Jafri 208

Works Cited and Consulted

Abraham, M. H., and Geoffery Galt Harpham. A Handbook of Literary Terms.

Cengage Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2011.

Adams, Percy G. Travel Literature and Evolution of the Novel. The UP of Kentucky, 1983.

Agrawal, Devyani. “Diaspora Writings: A Journey through Space and Time.” OASIS. Edited

by Dr. Karan Singh and Dr. Amod Rai. Nitin Garg Publishers, vol. 4, no. 1, 2012, pp.79.

Ahmad, Aijaz. “Jameson’s Rhetoric of Otherness and the “National Allegory.”” Social Text,

1987, pp. 3-25.

Albertazzi, Silvia. “An Equal Music, an Alien World: Postcolonial Literature and the

Representation of European Culture”. European Review. Cambridge UP, pp. 103-113.

Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of

Nationalism. Verso, 2006.

Ashcroft, Bill, et al., The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Postcolonial

Literatures. Routledge, 1989.

---. Postcolonial Studies: The Key Concepts. 2nd ed., Routledge, 2007.

Asnani, Shyam M. “The Use of Myth in R. K. Narayan’s Novels.” The Literary Endeavour,

Edited by Vimala Rao, vol. iii, no. 3 and 4, 1982, pp. 19-30.

Bacon, Francis. The Essays: Or Counsels, Civil and Moral: And the Wisdom of the Ancients,

University Press: John Wilson and Son, Cambridge, 1914.

Bakhtin, Mikhail Mikhailovich. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essay. Ed. Michael
 Jafri 209

Holquist. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. University of Texas Press. 1981.

Baldick, Chris. Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. Oxford UP, 2015.

Barucha, Nilofer E., and Vrinda Nabar, editors. Mapping Cultural Spaces: Postcolonial

Indian Literature in English. Vision Books, 1998.

Beyer, James. “Pico Iyer And India: A Relationship Once Removed.” The Literature of

Indian Diaspora, edited by A. L. McLeod, Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 2000.

Bhabha, Homi K. The Location of Culture. Routledge, 1994.

Bharvani, Shakuntala. “Vikram Seth.” Debonair. Mar. 1993, pp. 86-88.

Bhatt, Indira and Indira Nityanandan. The Fiction of Amitav Ghosh. Creative Books, 2001.

Bhogaraju, Parvati. “Why Take Life Too Seriously? asks R.K.Narayan” (An Interview).

The Indian Express, 6 April, 1979.

Bloom, Harold, editor. Salman Rushdie (Bloom’s Modern Critical Views). Chelsea House

Publishers, 2003.

Boehmer, Elleke. Colonial and Postcolonial Literature. Oxford UP, 2005.

Boulton, Marjorie. The Anatomy of Prose. Kalyani Publishers, 1954.

Brah, Avtar. Cartographies of Diaspora: Contesting Identities. Routledge, 1997.

Braziel, Jana Evans and Anita Mannur. Theorising Diaspora: A Reader. Wiley-Blackwell,

2003.

Brennan, Timothy. “Postcolonial Studies and Globalization Theory.” The Postcolonial and
 Jafri 210

the Global, editors Rewathi Krishnaswamy and John C. Hawley. U of Minnesota P, 2007,

pp. 37-53.

---. Salman Rushdie and the Third World: Myths of Nation. Macmillan, 1989.

Burgin, Dr. Robert. Going Places: A Readers Guide to Travel Narrative. Libraries Unlimited,

2002.

Campbell, Mary Baine. “Travel Writing and its Theory.” The Cambridge Companion to

Travel Writing, edited by Peter Hulme and Tim Young, Cambridge UP, 2002.

Carey, John. “Vikram Seth’s Music for the Mind.” The Sunday Times of India, April 1993, p.

13.

Cesaire, Aime. “Discourse on Colonialism.” Colonial Discourse and Postcolonial Theory,

edited by P. Williams and L. Chrisman et al., Harvester Wheat Sheaf, pp. 172-180.

