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Class6 Math UE

This document defines and describes various lines, angles, and shapes. It discusses the key properties of lines and angles like length, measures of angles, and types of angles. It then explains different two-dimensional shapes like triangles (scalene, isosceles, equilateral), parallelograms, rectangles, squares, rhombi, trapezoids, and polygons. Finally, it introduces three-dimensional shapes like solids, faces, edges, vertices, and provides examples of cuboids, prisms, and pyramids.

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anweshasushree2005
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
41 views

Class6 Math UE

This document defines and describes various lines, angles, and shapes. It discusses the key properties of lines and angles like length, measures of angles, and types of angles. It then explains different two-dimensional shapes like triangles (scalene, isosceles, equilateral), parallelograms, rectangles, squares, rhombi, trapezoids, and polygons. Finally, it introduces three-dimensional shapes like solids, faces, edges, vertices, and provides examples of cuboids, prisms, and pyramids.

Uploaded by

anweshasushree2005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lines and Angles

Understanding Elementary Shapes Summary


Lines and Angles

Length of a line segment:


The distance between the endpoints of a line segment is the length of the line segment. The length of a line
segment can be measured accurately using a ruler and a divider.

Complete angle:
An angle of measure 360° is called a complete angle.

One quadrant = 1 4 (complete angle) = 1 4 x 360° = 90°

Two quadrants = 1 2 (complete angle) = 1 2 x 360° = 180°

Three quadrants = 3 4 (complete angle) = 3 4 x 360° = 270°

Right angle:
An angle that measures 90° is called a right angle. A right angle makes a quarter revolution.

Straight angle:
An angle that measures 180° is called a straight angle. A straight angle makes a half revolution.
Acute angle:
An angle that measures less than 90° is called an acute angle.

Obtuse angle:
An angle that measures more than 90° and less than 180° is called an obtuse angle.

Reflex angle:
An angle that measures more than 180° is called a reflex angle.

Intersecting lines:
Two lines that meet each other at a single point are called intersecting lines.

Perpendicular lines:
Two lines that intersect each other at right angles are said to be perpendicular to each other.

Bisector of a line segment:


A bisector of a line segment is a line that divides the line segment into two equal parts.

Perpendicular bisector of a line segment:


The perpendicular line that divides a line segment into two equal parts is called the perpendicular bisector of
the line segment.
Two and Three Dimensional Figures

Understanding Elementary Shapes Summary


Two Dimensional Figures
The closed figure formed by joining three line segments end-to-end is called a triangle. Each line segment
forms a side of the triangle.

Scalene triangle

A triangle is called a scalene triangle if all the three sides are of unequal length.

Isoceles triangle

A triangle is called an isosceles triangle if two of its sides are of equal length.

Equilateral triangle

A triangle is said to be an equilateral triangle if the lengths of all of its sides are equal.

Acute-angled triangle

If all the angles of a triangle are less than 90°, then the triangle is called an acute-angled triangle.

Right-angled triangle

If one of the angles in a triangle is a right angle, then the triangle is called a right-angled triangle.
Obtuse-angled triangle

If one of the angles in a triangle is an obtuse angle, then the triangle is called an obtuse-angled triangle.

Parallelogram

A parallelogram is a four-sided figure in which the opposite sides are parallel to each other and are of equal
length. In a parallelogram, the diagonals need not be equal in length.

Rectangle

A rectangle is a type of parallelogram that has opposite sides equal in length and parallel to each other. Its
diagonals are equal in length. A rectangle has four right angles.

Square

A square is a type of parallelogram in which all the four sides are equal in length. Its diagonals are equal in
length. A square has four right angles.

Rhombus

In a rhombus, all the sides are equal in length, and the opposite sides are parallel to each other. Its diagonals
are not equal in length. Also, the opposite angles are equal to each other.

Trapezium

A trapezium has one pair of sides parallel to each other. The other two sides are not parallel to each other.

Polygon

A polygon is a closed figure with three or more than three sides.


Three Dimensional Shapes
Solid figures have three dimensions - length, breadth and height. e.g. A ball, a brick, an ice cream cone and
a can.

Face
The flat surface of a solid shape is called a face.

Edge
Two faces of a solid shape meet on a line segment called an edge.

Vertex
A vertex of a solid shape is a point where three or more edges meet.

A cuboid has 6 faces, 12 edges and 8 vertices.


Prisms and pyramids are named after their bases. The base of a prism can be of any polygonal shape.
There are 5 faces, 9 edges and 6 vertices in a triangular prism.

There are 4 faces, 6 edges and 4 vertices in a triangular pyramid.

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