staɪl/ noun indie /ˈɪndi/ adjective
the pull style is a way of helping people make indie music is music made by a small company, not
choices based on what they think they should do one of the large music companies
His pull style of influence was not effective to make By listening to indie music, I know I am also
her change her mind. supporting smaller companies.
jazz /dʒæz/ adjective
PAGE 79 jazz music is a kind of music first made by African
Americans
benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ noun The piano player entertained us with some jazz
a benefit is what is good about something music.
Before I buy this product, I want to know what its
benefits are.

PAGE 81
city guide /ˈsɪti ɡaɪd/ noun
a city guide is a person who shows tourists around
The city guide told us more about what the city has
to offer.
museum /mjuːˈziːəm/ noun
a museum is a building with interesting things for
people to look at and learn about
The museum had a large number of famous
paintings.

7 Things
PAGE 83 public transport /ˈpʌblɪk ˈtrænspɔː(r)t/ noun
public transport is buses and trains that can carry
possession /pəˈzeʃ(ə)n/ noun many people at a time
a possession is something that you own Using public transport is better for the environment
When I move into my new house, I have to take all than using your own car.
my possessions.
polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adjective
if someone is polite, they speak in a way that is not
PAGE 84 rude
feature /ˈfiːtʃə(r)/ noun After her polite request, the waiter brought the girl
her meal.
a feature is a special part of something
One of the features of the car is that it runs on
electricity. PAGE 85
task /tɑːsk/ noun mobile device /ˈməʊbaɪl dɪˈvaɪs/ noun
a task is part of a job that needs to be done a mobile device is a phone that you can carry
Divide a big job into doing lots of small tasks. around with you
express /ɪkˈspres/ verb When looking for new information, you can use your
if you express something in numbers, you are giving mobile device to look on the internet.
information in numbers calendar /ˈkælɪndə(r)/ noun
Please express the information clearly. a calendar is a table that shows years, months,
weeks and days
conclusion /kənˈkluːʒ(ə)n/ noun
a conclusion is the end of something Would you please check your calendar to make sure
that you are free for the meeting?
Everyone sang the last song together at the
conclusion of the concert. address book /əˈdres bʊk/ noun
conclude an address book is a list of your contacts and their
To conclude, the reseacher gave us an example of phone numbers and addresses
how his research will work in real life. I need to get your number because I do not have it in
my address book.
tool /tuːl/ noun
a tool is something that can be used to make battery /ˈbæt(ə)ri/ noun
something a battery gives electricity to electronic equipment
To be able to fix the broken door, you need the Haru coudn’t call his mother because his phone’s
correct tool. battery was dead.
spend /spend/ verb improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ verb
if you spend time or money, you are using them to if something improves, it gets better
do something If you eat enough vegetables, your health may
Do not spend your money on things that you do not improve.
need. improvement
price /praɪs/ noun His haircut was a big improvement, and he looks
the price of something is its cost better now.
Before you buy something, make sure of its price so
that you know that you can afford it.

electronic device /ɪlekˈtrɒnɪk dɪˈvaɪs/ noun novel /ˈnɒv(ə)l/ noun

an electronic device is anything that uses electricity a novel is a made-up story that is in a book
to work I prefer reading true stories than reading a novel.
He has an electronic device for every room in the magazine /ˌmægəˈziːn/ noun
house.
a magazine is a thin book of printed pages about a
taxi /ˈtæksi/ noun certain topic
a taxi is a car with a driver that you pay to take you To relax, I like to lie on a sofa and read a magazine.
somewhere
female /ˈfiːmeɪl/ noun
When I’m in a hurry, it is quicker to take a taxi than
a female is a person or an animal that is a woman
to wait for the bus.
or girl
The female gave birth to five kittens.
PAGE 86
tennis racket /ˈtenɪs ˈrækɪt/ noun
watch /wɒtʃ/ noun a tennis racket is a piece of equipment that you
you wear a watch on your wrist to tell the time hold in your hand and use to hit tennis balls
I cannot check what time it is because my watch is I wanted to play tennis today, but my tennis racket is
broken. broken.
furniture /ˈfɜː(r)nɪtʃə(r)/ noun guitar /ɡɪˈtɑː(r)/ noun
furniture is items such as chairs, tables, and beds a guitar is a musical instrument that you hold under
that you have in your house your arm and play with your fingers on the strings
Isabella is angry because her cat played on all her The man on the stage played on his guitar while he
furniture. sang the song.
jewellery /ˈdʒuːəlri/ noun personal item /ˈpɜː(r)s(ə)nəl ˈaɪtəm/ noun
jewellery is items such as rings, necklaces and a personal item is something that belongs to you
earrings that look beautiful and can cost a lot of Please keep your personal items safe during the trip.
money
birthday /ˈbɜː(r)θdeɪ/ noun
The actor is wearing an expensive piece of jewellery a birthday is the day that you were born on, and the
in the film about a queen. same day every year after that
owner /ˈəʊnə(r)/ noun Mia baked a cake for her friend’s birthday.
the owner of something is the person it belongs to
Would you please help me to find this dog’s owner? PAGE 88
necklace /ˈnekləs/ noun
bottle of water /ˈbɒt(ə)l əv ˈwɔːtə(r)/ noun
a necklace is a piece of jewellery that you wear
around your neck a bottle of water is a bottle that you carry around
with you, with water in it to drink
Her necklace is made of gold.
When going for a hike, it is important to take a
gift /ɡɪft/ noun bottle of water with you.
a gift is something that someone gives to someone
else as a present some change/coins /sʌm tʃeɪndʒ/, /sʌm kɔɪnz/ noun
some change/coins is money in the form of coins
I hope that you like the gift I got you for your
birthday. It’s good to keep some change in your wallet just in
case you need to pay for parking.
PAGE 87 ID card /ˌaɪˈdiː kɑːd/ noun

an ID card is a card with your name and other
author /ˈɔːθə(r)/ noun details, and a photo to show who you are
an author is a person who writes books Your ID card tells everyone the most important details
I would like to meet the author of the book that I’m about yourself.
reading now.

