URDANETA CITY UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

Chapter 1 Introduction

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1.1 Background of the Study

Shopping Centers, or malls, are the typical destination for the usual hangouts. More than being
merely shopping centers, as they started out to be, now they have become complete entertainment
centers with restaurants, cafés, movie theaters, arcade games, bowling alleys, skating rinks, and
many other enjoyment venues. Shopping malls have become very common nowadays and to
stand out, they need to present something different, which could be unprecedented facilities and
services or unique architecture. The most remarkable part of the shopping mall is the atrium
which usually doubles as a vast meeting point. A well-designed atrium adds to the grandiose of
the experience and to the enjoyment of the mall visitors.

1.2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This section presents the relevant literature that the researcher

considered to strengthen the importance of the present study. It also offers the

synthesis of the art to understand the research for better comprehension of the

study.

Local Literature

The Bakhawan Eco-Park

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakhawan_Eco-Park

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The Bakhawan Eco-Park is a 220 hectares (540 acres) mangrove forest

located in Kalibo, Aklan, Philippines. The mangrove reforestation project started

in 1990 when the local government and several non-government organizations

transformed the muddy shoreline of Barangay New Buswang into a mangrove

reforestation site to prevent flood and storm surges in the community. The park

is dubbed as the Philippines' most successful mangrove reforestation project.[1]

The Eco-park is operated by the Kalibo Save the Mangroves Association

(KASAMA). The word "bakhawan", in the local dialect, means "mangrove".[2]

The Bakhawan Eco-Park was created on 1990, the purpose of the

reforestation project was to prevent floods and storm surges during bad weather

in the local community. The reforestation project started with 50 hectares (120

acres) of reclaimed land in Barangay New Buswang created by the Kalibo Save

The Mangroves Association (KASAMA), a non-government organization, with the

help of the local government of Kalibo, Aklan and the Department of

Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).[3][4] The mangrove reforestation

project did not only address the community’s flood problems but it also gave a

means of livelihood for the local people in the area. The project was hailed as

one of the exemplary forests managed in the whole of Asia and the Pacific by the

United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.[5][6]

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COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

On January 22, 2014, the Provincial Capitol of Aklan, headed by the

Economic Enterprise Development Department, planted 8,000 new mangrove

propagules on a 2 hectares (4.9 acres) area of the Eco-park. The mangrove-

planting activity was aimed to minimize climate change and to replace the

mangrove trees that were destroyed due to Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda).

Today, the Bakhawan Eco-Park is considered as one of the most popular

tourist attractions in Kalibo.[8] The centerpiece of the Eco-Park is a 1.3

kilometres (0.81 mi) bamboo trail that takes visitors deep into the mangrove

forest. The park is an ideal destination for ecotourism, it is home to different

species of mangrove trees and it serves as a sanctuary for various types of birds

and marine species. Other features in the park includes a watchtower, souvenir

shop, canteen, massage area, charcoal briquetting, picnic huts and a Center for

International Mangrove Studies.

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Foreign Literature

Deul Park Eco Resort, Bardhaman

SOURCE: (http://m.holidayiq.com/Deul-Park-Eco-Resort-Bardhaman-hotel-
424885.html)

Based on Holiday IQ, Deul Park Eco Resort is ranked #2 among the 46 hotels in

Bardhaman with an average rating of 5.5 out of 7. It is one of the 28, 1-star

Resorts in Bardhaman. It has a total of 9 photos and 1 text reviews and is rated

top for its Location, Appearance, and Destination.

The ambiance and the location of the hotel make it a suitable option for the

variety of travelers. Group (100%) are the most common type of travelers that

like to stay here. 100% of guests enjoy the hotel's relaxed environment.

Fantastic place with beautiful surroundings, full of greenery and large water

bodies covered with amusements for kids adjacent to joy a river.

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It will guaranty the stay of the visitors here because of all the available amenities

here are enjoyable and free from any hassles.

(http://m.holidayiq.com/Deul-Park-Eco-Resort-Bardhaman-hotel-424885.html)

1.3 GOVERNMENT LAWS (Building Law)

The following items below are the list of government and building laws

used in this study.

1. National Building Code (PD 1096):

 The NBC sets standards for building design, structural integrity, fire

safety, and sanitation to ensure the safety and welfare of occupants.

 Eco Park Resorts must comply with NBC requirements for sustainable

building design, including provisions for energy efficiency, water

conservation, and environmental impact mitigation.

2. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) System (PD 1586):

 Under PD 1586, Eco Park Resorts are subject to environmental impact

assessments to evaluate potential environmental effects and propose

mitigation measures.

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 The resort developers must secure Environmental Compliance Certificates

(ECCs) from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources

(DENR) before commencing construction.

3. Protected Areas and Wildlife Resources Conservation Act (RA

9147):

 RA 9147 regulates activities within protected areas, including national

parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and marine reserves.

