Department of Education

Region V
Naga City Science High School
Balatas, Naga City

DETAILED LESSON PLAN

Subject Science 9 (Earth and Space) Date April 11, 2023

Topic Changing position of constellations during the night.
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the
Content Standards relationship between the visible constellations in the sky
and Earth’s position along its orbit.
The learners shall be able to discuss whether or not
Performance Standards popular beliefs and practices with regard to
constellations and astrology have scientific basis.
S9ES-IIIi34. Observe that the position of a constellation
Learning Competencies changes in the course of a night.

At the end of the discussion, at least 85% the learners will be

Learning Objectives able to:
a. explain the apparent motions of stars at night;
b. determine different factors that affect the visibility of
stars at night; and
c. relate the change in position of a constellation in a
night sky to the Earth’s rotation on its axis.

Teacher’s Guide
References Science Learner’s Material Pages 218 - 219

Teaching-Learning Strategies Learner-centered approach. Inquiry-based learning

Integration Across the Curriculum. How are shadows created; Telling time using shadows

Teacher’s Activities Learners’ Activities

ELICIT: 7 minutes

Good morning, class.

Good morning, Sir.

Ask one student to lead the prayer. One student leads the prayer.

Kindly arrange your chairs properly and pick up

the pieces of trash. After that, you can settle
down.

Last meeting, we have already started

discussing the arrangements of stars in a Yes, sir.
group. Right?
Now, who can give us a review of the concepts
and topics discussed by Ma’am Erica last
meeting?

Few students give a recap of the topics and concepts

discussed last meeting.

Okay, very good. Thank you for that.

For this discussion, we are going to discuss a

continuation of your discussions with ma’am
Erica. We would specifically talk about the
apparent movements of the stars in a night.

But before that, let me present to you our

learning objectives.

Present learning objectives.

ENGAGE and EXPLORE: 12 minutes

To start our lesson for today, I want you to

watch a video. In this video, you are going to
watch the nearest star in a course of a day.

What’s the nearest star to earth again? The sun.

That’s right! The sun. This is just a short video

so please pay attention.

Video link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xs9hfF3U
PQY

What is shown in the video? The video showed a timelapse of the sun in a course of a day.
It showed the apparent movement or positions of the sun in
different times of the day.

Very good. You mentioned that the video

showed the apparent positions of the sun in
different times of the day. Again, when we say
apparent positions, did the sun actually move?
 No, the sun did not move.
That’s right! The sun did not move. In that
case, what caused the apparent changes in the
positions of the sun in a day? It is the Earth rotation on its axis that causes the apparent
movements of the sun in the sky.
Exactly! The stars do not actually move. It is
the earths movement that causes these
apparent movements of the stars in the sky.
Very good.

We actually already discussed these in

parallax, right?

Now, based on the video, in what direction

does the sun move?
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. So, the sun
moves from east to west.
That’s correct! very good.

In the past, the stars including the sun is used

for navigation. You can also tell the time using
the sun’s position.

Now, supposed you don’t have a watch with

you. But you have a very clear view of the sun
in the sky. How can you tell what time of the
day it is using the sun? When the sun is still in the east, probably it is morning.
Around 6am to 11am. If the sun is located at the west, we can
say that it is already afternoon.
That’s right! Very good. How about when the
sun is directly above us?
When the sun is directly above us, we can say that it might me
Okay, very good. 11am to 1pm.

Again, for clarification, we cannot determine

the exact time using only the sun’s apparent
location. We can only say what part of the day
it is. May it be morning, noontime or
afternoon. Is that clear?

Yes, sir.

Okay, we discovered that we can use the sun’s

apparent location in the sky to determine the
time. Can you think of other ways to
determine the time using the sun?
Yes, sir. We can use the shadows created by objects.

That’s correct! We can use shadows to

determine the time. But before that, who can
tell me how are shadows created?
Shadows are created when an object blocks the sunlight.
Very good! Can any object create shadows?
No, sir.
No, why not?
There are objects that are transparent. These objects cannot
block the sunlight; therefore, they cannot create shadows.
None, sir.

Exactly! An object must be opaque to create a

shadow. If an object is transparent, it can
never create a shadow.

How about your bodies, are they opaque?

Yes, sir.
Then, can your bodies create shadows?
Yes.
That’s right. Our bodies are opaque; therefore,
we can create shadows. Now, using our own
shadows, how can we determine the time?
If our shadows are at the west, it is morning and when it is on
the east, it is already afternoon.
That’s right! Our shadows also change in
lengths depending on the location of the sun.
Say for example, when our shadow is on the
west, as you said it is morning. In addition to
that, if our shadow is on the west and it is
longer, then it is early in the morning. If it is
shorter then, it is late in the morning. How
about when our shadows are on the east?