Chakrabarty, Dipesh. Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical

Difference, 2nd ed. Princeton UP, 2008.

---.“Post Coloniality and the Artifice of History: Who Speaks for “Indian” Pasts?”

Chandra, Nandini. “Different Gaze: Vikram Seth’s Journey through Mainland China.”

Vikram Seth: An Anthology of Recent Criticism, edited by J.G.V. Prasad, Pencraft

International, 2004, pp. 21-32.

Chandra, NDR., editor. Postcolonial Indian English Fiction: Critical Understanding.

Adhyayan Publishers and Distributors, 2010.

Chase, Richard. Quest for Myth, p. 6, 1949. Quoted by Meenakshi Mukherjee, The
 Jafri 211

Twice Born Fiction, p.130.

Chaubey, Ajay K., et al., editors. Salman Rushdie: An Anthology of 21st Century Criticism.

New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors, 2016.

Chaudhary, Bibhash, editor. ‘Amitav Ghosh: Critical Essays’. PHI Learning

Private Limited, 2016.

Clifford, James. ‘Notes on Travel and Theory’ in Travelling Theory, Travelling Theorist.

London: Inscriptions, 1998.

---. Routes: Travel and Translation in Late Twentieth Century. Massachusetts: Harvard UP,

1997.

---. “The Transit Lounge of Culture”, Times Literary Supplement, 4596 (3 May 1992), p.7

---. “Traveling Cultures.” Cultural Studies, 1992, pp. 96–116,

doi:10.1075/hts.4.tra18.

Cocker, Mark. Loneliness and Time: The Story of British Travel Writing. New York:

Pantheon Books, 1992.

Das, B. K. Twentieth Century Literary Criticism. Atlantic Publishers, 2004.

Denning, M. “Licensed to Look: James Bond and the Heroism of Consumption.” The James

Bond Phenomenon: A Critical Reader, edited by Lindler C. 2nd ed., Manchester,

Manchester University Press, pp. 56-88.

Devy, G. N. In Another Tongue: Essays on Indian English Literature. Macmillan, 1995, p.

 Jafri 212

153.

Devi, P. Indira. Salman Rushdie and Magic Realism. New Delhi: Research India Press, 2011.

De, Shobha. “There is something about Vikram.” The Sunday Observer, 11-17 April.

1996.

Devadawson, R. Christel. Reading India Writing England. New Delhi: Macmillan India Ltd,

2005.

Dingwaney, Anuradha. “Salman Rushdie”. A History of Indian Literature in English,

edited. Arvind Krishna Mehrotra. London: Hurst, 2003, pp. 308-317.

Dixon, Robert. “Travelling in the West: The Writings of Amitav Ghosh.” The Journal of

Commonwealth Literature. 31.1. 1996.

Edward, J. and Graulund, Rune. Editors. Postcolonial Travel Writing: Critical Exploration.

United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.

Fanon, Franz. The Wretched of the Earth. Translated by Constance Farrington. New York:

Grove Press, 1963.

---. Black Skin, White Masks. Translated by Charles Lam Markmann. New York: Grove

Press, 1967.

Frank, Soren. Migration and Literature. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

Frazer, Keith. Worst Journeys: The Picador Book of Travel 1991. Rupa, 1993.

Field, Michele. “Vikram Seth”. Publishers Weekly. 10 May. 1993: pp. 46-47.

Frye, Northrop. Fables of Identity: Studies in Poetic Mythology. New York, 1963, p. 27.
 Jafri 213

Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Alan

Sheridan, London and New York: Penguin, 1991.

Fussell, Paul. Abroad: British Literary Travelling between the Wars. Oxford: Oxford UP,

1980.

Gandhi, Leela. “A Choice of Histories’: Ghosh vs. Hegel in In an Antique Land,” editor.

Tabish Khair. Amitav Ghosh: A Critical Companion. New Delhi: Permanent Black, 2015.

---. Postcolonial Theory: A Critical Introduction. New Delhi: Oxford UP, 1999.

