Stat Q4 WK1 Las3

Name: ______________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________ Score: __________
Statistics and Probability

School: ______________________ Teacher: ___________________________ Subject: _________________________
JANRIE M. RAGUINE, MAT
LAS Writer: _____________________________________ JOHANNAH Y. ACHURRA
Content Editor: ____________________________________
FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS (Q4 – Wk. 1, LAS 3)
Lesson Topic: ______________________________________________________________________________________
1. Formulate the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses on a population mean.
Learning Targets: ___________________________________________________________________________________
(M11/12SP–IVb–1)
___________________________________________________________________________________
Sevilla, Consuelo G. Research Methods. (C.M. Recto Avenue Manila, Philippines: Rex Bookstore,
Reference(s): ______________________________________________________________________________________
2009) pp. 14 – 19
______________________________________________________________________________________
CONTENT FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis Testing is the process of using statistics to evaluate the utility and validity of the research theory, and
this activity always begins with formulating statement or expectation to a certain phenomenon.
These are the things to consider in formulating hypotheses:
1. It should be reasonable, stated in definite terms;
2. It should follow the findings of the previous studies;
3. It should be testable, stated in well-defined operational form (mean or proportion).
These are the steps in formulating null and alternative hypothesis:
1. Check the type of measurement used on the given. Use “µ” for mean/ average and “p” for proportion.
2. Assess whether the statement denotes a direction. Hint: a directional hypothesis contains greater than, less than,
at least, at most, and other similar terms.
3. Use the following symbol for null hypothesis: 4. Use the following symbol for alternative hypothesis:
For non-directional statement: For non-directional statement:
Ho : 𝜇 = ___ Ho: p = ___ Ha: µ ≠ ___ Ha: p ≠ ___
For directional statement: For directional statement:
Ho: µ ≥ ___ Ho: µ ≤ ___ Ha: µ < ___ Ha: µ > ___
Ho: p ≥ ___ Ho: p ≤ ___ Ha: p < ___ Ha: p > ___
Illustrative Example 2:
Illustrative Example 1: (Directional Alternative Hypothesis) Illustrative Example 3:
(Non-Directional Hypothesis) (Directional Alternative Hypothesis)
Private universities' mean tuition cost is
The mean number of years Filipinos more than ₱110,000 per year. The average TV viewing time of all five-
work before retiring is 34. year old children is less than 3 hours
Null Hypothesis: daily.
Null Hypothesis: Ho: The mean tuition for private
Ho: The mean number of years Filipinos universities cost less than or equal to Null Hypothesis:
work before retiring is 34. ₱110,000 per year. Ho: The average TV viewing time of all
Ho: µ = 34 Ho: µ ≤ ₱110,000 five-year old children is greater
Alternative Hypothesis: Alternative Hypothesis: than or equal to 3 hours daily.
Ha: The mean number of years Filipinos Ha: The mean tuition for private Ho: µ ≥ 3
work before retiring is not 34. universities cost more than ₱110,000 Alternative Hypothesis:
Ha: µ ≠ 34 per year. Ha: The average TV viewing time
Notes: Ha: µ > ₱110,000 of all five-year old children is less
*We used the “µ” since it’s an average than 3 hours daily.
Notes:
Ha: µ < 3
measurement, otherwise we will be * We used the “≤” for the null hypothesis,
using “p” as symbol for proportion. to negate the given statement which is
*We used ≠ for this given example since already the alternative hypothesis.
the given does not require certain * Always pay attention to the given, often
direction. it is in the form of null hypothesis, but it
can also be in alternative hypothesis form.
Activity: A. Determine whether the given statement is an example

Complete the following task using the reference of null hypothesis or alternative hypothesis.
statement inside the box. 1.
2.
3.
1. The mean starting salary of nurses in Metro Manila is 4.
₱12,500 per month. B. Write the following statements in symbols.
2. The mean number of cars a person owns in her 1. 3.
lifetime is not more than ten. 2. 4.
3. The average IQ of students in Pasig City is assumed
to be 100. C. Determine whether the given requires a directional or
4. The average laptop battery can last for more than 15 non-directional hypothesis.
hours of active usage. 1.
2.
3.
4.

Stat Q4 WK1 Las3

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Name: ____________________________ Grade & Section: _ Score:

Statistics and Probability

CONTENT FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS

Activity: A. Determine whether the given statement is an example

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