laptop /ˈlæpˌtɒp/ noun PAGE 90

a laptop is a computer that you can carry around
with you partner /ˈpɑː(r)tnə(r)/ noun
When I want to work while I’m travelling, I just take a partner is a person who works with another
my laptop with me. person on a task
My partner had to do our project alone because I
make-up /ˈmeɪkˌʌp/ noun
was sick.
make-up is coloured powder and cream that you put
on your face to make you look different object /ˈɒbdʒekt/ noun
The actors in the show were wearing colourful an object is a thing that you can see and touch
make-up. The black object under the tree is a big rock.
snack /snæk/ noun confuse /kənˈfjuːz/ verb
a snack is a small meal that you eat between meals if something confuses you, you do not understand it
I packed a basket with snacks for our picnic. This problem in my maths test confuses me.
umbrella /ʌmˈbrɛlə/ noun surprised /səˈpɹaɪzd/ adjective
an umbrella is something that you open and hold someone who is surprised did not expect what has
over you against the rain happened to happen
I had to walk in the rain because I forgot my I was suprised when the actor started playing the
umbrella. piano.
wallet /ˈwɒlɪt/ noun uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌmftəb(ə)l/ adjective
a wallet is a small bag that holds money and credit someone who is uncomfortable does not feel happy
cards and calm
Chen had to pay for lunch because Viraj forgot his I felt uncomfortable when no one was talking to me
wallet. at the party.
tissue /ˈtɪʃuː/ noun cleaning the house /ˈkliːnɪŋ ðə haʊs/ verb
a tissue is a soft paper that you can use to wipe your if you are cleaning the house, you are tidying it and
nose taking the dirt away
I knew that the film would make me cry, but I forgot I can’t talk right now because I am cleaning the
to bring a tissue. house with my family.
earphones /ˈɪəˌfəʊnz/ noun party /ˈpɑː(r)ti/ noun
earphones are small devices that you put into your a party is something you go to that celebrates
ears and listen to sounds coming from another device something
Susan was able to listen to the music with her Did you receive the invitation to my party?
earphones.
charger /ˈtʃɑːdʒə/ noun PAGE 91
a charger is a piece of equipment that you use to
roleplay /ˈrəʊlpleɪ/ noun
give more power to a battery
a roleplay is when you act as if you are someone
You can borrow my charger to charge your phone’s
else in a different time and place
battery.
For our project, we had to do a roleplay about two
explorers talking about their trips.
PAGE 89
situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ noun
keys /kiːz/ noun a situation is something that is happening
keys are small metal objects that are used to open a It was a tough situation to get out of.
lock
joke /dʒəʊk/ noun
The door is locked, but I don’t know which of the a joke is something funny that you say
keys will open it.
Milena laughed at the joke George told her.

clap /klæp/ verb record /ˈrekɔː(r)d/ verb

if you clap, you hit your hands together to make if a camera records something, then it takes a video
a noise that it stores for you to watch
After the concert, everyone started to clap. The girl wants to record her brother’s race to watch it
again later.
fingers /ˈfɪŋɡəz/ noun
fingers are the long, thin parts of your hand weigh /weɪ/ verb
The woman is wearing a ring on each of her fingers. if something weighs an amount, that is its heaviness
Her suitcase weighs too much to take on the
chin /tʃɪn/ noun
airplane, so she has to take out a few things.
your chin is the round part of your face that stands
out below your mouth weight
The weight of the shopping bag was too heavy for
The young man had to shave the hair from his chin
the girl.
to look neat for his job interview.
SD memory card /es ˈdiː ˈmem(ə)ri kɑː(r)d/ noun
shoulder /ˈʃəʊldə(r)/ noun
an SD memory card is a small piece of plastic that is
your shoulder is the top of your arm where your
able to store pictures from a camera
neck and arms come together
All her photos are stored on the SD memory card.
To carry the bag, place it over your shoulder.
electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adjective
serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ adjective
something is electric if it uses electricity to work
something is serious if it is not funny
He uses an electric toothbrush to make sure that his
This is a serious matter, so please don’t laugh.
teeth are really clean.
(hard) case /keɪs/ noun
PAGE 92
a case is something that you use to store and carry
second-hand /ˌsɛkənd ˈhænd/ adjective something in
second-hand things are things that someone else To protect his camera, he keeps it in a hard case.
owned before you scratch /skrætʃ/ verb
When you buy any new furniture, think about a scratch is a small cut made by something
getting second-hand things.
After his phone fell on the ground, he saw the
e-reader /ˈiː ˌriːdə(r)/ noun scratch on its screen.
an e-reader is an electronic device that you can read
books on PAGE 93
She was able to read her book on her e-reader.
size /saɪz/ noun
pocket /ˈpɒkɪt/ noun
the size of something is how big it is
a pocket is a small bag made in clothing or bags
When trying on new shoes, make sure that you get
He always keeps some tissues in his pocket.
the correct size.
stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ adjective
shape /ʃeɪp/ noun
something is stylish if it looks good and is in fashion
the shape of something is its form
The model looked stylish in his new clothes.
The shape of that cloud looks like a bear.
leather /ˈleðə(r)/ noun
colour /ˈkʌlə(r)/ noun
leather is fabric made from the skin of animals
the colour of something is whether it is red, yellow,
Her shoes are made of real leather. blue, or a mixture of those
zip /zɪp/ noun Green is the girl’s favourite colour.
a zip is a device that opens and closes two parts of
material /məˈtɪəriəl/ noun
something together
material is what something is made of
To stay warm, she pulled up her jacket’s zip.
The material he used for the clothes was warm
zipped and soft.
To open the bag quickly, you have to buy a zipped bag.

condition /kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ noun

the condition of something is how it looks or works
The condition of the road is not good, so we’ll have
to drive carefully.
smartwatch /ˈsmɑː(r)tˌwɒtʃ/ noun
a smartwatch is something you wear on your wrist,
that tells the time and counts your steps and can do
other things as well
She uses her smartwatch to record her activities and
to read any message that she receives on her phone.
technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ noun
technology is the use of new scientific research to
make things
Smartphone technology changes very quickly.

8 Stories
PAGE 95 hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ noun
a hero is a person who is the main character in a
signpost (a story) /ˈsaɪnˌpəʊst/ verb story
if you signpost a story, you use words to show I did not expect that the hero was going to win the
where you are in the story trophy in the film.
To help people read the story, it is good to signpost it
international /ˌɪntə(r)ˈnæʃ(ə)nəl/ adjective
to help them find parts of the story.
if something is known internationally, it is known
online review /ˈɒnlaɪn noun throughout the world
an online review is a piece of writing that is on the If you started a new course, it is good to check
internet that tells someone’s opinion about a book or whether it is accepted internationally.
a movie
famous /ˈfeɪməs/ adjective
I like the shoes that I bought, so I’m going to write a
good online review. if someone is famous, they are known by many
people
performance /rɪˈvjuː/ noun Everyone in town went to the shopping centre to
a performance is doing a show for people who are meet the famous actor.
watching
theatre /ˈθɪətə(r)/ noun
The actor’s performance was so good, I cried when
one of the character’s died. the theatre is a building with a stage and many
chairs, where people see plays
detail /ˈdiːteɪl/ noun I prefer going to the theatre to see a show rather
details are facts about something than going the cinema.
Before I buy anything, I want to know all the details
diagram /ˈdaɪəɡræm/ noun
to make sure that I’m buying the right product.
a diagram is a drawing that gives information
When I still couldn’t understand what he meant, the
PAGE 96 architect showed me a diagram.
connect /kəˈnekt/ verb structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ noun
if you connect with someone, you like the same a structure is how something is built or made up
things and feel close to them The engineer was very sure that his structure was
Liz and Misha only just met, but they connected like strong enough.
old friends.
common /ˈkɒmən/ adjective
skim /skɪm/ verb if something is common, it happens often
if you skim a text, you read it quickly and do not Rain is common in that part of the country.
notice every word
main character /meɪn ˈkærɪktə(r)/ noun
Before reading the book, it’s a good idea to skim the
the main character in a story is the person the story
back cover to give you an idea of what the story is
is about
about.
The main character in the thriller did not convince me
comic /ˈkɒmɪk/ noun that he was innocent.
comics are pictures and words in frames that make
a story worse /wɜː(r)s/ adjective
if something is worse, then it is less good than it was
I prefer comics to books because I like the pictures in
before
the stories.
Nothing is worse than getting burned by the sun.