Guerin, Wilfred. L. A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature. New York: Oxford U

P. 2005.

Gupta, Meenu. Salman Rushdie: Re-Telling History through Fiction. Prestige Books, 2009.

Gurnah, Abdulrazak, editor. The Cambridge Companion to Salman Rushdie. Cambridge:

Cambridge UP, 2007.

Gabriel, Sharmani Patricia. “The Heteroglossia of Home: Rerouting the Boundaries of

National Identity in Amitav Ghosh’s The Shadow Lines”, editor. Murari Prasad. Amitav

Ghosh’s The Shadow Lines: A Critical Companion. New Delhi: Pencraft International,

2008.

Genette, Gerard. Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method. New York: Cornell University

Press, 1983.

Ghosh, Amitav. In an Antique Land: History in the Guise of a Traveller’s Tale. New Delhi:

Ravi Dayal Publishers, 1992.

 Jafri 214

---. The Imam and the Indian Prose Pieces. New Delhi: Ravi Dayal Publisher,

Permanent Black, 2002.

---. Dancing in Cambodia, At Large in Burma. New Delhi: Ravi Dayal, 1998.

Girla, Shiv. K. “Narayan’s World of Values.” Perspectives on R. K. Narayan, pp. 38-48.

Gokhale, Namita. “Vikram’s Vocalist Strains on Literary Landscapes”. The Times of

India. 4 May, 1999.

Groom, Eileen. Methods of Teaching Travel Literature and Writing: Exploring the World and

the Self. Cambridge U P, 2004.

Habib, M. A. R. A History of Literary Criticism: From Plato to Present. Blackwell

Publishing, 2005.

Hardy, Evelyn, editor. Thomas Hardy’s Note Books. London. 1995.

Harrex, S. C. “R. K. Narayan: Some Miscellaneous Writings” The Journal of Commonwealth

Literature, vol.13, no.1, Aug.1978, pp. 63-75.

Hartley, Lois. “Gods, Demons and Others (Rev.)” Literature East and West, vol.8, no.4, Feb

1964, p.152.

Hasan, Nazia. “In an Antique Land: Some Forgotten Shreds of the Past” in Novels of

Amitav Ghosh: Imperialism, Partitions and Essential Re-Narratives. Bahri Publications,

Holland, Patrick and Graham Huggan. Tourists with Typewriters: Critical Reflections on

Contemporary Travel Writing. U of Michigan P, 1998.

Hollander, Paul. Political Pilgrims: Travels of Western Intellectuals to the Soviet Union,
 Jafri 215

China and Cuba 1928-1978. Oxford U P, 1981.

Hooper, Glenn. Perspective on Travel Writings. Ashgate. 2004.

Hulme, Peter. “Travelling to Write (1940-2000)”, in Hulme and Young, editors., The

Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing, pp. 87-101.

Hulme, Peter. Tim Young. “Talking about Travel Writing: A Conversation between Peter

Hulme and Tim Young”, English Association, U of Leicester, 2007.

---. Editors. Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing. Cambridge UP, 2002.

Hutcheon, Linda. A Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction. New York.

Routledge, 1992.

Islam, Syed Manzurul. The Ethics of Travel: From Marco Polo to Kafka. Manchester UP,

1996.

Ivison, Douglas. “Travel Writing at the End of Empire: A Pom Named Bruce and the Mad

White Giant”. Lakehead University, 2003.

Iyenger, K. R. Srinivasa. Indian Writing in English, Prestige Books, 1999.

Iyer, Pico. Cuba and the Night, Vintage. 1996.

---. “English in India: Still All the Raj”. New York Times. Book Review, 27, 10th Aug.

1997.

---. Falling Off the Map: Some Lonely Places of the World. Vintage Departures, 1994.

---. The Lady and the Monk: Four Seasons in Kyoto. New York. Knopf. 1991.

---. Video night in Kathmandu: And Other Reports from the Not-So-Far-East. Vintage
 Jafri 216

Departures, 1989.

Jain, Jasbir. Writers of the Indian Diaspora: Theory and Practice. Jaipur: Rawat Publications,

1998.

