This document discusses key concepts in perception psychology. It defines perception as how organisms process raw sensory information to form a representation of the world and use that to navigate problems. The main functions of perception are attention, localization, recognition, abstraction, and constancy. Attention allows filtering of relevant stimuli through selective attention mechanisms like eye movements. Localization involves separating figures from ground, grouping objects, and perceiving distance through depth cues. Recognition matches sensory features to stored representations through feature detection and context. Abstraction reduces vast sensory information to manageable categories. Constancy maintains perceptions of characteristics like shape and color when manifestations change.
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This document discusses key concepts in perception psychology. It defines perception as how organisms process raw sensory information to form a representation of the world and use that to navigate problems. The main functions of perception are attention, localization, recognition, abstraction, and constancy. Attention allows filtering of relevant stimuli through selective attention mechanisms like eye movements. Localization involves separating figures from ground, grouping objects, and perceiving distance through depth cues. Recognition matches sensory features to stored representations through feature detection and context. Abstraction reduces vast sensory information to manageable categories. Constancy maintains perceptions of characteristics like shape and color when manifestations change.
This document discusses key concepts in perception psychology. It defines perception as how organisms process raw sensory information to form a representation of the world and use that to navigate problems. The main functions of perception are attention, localization, recognition, abstraction, and constancy. Attention allows filtering of relevant stimuli through selective attention mechanisms like eye movements. Localization involves separating figures from ground, grouping objects, and perceiving distance through depth cues. Recognition matches sensory features to stored representations through feature detection and context. Abstraction reduces vast sensory information to manageable categories. Constancy maintains perceptions of characteristics like shape and color when manifestations change.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
This document discusses key concepts in perception psychology. It defines perception as how organisms process raw sensory information to form a representation of the world and use that to navigate problems. The main functions of perception are attention, localization, recognition, abstraction, and constancy. Attention allows filtering of relevant stimuli through selective attention mechanisms like eye movements. Localization involves separating figures from ground, grouping objects, and perceiving distance through depth cues. Recognition matches sensory features to stored representations through feature detection and context. Abstraction reduces vast sensory information to manageable categories. Constancy maintains perceptions of characteristics like shape and color when manifestations change.
Copyright:
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Psychology
Dr: Nasif Lec: -2-
18-Oct-06
PERCEPTION
• The study of perception deals with the question of how organisms process and organize incoming raw sensory information in order to : • 1-Form a coherent representation or model of the world within which the organism dwells. • 2-Use that representation to solve naturally occuring problems such as navigating ,grasping and planning
• The sensory system and the brain must have some means of screening the incoming information- allowing through only the information relevant to the task at hands and filtering out the irrelevant information.
Selective attention • Select some stimuli for further processing while ignoring others. • IN VISION • Eye Movements • Fixations and saccades • Fixation(300 msec) • Saccade(20msec)
• Attention is multimodal
• IN AUDITION
1 • CUES
• Direction of the voice
• Speakers lip movements • Particular characteristics of the speakers voice • Meaning
• LACK OF ATTENTION DOES NOT BLOCK MESSAGES ENTIRELY:
RATHER ,IT ATTENUATES THEM
LOCALIZATION
• Separation and Organization
• Separation of objects: • Figure and ground principle
• Perceiving Distance: • (Depth perception) • DEPTH CUES :Different kinds of visual information that logically or mathematically ,provide information about some objects depth.
• A- Binocular depth cues
• B- Monocular depth cues
• BINOCULAR D.C
Different views by each eye (the index finger experiment)
2 Perceiving motion • Localizing an object sometimes requires that we know the direction in which an object is moving. • Stroboscopic motion • Real motion • Selective adaptation • Specific cells in the visual cortex • Motor regions in put about our eye movements to visual cortex.
RECOGNITION • Recognizing an object amounts to assigning it to a category and is based mainly on the shape of the object. • Early stages: using retinal information to describe the object in terms of – features- like lines and angles (feature detector cells-visual cortex) • Later stages: matching of features with shape descriptions stored in memory
• Matching can be explained by either connectionist model or network
• Features of objects are complex (geometric forms such as cylinders • ,cones , blocks ,and wedges).
• Perception of an object is easier when it fits the context in which it occurs :
this is particularly true of ambiguous figures (figures that can be perceived in more than one way ).
ABSTRACTION • THE PROCESS OF REDUCING THE VAST AMOUNT OF INFORMATION THAT COMES IN FROM THE PHYSICAL WORLD THROUH OUR SENSES TO A MORE MANAGABLE SET OF CATEGORIES.
3 PERCEPTUAL CONSTANCY • Constancy refers to the brains ability to maintain a perception of the underlying physical characteristics of an object, such as shape , size, or color, even when the sensory manifestations • of this object change drastically.
• Color and brightness
• Shape • Size
Perceptual Development
• The extent to which perceptual capacities are inborn and the extent to which they are learned.