PAGE 97 reason /ˈriːz(ə)n/ noun

a reason is the cause of something
well-known /ˈwɛlˈnoʊn/ adjective The reason why Karl is late is because his car broke
if something is well-known, many people know it or down.
about it
feeling /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ noun
It isn’t easy getting a table at that well-known
restaurant. a feeling is how you feel
Sofi knew that she was nervous when she got a
poor /pʊə(r)/ adjective strange feeling in her stomach.
if someone is poor, they do not have much money or
many things experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ noun
We decided to help the poor family by taking them an experience is something that you do or feel
some groceries. Going to the island for holiday is an experience that
Alex won’t forget.
lazy /ˈleɪzi/ adjective
if someone is lazy, they do not want to work success /səkˈses/ noun
If you keep up being so lazy, you’re going to lose a success is when something that was hoped for
your job. happens
You’ll have to work hard if you want your business to
good luck /ˌɡʊd ˈlʌk/ noun be a success.
good luck is when good things happen without you
working for them mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ noun
Kieran’s father called him before the exam to wish a mistake is when you do something that goes wrong
him good luck. I had to say sorry because I made a mistake.
marry /ˈmæri/ verb
if you marry someone, you agree to spend the rest PAGE 98
of your life with them
village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ noun
The man asked the woman to marry him. a village is a group of houses and some businesses,
princess /ˌprɪnˈses/ noun that is smaller than a town
a princess is the daughter of a king or queen The boy was scared of the city because it was his first
Whe Abby’s father becomes king, she will be a time out of his village.
princess. traditional /trəˈdɪʃ(ə)nəl/ adjective
king /kɪŋ/ noun things are traditional if they have been done the
a king is the male ruler of a country same way for a very long time
He is the oldest child of the royal family, which means Not everyone likes traditional fruit cake, but I love it.
that he will become king. Quechua /ˈkɛtʃwə/ adjective
available /əˈveɪləb(ə)l/ adjective Quechua people are from the Andes area in
if something is available, it is able to be used or South America
bought There are more than 12 million Quechua people in
I would like to buy the red dance shoes if you have South America.
them available. fresh /freʃ/ adjective
major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ adjective something is fresh if prepared not too long ago and
if something is major, it is big and important is good to eat
The boat is preparing for a major storm by making It is better to eat fresh vegetables than old, wilted
sure everything on deck is ready. ones.
collection /kəˈlekʃ(ə)n/ noun
a collection is a group of things that are the same PAGE 99
a collection of books | a collection of stories Peruvian /pəˈruːviən/ adjective
The artist invited the group to come and see his a Peruvian person or thing comes from Peru
private collection.
The Peruvian man took me on a tour to the ancient
city.
meet /miːt/ verb interviewer /ˈɪntə(r)ˌvjuːə(r)/ noun

if you meet someone, you see and talk to them an interviewer is a person who asks someone
The two friends agreed to meet for lunch after class. questions about something they know well
The interviewer asked personal questions that the
invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ verb
young man did not want to answer.
if you invite someone, you ask them to come to your
home or an event
My house does not have a lot of space, so I can only PAGE 101
invite a small number of people at a time.
prompt /prɒmpt/ noun
start /stɑː(r)t/ verb a prompt gives an idea of what to do or say next
if something starts, it begins to happen When writing an essay, getting a prompt helps to
Before it starts snowing, make sure that you park give you an idea of how to start.
your car in a safe place
exra class /ˈekstrə klɑːs/ noun
prepare /prɪˈpeə(r)/ verb an extra class is a class you take to learn more about
if you prepare for something, you get ready for it a subject
You need a few hours to prepare that dish. Because Andrew struggles with maths, he needs an
fisherman /ˈfɪʃə(r)mən/ noun extra class.
a fisherman is someone who catches fish to eat the (day) before /ðə/ ... /bɪˈfɔː(r)/ noun
or sell the day before is the day that happened before the
The fisherman sells the fresh fish that he catches one being spoken about
every day. The accident did not happen yesterday, but the day
cancel /ˈkæns(ə)l/ verb before.
if you cancel something, you stop it from happening last (night) /lɑːst/ noun
Because of the rain, they closed the road and we had last night is the night that happened before today
to cancel our trip. Did you enjoy the show last night?
delete /dɪˈliːt/ verb two (Saturdays) ago /tuː/ ... /bɪˈfɔː(r)/ noun
if you delete something, you take it away two Saturdays ago is a Saturday two weeks ago
If you don’t want anyone to see the photo, it is best The team won the game two saturdays ago, but lost
to delete it. last Saturday.
a while ago /waɪl əˈɡəʊ/ noun
PAGE 100 a while ago was a short time ago
Because the meeting happened a while ago, they
drawing /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/ verb
couldn’t remember all the details.
if you are drawing, you are using a pen, pencil or
crayons to make a picture
In his free time, Lorenzo likes drawing with pencils. PAGE 102
painting /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/ noun attention /əˈtenʃ(ə)n/ noun
a painting is a picture that someone has made your attention is notice or interest that you give to
with paint something or someone
That painting looks almost like a real photograph. You will have to pay attention so that you can answer
nature lover /ˈneɪtʃə(r) ˈlʌvə(r)/ noun the questions.
a nature lover is a person who enjoys being outside
in nature
Because she is a nature lover, her hobby is to go
hiking in the mountains.

PAGE 103
professional /prəˈfeʃ(ə)nəl/ adjective
a person is professional if they do something to
earn money or as their job
She gets paid to write stories because she is a
professional.
storyteller /ˈstɔːriˌtelə(r)/ noun
a storyteller is a person who is very good at telling
stories
It felt like I was in the jungle because of the way the
storyteller made the story come to life.
respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ verb
if you respond to something, you react to it
Please respond to the invitation by Friday.
funny /ˈfʌni/ adjective
something is funny if it makes someone laugh
The joke was so funny that I couldn’t stop laughing.
mad /mæd/ adjective
something is mad if it is unusual or hard to believe
I couldn’t believe the amount of people that
attended that concert. It was mad!
strange /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ adjective
something is strange if it is not usual or not
expected
They did not know that the strange thing they saw
was a plane flying through the clouds.
PAGE 105
Nigerian /naɪˈdʒɪəriən/ adjective
a Nigerian person or thing comes from Nigeria
The cook made us some delicious Nigerian food.
romantic comedy /rəʊˈmæntɪk ˈkɒmədi/ noun
a romantic comedy is a funny story about people
being in love
When I want to relax, I like to watch a romantic
comedy because it wil make me laugh.
musical film /ˈmjuːzɪk(ə)l fɪlm/ noun
a musical film is a film where some of the story is
told with music
I did not know any of the songs in the musical film,
but I still wanted to sing with the characters.
fight /faɪt/ noun
a fight is where people try to hurt each other with
actions or words
The teacher had to stop the fight between the two
students before they upset each other.