Jameson, Fredrick. “Third World Literature in the Era of Multinational Capitalism.” Social

Text. Duke University Press, vol.15, pp. 65-88.

Jha, Vivekananda. The Novels of Amitav Ghosh: An Analytical Appraisal. B. R. Publishing

Corporation,

Joshi, Rita. “The Writer as a Traveller: The World of Vikram Seth”. World Literature Today.

2008, pp. 47-50

Kain, Geoffrey. R. K. Narayan: Contemporary Critical Perspectives. Michigan

State U P, 1993.

Kalinnlkova, E. J. Indian Literature in English. Moscow: Nauk Publishing House, 1974.

Kapur, Akash. “The Seth Variations”. The Times of India. 4 June. 1999.

Kapur, Mini. “Seth Sans Suspense”. The Express Magazine. 25 April. 1994.

Kanaganayakam, Chelva. “Counterrealism as Alternative Literary History.” Counter Realism

and Indo-Anglian Fiction. Wilfred Lawier UP, Canada. 2002.

---. “The Fabulator of Malgudi: R. K. Narayan” Counter Realism and Indo-Anglian

Fiction. Wilfred Lawier UP. Canada. 2002.

---. “Fabulating the Real: Salman Rushdie.” Counter Realism and Indo-Anglian Fiction.

Wilfred Lawier UP. Canada. 2002.

 Jafri 217

Khair, Tabish, editor. Amitav Ghosh: A Critical Companion. Permanent Black, 2005.

Kiteley, Brian. “Trapped by Language: On Amitav Ghosh’s In an Antique Land”. Web. Date

of Access: 22nd/ Oct/ 2015.

http://mysite.du.edu/~bkiteley/ghoshtalk.html.

Knowles, Sam. Travel Writing and the Transnational Author. Palgrave Macmillan,

2014.

Kooria, Mahmood. “Between the Walls of Archives and Horizons of Imagination: An

Interview with Amitav Ghosh.” Itinerario, vol. 36, no. 3, 2012, pp. 7-18.

Korte, Barbara. English Travel Writing: From Pilgrimages to Post Colonial Explorations,

translated by Catherine Mathias. NewYork: McMillan, 2000.

Kuortti, Joel. Fictions to Live in Narration as an Argument for Fiction in Salman Rushdie’s

Novels. New York: Peter Lang, 1998.

Lackey, Kris. Road Frames: The American Highway Narrative. U of Nebraska P,

1997.

Lindsay, Alan. “Salman Rushdie, History and the Contemporary Novel.” The Literature of

Indian Diaspora: Essays in Criticism, edited by A. L. McLeod, Sterling Publishers,

2000, pp. 170-87.

Lindsay, Clair. “Travel Writing and Postcolonial Studies” in The Routledge Companion to

Travel Writing. Routledge, 2015.

Lisle, Debbie. The Global Politics of Contemporary Travel Writing. Cambridge UP, 2006.
 Jafri 218

Majeed, Javed. Amitav Ghosh’s In an Antique Land: The Ethnographer-Historian and the

Limits of Irony”. Journal of Commonwealth Literature. 30.2. 1995, pp. 45-55.

Majumdar, Sharmila Guha. “The Shadow Lines and In an Antique Land: Some Thematic

Considerations.” Amitav Ghosh’s The Shadow Lines. Edited by Movy Kapadia. Asia

Books Club, 2001, pp.130-1.

Martens, Stephanie B. The Americas in Early Modern Political Theory: States of Nature and

Aboriginality, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, p. 18.

Maya, D. Narrating the Self: Vikram Seth’s From Heaven Lake and Naipaul’s An Area of

Darkness. Prestige Books, 2001.

McLeod, A.L., Editor. The Literature of Indian Diaspora. Sterling Publishers, 2000.

Mehta, Ved. Walking the Indian Streets. London: Faber and Faber, 1960.

---.“The Train had just arrived at Malgudi Station”. John is Easy to Please. Penguin, 1971.