 Eco Park Resorts located within or near protected areas must adhere to

regulations to minimize adverse impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems.

4. Tourism Act of 2009 (RA 9593):

 RA 9593 promotes sustainable tourism development while preserving

cultural heritage and protecting the environment.

 Eco Park Resorts contribute to the Philippine tourism industry while

complying with standards for environmental sustainability, community

involvement, and cultural preservation.

5. Coastal Zone Management Act (RA 10023):

 RA 10023 governs development activities in coastal areas to protect

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coastal ecosystems, prevent pollution, and manage land use.

 Eco Park Resorts situated along coastlines must comply with regulations

to safeguard coastal resources and mitigate risks associated with coastal

hazards.

6. Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (RA 8371):

 RA 8371 recognizes the rights of indigenous cultural communities and

indigenous peoples (ICCs/IPs) over their ancestral domains and territories.

 Eco Park Resorts must respect the rights of ICCs/IPs and engage in

meaningful consultation and consent processes for projects affecting

indigenous lands and resources.

7. Philippine Clean Air Act (RA 8749) and Clean Water Act (RA

9275):

 RA 8749 and RA 9275 establish standards for air and water quality,

respectively, to protect public health and the environment.

 Eco Park Resorts must implement measures to minimize air and water

pollution, manage waste responsibly, and conserve natural resources.

1.4 DESIGN BENIFICIARIES

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The proposed project will benifit the local government and the town

people in the Municipality of Rosario La Union, Since the downtown area is dense

with commercial spaces, government offices, and public markets, The proposed

project will provide many benefits, like promoting community physical wellness

and attracting more tourists to the Municipality.

1.5 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

BIOPHILIC DESIGN

Biophilic design is an approach to architecture that seeks to connect

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building occupants more closely to nature. Biophilic designed buildings

incorporate things like natural lighting and ventilation, natural landscape features

and other elements for creating a more productive and healthy built environment

for people.

Biophilic design blurs and dismantles whatever strong defined lines there

are between nature and modernity. It integrates natural elements into the design

of the buildings. Instead of imposing and shut-off buildings, biophilic design

encourages playing with elements like natural lighting, water, plant life, and

animal life. (https://bluprint-onemega.com/nurture-a-greener-manila-urban-life-

with-biophilic-design/)

1.6 DESIGN CRITERIA

REQUIREMENTS CRITERIA JUSTIFICATION TARGET

CRITERIA

1. Function  Resor  Architec  Should

t facilities tural Design apply
and offices Principles accordingly
 Circulati to the use of
on the space

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2. Form  Mode  Architec  Should

rn tural Design be represent
Principles as Modern
Design

3. Circulation  Road  Human  Should

access & vehicular be
 Facilit flow comfortable
ies and
 Amen adequate
ities circulation

4. Modern Design  Follo  Architec  Strong

w the Form tural Design ly required in
 Mode Principles the design
rn

5. Users  Neces  Main  Comfo

ary facilities user rtable
 Comf  Occupa working
ortable nt of the place
fcailities building/struct  Non-
ures Stress
working
place

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1.7 NEED ANALYSIS

This vision of the National Ecotourism Strategy 2013–2022 as a globally

competitive ecotourism destination with the need to conserve, enhance, sustain

and develop natural assets and ensure equitable sharing of benefits among its

people was established on the principles of sustainable development, and the

NES was built on the advocacy of mobilizing and fostering support for ecotourism

development. The NES defined the initial task of jumpstarting ecotourism

awareness and promoting cooperation, seeking the participation of national

government agencies, LGUs and other stakeholders in the development of

ecotourism in the Philippines.

The goal of the NES is: Environmentally and socially responsible

ecotourism development that safeguards the integrity and diversity of its natural

resources, provides education and enjoyment to visitors and delivers larger and

more widely distributed income and employment opportunities to the local

communities and their constituents, especially the women, youth, indigenous

peoples, and other vulnerable groups.

Eco park provide several benefits for the residents of Rosario. It will

contribute to the principles of sustainable development by creating a closed

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industrial loop and promoting self-sufficiency in energy consumption and waste

recycling . Eco parks also offer cognitive breaks from the demands of urban life,

improving brain performance and reducing mental exhaustion . In addition, eco

parks have important ecological functions, such as softening the microclimate

and increasing air humidity, which can enhance the overall environmental quality

of the city.

1.8 PROPONENT

The proponent of the Study is the municipality of Rosario, La Union and

the local tourism department, since local tourism departments play a vital role in

driving economic growth, preserving cultural heritage, and promoting sustainable

tourism practices in their respective destinations.

1.9 CLIENTELE

The clientele of the project who will benifit from the services of the

proposed eco park resort will be the constituents of rosario and visitors especially

for the nature enthusiasts and relaxation seekers, Individuals seeking relaxation

and rejuvenation in natural surroundings may find an eco park resort appealing.