9 Getting around
PAGE 106 journey /ˈdʒɜː(r)ni/ noun
a journey is travel from one place to another
metro /ˈmetrəʊ/ noun Their journey took them past mountains and many
the metro is an electric train in a city small villages.
It is faster to take the metro than going by car.
PAGE 108
PAGE 107
context /ˈkɒntekst/ noun
get(ting) around /ɡet əˈraʊnd/ phrasal verb the context of something is the situation that
if you are getting around, you are travelling in a explains it
place You cannot make a decision if you don’t know the
We have only one day in the city, so we need the context of what happened.
fastest way of getting around.
nose /nəʊz/ noun
buy a ticket /baɪ eɪ ˈtɪkɪt/ phrasal verb a nose is part of a face that sticks out and is used to
if you buy a ticket, you pay for your seat or a place smell
on public transport Because of the cold, Trish had to blow her nose often.
Remember to buy a ticket for the concert before they
ears /ɪə(r)/ noun
are sold out.
ears are the parts on the side of the face that you
ask for information /ɑːsk fɔː(r) ˌɪnfə(r)ˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ use to hear with
phrasal verb If you can’t hear properly, remove the earphones
if you ask for information, you ask a person to help from your ears.
you find something out
blind /blaɪnd/ adjective
If you are not sure how to continue, it is best to ask
for information. a person is blind if they cannot see
The blind man walks with a stick to know where he
announcement /əˈnaʊnsmənt/ noun should walk.
an announcement is something that somebody says
to a large number of people sight-impaired /saɪt ɪmˈpeə(r)d/ adjective
Listen carefully so that you do not miss the a person is sight-impaired if they cannot see well
announcement for your train. Speak loudly so that the sight-impaired woman
announce knows where you are.
The happy couple waited a few weeks before sighted /ˈsaɪtɪd/ adjective
announcing their future marriage. a person is sighted if they can see
give directions /ɡɪv daɪˈrekʃ(ə)ns/ phrasal verb Sighted people can help people who have trouble
if you give directions, you are telling someone the seeing to find their way.
way to get somewhere partially sighted /ˈpɑː(r)ʃəli ˈsaɪtɪd/ adjective
When someone is lost, give directions in a simple and a person is partially-sighted if they can see a small
clear way to help them find their way. amount
difficult /ˈdɪfɪk(ə)lt/ adjective The partially-sighted girl can only see a little bit of the
something is difficult if it is hard to do picture.
The science test was very difficult, but I think I will
pass.

smell /smel/ noun engine /ˈendʒɪn/ noun

a smell is what you can sense with your nose an engine is a machine that makes a car work
The delicious smell is coming from the restaurant My car wouldn’t start, so the mechanic told me that
across the street. the engine does not work anymore.
sound /saʊnd/ noun ability /əˈbɪləti/ noun
sounds are what you can sense with your ears an ability is a skill or something that you can do
The strange sounds you’re hearing are the cats from Some fish do not have the ability to breathe under
next door. water.
door /dɔː(r)/ noun able
a door is something that you open and close to go She will be able to finish the book tonight.
into and out of a room or building
There was a knock on the door letting us know that PAGE 110
our guests have arrived.
bicycle /ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l/ noun
a bicycle has two wheels and you move it by
PAGE 109 pushing and pulling with your feet
roof /ruːf/ noun I usually ride my bicycle to work because it is cheaper
a roof is the top part of a building that protects it than going by car.
The water on the floor is a sign that the roof has a bus /bʌs/ noun
few holes. a bus is a large car that can carry many people
touch /tʌtʃ/ verb For our road trip we hired a bus because we all
if you touch something, you feel it with your skin wanted to ride together.
Don’t touch the thorns, they will sting. car /kɑː(r)/ noun
sandwich /ˈsæn(d)wɪtʃ/ noun a car is a small machine that can carry a few people
a sandwich is a small meal made of a filling between Whenever I go to the shop with my car, Andy always
two slices of bread wants to come along.
I’m making a sandwich with bread, ham and cheese. motorbike /ˈməʊtə(r)ˌbaɪk/ noun
chips /tʃɪps/ noun a motorbike has two wheels and an engine
chips are pieces or slices of potatoes that have been The young adventurer decided to do a trip through
fried the countryside on his motorbike.
She likes to eat her chips with tomato sauce. scooter /ˈskuːtə(r)/ noun
completely /kəmˈpliːtli/ adverb a scooter is almost the same as a motorbike, but it is
smaller and goes slower
if something is completely safe, it is entirely safe, or
very safe I only use my scooter in the city because it is too slow
for longer trips.
The sign says that the roller coaster is completely safe
and that we won’t fall out of the seats. train /treɪn/ noun
complete a train runs on tracks and can carry many people or
Before you can go to the next stage, you have to goods
complete this one first. When she got to the station, she found out that she
had missed the train.
two-way /tuː weɪ/ adjective
a two-way thing works for both people or things in tram /træm/ noun
the relationship a tram runs on tracks on roads and can carry many
The sign showed that this is a two-way street and people
that cars can drive in both directions. The city has trams, which take people to where they
want to go.

underground /ˈʌndə(r)ˌɡraʊnd/ noun slow /sləʊ/ adjective

the underground is a train that has tracks under the a journey that is slow takes a long time
city The train is slow so that we can see the beautiful
Most of the big cities have an underground, which nature on the way.
takes people all over the city.
walk /ˈwɔːk/ verb PAGE 112
if you walk, you travel by taking steps
return ticket /rɪˈtɜː(r)n ˈtɪkɪt/ noun
My office is so close to my house, I only have to walk
a return ticket allows you to travel to a place and
fo a few minutes to get there.
back again
personal transport /ˈpɜː(r)s(ə)nəl ˈtrænspɔː(r)t/ noun If you want to come back, you’ll have to buy a return
personal transport is where you own and use your ticket.
own car or bicycle to move around.
offer /ˈɒfə(r)/ noun
Because the trains are not working, I have to use my
an offer is where you ask someone if they would like
personal transport to get to work.
to have something or for you to do something for
countryside /ˈkʌntriˌsaɪd/ noun them
the countryside is the area of land outside a city or The watch was too expensive so he made a lower
town offer.
When we want to get out of the busy city, we go to
request /rɪˈkwest/ noun
the countryside.
a request is where you politely ask someone for
weekend /ˌwiːkˈend/ noun something
the weekend is the part of the week in which many The singer got a request to sing a song that he was
people do not go to work not prepared for.
Are you doing anything fun this weekend?
delayed /dəˈleɪd/ adjective
if something is delayed, it is late
PAGE 111 If the train is delayed, I’m going to be late for work.
cheap /tʃiːp/ adjective ticket office /ˈtɪkɪt ˈɒfɪs/ noun
something is cheap if it does not cost a lot of money a ticket office is where you buy tickets
to buy The ticket office closed early, so I could not buy a
It isn’t always better to buy the cheap product ticket for the concert.
because it might break quickly. platform /ˈplætˌfɔː(r)m/ noun
fast /fɑːst/ adjective a platform is the part of a train station where you
something that is fast moves quickly wait to get on the train
He wasn’t interested in the slower cars; he only The platform was so crowded we could not reach the
wants to buy a fast car. train and it left without us.
good /ɡʊd/ adjective on time /ɒn taɪm/ adjective
something that is good is pleasant and not bad if something is on time, it arrives at the time it was
Peter finished the whole apple pie because it was so expected
good. I hate to miss the bus so I always make sure that I am
on time.
long /lɒŋ/ adjective
a journey that is long takes a lot of time passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə/ noun
The long journey is going to take three days. a passenger is a person who is travelling in a vehicle
but not driving it
short /ʃɔː(r)t/ adjective
I was the only passenger on the bus last night.
a journey that is short is quick
The baby’s short nap was not enough and now she is
still sleepy.