Menon, Nirmala. ‘Rerouting the Postcolonial Canon through Linguistic Remapping: Why

Remap?’ editors. Wilson, Sandru, and Lawson Welsh, 2010, pp. 218-31.

Melman, Billie. “The Middle East Arabia: The Cradle of Islam”

Mishra, Vijay. “Diaspora and Art of Impossible Mourning.” In Diaspora: Theories,

Histories, Texts. Ed. Markarand Paranjape. Indialog Publication, 2001.

---. The Literature of Indian Diaspora: Theorising the Diasporic Imaginary. Routledge,

2007.

Mistry, Cyrus. “I don’t Aspire to Rushdie Writing.” Times of India. January 22, 2014.
 Jafri 219

Mittapalli, Rajeshwar, Pier Paolo Piciucco, editors. Preface. Studies in Indian Writing in

English, Vol. 2, Atlantic Publishers, 2001, pp. 1-10.

Mongia, Padmini. Contemporary Postcolonial Theory: A Reader. Arnold, 1996.

---.“Medieval Travels in Postcolonial Times: Amitav Ghosh’s In an Antique Land”,

Editors. Glenn Hooper and Tim Young. Perspectives on Travel Writing. Ashgate

Publishing Ltd, 2004.

Moynagh, Maureen Anne. “The Postcolonial Migrant as Political Tourist: Salman Rushdie’s

The Jaguar Smile: Political Tourism and its Texts. University of Toronto

Press, 2008, pp.177-212.

Mukherjee, Ankhi. What is a Classic? Postcolonial Rewriting and Invention of the Canon.

Stanford University Press, 2013.

Mukherjee, Meenakshi. Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children: A Book of Readings. Pencraft, 2003.

---. The Perishable Empire: Essay on Indian Writing in English. Oxford U P, 2002.

---. The Twice Born Fiction: Themes and Techniques of Indian Novel in English. Heinemann

Educational Books, 1971.

Nandy, Ashish. The Intimate Enemy: Loss and Recovery of Self under Colonialism. Oxford

UP, 1983.

Naik, M. K. and Shaymala A. Narayan. Indian English Literature 1980-2000: A Critical

Survey. Pencraft International, 2001.

Naik, M.K. The Journal of Commonwealth Literature, Sage Publishing p. 72.

 Jafri 220

---. “R. K. Narayan and The Spirit of Place”. The Literary Endeavour. Editor. Vimala Rao.

vol. iii, no. 3 and 4. Mysore. 1982.

---. The History of Indian English Literature. Sahitya Akademi, 2017.

Naipaul, V.S. India: A Million Mutinies Now. New York: Viking, 1990.

---. India: A Wounded Civilization. New York: Knopf, 1977.

---. An Area of Darkness. New Delhi: Penguin Books, 1968.

---. The Middle Passage: Impressions of Five Societies, British, French and Dutch, in

the West Indies. Andre Deutsch, 1962.

Narasimhaiah, C.D. Commonwealth Literature: Heirloom of Multiple Heritage. Pencraft

International, 1995.

---. The Indian Critical Scene: Controversial Essays. B.R. Publication, 1990.

---. “The Swan and the Eagle.” Essays on Indian English Literature. Indian Institute of

Advanced Study, 1987.

Narayan, R. K. The Emerald Route, Penguin Random House India, Haryana, 1999.

---. Introduction to Gods, Demons and Others. Indian Thought Publications. Mysore.

1965.

---. My Days: A Memoir, Indian Thought Publications, 1975.

---. My Dateless Diary: An American Journey, Penguin Random House India, 1988.

---. Mysore (Travel). Mysore: The Government Press, 1938.

---. Reluctant Guru, (Essays, Sketches and Travelogues). Hind Pocket Books, 1974.
 Jafri 221

---. “English in India: The Process of Transmutation”. Aspects of Indian Writing in

English, editor. M. K. Naik. Mcmillan, 1979, pp. 19-23.

Nayar, Pramod K. Contemporary Literary and Cultural Theory: From Structuralism to

Ecocriticism. Pearson, 2010.

