fm PRACTICE TEST 2: LISTENING LISTENING Gi) SECTION 1 Questions 1-10 Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ANDIOR A NUMBER for each answer, Running club application Example Name: Grace (0) . Per Year of birth: 1 Address: 63 2. ...Road How do we say Phone number: 3 © hone numbers in Email: gtaylor@[Link] Enallsh? Profession: 4 Health and Fitness Group interested Other sports: 6... Health issues: pain in7, ther information Will need a T-shirt in 8, Size Heard about the club from 9. Has a son who might want to join - aged 10 ‘What are the possible options for this answer? [Link], Scanned with CamScanner@) SECTION 2 Questions 11-13 ‘Which group of volunteers will be given the following duties? Choose THREE answers from the box and write the correct letter, AD, next to Questions 11-13, 11 Group 1, 12 Group 2, 13 Group 3, Questions 14-20 Complete the notes below. Talk for volunteers at a Country House What vocabulary do you associate with the duties? e.g. C customers / purchase / buy How could you paraphrase the terms in the box? e.g. A food - snacks C payment - money Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. History Tours Art exhibits Workshops Special events (e.9.19 + Maximum group size 14, | Hand out 17. You'll hear Training will be given more than one number, so listen carefully. What is another way of saying | Take orders from buyers ‘look after’ | Help prepare materials | Includes painting and 18 | Need extra help in the 20 [Link] ‘esaVER FOR DUE Pate Ts Aerts ED Scanned with CamScanner+ Ae eS PA AT vate @) SECTION 3 Questions 21-25 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C. 21 22 23 24 25 3 Western Medicine In the 19th Century How do the students describe medicine In the early 1800s? “ Read the question ‘A undergoing rapid change carefully and pay B extremely basic close attention to C surprisingly sophisticated the time period they I are discussing - the What was the main strength of Maggie's presentation? answer here must ‘A the originality of the visuals be about ‘the early B__ the range of examples. 1800s", C the organisation of ideas 7 = ‘What change to hospitals at the end of the 1800s were the students surprised to read about? ‘A __ the sudden increase in the number of hospital beds B the injection of funding to build newer hospitals © the development of specialist hospitals Dan and Maggie both agree that by the 1900s. 0 The students could ‘A the advances in medicine were not as great as have different sometimes claimed. opinions about the B techniques used in surgery had undergone enormous points in options A, B and C, but they must both agree about the | correct answer. Which cause of medical progress does Dan decide to focus pee on in his essay? A the Industrial Revolution B scientific knowledge c social factors change. © doctors finally had their profession respected. ‘TIMESAVER FOR EXAMS: Practice Tass & Tips fo IETS www [Link] Scanned with CamScannerQuestions 26-30 ‘What criticism do the speakers mako about using books by tho following authors? Choose FIVE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A=G, next to Questions 26-30. BBN B 8 s [Link] Gury ua orcec itso. isan ceietNy lam cumen earns ee Neenrag ae tis not detailed enough icone seartpheestneerecha es James Pinkerton Maria Saville Bruce Daniels , Ellen Minton, Deborah Dey THINK IT THROUGH There are seven options for five questions, so two of the options A-G are just distractors. Listen carefully - a similar sounding word is not necessarily the right answer. For example, the recording mentions that the book ‘gives a good general overview’, but is this the same as a ‘generalisation’ (item B)? TWESAVER FOR EXAMS: Pacts Tet & Tp ar LTS Scanned with CamScannerPRACTICE TEST 2: LISTENING : ‘4 @) SECTION 4 + Questions 31-33 Choose the correct letter A, B or C. A Study of Koalas 31 What was the original motivation for the study? A concern about effects of climate change B alarm about the declining koala population C _ interest in tree conservation 32 What were scientists surprised to learn? © These options may ‘A that koalas depend on trees for food and shelter all be true, but which B that koalas are reliant on different species of trees was ‘surprising’? © that koalas could survive without eucalyptus trees 33 The most significant discovery was made with data gathered by A cameras. B weather stations. C tracking collars. Questions 34-40 Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. The 34 of koalas in a tree is vital in optimising the cooling power of trees. Notice the possessive ‘s’ before the gap ~ what does this _. than other trees. tell you about the i answer? The fur is thinnest on a koala’s 35... which affects its & behaviour. Koalas stay near the top of trees during 36. Acacia trees use more 37, The plant is cooled in a similar way to the use of 38. in humans, Koalas