first class /fɜːst klɑːs/ adjective imperative /ɪmˈperətɪv/ noun

a ticket or seat is first class if it is more expensive an imperative is an instruction
and more comfortable The teacher gave an imperative that all the students
The first class tickets are too expensive. had to obey.
coach /kəʊtʃ/ noun cinema /ˈsɪnəmə/ noun
a coach is one of the separate parts of a train that the cinema is a place with a large screen and many
people travel in seats where people can watch movies
We went to Budapest by coach. Would you like to go to the cinema with me to see
the new film?
second class /ˈsɛkənd klɑːs/ adjective
a ticket or seat is second class if it is cheaper and hospital /ˈhɒspɪt(ə)l/ noun
not as comfortable as first class a hospital is a large building where doctors and
Even though second class tickets are a lot cheaper, it nurses treat sick people or people who got hurt
is still very comfortable. He got hurt in the accident and had to go to the
hospital.
PAGE 114
queue /kjuː/ noun
a queue is a line of people waiting for something
The queue for the tickets was so long, it went around
the street corner.
advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ noun
an advantage is a good outcome of something
Being early is an advantage at work.
normal /ˈnɔː(r)m(ə)l/ adjective
something that is normal is usual or common
Getting hungry around lunch time is normal.
embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/ adjective
something that is embarrassing makes you feel shy
After the embarrassing meeting, we have to make
sure that our work is better.
private /ˈpraɪvət/ adjective
something that is in private is done without other
people around
He did not want too many people to attend the
wedding, so he asked for a private place.
PAGE 116
subway /ˈsʌbˌweɪ/ noun
a subway is a train that travels underground
It is easy to get to the subway from anywhere in the
city.
airport /ˈeə(r)ˌpɔː(r)t/ noun
an airport is a place where planes take off and land
and where passengers can get on and off planes
We had to rush to get to the airport on time for our
flight.

10 Skills and experiences

PAGE 119 pay /peɪ/ noun
pay is the amount of money that you receive for
cause /kɔːz/ noun doing a job
the cause of something is the reason why it happens I receive my pay at the end of each month.
It looks like the cause of the accident was an animal
algae /ˈælɡiː/ noun
in the road.
algae is very small plants that grow in or near water
effect /ɪˈfekt/ noun The small fish in the lake eat the algae.
the effect is the result of something happening
The effect of the rain was that all the grass turned
green.
PAGE 121
skill /skɪl/ noun turning point /ˈtɜː(r)nɪŋ noun
a skill is something that you can do well a turning point is a time when you change your
When you go for the interview, remember to tell mind about something
them about your skills. The turning point came when my boss wanted me to
work extra hours.
sequence /ˈsiːkwəns/ noun
sequence is the order in which things happen volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ noun
The sequence of the maths problem should be a volunteer is a person who does a job they do not
correct or you won’t find the correct answer. get paid for
We need an extra volunteer to help feed the animals.
small talk /smɔːl tɔːk/ noun
small talk is a conversation where you talk about realize /ˈrɪəlaɪz/ verb
different things if you realize something, you come to an
He doesn’t like to do small talk, because he is shy understanding about it
and doesn’t know what to say. Before she realized that she would need an umbrella,
it had already started raining.
job application /dʒɒb ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ noun
realization
a job application is when you fill in forms to ask for
a job She came to the realization that her essay was too
long.
I hope that my job application is successful and that I
get the job. rainforest /ˈreɪnˌfɒrɪst/ noun
a rainforest is an area of thick forest that receives a
lot of rain
PAGE 120
The rainforest gets more rain that the desert, and
lesson /ˈles(ə)n/ noun that is why the trees are so big.
lessons are what you learn translate /trænsˈleɪt/ verb
To improve my time in the pool, I have to go for if you translate something, you tell someone in their
swimming lessons. language what is being said in another language
career /kəˈrɪə(r)/ noun The man did not speak Italian, so one of his friends
a career is the work that someone does through had to translate for him.
their life
The new job in the office is good for my career.

summer /ˈsʌmə(r)/ noun PAGE 123

summer is the season that is normally the hottest
Summer is my favourite season, because we can go snowman /ˈsnəʊmæn/ noun
to the beach and swim in the sea. a snowman is a figure of a person that you make
out of snow
winter /ˈwɪntə(r)/ noun
There was enough snow to build a snowman.
winter is the season that is normally the coldest
In some places, it snows in winter. massage /ˈmæsɑːʒ/ noun
a massage is a relaxing treatment where someone
spring /sprɪŋ/ noun rubs your muscles
spring is the season that comes before summer Her muscles are very tight, so she is going for a
In spring, all the flowers start to come out. massage.
autumn/fall /ˈɔːtəm/ /fɔːl/ noun stadium /ˈsteɪdiəm/ noun
autumn/fall is the season that comes before winter a stadium is a sports field with a large amount of
The leaves turn orange and yellow in autumn. seating so that many people can watch the sport
chemical /ˈkemɪk(ə)l/ noun being played
a chemical is a substance that is produced by a The crowd was cheering for the team in the big
reaction between substances stadium.
Some products are not good to use, because they stage /steɪdʒ/ noun
have many chemicals in them. a stage is a raised platform where people perform
chemistry Before the concert, we went on the stage to greet
Chemistry is the study of different chemicals, what the band.
they do and how they work. go camping /ɡəʊ ˈkæmpɪŋ/ phrasal verb
paper /ˈpeɪpə(r)/ noun if you go camping, you go on holiday and stay in a
a paper is an article in a scientific journal tent
The student had to do a lot of research to write the In my free time, I like to go camping in the mountains.
paper. buy /baɪ/ verb
research /ˈriːsɜː(r)tʃ/ noun if you buy something, you pay money to own it
research is very detailed study about something I’m hungry, so I’m going to go and buy some food.
The research shows that water is very healthy. open-air (cinema) /ˈəʊpən eə(r) /ˈsɪnəmə/ noun
PhD /ˌpiː eɪtʃ ˈdiː/ noun an open-air cinema is an outdoor cinema
a PhD is a doctorate, which is the highest university They packed a picnic basket to enjoy with the film at
degree you can get the open-air cinema.
After many years, the student finished his PhD lizard /ˈlɪzə(r)d/ noun
studies and is now a doctor.
a lizard is a small reptile with four legs and a tail
sample /ˈsɑːmp(ə)l/ noun The lizard lay on the rocks in the sun after the cold
a sample is a small amount of something that you night.
study
paintball /ˈpeɪntˌbɔːl/ noun
To find out where the disease comes from, the
paintball is a game where people shoot each other
scientist had to take a sample from the animal.
with small balls of paint
After the friends played paintball, they showed each
PAGE 122 other how colourful they were because of the paint.
karaoke /ˌkæriˈəʊki/ noun fly a kite /flaɪ eɪ kaɪt/ phrasal verb
karaoke is entertainment where someone chooses a if you fly a kite, you hold onto the string of a kite
song and sings to the music and let it move in the wind
For their night out, the friends decided to do The wind this afternoon will be perfect to fly a kite.
karaoke, even though they can’t sing very well.