---. Postcolonial Literature: An Introduction. Pearson Longman, 2008.

Nixon, Rob. “Environmentalism and Postcolonialism.” Postcolonial Studies and Beyond,

Edited by Ania Loomba, Permanent Black, 2006.

---. London Calling: V. S. Naipaul, Postcolonial Mandarin. Oxford UP, 1992.

Ogden, C.K. and I.A. Richards. The Meaning of Meaning: A Study of the Influence of

Language upon Thought and of the Science of Symbolism. Edited by John Constable.

Routledge. 2001.

Ondaatje, Michael. Running in the Family. Picador, 1984.

Pandey, Mithiliesh. K. “Environmental Imagination: The Poetry of William Wordsworth and

Kazuyosi Ikeda”. The Indian Journal of English Studies. Edited by Dr. Binod Mishra,

vol. LV. Association of English Studies of India. 2018.

Pandurang, Mala. Vikram Seth: Multiple Locations, Multiple Affiliations. Rawat Publications,

2001.

Parameswaran, Uma. “Handcuffed to History: Salman Rushdie’s Art.” ARIEL: A Review of

International English Literature, vol.14, no. 4, pp. 34-45. October 1983.

Patel, D.R. Vasant S. V.S. Naipaul’s India. Standard Publishers, 2010.

 Jafri 222

Paul, Seema. “The Great Indian Novelist”. The Telegraph Magazine. 21 February. 1993: 12.

Phillips, Caryl. A New World Order: Selected Essays. Vintage, 2001.

Porter, Dennis. Haunted Journeys: Desire and Transgression in European Travel Writing.

Princeton U P, 1991.

Prasad, JGV. Vikram Seth: An Anthology of Recent Criticism. Pencraft International, 2004.

Prasad, Murari, editor. Amitav Ghosh’s The Shadow Lines: A Critical Companion. Pencraft

International, 2008.

Pratt, Mary Louise. Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation. Routledge, 1992.

Quinn, Edward. A Dictionary of Literary and Thematic Terms. Checkmark Books, 1999.

Ramraj, Victor J. “Diasporas and Multiculturalism.” New National Post-Colonial Literatures.

Edited by Bruce King. Oxford U P, 1996, pp. 214-219.

Rao. K.S.N. “My Days by R K Narayan”. Books Abroad, vol. 49, no. 2, 1975, p. 390.

Rao, Vimala, editor. The Literary Endeavour. vol. iii, no.3 and 4. Mysore, 1982.

Ray, K. Mohit, Rama Kundu, editors. Salman Rushdie: Critical Essays. Vol. II,

Atlantic Publishers and Distributors, 2006.

Reder, Michael. “Conversations with Salman Rushdie.” University of Mississippi Press,

2000.

Roy, Amit. “Vikram Seth’s From Heaven Lake.” The Telegraph. 29 August. 1992, p.15.

Roy, Anjali Gera. “Cosmopolitans of Borderless Space.” In Pursuit of Amitav Ghosh, editor.

Tapan Ghosh. Orient Black Swan 2013, p.64.

 Jafri 223

Robinson, Mike and Hans Christian Anderson, editors. Literature and Tourism: Reading and

Writing Tourism Texts. Continuum, 2002.

Sukhija, Romika Batra. “In an Antique Land – A Postcolonial Travelogue.” OASIS. Edited by

Dr. Karan Singh and Dr. Amod Rai. Nitin Garg Publishers, vol. 4, no. 1, 2012, pp. 87.

Rushdie, Salman. The Jaguar Smile: A Nicaraguan Journey. Vintage, 2007.

---. Imaginary Homelands: Essays and Criticism 1981-91. Granta, 1991.

---. Step Across This Line: Collected Non-Fiction 1992-2002. Vintage Books, 2003.

---. “An Interview.” Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, web. 11 Sep. 2017.

---. An Interview with Rani Dharkar. Salman Rushdie Interviews: A Sourcebook of his

Ideas. Edited by. P.S. Chauhan. Greenwood Press, 1989, pp. 47-62.

