Edexcel

IGCSE
BIOLOGY
Use of Biological Resources
Cloning 1

Time allowed
59 minutes

QUESTION PAPER

Score Percentage

/49 %
4.1 | CELL BIOLOGY | QUESTION PAPER 1 1
1 (a) Describe how the process of micropropagation (tissue culture) can be used to
produce plants with desirable characteristics.
(5)

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(b) Plants can also be produced from seeds.

Give two advantages of using micropropagation rather than using seeds to
produce plants with desirable characteristics.
(2)

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(Total for Question = 7 marks)

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2 Describe the stages used to produce a cloned mammal.
(5)

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(Total for Question = 5 marks)

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 3 The diagram shows one side of an organ donor card.

I request that after my death

A. any part of my body may be used for the treatment
of others , or
B. my kidneys corneas heart lungs
liver pancreas be used for transplantation.

Signature Date
______________________________________________

Full name
______________________________________________
(BLOCK CAPITALS)
In the event of my death, if possible contact:

Name Tel.
______________________________________________
Remember to tell someone close to you that you want to be an
organ donor. We’ll need their agreement if the time ever comes.

(a) The table lists different human illnesses.

Complete the table by giving the donated organ named on the card needed to
cure each illness. The first one has been done for you.
(5)

Illness Organ needed to cure illness

uremia kidney

emphysema

coronary failure

diabetes

hepatitis

poor vision

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 (b) Describe the role of the liver in digestion.
(2)

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(c) There is a shortage of people willing to donate their organs. Scientists hope to
create cloned organisms to solve this problem.
(i) What is a cloned organism?
(2)

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(ii) Suggest two advantages of using cloned organisms to provide organs rather
than relying on people to donate organs.
(2)

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(Total for Question = 11 marks)

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4 During the cloning of mammals unfertilised eggs are collected from the female.

These unfertilised eggs are stored in a special nutrient solution before they are fertilised.
Design an investigation to find the best storage temperature for the survival of the
unfertilised eggs.
Your answer should include experimental details and be written in full sentences.
(6)

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(Total for Question = 6 marks)

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5 The passage describes tissue culture in plants.

Complete the passage by writing a suitable word or words in each of the spaces.
(10)

Plant scientists use the technique of micropropagation to produce large numbers of genetically

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A small fragment of plant, called an . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................. , is cut using a scalpel.

The scalpel needs to be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................. to reduce the risk of contamination by

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The fragment is then placed in a vessel containing a ........................................................................................................ medium.

This medium needs to contain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................................................ , to provide the growing plants

with energy. It also contains mineral ions such as magnesium for

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for amino acids. The advantages of micropropagation include the ability to produce

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at .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . time of year.

(Total for Question = 10 marks)

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6 The photograph shows a mouflon sheep. The wool of this sheep is very valuable.

© Volker.G

This breed of sheep is only found in small numbers on some Mediterranean islands.
Scientists hope to increase the population of mouflon sheep using cloning.
Describe the steps that need to be taken to clone mouflon sheep.
(5)

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(Total for Question = 5 marks)

7 The diagram shows stages in the cloning process that produced Dolly the sheep.

donor nucleus
stage 1
stage 2
P

stage 5

stage 4

Q stage 3
stage 6

stage 8 stage 7

(a) The table lists three events that take place in the cloning process that produced
Dolly the sheep.
Complete the table by giving the number of the stage when each event takes
place.
(3)

Event Stage number

cell division produces an embryo

an embryo is put into a surrogate mother

an egg cell is collected from a female sheep

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(b) Which sheep in the diagram is Dolly?
(1)
A P
B Q
C R
D S
(c) Which sheep are genetically identical?
(1)
A P, Q, R and S
B P and Q
C P and S
D P and R

(Total for Question = 5 marks)

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