are at risk from ‘+ developments such as agriculture, industry and 39. What other modern developments at night . could affect the “ natural world? * attacks from pets * being hit by 40, ©] rwesnven ron ox: Pravce Teste & Tips for ES www [Link] Scanned with CamScannerYou should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. READING PASSAGE 1 Cee Make a photocopy of the Reading test answer sheet on page 109. Out of Africa Stone tools rewrite history of man as a global species A Stone Age archaeological site in the Arabian Peninsula has become the focus of a radical theory of how early humans made the long walk from their evolutionary homeland of Africa to become a globally dispersed species, Scientists have found a set of stone tools buried beneath a collapsed rock shelter in the barren hills of the United Arab Emirates that they believe were made about 125,000 years ago by people who had migrated out of eastern Africa by crossing the Red Sea when sea levels were at a record low. ‘The age of the stone tools and the fact they appear to be like those made by anatomically modern humans living in eastern Africa suggests that our species, Homo sapiens, left Africa between 30,000 and 55,000 years earlier than previously believed. This casts new light on how modern humans eventually inhabited lands as far apart as Europe and Australia. Genetic evidence had suggested that modern humans made the main migration from Africa between 60,000 and 70,000 years ago, although there was always a possibility of earlier migrations that had not got much further than the Middle East. However, all these movements were believed to have been made into the Middle East by people walking down the Nile Valley. However, the stone tools unearthed at the Jebel Faya site about 50 kilometres from the Persian Gulf suggests another possible migratory route across the Bab al-Mandab strait, a tract of open water which separates the Red Sea from the [Link] Arabian Ocean and the Horn of Africa from the Arabian Peninsula. The scientists behind the study said that at the time of the migration, about 125,000 years ago, sea levels would have been low enough for people to make the crossing on foot or with simple rafts or watercraft. They also suggest that the waterless Nejd plateau of southern Arabia, which would have posed another barrier to migration, was in fact at that time covered in lakes, ‘By 130,000 years ago, the sea level was still about 100 metres lower than at present while the Nejd plateau was already passable, There was a brief period where modern humans may have been able to use the direct route from East Africa to Jebel Faya, said Professor Adrian Parker of Oxford Brookes University, who was part of the research team. Once humans had crossed into southern Arabia, they would have enjoyed the benefits of a land rich in wildlife and, with little competition, the migrant community could have quickly expanded to become an important secondary centre for population growth, which later migrated across the Persian Gulf to India, and from there to the rest of Asia, the scientists suggest. Simon Armitage of Royal Holloway, University of London, the Iead author of the study published ini the journal Science, said that discovering the dates of the stone tools was the key piece of evidence suggesting there was a much earlier migration out of Africa than previously supposed. ‘Archaeology without ages is like a jigsaw with the interlocking edges ‘TWESHVER FOR BANS: Prac Tat Te terietts ED Scanned with CamScannerm PRACTICE TEST 2: READING removed — you have lots of individual pieces of information but you can’t fit them together to produce the big picture,’ Dr Armitage said. ‘At Jebel Faya, the ages reveal a fascinating picture in which modern humans migrated out of Africa much earlier than previously thought, helped by global fluctuations in sea level and the climate change in the Arabian Peninsula.’ The stone ‘tool kit’ found at Jebel Faya includes relatively primitive hand axes and a collection of stone scrapers and perforators. The scientists say the tools resemble artefacts found in eastern Africa and their primitive nature suggests that Questions 1-6 migration did not depend on the invention of more complex tools. ‘These anatomically modern humans, like you and me, had evolved in Africa about 200,000 years ago and subsequently populated the rest of the world. Our findings should stimulate a re-evaluation of the means by which we modern humans became a global species; Dr Armitage said. However, not all scientist are convinced. Paul Mellars of Cambridge University told Science: ‘I’m totally unpersuaded. There’s not a scrap of evidence here that these were made by modern humans, nor that they came from Africa” Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write 14 According to Dr Armitage, determining the age of the ‘tool ki’ proves that there was earlier migration from Africa. 