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1.10 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to increase the number of tourists and to know more

about Rosario, La Union In order to achieve that, the Architecture must combine

with nature.

The following questions will be answered to achieve the objective of this study:

1. What is needed to do to the facilities that will change the park and resort

condition into green design?

2. What does the Eco Park contribute in the community/environment and

Architecture?

3. How can Eco-Park maintain the natural beauty of it?

1.11 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this project is to increase environmental awareness with

the goal of protecting Rosario Eco Park Resort to preserve the surrounding

natural area. The contribution of this study to the Park itself is that it will give

some ideas regarding on what actions or changes are needed to attract more

tourist and on the other hand, is to promote, protect and sustain the ecological

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stability of the Eco Park. The possible solution to boost tourism in Rosario is to

build and organize the site more effectively for the local population.

The goals and objectives of an eco park resort typically revolve around

sustainability, conservation, education, and providing guests with unique

experiences that connect them with nature. Here are some common goals and

objectives:

1. Environmental Conservation

2. Education and Awareness:

3. Ecotourism:

4. Economic Sustainability

5. Guest Experience:

6. Research and Monitoring:

1.12 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The following are the scope of this proposed study. In addition, limitations

of this study are included also to present a clear view of the parameters of the

study. This study will focus specifically towards the development of attraction in

Rosario Eco Park Resort which will give way to the enhancement and increase of

its visitor's arrival. The respondents will be given a survey questionnaire that will

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help to justify this study.

The data gathering will be limited only in the vicinity of Eco Park Resort

located in Rosario and the residents of the park will be one of the important

respondents. Local visitors within Rosario will also be part of the study as their

responses were also important. This study will be a practical research involves

the research in the form of questionnaires, surveys, interviews, observations and

site visit. It is conducted to provide development and sustainability on the Eco

Park. The respondents who will be included are the residents of Rosario Eco Park

Resort and the local tourists of Rosario.

1.13 Significance of the Study

The role of this study is to inform the local tourist, the management, and

the government that the Rosario Eco Park Resort can have a high number of

tourist arrivals just like the other places. To be able to perform this, the facilities

of the park must sustain its ecological value, maintain its natural resources and

protect the nature.

This study will help to find out the contributing factors of Rosario Eco Park Resort

among the visitors which will be significant as:

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1. It will develop and provide attractions on Rosario Eco Park Resort that will

give the visitors satisfaction and pleasure to gain and fulfill their expectations.

2. It will provide a green design that gives people a pleasure, means to enjoy,

relax, and have satisfaction from the leisure time that is gain through

recreational activities.

3. It will establish an Eco-friendly structure that makes the visitors love more

nature.

4. It will give an en vironmental experience especially within the community of

Rosario.

1.14 DEFINITION OF TERMS

 Biophilic - a concept used within the building industry to increase

occupant connectivity to the natural environment through direct nature,

indirect nature, and space and place conditions.

 Modern Architecture - was based upon new and innovative

technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and

reinforced concrete.

 Sustainable Design - seeks to reduce negative impacts on the

environment and the health and comfort of building occupants, thereby

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improving building performance.

 Zoning - the process of dividing land in a municipality into zones in which

certain land uses are permitted or prohibited.

Chapter 2
Methods of Research

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2.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This study presents the methods used in gathering the data among the

respondents. It includes research design, population and locale of the study,

data gathering tools and data gathering procedures.

Research Design

This study will employ the descriptive correlation method of research. This

method will determine qualitatively the characteristics of the respondents and its

important relationship towards the Rosario Eco Park Resort.

Population and locale of the Study

This study will be conducted at Rosario, La Union, it has a total of 33 barangays.

2.2 DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT

The researcher will prepare a research survey questionnaire as the

primary tool for gathering the data needed for the study. The survey

questionnaire is supported by the data from the researcher's observation in the

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area of study and literature-based data from internet browsing. Since design

solutions will be anchored on the answers and opinions of the respondents.

2.3 PROCEDURE

The data gathering procedure is the process of measuring information on

targeted variables, which then allows one to answer applicable questions and

estimate the results. The procedure that is used in gathering the data is by

surveying; the result of the questionnaire will be recorded to have valid and

reliable information. The data will be tallied, analyzed and interpreted according

to the specific problems. Since the project is designed to appeal some of the

people in the public, the people who interested to go to the Rosario Eco Park

Resort are the ones who will be able to give the best source of data needed in

the study of the project.

2.4 VALIDATION

Data collection may contain irrelevant information, and surveys may have

opportunities for errors to slip into the data. These errors may include incorrect

responses from the respondents. To address the issue, the researcher should

carefully construct survey and interview questions, including questions that can

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be quickly answered by yes or no.

2.5 RESEARCH FLOW DIAGRAM

This flowchart is a formalized direction on how the study was conducted

and to show how the researcher's obtained the data that were used in this study.

Also, to see how the given study evaluated and translated into its desired output.

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Fig. 2.1: Research Flow Diagram

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