Waves P-1 [22 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.HL.TZ2.14

An electromagnetic wave enters a medium of lower refractive index.

Three statements are made:

I. The wavelength of the wave has increased.

II. The frequency of the wave has decreased.
III. The speed of the wave has increased.

What is true about the properties of the wave?

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III [1]

Markscheme

B
2. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.HL.TZ2.28
A mass oscillating in simple harmonic motion on the end of a spring
has an amplitude x0 and a total energy ET. The mass on the spring is
doubled and made to oscillate with the same amplitude x0.

What is the total energy of the oscillating system after the change?

A. ET

B. √ 2E T

C. 2ET

D. 4ET [1]

Markscheme

A
3. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.HL.TZ2.29
Monochromatic light is incident on a single slit to form a diffraction
pattern on a screen. The width of the single slit is then halved.

What are the change in the width of the central maximum and the
change in the maximum intensity of the pattern?

Change in width of central Change in maximum intensity

maximum of pattern
A. decrease increase
B. decrease decrease
C. increase decrease
D. increase increase
[1]

Markscheme

C
4. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.HL.TZ2.12
A particle undergoes simple harmonic motion. Which quantities of the
motion can be simultaneously zero?

A. Displacement and velocity

B. Displacement and acceleration

C. Velocity and acceleration

D. Displacement, velocity and acceleration [1]

Markscheme

5. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.HL.TZ2.29

A simple pendulum has a time period T on the Earth. The pendulum is
taken to the Moon where the gravitational field strength is 1

6
that of
the Earth.

What is the time period of the pendulum on the Moon?

A. T √6

B. T

√6
C. 6
T

D. T

6
[1]

Markscheme

A
6. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.HL.TZ2.30
In two different experiments, white light is passed through a single slit
and then is either refracted through a prism or diffracted with a
diffraction grating. The prism produces a band of colours from M to N.
The diffraction grating produces a first order spectrum P to Q.

What are the colours observed at M and P?

[1]

Markscheme

A
7. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.HL.TZ2.31
A train is sounding its whistle when approaching a train station. Three
statements about the sound received by a stationary observer at the
station are:

I. The frequency received is higher than the frequency emitted by the

train.
II. The wavelength received is longer than the wavelength emitted by
the train.
III. The speed of the sound received is not affected by the motion of the
train.

Which combination of statements is correct?

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III [1]

Markscheme

B
8. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.HL.TZ2.12
Which graph shows the variation of amplitude with intensity for a
wave?

[1]

Markscheme

B
9. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.HL.TZ2.26
A mass–spring system oscillates vertically with a period of T at the
surface of the Earth. The gravitational field strength at the surface of
Mars is 0. 3 g. What is the period of the same mass–spring system on
the surface of Mars?

A. 0. 9T

B. 0. 3T

C. T

D. 3T [1]

Markscheme

10. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.HL.TZ2.27

Light passes through a diffraction grating. Which quantity must be
decreased to improve the resolution of the diffraction grating?

A. The grating spacing

B. The number of grating lines illuminated by the light source

C. The number of grating lines per millimetre

D. The spectral order being observed [1]

Markscheme

A
11. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.HL.TZ2.28
A train is moving in a straight line away from a stationary observer
when the train horn emits a sound of frequency f0. The speed of the
train is 0. 10v where v is the speed of sound. What is the frequency of
the horn as heard by the observer?

A. 0.9

1
f0

1
B. 1.1
f0

1.1
C. 1
f0

D. 0.9
1
f0 [1]

Markscheme

B
12. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.HL.TZ2.29
Monochromatic light of wavelength λ passes through a single-slit of
width b and produces a diffraction pattern on a screen. Which
combination of changes to b and λ will cause the greatest decrease in
the width of the central maximum?

[1]

Markscheme

C
13. [Maximum mark: 1] 19M.1.HL.TZ2.16
An object at the end of a spring oscillates vertically with simple
harmonic motion (shm). The graph shows the variation with time t of
the displacement x of the object.

What is the velocity of the object?

2πA πt
A. − T
sin (
T
)

B. 2πA

T
sin (
πt

T
)

2πA πt
C. − T
cos (
T
)

D. 2πA

T
cos (
πt

T
) [1]

Markscheme

B
14. [Maximum mark: 1] 19M.1.HL.TZ2.17
A mass on a spring is displaced from its equilibrium position. Which
graph represents the variation of acceleration with displacement for
the mass after it is released?

[1]

Markscheme

D
15. [Maximum mark: 1] 19M.1.HL.TZ2.20
A third-harmonic standing wave of wavelength 0.80 m is set up on a
string fixed at both ends. Two points on the wave are separated by a
distance of 0.60 m. What is a possible phase difference between the
two points on the wave?

A. π

4
rad

B. π

2
rad

C. πrad

D. 3π

2
rad [1]

Markscheme

C
16. [Maximum mark: 1] 19M.1.HL.TZ2.21
A train approaches a station and sounds a horn of constant frequency
and constant intensity. An observer waiting at the station detects a
frequency fobs and an intensity Iobs. What are the changes, if any, in Iobs
and fobs as the train slows down?

[1]

Markscheme

D
17. [Maximum mark: 1] 19M.1.HL.TZ2.22
Two stars are viewed with a telescope using a green filter. The images
of the stars are just resolved. What is the change, if any, to the angular
separation of the images of the stars and to the resolution of the
images when the green filter is replaced by a violet filter?

[1]

Markscheme

A
18. [Maximum mark: 1] 18M.1.HL.TZ2.13
A string stretched between two fixed points sounds its second
harmonic at frequency f.

Which expression, where n is an integer, gives the frequencies of

harmonics that have a node at the centre of the string?

A. n+1

2
f

B. nf

C. 2nf

D. (2n + 1)f [1]

Markscheme

B
19. [Maximum mark: 1] 18M.1.HL.TZ2.24
A simple pendulum bob oscillates as shown.

At which position is the resultant force on the pendulum bob zero?

A. At position A

B. At position B

C. At position C

D. Resultant force is never zero during the oscillation [1]

Markscheme

D
20. [Maximum mark: 1] 18M.1.HL.TZ2.25
A beam of monochromatic light is incident on a single slit and a
diffraction pattern forms on the screen.

What change will increase θs?

A. Increase the width of the slit

B. Decrease the width of the slit

C. Increase the distance between the slit and the screen

D. Decrease the distance between the slit and the screen [1]

Markscheme

B
21. [Maximum mark: 1] 18M.1.HL.TZ2.26
A beam of monochromatic light is incident on a diffraction grating of N
lines per unit length. The angle between the first orders is θ1.

What is the wavelength of the light?

sin θ1
A. N

B. N sin θ1

θ1
C. N sin( 2
)

θ
1
sin( )
2

D. N
[1]

Markscheme

D
22. [Maximum mark: 1] 18M.1.HL.TZ2.27
A train is approaching an observer with constant speed

34

where c is the speed of sound in still air. The train emits sound of
wavelength λ. What is the observed speed of the sound and observed
wavelength as the train approaches?

[1]

Markscheme

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