IMPRESSIONISM

Impressionism was an art movement that emerged in the second half of the 19th century among a group of
Paris-based artists. The duration of impressionist movement itself was quite short, from 1872 to the mid-
1880's.
The term precisely captured what this group of artists sought to represent in their works the viewer's
momentary "impression" of an image.
Characteristics of Impressionism

 The impressionist painted with freely brushed colors that conveyed more of a visual effect than a
detailed rendering of the subject
 They used short "broken" strokes that were intentionally made visible to the viewer.
 They placed pure unmixed color side by side rather than blended smoothly or shaded. They ventured
into capturing scenes of life around them, household objects, landscapes, seascapes, houses, cafes, and
buildings
 Impressionists best capture the ever-changing effects of light on color by painting outdoors in natural
light

POST- IMPRESSIONSIM
After the brief and highly influential period of impressionism, an outgrowth movement known as post-
impressionism emerged.
Characteristics of Impressionism

 They use geometric approach.

 Fragmenting objects and distorting people's faces and body parts
 They apply unnatural colors

IMPRESSIONISM
EDOUARD MANET Impressionist Artist (1832-1883)
Edouard Manet was a key figure in the transition from realism to impressionism, with a number of
his works considered as marking the birth of modern art

Argentuil Rue Mosnier Decked with Flags Café concert The Bar at the Foiles-Bergere
 CLAUDE MONET (1832-1883)
one of the founders of the impressionist movement. He was the most prominent of the group
and is considered the most influential figure in the movement. Monet is best known for his
landscape painting.

La Promenade The Red Boats, Argentuil Bridge over a pond of water lilies Irises in Monet’s Garden

AUGUSTE RENOIR (1841-1919)

Auguste Renoir early works were snapshots of real life, full of sparkling color and light. By the
mid 1880's, Renoir broke away from the impressionist moverment to apply a more
disciplined, formal technique to portraits of actual people and figure painting

Dancer A girl with a watering can mile irene cahen d'anvers luncheon of the boating party

POST-IMPRESSIONISM
Post-Impressionism introduced new elements and innovations, giving rise to a diverse range of artistic styles
and approaches.
The European artists who were at the forefront of this movement continued using the basic qualities of the
Impressionists.
However, they expanded and experimented with these in bold new ways, like using a geometric approach,
fragmenting objects and distorting people's faces and body parts, and applying colors that were not
necessarily realistic or natural,
 PAUL CEZANNE (1839-1906)
His work exemplified the transition from late 19th century Impressionism to a new and radically
different world of art in the 20th Century-paving the way for the next revolutionary art
movement known as expressionism

Hortense Fiuet in a Still life with a compotier Harlequin The boy with a red vest
stripeskirt

POST IMPRESSIONISM
VINCENT VAN GOGH (1853-1890)
Vincent Van Gogh's works were remarkable for their strong, heavy brush strokes, intense
emotions, and colors that appeared almost pulsate with
Sheaves of wheat the sower still life: vase with fifteen sunflowers bedroom at arles

Starry Night Wet field with cypresses

EXPRESSIONISM
Expressionism is an art style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the subjective
emotions and responses that objects and events arouse within a person.
Expressionist artists created works with more emotional force rather than with realistic or natural images.
To achieve this, they distorted outlines. applied strong colors, and exaggerated forms. They worked more with
their imagination and feelings, rather than with what their eyes saw in the physical world.
Among the various styles that arose within the expressionist art movements were:

 Neoprimitivism
 Fauvism
 Dadaism
 Surrealism
 Social realism

NEOPRIMITIVISM
Neoprimitivism was an art style that incorporated elements from the native arts of the South
Sea Islanders and the wood carvings of African tribes which suddenly became popular at that
time.
Amedeo Modigliani used the oval faces and elongated shapes of African art in both his
sculptures and paintings.

Yellow sweater

Head

FAUVISM
Fauvism was a style that used bold, vibrant colors and visual distortions. Its name was
derived from les fauves ("wild beasts"), referring to the group of French expressionist
painters who painted in this style.
Henri Matisse was a leading figure in the Fauvist movement, known for its visual lyricism and the way it
captures the joy of life.

Blue Window Woman with hat

DADAISM
Dadaism was a style characterized by dream fantasies, memory images, and visual tricks and surprises.
They chose the child's term for hobbyhorse, dad, to refer to their new "non-style."
Although the works appeared playful, the movement arose from the pain that a group of European artists felt
after the suffering brought by World War I. Wishing to protest against the civilization that had brought on such
horrors, these artists rebelled against established norms and authorities, and against the
traditional styles in art
Marc Chagall’s
paintings often featured recurring motifs, such as flying or floating figures, animals, and
dreamlike landscapes.

I and the village

Giorgio de Chirico is renowned for his enigmatic and dreamlike paintings that often
feature deserted cityscapes, classical architecture, long shadows, and unsettling
atmospheres

Melancholy and mystery of a street

SURREALISM
Surrealism was a style that depicted an illogical, subconscious dream world beyond the logical, conscious,
physical one.
Its name came from the term "super realism," with its artworks clearly expressing departure from reality-as
though the artist were dreaming, seeing illusions, or experiencing an altered mental state.
 Salvador Dalí
Was a prominent Spanish Surrealist artist known for his eccentric and imaginative works that
pushed the boundaries of art and explored the depths of the human subconscious.

Persistence of Memory

SOCIAL REALISM
Social realism expressed the artist's role in social reform
Artists used their works to protest aghast the injustices, inequalities, immorality, and ugliness of the human
condition..
In different periods of history, social realists have addressed different issues: war, poverty, corruption,
industrial and environmental hazards, and mor hope of rising people's awareness and pushing
selety to Ce reforms
Ben Shann

Ben Shahn's Miners' Wives, for example, spoke out against the hazardous conditions faced by
coal miners, after a tragic accident killed 111 workers in Illinois in 1947, leaving their wives and
children in mourning

Pablo Picasso's art engaged with various social and political issues in the context of his time, such
as his anti war work during the Spanish Civil War.
Pablo Picasso's Guernica has been recognized as the most monumental and comprehensive statement of
social realism against the brutality of war.