That’s right! Very good.

When our shadows are on the east and it is shorter, we can
say that it is early afternoon. On the other hand, when our
shadows are longer then, it is already late in the afternoon.

How about when we no longer have shadows?

It is already night time.

Exactly! It is already night time. During the

night, we cannot see the sun in our horizon.
Where do you think is the sun now?
At the opposite side of the earth.

That’s correct! During the night, the sun is

nowhere in our horizon because it is already in
the opposite side of the earth. What we can
see now are the stars. Okay?

The apparent motions of the sun, it being a

star as well is the same with other stars. They
also move apparently in the night sky.
But before that, let us first try to discuss the
different factors that affect the visibility of
stars in the night sky.

EXPLAIN: 10 minutes

Take a look at these pictures.

When was the last time you went stargazing?

A few students share their experiences in stargazing.

Thank you for your sharing.

In your every try in stargazing, were these

always successful? When I say successful, were
No, there are times that when we go out, the sky is too cloudy
you able to see the stars every time you go out
and we were not able to see the stars in the sky.
and look at the sky?

Yes, the clouds actually become an obstruction

to our view of the night sky. When the sky is
too cloudy, it lowers the visibility of the stars
in the sky. So, it is hard to stargaze.

Aside from when the sky is too cloudy, what

other reasons causes our view of the stars to
The presence of trees and other buildings affects the visibility
become impeded?
of the stars at night because these objects block our view of
the sky.

That’s right! Trees and other man-made

topographical features like buildings affect our
view of the sky. Very good. What else?

Light pollution affects the visibility of stars at night. Bright

lights that are caused by human activities and machines cause
the stars to be washed out/ overpowered in the sky and
therefore decreases its visibility.
Very good! Light pollution is one of the
greatest reasons why we can’t see the stars at
night. That is also true during the day. What do
you think is the reason why there are no stars
during the day?
The sun’s light overpowered the light of the distant stars in
the sky which causes these stars to lose their visibility in the
sky.

Exactly, the great amounts of light that the sun

produces overpowers the light of other distant
stars in the sky which causes them to become
less visible.

The things you mentioned were all factors

affecting the visibility of stars at night.

ELABORATE: 15 minutes

Now, let us go back to the apparent

movements of the stars in the sky. We have
already established that the stars apparently
move in different times of the night. Supposed
there were no obstructions to our view of the
sky.

We already know that the stars move from

east to west. Why? What do you think causes The stars move from east to west because the earth rotates
this movement/ direction? on its axis in a counterclockwise direction.

Exactly! The stars move from east to west

because the earth rotates in a
counterclockwise manner.

To understand this better. We can use the

planispheres that you made. The planisphere
shows the stars right above your head. We can
see the stars and constellations in the sky in
specific dates and time of the year. For
example, manipulate your planispheres so that
the date is on April 11. What you can see are
the exact stars that can be seen in the sky right
above our heads.

You see, when you change the time by turning

your planispheres. The changing hours on your
planispheres implicate that the earth is
actually moving/ rotating on its axis. Is that
clear? Yes, sir.
Ask the students to locate some constellations The students identify different stars and constellations
that are present in the sky. Also, ask them to present in the night sky.
identify different stars present.

Now, try turning your planispheres again and

observe what happens to the stars.

What can you notice? When I turn the planisphere and change the time, the stars
apparently move and the stars that are initially present
disappears from the night sky at different hours. Some of the
stars and constellations becomes out of the view.

That’s right. In a course of a night, the stars

that are present in the night sky changes.
Some stars that are initially present disappears
from our view.

Again, what causes these to happen? The earth’s rotation on its axis causes the stars to apparently
move from east to west. This causes the stars and
constellations present in the sky to change in a course of a
night. Some constellations and stars disappear as the night
goes on.

EVALUATE: 5 minutes

If there are no more questions, who can share

to the class what they learned from our
discussion today?
Some students share their learning to the class.

EXTEND: 3 minutes
Now that we are done discussing the apparent
positions and movements of stars in a course
of a night, next meeting we are going to
explore the changing positions of
constellations at different times of the year.

For your assignment, research on different

constellations present in specific seasons or
months of the year.

Do you have any more questions?

Clarifications? None, sir.
Okay. If there are no more questions, that is all
for today. Thank you, class, for participating. Good bye, sir.
Good bye.

Prepared by:

MARC LYNDON G. MORESCA

Teacher Intern

Noted by:

GENALYN A. NAZARENO
Cooperating Teacher