2 3 4 5 6 THINK IT THROUGH Dr Armitage rejects traditional archaeological research methods, Changes in geography and weather patterns assisted migration out of Africa. The ‘tool kit’ found at Jebel Faya was unusually large. Dr Armitage said that migration felied on the invention of sophisticated tools. Paul Mellars believes the ‘tool kit’ originated in Africa. Identify exactly what is being tested in a question before reading for the answer, In Question 2, the focus is research methods. Dr Armitage rejects the opinions of other researchers (the research findings) but there is no mention of him criticising how they | did their research (the research methods). | Choose Not Given when there is no information given about this statement in the text. ©) rowesaver ron xans: PretenTats 8 Tis orLTS [Link], Scanned with CamScannerQuestions 7-13 Complete the notes below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer, Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet. Stone tools rewrite history The tools were: * located in the United Arab Emirates under a fallen 7. * about 125,000 years old ‘* made by migrants travelling overland due to low water levels * produced by people from 8 This research challenges previous theories by: * suggesting early humans migrated earlier than previously believed sevens YORIS AGO * disputing previous claims that humans left Aftica no more than 9 * questioning whether all people travelled along the 10. _to their final destination These new theories propose that: an alternative migratory route was used across the Bab al-Mandab strait people could cross by boat or 11 southern Arabia offered migrants opportunities to hunt for 12. migrants then moved on into India and some to other places in 13. Saran ‘TIMESAVER FOR EXAMS: Pracce Tests & Tip fer IELTS [Link] Scanned with CamScannerREADING PASSAGE 2 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-27, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below. Questions 14-19 Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, I-viii, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet. Nersianece cred Shit (enters ay 14 Paragraph A 15 Paragraph B 16 Paragraph C 17 Paragraph D 18 Paragraph E 49 Paragraph F THINK IT THROUGH Matching headings Choose the heading that best summarises the whole paragraph. Some options might be mentioned in several paragraphs, but they are not the main idea. For example, paragraphs B and E both talk about an individual's capacity for smell (option iii) but the focus of paragraph E is people who react strongly to smell (option i). © twswvenron xs: Pte ren Ty wr TS [Link] Scanned with CamScannerepee a The smelling test: The genetics of olfaction ‘A. Why are some people mora sensitive to odours than others? And why do no two people experience a scent in the same way? The answer lies in our genes, In 2004 neuroscientists Linda Buck and Richard Axel shared a Nobel Prize for their identification of the genes that control smell, findings which they first published in the early 1990s. Their work revived interest in the mysterious workings of our noses - interest which is now generating some surprising insights, not least that each of us inhabits our own personal olfactory world. B_ ‘When I give talks, | always say that everybody in this room smells the world with a different set of receptors, and therefore it smells different to everybody,’ says Andreas Keller, a geneticist working at the Rockefeller University in New York City. He also suspects that every individual has at least ‘one odorant he or she cannot detect at all - one specific anosmia, or olfactory ‘blind spot’, which is inherited along with his or her olfactory apparatus. The human nose contains roughly 400 olfactory is encoded by a different receptors, each of which responds to several odorants, and each of whic! gene. But, unless you are dealing with identical twins, no two persons will have the same genetic make-up for those receptors. C The reason, according to Doron Lancet, a geneticist at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, is that those genes have been accumulating mutations over evolution. This has happened in all the great apes, and one possible explanation is that smell has gradually become less important to survival, having been replaced to some extent by colour vision ~ as an indicator of rotten fruit, for example, or of a potentially venomous predator. However, every species has a different genetic ‘bar code’ and a different combination of olfactory sensitivities. D That genetic variability is reflected in behavioural variability, as Keller recently demonstrated when they asked 500 people to rate 66 odours for intensity and pleasantness. The responses covered the full range from intense to weak, and from pleasant to unpleasant, with