PAGE 124 later /ˈleɪtə(r)/ adverb

if something happens later, then it happens after a
communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ verb time
if you communicate, you share information by I want to go and visit my grandmother later today.
speaking or writing
finally /ˈfaɪnəli/ adverb
If you want people to understand you, you have to
communicate clearly. if something happens finally, then it happens after
other things
creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adjective Finally, the food was ready and we could eat.
if you are creative, you are good at thinking of
original ideas
The artist is very creative and drew a picture that I
PAGE 126
wouldn’t have thought of. hobby /ˈhɒbi/ noun
decision /dɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n/ noun a hobby is an activity that you do for fun or to relax
a decision is a choice that someone makes Doing woordwork is Leon’s hobby.
We had to make a decision between pizza or pasta. health /helθ/ noun
understand /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstænd/ verb your health is how well you are
if you understand something, you know the Eating good food is important for your health.
meaning of it
politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/ noun
If you don’t understand, ask the teacher, and he will politics is the activities of the government
explain it to you.
People usually have different ideas in politics.
solve problems /sɒlv ˈprɒbləmz/ phrasal verb
social skill /ˈsəʊʃ(ə)l skɪl/ noun
if you solve problems, you find the answers to the
a social skill is a skill that someone has if they are
problems
comfortable and good at talking to other people
In maths, you solve problems to find the correct
To listen is an important social skill.
answer.
barbecue /ˈbɑː(r)bɪˌkjuː/ noun
strong /strɒŋ/ adjective
a barbecue is where food is cooked outside on a fire
someone who is strong is able to control their fears
For dinner, we cooked meat at the barbecue.
stay strong
If you are afraid of something, you have to stay
strong and finish the task. PAGE 127
sheep /ʃiːp/ noun
PAGE 125 a sheep is a farm animal that gives wool and meat
active /ˈæktɪv/ adjective The sheep’s wool keeps it warm through the cold
winters.
someone who is active, is busy with something
I like to stay active and do outdoor adventures. ship /ʃɪp/ noun
a ship is a large boat that travels on the ocean
after /ˈɑːftə(r)/ adverb
During the storm, the ship was safe in the harbour.
if something is after something, then it comes next
After dinner, we had some cake. designer /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ noun
a designer is a person who plans how something
then /ðen/ adverb
will look or work
then shows that something happens next
To make the poster look attractive, the designer used
First we’re going to the shopping centre, then we’ll different colours.
get some coffee.

t-shirt /tiʃˈʃɛrt/ noun

a t-shirt is an item of clothing that covers the top
part of your body
In the hot weather, t-shirts are the perfect clothes to
wear.
blog /blɒɡ/ noun
a blog is a website that gives someone’s thoughts or
writing
In her blog, she writes about all of her exciting
travels.
PAGE 128
position /pəˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ noun
a position is a specific job
What is your position at the company?
delivery /dɪˈlɪv(ə)ri/ noun
a delivery is where something is taken to another
place for someone
The delivery for the product I ordered will take about
two weeks.
driver /ˈdraɪvə(r)/ noun
a driver is a person who drives a vehicle
The driver’s job is to deliver all the products.
van /væn/ noun
a van is a car that has space for a lot of goods
The van is big enough to carry large products.
Cantonese /ˌkæntəˈniːz/ noun
Cantonese is a language spoken in some parts of
China
I don’t understand Cantonese, so someone will have
to translate for me.
German /ˈdʒɜː(r)mən/ noun
German is the language spoken in Germany
My pen pal Silke lives in Frankfurt and is teaching me
German.

11 Extremes
PAGE 130 fast /fɑːst/ adjective
something that is fast travels at great speed
surfer /sɜː(r)fə(r)/ noun The cheetah is a very fast animal.
a surfer is a person who rides waves on a board
heavy /ˈhevi/ adjective
The surfer likes to travel to different countries to surf
the waves. something that is heavy weighs a large amount
The elephant is a very heavy animal.
giant /ˈdʒaɪənt/ adjective
something that is giant is very large burger /ˈbɜː(r)ɡə(r)/ noun
We took a photo next to the giant tree to show how a burger is a meal with a piece of meat or other
big it is. filling between two pieces of bread
I went to the fast food restaurant to get myself a
wave /weɪv/ noun burger and chips.
a wave is raised water in the sea that moves towards
land evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt/ verb
We watched as the big waves crashed against the if you evaluate something, you judge it
rocks. Before you speak, first evaluate the situation.
recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ verb
PAGE 131 if you recognize something, it is something that
you know from before, or something that you can
extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adjective identify
something that is extreme is much more or bigger Even though they last saw their friends a long time
than the normal amount ago, it was easy to recognize them.
extreme sports recognition
The adventurer likes to do extreme sports like rock He got some recognition for all the hard work he did.
climbing.
consume /kənˈsjuːm/ verb
extremely
if you consume something, you use it or eat it
It is extremely important to follow the rules when you
visit that park. Be careful not to consume too much of the fruit at
one time.
quiz /kwɪz/ noun consumer
a quiz is a set of questions about general knowledge When owning a business, you have to make sure that
Our team won because we knew all the answers to you keep the consumers happy.
the quiz.
goods /ɡʊdz/ noun
goods are things that you own or buy
PAGE 132 Before we could get the goods, we had to pay for
world record /wɜː(r)ld ˈrekɔː(r)d/ noun them first.
a world record is the very best of something grill /ɡrɪl/ noun
The man keeps the world record for being the fastest a grill is something you use to cook food over a fire
reader in the world. The weather is nice, so we are going to cook food on
tall /tɔːl/ adjective the grill outside.
something that is tall goes very high
The trees in that forest are so tall, we cannot see
their tops.

mark /mɑː(r)k/ noun PAGE 134

if you mark something, you show that it is important
by doing something special caving /ˈkeɪvɪŋ/ noun
Remember to mark my birthday on your calendar. caving is the sport of exploring and climbing in caves
We took some really good photographs while we
boring /bɔːrɪŋ/ adjective
were caving.
something that is boring does not hold your
attention purpose /ˈpɜː(r)pəs/ noun
The children did not want to go on the trip, because something’s purpose is its reason
they thought it would be boring. What is the purpose of the clock against that wall?
deep /diːp/ adjective
PAGE 133 something that is deep goes very far down
I’m a little worried that the pool is too deep on that
transport /ˈtrænspɔː(r)t/ noun side.
transport takes people or goods to other places
scary /ˈskeəri/ adjective
It would be very difficult to transport the big piano.
something that is scary frightens you
whale /weɪl/ noun Going into the dark cave was a little scary at first.
a whale is a large sea mammal
breakfast /ˈbrekfəst/ noun
While we were swimming we saw a big whale
coming towards us. breakfast is the first meal of the day
After a good night’s sleep, I am very hungry and
krill /krɪl/ noun would like to have some breakfast now.
krill are tiny sea animals that live in very large groups
and are eaten by whales loud /laʊd/ adjective
Because of the large numbers of krill in that part of something that is loud makes a lot of noise
the ocean, a lot of whales can be seen in the area. We had to cover our ears when the boat’s horn made
a loud noise.
approximate /əˈprɒksɪmət/ adjective
a measurement that is approximate is about, but equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ noun
not exactly, that amount equipment is the tools you use to do something
You don’t have to be exact; an approximate When diving in the open sea, it is important to have
measurement will also be OK. the right equipment.
sailor /ˈseɪlə(r)/ noun
a sailor is a person who lives and works on boats PAGE 135
and ships
salesperson /ˈseɪlzˌpɜː(r)s(ə)n/ noun
The sailor’s work on the boat is to make sure that a salesperson is someone who works in a shop
everything is ready to catch the fish. selling goods
location /ləʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ noun The salesperson helped me to get the correct shoe
a location is an area or a place size.
Would you please let me know where the location of factory /ˈfæktri/ noun
the forest is. a factory is a building where goods are made
current /ˈkʌrənt/ noun What products does that factory make?
currents are movements of water
The people warned us not to swim too far because of PAGE 136
the strong currents.
occupy /ˈɒkjʊpaɪ/ verb cloudy /ˈklaʊdi/ adjective
if something is occupied, it means people are staying if it is cloudy, there are many clouds in the sky
in it Even though it was cloudy, it did not rain.
We wanted to sit at that table, but it is already
occupied.

