Parmar SSC: Indus Valley Civilization
Parmar SSC: Indus Valley Civilization
Parmar SSC: Indus Valley Civilization
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Indus Valley civilization
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Name by: John Marshall Director of Archaeological Survey of India
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Cunningham (Father of Archeology)
Spread Across
India
Punjab
Haryana
Rajasthan
Western Uttar Pradesh
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Pakistan
Punjab
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Sindh
Baluchistan
Manda (J & K)
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Sutkagendor
Alamgirpur (Uttar
(Baluchistan)
Pradesh)
Daimabad (Maharashtra)
Highly populated
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Tin found here
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R Bronze found here
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Citadel
Town Planning
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Lower Town:
Common people stayed
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Great Bath
Storage of grains
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Largest building/structure
Found in: Mohenjadaro
Rectangular shape
Granary at Harappa
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Manholes in middle
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Agriculture
Domestication of Animals
Cow domestication
Asses and Camels for good carriers
Horse evidence: Surkotada (only single bone found)
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Technology and Crafts
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Bronze tools found
They did not know about Iron
Occupation: textile, brick layering, boat making, bead Boat shown in seal
making/jewellery making
Jadeite stone: found in Daojali Hading (Assam)
Gold ornaments found Bought from Karnataka
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Pottery, Potter’s wheel found (Red and Black pots)
Made of:
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Trade Steatite
Terracotta
Through evidence of seals
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Known as Meluha
Weights and measures found Well defined (16/multiples)
No currency used Barter system prevalent
Shortughai
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(Trading colony)
Intermediate
Stations
Two rivers:
Tigress
Euphrates Jadeite stone
Trading sites
Also traded: Lapis Lazuli (Blue precious stone)
Polity
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No temple found
Priest class domination
Trading community May have been ruled by a Merchant class
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Religious Practices
Worshipped:
Phallus: Male yoni/genital organ
Yoni: Female genital organ
They worshipped trees
Worshipped animals
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Images
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Bearded man
Dancing girl statue
Made of steatite
Made of Bronze
In Tribhanga Mudra
(Form of dance) Obtained from Mohenjadaro
Site River/Year/Discoverer Characteristics Features
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Mohenjadaro Indus, by R. D. Banerjee Bronze dancing girl statute,
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(Sindh) bearded man (made of steatite),
clay figure of mother Goddess,
Known as: Mount of dead great bath, granary
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Types of Burials
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Coffin Burial
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Found in Harappa
Double burial
Joint burial
Seen in Lothal
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