1. The Spaniards destroyed early Filipino written literature to promote Christianity and replace native oral traditions. They viewed native writing systems as obstacles to spreading Catholicism.
2. Doctrina Christiana was the first book printed in the Philippines. It was written in Spanish using the Latin alphabet to teach Christian doctrine, prayers, and passages from the Bible to spread Christianity throughout the archipelago.
3. An "unlettered Indio" referred to native Filipinos who could not read or write due to the lack of education under Spanish colonial rule. They had to rely on missionaries reading religious materials aloud.
1. The Spaniards destroyed early Filipino written literature to promote Christianity and replace native oral traditions. They viewed native writing systems as obstacles to spreading Catholicism.
2. Doctrina Christiana was the first book printed in the Philippines. It was written in Spanish using the Latin alphabet to teach Christian doctrine, prayers, and passages from the Bible to spread Christianity throughout the archipelago.
3. An "unlettered Indio" referred to native Filipinos who could not read or write due to the lack of education under Spanish colonial rule. They had to rely on missionaries reading religious materials aloud.
1. The Spaniards destroyed early Filipino written literature to promote Christianity and replace native oral traditions. They viewed native writing systems as obstacles to spreading Catholicism.
2. Doctrina Christiana was the first book printed in the Philippines. It was written in Spanish using the Latin alphabet to teach Christian doctrine, prayers, and passages from the Bible to spread Christianity throughout the archipelago.
3. An "unlettered Indio" referred to native Filipinos who could not read or write due to the lack of education under Spanish colonial rule. They had to rely on missionaries reading religious materials aloud.
1. The Spaniards destroyed early Filipino written literature to promote Christianity and replace native oral traditions. They viewed native writing systems as obstacles to spreading Catholicism.
2. Doctrina Christiana was the first book printed in the Philippines. It was written in Spanish using the Latin alphabet to teach Christian doctrine, prayers, and passages from the Bible to spread Christianity throughout the archipelago.
3. An "unlettered Indio" referred to native Filipinos who could not read or write due to the lack of education under Spanish colonial rule. They had to rely on missionaries reading religious materials aloud.
1. What was the purpose of the Spaniards in destroying written literature made by early Filipino inhabitants?
The goal of the Spanish colonial approach was to replace the native oral tradition with the Passion of Christ in order to destroy it. The dissemination and spread of Christianity was a major topic in the prose writing of the Spanish period. The conquistadors, particularly its religious arm, destroyed every written literature they could uncover, rendering writing systems like the Tagalog syllabary inoperable . The syllabaries of the Mindoro Mangyans and the Tagbanua of Palawan are two of the few remaining native writing systems. They were written to promote Christian morality and religion as well as to enrich Filipino daily existence. Our journals at this time started to sound more religious. The religious orders owned and ran the printing presses that were used to publish literary works up until the 19th century. As a result, religious themes predominated at the time.
2. What is Doctrina Christiana and what were its contents?
In Doctrina Christiana, the first book ever written and printed in the Philippines, the Latin alphabet was employed to first convey the core beliefs of Christianity and Christian prayers in Spanish. Since the book's title directly translates to the teachings of Christianity, its main objective was to spread Christian doctrine throughout the Philippine archipelago. Not only is the Doctrina Christiana among the first books printed in the Philippines. It includes fundamental passages from the Bible including the Lord's Prayer, the Hail Mary, and the Salve Regina, as well as the Ten Commandments and the Holy Sacraments. 3. What it means to be an “unlettered Indio”?
For the sole use of the missionaries, who always read them out loud to the unlettered Indio catechumens (Medina), that were to mostly rely on the memory. However, the Spanish missionaries were forced to adopt a very practical action when translating religious instruction materials, which was to hire native speakers as translators. The native translator eventually mastered reading and writing in both the mother tongue and Spanish. Due to this evolution, the first structured written native work by a native was inspired and was the beginning of Indio literacy.
4. Who are the “ladinos”?
The advancement signaled the start of Indigenous literacy, which encouraged
the creation of the first written native literary work by the natives. The authors, known as ladinos because of their proficiency in both Spanish and Tagalog, released their work in the first ten years of the seventeenth century, focusing mostly on religious poetry. Francisco de San Jose and Francisco Bagongbata were two notable early ladino writers. Gaspar Aquino de Belen, however, was by far the most talented of these native poet translators.
5. What marks the end of old mythological culture in the Philippines during pre colonial era?
It is amusing because it signals the beginning of the death of the old
mythological culture and a transition to the new approach introduced by the colonial power—possibly simply because of its great influence on the common imagination.
6. What is secular literature?
The indigenous poetic-drama form known as the komedya, later known as
moro-moro since it frequently dealt with the theme of Christians triumphing over Muslims, was influenced by secular literature from Spain in the 18th century in the form of medieval ballads. It is any written work that deals with materialistic issues as opposed to spiritual or religious ones. It is not related to religious beliefs, ideas, rituals, or culture and takes a more scientific and logical approach than religious literature.
Assessment 2
1. What it means to be a lettered minority and illiterate genuinely appreciative
majority during pre -colonial period?
It simply means that even if the author is illiterate, if their works are full of knowledge and values for the readers, they may still be inspiring because being a minority with a lettered origin does not prevent them from being valued by a wide audience. It is always our hearts that express the genuine essence of our artistic messages in our literary works.
2. How Francisco Balagtas became the first Indios to become a Filipino? Explain this Claim?
One of the original Indios to emigrate to the Philippines was Balagtas. The term "Filipino," which previously solely applied to a small group of Spaniards who were born in the Philippines, has now come to apply to both acculturated Indio and rich Chinese mestizo.
3. Who wrote the first Filipino novel Ninay? What was the novel all about?
The novel “Ninay” was written in Spanish by Pedro Paterno, it is is largely
cultural and is considered the first Filipino novel. In this scenario, the 1880s Filipinos and their customs were depicted by Ninay as present human existence. The female protagonist, Ninay, a devastated young woman who passed away from cholera, is explored via her life and love story in the book. Her breakup with her lover Carlos Mabagsic was the cause of her sadness. Ninay's loss was made more difficult to bear by the death of her parents. 4. How literature became the weapon of early Filipino writers towards oppression?
I believe that by using their knowledge to advance our customs and ideologies, early Filipino writers used literature as a weapon against oppression. This literature embraced our identity as a national strength. The Filipinos gained a lot from literature in terms of fostering relationships between various nations in order to influence both them and us. It influences and reflects how other nations see and perceive our country. It demonstrates to them the broad sentiment and what is relevant for us. So it shapes our country by the usage of our own standard. The diversity and depth of Philippine literature evolved side by side with our history.