cold /kəʊld/ adjective necessary /ˈnesəs(ə)ri/ adjective

weather that is cold has a low temperature something is necessary if it is needed
We had to put on an extra jacket for the cold Is it necessary to book a table at that restaurant?
weather. signal /ˈsɪɡn(ə)l/ noun
cool /kuːl/ adjective signals are actions that give information or a
weather that is cool has a nice low temperature message
It was only a little cool, so I took a jumper to put on The boat had to look at the signals from the
when I needed it. lighthouse to know where to go.
foggy /ˈfɒɡi/ adjective storm /stɔː(r)m/ noun
weather that is foggy has thick, low clouds a storm is a weather condition with very strong wind
It was difficult to drive in the foggy weather, so we and heavy rain
put on the car’s fog lights. The storm caused some damage to the boats.
hot /hɒt/ adjective
weather that is hot has a high temperature PAGE 138
Be careful not to go outside in the hot weather.
second language /ˈsekənd ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ noun
raining /reɪnˈɪŋ/ verb your second language is a language that you can
if it is raining, there are water drops falling from the speak but you learnt it after the language you learnt
clouds as a child
While it was raining, the children stayed inside to I am able to communicate very well in my second
draw pictures. language.
snowing /snəʊˈɪŋ/ verb
if it is snowing, there are small pieces of ice falling PAGE 140
from the clouds
It has now been snowing for three days, and the opening time /ˈəʊp(ə)nɪŋ taɪm/ noun
snow is starting to become a problem. opening time is the time that a shop or business is
available to help people
sunny /ˈsʌni/ adjective We have to go early to be at the museum at its
weather is sunny when the sun shines opening time.
Let’s go to the beach now while it is still sunny.
closing time /ˈkləʊzɪŋ taɪm/ noun
warm /wɔːm/ adjective closing time is the time when a shop or business is
weather that is warm has a nice high temperature no longer available to help people
The warm weather gave us time to go for a long We till have some time to walk around before he
walk. closing time.
windy /ˈwɪndi/ adjective recommendation /ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ noun
weather that is windy has strong winds a recommendation is a suggestion
The windy weather was perfect to fly a kite. I got a recommendation that we should visit that park.
delicious /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ adjective
PAGE 137 food is delicious if it tastes very good
temperature /ˈtemprɪtʃə(r)/ noun The cook made delicious meals for us to taste.
temperature is a measurement of how hot or cold tasty /ˈteɪsti/ adjective
something is food is tasty if it tastes good
The temperature changes from warm during the day I’ve never eaten that dish, but it is very tasty.
to cold during night time.
tasteless /ˈteɪs(t)ləs/ adjective
law /lɔː/ noun food is tasteless if it has no taste or an unpleasant
laws are rules that are made by government taste
If you visit a country, you have to obey their laws. Without salt, food is often tasteless.

horrible /ˈhɒrəb(ə)l/ adjective highchair /haɪ tʃeə(r)/ noun

something is horrible if it is really bad a highchair is a chair with straps that keep a baby
I had to drink some water to get the horrible taste safe at a table
out of my mouth. My cousin Pedro sits in a high chair when we eat our
dinner.
PAGE 141
pancake /ˈpænˌkeɪk/ noun
a pancake is a flat piece of dough that is cooked and
filled with a filling
I would like some honey with my pancake, please.
cuisine /kwɪziːn/ noun
cuisine is a style of food from a place
Have you ever tasted the cuisine from that country?
diet /ˈdaɪət/ noun
a diet is a style of food that is usually eaten by
someone
seafood diet | vegetarian diet
Certain cultures follow diets that do not have any
meat.
vegetarian /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/ noun
a vegetarian is a person who does not eat meat
I’m a vegetarian because I don’t like the taste of
meat.
wheelchair (accessible) /ˈwiːlˌtʃeə(r)/ noun
a wheelchair is a chair with wheels that a person
can use to move around in if they are unable to walk
easily. If a place is wheelchair accessible, you can
enter it with a wheelchair
Even though she is in a wheelchair, she could still go
to the park because it is wheelchair accessible.
reservation /rezə(r)veɪʃən/ noun
a reservation is when you ask a restaurant to keep a
table for you
We need to call the restaurant to make a reservation.
seating /ˈsiːtɪŋ/ noun
seating is chairs that are available for people to
sit on
Does the restaurant have enough seating for our
group?
parking /ˈpɑː(r)kɪŋ/ noun
parking is space that is available for people to leave
their cars
The parking was a problem, so we had to park at the
other side of the building.

12 The future
PAGE 142 city farm /ˈsɪti fɑː(r)m/ noun
a city farm is a small area that is used for farming in
bookshop /ˈbʊkˌʃɒp/ noun a city
a bookshop is a shop where books are sold They have a small garden and they use it as a city
I always buy many books when I visit a bookshop. farm.
flying taxi /ˈflaɪɪŋ ˈtæksi/ noun
PAGE 143 a flying taxi is a car that can fly and take passengers
around a city
present /ˈprez(ə)nt/ noun
The driver dreams about a flying taxi where he won’t
the present is the time that is happening now
have to stop at traffic lights.
Don’t worry about what is coming, just enjoy
the present. roof-top garden /ˈruːfˌtɒp ˈɡɑː(r)d(ə)n/ noun
a roof-top garden is an area of plants that are
past /pɑːst/ noun
grown on top of a building
the past is the time that has already happened
The roof-top garden has many beatiful plants that
We cannot change what happened in the past. help to make the city look greener.
future /ˈfjuːtʃə(r)/ noun high-speed /haɪ spiːd/ noun
the future is the time that is going to happen a high-speed train is a train that travels much faster
We can only guess what will happen in the future. than normal
predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ verb A high-speed train will make travelling much quicker.
if you predict something, you say that it will happen underground farm /ˈʌndə(r)ˌɡraʊnd fɑː(r)m/ noun
in the future an underground farm is an area of land that is used
You can try to predict what types of cars we’ll use n for farming under a city
the future. There was no space for growing food, so he started
mind map /maɪnd mæp/ noun an underground farm.
a mind map is a diagram that shows how different recycling /riːˈsaɪklɪŋ/ noun
ideas are linked recycling is making something available to use again
When writing an essay, it helps to put all of your Recycling plastic helps us to keep the city clean.
ideas in a mind map.
wind power /wɪnd ˈpaʊə(r)/ noun
wind power is electricity made by using the wind to
PAGE 144 drive motors
rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ noun In Scotland, wind power is used a lot for electricity.
rubbish is thrown-away waste sun power /sʌn ˈpaʊə(r)/ noun
Make sure to pick up the rubbish when you leave sun power is electricity made by using the light of
the beach. the sun
pollution /pəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ noun In places where it is cloudy for most of the day, sun
pollution is waste that remain in the air and water power would not work.
The pollution in the air is not good for the birds.