most falling in the moderate range ~a classic bell curve in each case. The researchers also tested people's subconscious responses to odorants, by presenting them at much weaker doses. One compound that people famously perceive differently is androstenone, a substance that is produced in boars’ testes and is also present in some people's sweat. ‘For about 60 per cent of people androstenone is nothing,’ says Chuck Wysocki of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia. ‘For 35 per cent its a very powerful stale urine smell, and for 15 per cent its a floral, musky, woody note." [Link] ‘TMESAVER FOR EXAMS: Practice Tests & Tis for IELTS Scanned with CamScannerRaa Cob ale st E Lancet says that the genetic tools that are now available could help researchers to solve another olfactory puzzle, too: why some people have an acute overall sensitivity to smelis than others. One in 5,000 people is born without any sense of smell at all, while at the other end of the spectrum are those individuals who have a higher than average general sensitivity, some of whom may gravitate to the perfume industry. He suspects that the biological culprits in this case are not the olfactory receptors themselves, which are responsible for specitic anosmias, but the proteins that ensure the efficient transmission of the signals elicited by those receptors to higher processing areas in the brain = transmission pathways that are shared by alll receptors. ‘What is fascinating to me is the idea that we could discover a gene or genes that underlie this general sensitivity to odorants, so that we might be able to ‘type' those professional noses and say, ‘A-ha, we now understand why you are in your profession,’ Lancet says. F The implications of the new research go wider than smell, however. Most of our sensation of taste comes ftom the odorants in food stimulating our olfactory receptors. ‘The wonderful enjoyment of a fresh tomato is practically only in the nose,’ Lancet says. Awareness of individual variation in smell has already filtered through to the wine world, launching a debate about how valuable experts’ advice really is, when they may be having different smell - and hence taste - experiences from other people. The science of smell could even throw light on patterns of human disease. Thanks to Buck and Axel, scientists now know a lot more about the genetics of olfaction, which the Nobel Prize committee may or may not have foreseen when they bestowed their honour in 2004. Et cicocm: premtieo peu ares a oer est sume cd option: Check out oli range of higher-level readers eeu suk) ee oe ec ee ee Soe ae Biche eat dere eee cone eeu amet ancl Tees erates nee sate oem Taye MER SL (} rwesreon ees retes a s8 eerie latcom Scanned with CamScanneryeep ean Questions 20-23 Look at the following statements (Questions 20-23) and the list of people below. Match each statement with the correct person, AD. Write the correct letter, A-D, in boxes 20-23 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 20 No individual has a perfect sense of smell. 21° Around one third of individuals disagree on a particular smell. 22 Studies show that the majority of people react to smell in similar ways. Item 22 araphi 23 The sense of smell has lost priority to sight. Enidea in the text. Look for information in the text which is related to ‘studies’, e.g. experiments, research, results. Questions 24-27 Complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 24-27 on your answer sheet. The olfactory puzzle: who is super sensitive to smells? Lancet believes researchers have the genetic tools to find the answer to why certain people display 24. reactions to smells in general. While some people may have no sense of smell, others business. Lancet in the body which | which would are highly sensitive and in some cases, may end up working in the 25 believes the biological reason behind a heightened sense of smell is 26 als transmit to the brain, He hopes that scientists can identify a 27 help identify those who are particularly sensitive to smell TESWER FOROS Pat Ts ts EE ‘[Link] Scanned with CamScannerRa Ney (ooh ep « READING PASSAGE 3 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below. Georgia O’Keeffe’s Exhibition at the Tate Modern An extraordinary show, long overdue The major retrospective of Georgia OKeetfe'’s work that opened this week at the Tate Modern art gallery in London, UK, is a rare opportunity for British viewers to engage with this revered American artist. In the same season as the opening of the Tate extension Switch House, this exhibition illuminates the gallery's determination to provide new readings of old favourites. Curator Tanya Barson has spun a new tale of Oxeetfe, showing her as a progressive artist who was influenced by photography and not ‘merely an observational painter’. The inclusion of photography, while