---. Midnight’s Children. Random House, 2010 (1981).

---. Shame. Jonathan Cape, 1983.

---. “The Right Time for an Islamic Reformation,” web. 16 Aug. 2018.

Russell, John. “Travel Memoir as Nonfiction Novel: Michael Ondaatje’s Running in the

Family”, ARIEL, vol.22, no. 2, April 1991, pp. 23-40.

Said, Edward. “Foreword” in Selected Subaltern Studies, editors. Gayatri Chakraborty

Spivak and Ranjit Guha. Oxford U P, 1988.

Sdb, A.J. Sebastian. The Poetry of G.M. Hopkins: An Ecological Study. Adhyayan Publishers

and Distributors, 2009.

Shankar, S. “Midnight’s Orphans: or a Postcolonial worth its Name.” Cultural Critique, vol.
 Jafri 224

56, no.1, 2004, pp. 64-95.

Sen, Krishna. “Mapping Travel Travelling Maps: Spatial History in Amitav Ghosh’s The

Shadow Lines”. Edited by Murari Prasad. Amitav Ghosh’s The Shadow Lines: A Critical

Companion. Pencraft International, 2008.

Sen, Simothy. Travels to Europe: Self and Other in Bengali Travel Narrative 1870-1910.

Orient Longman Private Limited. 2005.

Sengupta, S. “In an Antique Land and Historicity in Fiction: A Postcolonial Attitude.”

Indian Fiction of the Nineties. Edited by R. S. Pathak. Creative Books, 1997.

Seth, Leela. On Balance: An Autobiography. Penguin Books, 2003.

Seth, Vikram. From Heaven Lake: Travels through Sinkiang and Tibet. Penguin Random

House Company, 1983.

Shamash, Jack. Mindless in Gaza. 1-2 in Travel Writing. Edited by Geoff Barton. Oxford U

P, 1994.

Sherman, William H., “Stirrings and Searchings (1500-1720)” in The Cambridge Companion

to Travel Writing. Edited by Peter Hulme and Tim Youngs. Cambridge UP, 2002, pp. 17-

36.

Sinha, Prerana. Vikram Seth: A Suitable Writer: A Critical Response. Creative

Books, 2007.

---. “Introduction: Vikram Seth in the Indo-European Tradition.” Creative Books, 2007.

---. “A Few Compelling Moments: Travel through Sinkiang and Tibet, Mappings and The
 Jafri 225

Humble Administrator’s Garden.” 1998.

Singh, Dr Karan. Dr Amod Rai, editors. “OASIS.” SPEIL, vol. 4, no. 1, June 2012.

Singh, Khushwant. “The Genius of Vikram Seth”. The Hindustan Times. 18 April. 1993:13

Singh, Gurdiyal. “Vikram Seth: Creating Music with Words.” The Times of India. 27

April.1999:12.

Singh, Ratandeep. Dynamics of Modern Tourism. Kanshka Publishers. 1998.

Spurr, David. The Rhetoric of Empire: Colonial Discourse in Journalism, Travel Writing and

Imperial Administration. Duke University Press, 1993.

Srinath, C.N. R K Narayan: An Anthology of Recent Criticism. Pencraft International, 2000.

Srivastava, Neelam. “Amitav Ghosh’s Ethnographic Fiction: Intertextual Links between In

An Antique Land and his Doctoral Thesis”. The Journal of Commonwealth Literature, vol.

36. 2001, pp.45-64.

Sturken, Marita and Lisa Cartwright, Practices of Looking: An Introduction to Visual

Culture. (2009)

Suleri, Sara. The Rhetoric of English India. London and Chicago: The University of Chicago

Press. 1992.

Sundaram, P.S. R. K. Narayan. Arnold-Heinemann, 1973.

Teverson, Andrew. Salman Rushdie: 2007. Viva Books, 2010.

---. Salman Rushdie: Contemporary World Writers. Manchester University Press, 2007.

Tharoor, Shashi. “Rushdie’s ‘Overratist’ Indianness from Midnight to Millennium.”