power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ noun PAGE 148

power is a form of energy that can make light
or heat soon /suːn/ adverb
People have different ideas of how to get power to if something will happen soon, it will happen in a
make their lights work. short time
Let’s make a plan to get together soon.
PAGE 145 when (I’m 60) /wen/ adverb
if something will happen when I am 60, it will
air quality /eə(r) ˈkwɒləti/ noun happen at the time that I am 60
air quality is how fresh and clean the air is When I am older, I would like to have my own
In some cities the air quality is better than in others. business.
after /ˈɑːftə(r)/ preposition
PAGE 146 if something happens after something else, it will
happen later, or once the first thing has happened
marathon /ˈmærəθ(ə)n/ noun
After cleaning the house, we were able to go out to
a marathon is a running race that is around 42 km
get some ice cream.
I trained for months to be able to do the marathon.
until /ənˈtɪl/ preposition
improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ verb
if something happens until something else, it will
if you improve something, you make it better happen up to the time of that thing
I will work hard to improve my English. We will have to wait until we hear the
project /ˈprəʊdʒekt/ noun announcement before we start moving in that
a project is an activity or work that you plan and it direction.
takes an expected amount of time in (60 years) /ɪn/ preposition
Our team is working together to complete the if something happens in an amount of time, it will
project. happen during that time
depend /dɪˈpend/ verb In 50 years, I think moving around will look a lot
if you depend on someone, you expect them to differently to now.
help you next /nekst/ adjective
We depend on everyone in the team, but now Olivia if something will happen next, it will happen after
is sick and we have to work extra to finish on time. the thing that is happening now
leave /liːv/ verb What show is up next on the TV?
if you leave something, you move away from it
To be at work on time, I have to leave home early. PAGE 149
hope /həʊp/ verb
PAGE 147
if you hope for something, you want it
gonna /ˈɡʌnə/ verb The couple hoped that they would become parents
if you are gonna do something, you are going to soon.
do it
I’m gonna work extra hard to complete the work on PAGE 150
time.
multi-tasking /ˌmʌltiˈtɑːskɪŋ/ noun
wanna /ˈwɒnə/ verb
multi-tasking is being able to do more than one
if you wanna do something, you want to do it
thing at a time
Do you wanna have lunch with me?
I am good at multi-tasking.

flexible /ˈfleksəb(ə)l/ adjective useful /ˈjuːsf(ə)l/ adjective

something that is flexible is able to change or be something that is useful is helpful to do or achieve
changed if it needs to something
To work for that company, you must be willing to When learning a new language it is useful to keep a
work flexible hours. dictionary close to you.
fixed /fɪkst/ adjective checklist /ˈtʃekˌlɪst/ noun
something that is fixed cannot change a checklist is a list of items or tasks that can be
The dates on that project are fixed. We cannot ticked off when you have them or when they are
change them. done
When we go camping, we use a checklist to make
suggestion /səˈdʒestʃ(ə)n/ noun
sure that we pack everything.
a suggestion is an idea that someone can use or
think about nervous /ˈnɜː(r)vəs/ adjective
I have a suggestion that we go out for coffee instead someone who is nervous is worried about
of staying at home. something
focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ verb Before the interview I was very nervous, but as soon
as I started talking I felt better.
if you focus on something, you give all your
attention to that thing
If you always focus on the bad things in life, you will
not be able to see the good things.
stressed /strest/ adjective
someone feels stressed if they feel out of control
and anxious about a situation
Whenever you feel stressed, take a few deep breaths
to help you feel better.
PAGE 151
disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ noun
a disadvantage is a bad outcome of something
One disadvantage of living in the countryside is that
you are not very close to any shops.
PAGE 152
primary school /ˈpraɪməri skuːl/ noun
primary school is the first school you go to when
you are a child
The young girl is now old enough to start primary
school.
PAGE 153
cycling class /ˈsaɪk(ə)lɪŋ/ noun
a cycling class is where you get lessons on riding a
bike
I take a cycling class once a week to stay fit.

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ELEMENTARY UNIT 1 Wordlist

LEARNING 1 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ verb PAGE 14

2 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

Italian /ɪˈtæliən/ adjective biologist /baiˈɑlədʒɪst/ noun

3 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

4 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

LEARNING 5 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

concert /ˈkɒnsət/ noun technique /tekˈniːk/ noun

grandmother /ˈɡræn(d)mʌðə/ noun parent /ˈpeər(ə)nt/ noun

husband /ˈhʌzbənd/ noun dinner /ˈdɪnə/ noun

wife /waɪf/ noun grandparent /ˈɡræn(d)peər(ə)nt/ noun

6 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

gloves /ɡlʌvz/ noun bored /bɔːd/ adjective

7 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪzm(ə)nt/ noun

8 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

LEARNING 9 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

10 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

PAGE 41 exclamation mark /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n mɑː(r)k/ noun

message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ verb haha /ˈhɑːhɑː/

11 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ verb evening /ˈiːvnɪŋ/ noun

12 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

LEARNING 13 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

lake /leɪk/ noun traffic /ˈtræfɪk/ noun

14 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

inside /ˈɪnˌsaɪd/ adjective hall /hɔːl/ noun

15 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

PAGE 54 city centre /ˈsɪti ˈsɛntə/ noun

16 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

5 Then and now

LEARNING 17 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

arrive /əˈraɪv/ verb science /ˈsaɪəns/ noun

colourful /ˈkʌlə(r)f(ə)l/ adjective hairdresser /ˈheə(r)ˌdresə(r)/ noun

18 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

area /ˈeəriə/ noun old-fashioned /ˌəʊld ˈfæʃənd/ adjective

19 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

unfriendly /ʌnˈfren(d)li/ adjective RSVP /ˌɑːr es viː ˈpiː/ verb

20 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

6 People and places

LEARNING 21 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

preference /ˈpref(ə)rəns/ noun PAGE 76

22 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

PAGE 77 persuade /pə(r)ˈsweɪd/ verb

23 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

24 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

LEARNING 25 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

electronic device /ɪlekˈtrɒnɪk dɪˈvaɪs/ noun novel /ˈnɒv(ə)l/ noun

PAGE 87 ID card /ˌaɪˈdiː kɑːd/ noun

26 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

laptop /ˈlæpˌtɒp/ noun PAGE 90

27 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

clap /klæp/ verb record /ˈrekɔː(r)d/ verb

28 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

condition /kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ noun

29 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.

LEARNING 30 © Cengαge Leαrning, Inc.