interesting, again shows a lack of confidence by the institution to let a singular medium prevail Georgia O'Keeffe was born in Wisconsin in 1887 and died in 1986 aged 98. She married the great photographer Alfred Stieglitz in 1924, who promoted O'Keeffe in both his own gallery as well as with his extensive circle of friends. Ironically, it was he who put forward the idea that the flowers she famously painted were Indeed erotic interpretations, a reading that O'Keeffe strenuously denied through her long life. | start with this context so we don't forget the long history of overlooked women artists, not that O'Keeffe was one of these. The Museum of Modern Art in New York held a retrospective of her work in 1946. Her red poppies appeared on a US postage stamp, and her home in the US state of New Mexico, now open to the public, still attracts a pilgrimage of worshipping tourists, both female and male. Her best-known subject matter is the large and eye-catching flowers, In this exhibition the paintings are arranged roughly chronologically and embrace her time spent in New York City following her marriage to Steiglitz, as well as in Lake George, where ‘she spent every summer during this period. Her New York paintings, often created from a high « Perspective, encapsulate a city of skyscrapers (© tiwesaven ron cams: racic Tet & Tos or ELS bathed in a dramatic nighttime light. While her time spent in Lake George reflects her engagement with a verdant landscape, here she wrote 'l feel smothered with green’. O'Keeffe was fiercely independent and continued to be so well into her later years. She was a hiker, going ‘tramping’ in all weathers, visiting and revisiting sites often remote from her home. This pioneering spirit led to her preoccupations with objects and views that she personally experienced. While O'Keetfe's paintings of closely observed blossoms are loved by many, the room of these is sadly not the most powerful room here, perhaps due to loan restrictions. Some of the great floral blooms, including the luxurious purple iris, are not here, but there is Jimson Weed (1992). a painting that became well-known in 2014 when it became, at $44.4m (£34.2m), the most expensive by a female artist ever sold at auction. Nearby are beautifully observed stil lifes, an eggplant, figs and an alligator pear in all their majestic simplicity. We are told that these are a result of O'Keeffe looking at photography. Yet this is an artist who constantly reacted to locations with her own eyes. O'Keeffe discovered Ghost Ranch in New Mexico - the property that was to become her home ~ in 1934, finally purchasing the house in 1940. The view from the ranch of a flat-topped tableland, became her favoured view. She painted and repainted it, saying at one point: ‘God told me if | painted It enough | could have it’ She also discovered the ‘Black Place’, another location she revisited throughout her life whilst driving through the Navajo country, These abstract black. hills recurred throughout her work and became: one of the locations of seriality. Over time she worked through different permutations while also moving towards abstraction, the strong natural forms reduced into powerful symbols. [Link] Scanned with CamScannerO'Keeffe was perhaps the first artist o paint views seen from an airplane; her aerial shots of fluffy clouds and the horizontality of the sky produced from memories of her flights from New York City to New Mexico. Again this is credited to her husband's photographs of the sky and clouds, but when you stand in front of her Sky Above the Clouds Il! you can see the painterly licence that Okeeffe adopted, making this painting much more memorable than the Stieglitz photographs, lovely though they are, Questions 28-32 eee - This is an extraordinary show, a collection of nearly 100 works celebrating a woman artist, long overdue in this county. | think that a quote from her sums up this rewarding-i-flawed exhibition: ‘A woman who has lived many things and who sees lines and colours as an expression of living might say something that a man can't - | feel there is ‘something unexplored about women that only a woman can explore ~ the men have done all they can do about it.” Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-H, below. 