 Jafri 226

Midnight’s Diaspora: Encounters with Salman Rushdie. Edited by Daniel Herwitz and

Ashutosh Varshney, Penguin/Viking, 2009, pp. 122-35.

Pappas, Theodore, edited. The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and

General Literature. Fifteenth Edition, vol. 10. Little Brown and Company.

Thiara, Nicole Weickgenannt. Salman Rushdie and Indian Historiography. Palgrave

Macmillan, 2009.

Thieme, John. “So Few Rainbows Anymore”? Cinema, Nostalgia and the Concept of

“Home” in Salman Rushdie’s Fiction.” The SPIEL Journal of English Studies. Edited by

S.Z.H. Abidi, vol.1, no.2, July 2005, pp. 23-34.

---. “The Discoverer Discovered.” Amitav Ghosh: A Critical Companion. Edited by Tabish

Khair. Permanent Black, 2003.

Thiher, Allan. Words in Reflection: Modern Language Theory and Postmodern Fiction.

University of Chicago Press, 1989.

Thiong’o, Ngugi wa. Decolonizing the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature.

East African Educational Publishers Ltd., 1986.

Thompson, Carl. Travel Writing. Routledge, 2011.

---. The Suffering Traveller and the Romantic Imagination. Clarendon P, 2007.

Tiwari, Shubha. Amitav Ghosh: A Critical Study. Atlantic Publishers. 2003.

Trivedi, H. C. and N.C. Soni. “Narayan’s Dateless Diary.” The Journal of Indian Writing in

English, vol. 3, no. 1, Jan 1975, pp. 25-39.

 Jafri 227

Trivedi, Harish and Meenakshi Mukherjee, editors. Interrogating Postcolonialism: Theory,

Text and Context. Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 1996.

Trousdale, Rachel. Nabokov, Rushdie and the Transnational Imagination: Novels of Exile

and Alternate Worlds. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.

Uniyal, Ranu. “Salman Rushdie. The Jaguar Smile: A Nicaraguan Journey.” The Rising

Nation. Sept 1987, p.79.

Updike, John. “A Writer Immersed in his Material.” Span, April 1975.

Upstone, Sara. Spatial Politics in Postcolonial Novel. Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2009.

Vassanji, M. G. “The Postcolonial Writer: Myth Maker and Folk Historian.” A Meeting of

Streams: South Asian Canadian Literature. Toronto: TSAR, 1985, pp. 63-68.

Verma, K. Pavan. Becoming Indian. Penguin Books, 2010.

Walsh, William. R. K. Narayan. Longman, 1971.

---. “Sweat Mangoes and Malt Vinegar: The Novels of R K Narayan”. A Human Idiom:

Literature and Humanity. London. 1964.

---. R. K. Narayan: A Critical Appreciation. Allied Publishers, 1983.

Wilson, Reuel K. The Literary Travelogue: A Comparative Study with Special Relevance to

Russian Literature from Fonzivin to Pushkin. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1973.

Wise, Gordon. “Salman Rushdie’s Interview with Gordon Wise.” Gentleman, 1984, p. 59.

Yesapogu, Dr. Venkateswarlu, “The New Historical Dimensions of Discursive Historicism-

In the Fiction of Amitav Ghosh –A Critical Perspective.” American Research Journal of

 Jafri 228

English and Literature (ARJEL), vol. 2016, pp. 1-8.

Young, Robert. Colonial Desire: Hybridity in Theory, Culture and Race. Routledge, 1995.

Young, Robert J.C. Postcolonialism: A Historical Introduction. Blackwell, 2000.

Young, Tim. The Cambridge Introduction to Travel Writing. Cambridge UP, 2013.

---. Travel Writing in the Nineteenth Century: Filling the Blank Spaces. Anthem P, 2006.

---. Travellers in Africa: British Travelogues, 1850-1900. Manchester University Press, 1994.

---. “Interview with William Dalrymple.” Studies in Travel Writing, vol. 9, 2005, pp. 37-63.