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    Untreated pain in the intensive care unit (ICU) can negatively impact patients' rehabilitation outcomes and long-term quality of life. Factors contributing to untreated pain include underutilization of analgesics and challenges in pain assessment. Untreated pain is linked to delayed rehabilitation initiation, impaired mobility, and prolonged hospital stays. It can also lead to chronic pain syndromes and psychological distress after being discharged. Implementing comprehensive pain assessment, multimodal analgesia, and interdisciplinary collaboration are key to optimizing pain management and promoting recovery for ICU patients.

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    Untreated pain in the intensive care unit (ICU) can negatively impact patients' rehabilitation outcomes and long-term quality of life. Factors contributing to untreated pain include underutilization of analgesics and challenges in pain assessment. Untreated pain is linked to delayed rehabilitation initiation, impaired mobility, and prolonged hospital stays. It can also lead to chronic pain syndromes and psychological distress after being discharged. Implementing comprehensive pain assessment, multimodal analgesia, and interdisciplinary collaboration are key to optimizing pain management and promoting recovery for ICU patients.

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    Untreated pain in the intensive care unit (ICU) can negatively impact patients' rehabilitation outcomes and long-term quality of life. Factors contributing to untreated pain include underutilization of analgesics and challenges in pain assessment. Untreated pain is linked to delayed rehabilitation initiation, impaired mobility, and prolonged hospital stays. It can also lead to chronic pain syndromes and psychological distress after being discharged. Implementing comprehensive pain assessment, multimodal analgesia, and interdisciplinary collaboration are key to optimizing pain management and promoting recovery for ICU patients.

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    rosemarytimiya
    Untreated pain in the intensive care unit (ICU) can negatively impact patients' rehabilitation outcomes and long-term quality of life. Factors contributing to untreated pain include underutilization of analgesics and challenges in pain assessment. Untreated pain is linked to delayed rehabilitation initiation, impaired mobility, and prolonged hospital stays. It can also lead to chronic pain syndromes and psychological distress after being discharged. Implementing comprehensive pain assessment, multimodal analgesia, and interdisciplinary collaboration are key to optimizing pain management and promoting recovery for ICU patients.

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    Topic: - Impact of untreated pain on rehabilitation outcomes in

    critical care patients.

    Introduction
    Despite several decades of research, pain is still a significant problem for critically ill
    patients throughout their stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). Inaccurate pain
    assessment and the resulting inadequate treatment of pain in critically ill adults can
    have significant physiological and psychological consequences. Under diagnosed pain
    has been linked to a number of adverse outcomes including increased infection rate,
    prolonged mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic derangements, delirium, and
    compromised immunity .( K., Pasero C., Li Puntillo D., et al. Evaluation of pain in ICU
    patients. Chest. 2009;135). Appropriate pain management depends on the systematic and
    comprehensive assessment of pain to guide decision-making regarding titration of
    analgesia and administration of “as needed” medications (Kwekkeboom K. L., Herr K.
    Assessment of pain in the critically ill. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America. 2001;13).

    Background
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    Methods
    For this literature review, relevant literature published between 2009 and 2024 was
    searched using various databases, including CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO. The search
    terms included “intensive care unit”, “Critical care unit”, “ Rehabilitation”, “Pain”,”
    Untreated pain”, “untreated pain”, “Ventilated patients” “Intubated patients”, “Patient
    outcome”. The search was limited to full text pdf articles which were published in
    English. Both quantitative and qualitative studies were considered. Studies were
    extracted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta
    analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A quality assessment was under taken for the each of the
    included studies using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists.

    Results
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    Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analysis


    (PRISMA)
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     Impact of untreated pain on functional recovery

    Untreated pain in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a significant concern,


    impacting functional recovery, rehabilitation outcomes, and long-term quality of life for
    ICU survivors. Factors contributing to untreated pain include underutilization of
    analgesics, inadequate dosing, fear of opioid-related adverse effects, challenges in pain
    assessment, and barriers to communication between patients and healthcare providers.
    Untreated pain can lead to muscle weakness, delayed rehabilitation initiation, impaired
    mobility, reduced rehabilitation adhesion, prolonged hospital stays, and long-term
    functional decline and disability. Chronic pain syndromes, psychological distress, sleep
    disturbances, fatigue, and impaired social functioning can also be developed in ICU
    survivors.

    To address untreated pain, comprehensive pain assessment, multimodal analgesia, and


    interdisciplinary collaboration are essential strategies. Implementing systematic
    approaches to pain assessment, utilizing multimodal analgesic regimens, and facilitating
    interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare providers can optimize pain control
    and promote early mobilization and rehabilitation. By optimizing pain management
    throughout the continuum of critical illness and recovery, healthcare providers can
    enhance patient outcomes, improve quality of life, and promote long-term recovery and
    well-being among ICU survivors. (Puntillo & Naidu, 2016).

    More points to be added

     Impact of untreated pain on rehabilitation outcomes

    More points to be added

     Impact of untreated pain on long term quality of life

    More points to be added

     Strategies to address untreated pain in critical care patients


    More points to be added

    Conclusion
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    References
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