28 — The writer believes that this exhibition gives the public 29 The Tate Modern hopes its exhibitions will offer 30 Tanya Barson says this exhibition presents 31 The writer states that exhibiting photography alongside the paintings is. jact that pho! ataphy [Link] O Keeton. Etec i enie yosemite) Sani acai se THINK IT THROUGH This question type (matching sentence endings) can be tricky because theremaybe several endings that seem plausible. Locate the information in the text and read it again very carefully to determine which sentence ending is comple! For example, question 30 could end with A, C, F, G or H. However, the question is about [Link] ly true. i | | | Tanya Barson’s views, so to answer this question you need to locate Barson’s name in the text and find her opinion on the exhibition. ‘TMESAVER FOR EXAMS: rte Tents & Tas tos ED) Scanned with CamScannerQuestions 33 and 34 Choose TWO letters, A~E. In the second paragraph, the writer makes some statements about O'Keetfo's career. Which of these TWO statements are mentioned by the writer of the text? A Her work does not receive the attention it deserves because she Is female. The 1946 exhibition failed to attract large numbers of people. OKeetfe remains popular with fans today. O'Keette's work is mainly popular amongst women. moogw Her depiction of flowers in her paintings is why she is well-known. THINK IT THROUGH The references to items €, D and E all come from the same paragraph in the passage. Which paragraph is it? Questions 35 and 36 Choose TWO letters, A-E. The information ‘The list below gives some possible opinions about Jimson Weed. C- ; about the Which TWO of the following statements are made by the writer of the text? painting Jimson eo i Weed is in one ‘A___Itmakes the other paintings exhibited look simple in comparison. | paragraph of itis a fine example of O'Keetfe’s flower paintings. the passage only. Find this It is not a forceful example of O'Keeffe's work. paragraph and Itis famous because of its value. read itn detall: It was borrowed from another institution at an excessively high cost. moog [Link] ©] twesaven rom exams: rate ets & Ts or LS Scanned with CamScannerEU Questions 37-40 Complete the table below. Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. O’Keeffe’s Work in Different Locations THINK IT THROUGH Use the list of places to help you navigate to the section of the passage where the information is given. Then read this section of the passage in detail to find the answer. Riau oat kl i baa Ge New York | © moved here after getting married * viewed scenes from above 7 | * Painted the city in the evening using ; 37. colours Lake George / « stayed here in the 38. | © surrounded by lush vegetation | months \ New Mexico, | * bought property as her home in | © repainted the landscape nearby many Ghost Ranch | 39. times “Navajo country, | * drove through the area on many * repeatedly painted the hills until they Black Place | occasions | became4O. which hardly resembled the landscape TWMESAVER FOR EXANS: Pace Tests 8 Tp fo LTS [Link] Scanned with CamScannerTASK 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. SUN so eae a Mae Wome MN Oe MMe eta RIE Kees OE) Uanuary and then in August ia the same yea. SHEL MMOL ee tlle fled) felt e Merew ude Ry sel LAE Te ALLA) Write at least 150 words. @ THINK IT THROUGH Identify the most significant changes. Which area shows the biggest increase or decrease over the time period? Which area are customers most and least satisfied with? January Food choice Cleanliness andqualily Staff Service I Very Satisted O Satisted Not Satised TASK 2 You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words. @ tink it tHrouen | Include reasons for the change in working practices as well a5 discussion about whether this is a positive or negative change. © twesaven ron exams: Pacts Tests 8 Tp for LTS [Link] Scanned with CamScannerPRACTICE TEST 2: SPEAKING PART 1: Introduction and Interview Dancing © Doyou like dancing? Why / Why not? ‘* How important is dancing in your country? Why / Why not? Don't panic if you don’t like dancing! You can still talk about why not. © Doyou enjoy watching dance performances? Why / Why not? * Is there any style of dancing that you would like to learn how to do? Why / Why not? PART 2: Individual long turn You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes. You have one minute to think about what you are going to say. You can make some notes to help you if you wish. PeseqeeHeN Leth eneshele enemies Remember to refer to You should say : | "what you found difficult see in your answer. Read the Se yatM ase oro r topic card carefully and ensure that you answer 5 the question accurately. Evesaeltb -icicelcehieke (eh) ti ns . _— 7 MNAeneslalelsob eH=uatoesyie and say whether t has been useful to you Final question Do you enjoy learning new things? PART 3: Two-way discussion Learning difficult things What can people do to stay motivated when trying to learn difficult things? Has the development of technology made learning easier? Why / Why not? How important is it to have support from other people when'trying to learn difficult things? Why / Why not? Success and failure What are some of the different definitions people have of success (2.9. money, a good job, etc.)? Why? Is it necessary to experience failure to become successful? Why / Why not? [Link] TIMESAVER FOR EXAMS: Practice Tests & Tips tor ets ED) Scanned with CamScanner