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Tutorial 2 - Questions

This document provides 6 tutorial problems related to heat transfer. Problem 1 involves calculating the heat transfer rate between parallel plates at different temperatures filled with different materials. Problem 2 involves calculating the temperature of a roof exposed to radiation and convection. Problem 3 involves drawing a thermal circuit and calculating heat loss through a multi-layer wall. Problem 4 involves calculating heat dissipated by a resistor and the fraction dissipated through different surfaces. Problems 5-6 involve using properties like specific heat and thermal conductivity to calculate energy or temperature changes.

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34 views

Tutorial 2 - Questions

This document provides 6 tutorial problems related to heat transfer. Problem 1 involves calculating the heat transfer rate between parallel plates at different temperatures filled with different materials. Problem 2 involves calculating the temperature of a roof exposed to radiation and convection. Problem 3 involves drawing a thermal circuit and calculating heat loss through a multi-layer wall. Problem 4 involves calculating heat dissipated by a resistor and the fraction dissipated through different surfaces. Problems 5-6 involve using properties like specific heat and thermal conductivity to calculate energy or temperature changes.

Uploaded by

2200851
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIAL 2: INTRODUCTION AND ELEMENTARY

HEAT TRANSFER
Note that some questions may require property values, which you can obtain from the LMS Content-Tutorial-
Property tables and charts.

1. Consider steady heat transfer between two large parallel plates at constant temperatures of 𝑇1 =
290𝐾 and 𝑇2 = 150𝐾 that are 𝐿 = 2𝑐𝑚 apart. Assuming the surfaces to be black. Determine the rate
of heat transfer between the plates per unit surface area assuming the gap between the plates is (a)
filled with atmospheric still air, (b) evacuated, (c) filled with fiberglass insulation.

[511.2 W/m2, 372.7 W/m2, 269.5 W/m2]

2. The horizontal roof of a building is coated with tar of emittance 0.94. On a cloudy, still night the air
temperature is 5℃, and the convective heat transfer coefficient between the air and the roof is
estimated to be 4 𝑊/𝑚2 ∙ 𝐾.
a. If the effective temperature of the sky as a black radiation sink is −10℃, determine the roof
temperature. Assume that the under surface of the roof is well insulated.
b. If a wind starts blowing, resulting in a convective heat transfer coefficient of 12 𝑊/𝑚2 ∙ 𝐾,
what is the new roof temperature?

[-2.55℃, 1.15℃]

3. A chemical reactor has a 5mm-thick mild steel wall and is lined with a 2mm-thick layer of
polyvinylchloride. The contents are at 80℃, and the ambient air is at 20℃. The inside thermal resistance
is negligible (ℎ𝑐,𝑖 very large), and the outside heat transfer coefficient for combined convection and
radiation is 7𝑊/𝑚2 ∙ 𝐾.
a. Draw the thermal circuit
b. Plot a graph of the temperature profile through the wall
c. Calculate the rate of heat loss for a surface area of 10𝑚2.

[3681.72 W]

4. A cylindrical resistor element on a circuit board dissipates 0.6 W of power. The resistor is 1.5cm long
and has a diameter of 0.4cm. Assuming heat to be transferred uniformly from all surfaces, determine
a. The amount of heat this resistor dissipates during a 24-hr period (in kilo-Joules kJ)
b. The heat flux
c. The fraction of heat dissipated from the top and bottom surfaces of the resistor element (the
round surfaces) over the total heat dissipated
[51.84 kJ, 2808.6 W/m2, 11.8%]

1
5. Consider a 60-US gallon water heater that is initially filled with water at 45℉. Determine how much
energy needs to be transferred to the water to raise its temperature to 140℉. Take the density and
specific heat of water to be 62 lbm/ft3 and 1.0 Btu/(lbm∙ ℉), respectively.
[47245 Btu]

6. One way of measuring the thermal conductivity of a material is to sandwich an electric thermofoil
heater between two identical rectangular samples of the material and to heavily insulate the four outer
edges, as shown in the figure. Thermocouples attached to the inner and outer surfaces of the samples
record the temperatures.

During an experiment, two 0.5cm thick samples 10cm x 10cm in size was used. When steady operation
is reached, the heater is observed to draw 35W of electric power and the temperature of each sample
is observed to drop from 82℃ at the inner surface to 74℃ at the outer surface. Determine the thermal
conductivity of the material at the average temperature. Hint: Would be especially helpful if you draw
the thermal circuit and solve it using thermal circuit for this question.

[1.09 W/m∙ ℃]

TABLE 1 COMMON CONVERSIONS FOR QUANTITIES

Length 1m 3.281 ft 39.37 in. 6.214 x 10-4


mile
Mass 1kg 2.205 lbm 6.852 x 10-2 slug
Temperature 𝑇𝑐 °C 𝑇𝐹 𝑇𝑘 = 𝑇𝑐 + 273.15 K
= 1.8𝑇𝐶 + 32 °𝐹
Volume 1L 1/3.785 US gallon 1/4.546 Imperial 0.001 m3
gallon
Force 1N 2.248 x 10 -1 lbf
Pressure 1 bar 0.987 atm 14.504 psi 100 kPa

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