Session 7

Industrial Automation Trends

Approaches and issues
And Information Security continuous
Monitoring (ISCM)

Speaker – John Kingsley

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 Introduction

17 years of Experience in Industrial

Automation and Design
Senior Member, International Society of
Automation
Member, ISA Security Compliance Institute
John Kingsley S
(ISCI)
https://www.linkedin.com/in/sjkingsley/
exida Cybersecurity Practioner
ISA/IEC62443 Certified Cybersecurity
Fundamentals Specialist
Worked in Manufacturing, Oil and Gas,
Petrochemicals, Marine, Energy
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 Agenda

• Industrial Automation Trends Approaches and issues

• And Information Security continuous Monitoring (ISCM)
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 Basic Process Control Systems

FIGURE 1.1 Blocks of an automated process

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 Basic Process Control Systems
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FIGURE 1.2 A simple temperature control system

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 Basic Process Control Systems

Closed-Loop Control Systems

FIGURE 1.3 Closed-loop process blocks

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 Industrial Process Controllers
The following are key requirements for industrial process controllers:

■ Availability: Many processes are continuous operations and require that the controller have high availability, reliability,
and maintainability ratings. Availability is typically the highest objective in an industrial control system, along with data
integrity. Confidentiality has traditionally been a secondary concern with process control systems; this is completely
reversed from the general confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) requirements associated with IT systems.
■ Timeliness: Process control is a time-sensitive operation that requires quick response times. IT systems generally do not
have timeliness constraints. For this reason, front-line intelligent process controllers operate on real-time operating
systems.
■ Industrial interfacing: Industrial controllers typically provide few if any user-friendly interface features, such as
keyboards, pointing devices, or LCD displays. Instead, they provide industrial-style input and output ports for connecting
sensors and actuators.
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■ Physical hardening: IPCs are designed to operate in harsh environments such as industrial factories and open air venues.
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 Field Devices
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FIGURE 1.4 Field device implementations

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 Field Devices

FIGURE 1.6 PLC controlling a process

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 Field Devices

FIGURE 1.7 A typical compact PLC

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 Common PLC module types include the following
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FIGURE 1.8 Modular PLC rack and backplane 11

 Remote Telemetry Units
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FIGURE 1.9 An RTU controller

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 Remote Telemetry Units
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FIGURE 1.10 A typical RTU implementation

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 RTU

RTU
An example of a flow meter and a
wireless sensor connected to an RTU.
Image used courtesy of Bentek
Systems
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 HMI

HMI

In industrial settings, HMIs can be used to:

•Visually display data
•Track production time, trends, and tags
•Oversee KPIs
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•Monitor machine inputs and outputs

•And more
 HMI
HMI technology is used by almost all industrial organizations, as
well as a wide range of other companies, to interact with their
machines and optimize their industrial processes.

Industries using HMI include: HMI

• Energy • Transportation
• Food and • Oil and gas • Water and
beverage • Power wastewater
• Manufacturi • Recycling • And many
ng more
The most common roles that interact with HMIs are operators, system integrators, and
engineers, particularly control system engineers.

HMIs are essential resources for these professionals, who use them to review and monitor
processes, diagnose problems, and visualize data.
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 Speed Drives
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 Other Types of Control Systems

• Advanced Metering Infrastructure • Energy Management Systems

• Building Automation Systems • Exterior Lighting Control Systems
• Building Management Control Systems • Fire Alarm Systems
• Burner Management System • Fire Sprinkler Systems
• Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) Surveillance Systems • Interior Lighting Control Systems
• CO2 Monitoring • Intrusion Detection Systems
• Digital Signage Systems. • Physical Access Control Systems
• Digital Video Management Systems. • Public Safety/Land Mobile Radios
• Electronic Security Systems. • Renewable Energy Photo Voltaic Systems
• Emergency Management Systems. • Smoke and Purge Systems
• Vertical Transport System (Elevators and Escalators)
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 Control Panel Photographs
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 Panel Photographs
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 Panel Photographs
SIL 2 Redundant PLC system for Oil & Gas Industry

SIL 2 Redundant PLC system for Manufacturing Industry Factory Acceptance Testing
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 Panel Photographs
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 Panel Photographs Power Distribution Panels
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 OT/IT Network Integration
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FIGURE 1.25 Industrial networks

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 OT/IT Network Integration
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FIGURE 1.26 Adding the ICS segment to the IT network

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 ISA-95

FIGURE 1.27 The ISA-95 standard

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 Automation and Control System Trends
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Future Software Characteristics 27

 Automation and Control System Trends
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Future Hardware Characteristics 28

 Automation and Control System Trends
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Future Control System Characteristics

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 Trends In Industrial Automation Technology

“To be successful in today’s climate,

modern manufacturers must embrace the
ongoing shifts in technology and adapt in
real-time to fight back the growing number
of more agile and digitally empowered
competitors.” —Ruban Phukan
on Manufacturing Automation
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 Top Trends
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 Top Trends

Modularity is becoming the top theme for future

manufacturing
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 Top Trends

Hardware platforms are consolidating

CoreTigo showcased its TigoGateway 1TE, embedded with an

I/O master. (Source: CoreTigo)
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 Top Trends

Decoupling of
hardware and
software is gaining
momentum

More and more IT

technologies are
coming to OT
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 Top Trends

The industrial
metaverse is starting
to take shape

Microsoft demonstrated its Hololens technology together with

German EV car maker e-go. (Source: e-go)
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 Top Trends

There is a strong push toward sustainability

Source -
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-
1050/12/11/4674
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 Top Trends

Generative AI is being implemented in manufacturing

Beckhoff presented an integration

of ChatGPT into its TwinCAT
software. (Source: IoT Analytics)
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 Top Trends

Interoperability focus is shifting from assets to data

AWS showcased the Industrial

Data Fabric architecture.
(Source: AWS)
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 Top Trends

DataOps is maturing

HighByte showed how the

company helps to transform
raw data into contextualized
data. (Source: IoT Analytics)
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 Top Trends

Wireless connectivity on the shopfloor is becoming a

reality

Nokia showcased its “One Platform”, an

end-to-end private 5G solution (incl.
device, network equipment,
infrastructure, managed services, and
cloud). (Source: IoT Analytics)
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 Putting the observations into perspective

The pace of innovation around industrial technology is high, and the fair
highlighted that some exhibitors are faster to market and more strategic than
others as they bring out new technologies. The role of IT players (small and
large) has also increased in importance in the field.
What stood out as new in 2023 that we did not observe in 2022?
• The industrial metaverse narrative
• Generative AI use cases
• DataOps tools becoming important
• Sustainability tools maturing
• Virtual PLC and private 5G technologies taken much more seriously
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Source – https://iot-analytics.com/top-industrial-technology-trends/ 41
 OT Security Professionals
OT Security Professional on LinkedIn is a community of experienced Cybersecurity Professionals from across
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A platform for professionals to connect, learn, and grow in the field of Operational Technology (OT) - Industrial Control
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