The document contains 5 questions in Part A and 4 questions in Part B about linear algebra and differential equations. Part A covers finding orthogonal trajectories of a family of curves, solving initial value problems, solving first order differential equations, and using methods like variation of parameters and undetermined coefficients to solve higher order constant coefficient differential equations. Part B continues with questions on existence and uniqueness of solutions to initial value problems, using Laplace transforms to solve an initial value problem with a Dirac Delta function, taking inverse Laplace transforms, and finding the general solution to a system of linear differential equations.
The document contains 5 questions in Part A and 4 questions in Part B about linear algebra and differential equations. Part A covers finding orthogonal trajectories of a family of curves, solving initial value problems, solving first order differential equations, and using methods like variation of parameters and undetermined coefficients to solve higher order constant coefficient differential equations. Part B continues with questions on existence and uniqueness of solutions to initial value problems, using Laplace transforms to solve an initial value problem with a Dirac Delta function, taking inverse Laplace transforms, and finding the general solution to a system of linear differential equations.
The document contains 5 questions in Part A and 4 questions in Part B about linear algebra and differential equations. Part A covers finding orthogonal trajectories of a family of curves, solving initial value problems, solving first order differential equations, and using methods like variation of parameters and undetermined coefficients to solve higher order constant coefficient differential equations. Part B continues with questions on existence and uniqueness of solutions to initial value problems, using Laplace transforms to solve an initial value problem with a Dirac Delta function, taking inverse Laplace transforms, and finding the general solution to a system of linear differential equations.
The document contains 5 questions in Part A and 4 questions in Part B about linear algebra and differential equations. Part A covers finding orthogonal trajectories of a family of curves, solving initial value problems, solving first order differential equations, and using methods like variation of parameters and undetermined coefficients to solve higher order constant coefficient differential equations. Part B continues with questions on existence and uniqueness of solutions to initial value problems, using Laplace transforms to solve an initial value problem with a Dirac Delta function, taking inverse Laplace transforms, and finding the general solution to a system of linear differential equations.
Notation: x0 (t), x00 (t) and x000 (t) denote the first, second and third derivatives of function x with respect to variable t, respectively.
PART A: 10:00 to 11:20.
No Submission is allowed after 11:20. If you submit PART A with PART B, it will not be graded. 2 Question 1: (3 Marks) Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves x = cet .
Question 2: (5 Marks) Consider the IVP
dx cos x = , x(0) = x0 , dt 1 − t2 with x0 ∈ R. Find the largest interval |t| < h on which the existence and uniqueness theorem guarantees a unique solution.
Question 3: (4 Marks) Solve the following ODE
x x (xdt + tdx) t cos = (tdx − xdt) x sin . t t
Question 4: (6 Marks) Consider the differential operator with constant coefficients
d2 d L= 2 −2 +1 dt dt and let f (t) = sin(t) + et + t. (a) Determine M , a linear differential operator with constant coefficients, such that it anni- hilates f . (b) Taking into account part(a), find the general solution of L(x(t)) = f (t) using the method of undetermined coefficients.
Question 5: (8 Marks) Consider the differential equation
t3 x000 + t2 x00 − 2x = 1 (1) (a) Reduce (1) into an ODE with constant coefficients and find the corresponding first order system. (b) Find the fundamental matrix of the first order system obtained in part(a). (c) Using the method of variation of parameters for the first order system obtained in part(a), find the general solution of (1).
END OF PART A
1 MTL 101 LINEAR ALGEBRA AND DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS MAJOR: PART B
Notation: x0 (t), x00 (t) and x000 (t) denote the first, second and third derivatives of function x with respect to variable t, respectively.
PART B: 11:45 to 13:05.
No Submission is allowed after 13:05. DO NOT UPLOAD PART A WITH PART B. IT WILL NOT BE GRADED. Question 1: (6 Marks) Discuss the existence and uniqueness of the solutions for the following IVPs: (a) x01 = |x1 |p + t2 , p ≥ 1 x02 = tan−1 (x2 ), x1 (1) = 0, x2 (1) = 0. (b) x01 = |x2 |p + t2 , 0<p<1 x02 = sin(x1 ), x1 (1) = 0, x2 (1) = 0. Question 2: (5 Marks) Solve the following IVP using Laplace Transform: x00 + 3x0 + 2x = sin(t) + δ(t − 2) with initial conditions x(0) = 0 and x0 (0) = 5. Here δ(t − 2) is the Dirac Delta function centred at t = 2. Check if the solution is continuously differentiable (C 1 ).
Question 3: (6 Marks) Find the inverse Laplace Transform of the following functions:
a2 s2
(a) ln 1 − 2 , (b) . s (s2 + a2 )2
Question 4: (7 Marks) Consider the following linear system of equations:
x01 = −2x1 + x2 + 4x3 x02 = −5x1 + 2x2 + 5x3 x03 = −x1 + x2 + λx3 If ~x = ~ate2t is a solution of this system for some constant vector ~a, then find the general solution of the system. END OF PART B
