Iso 683 2 2016
Iso 683 2 2016
Iso 683 2 2016
STANDARD 683-2
Second edition
2016-07-01
ISO 683-2:2016
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5bfcdb6f1905/iso-683-2-2016
Reference number
ISO 683-2:2016(E)
© ISO 2016
ISO 683-2:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions...................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
4 Classification and designation................................................................................................................................................................ 3
4.1 Classification.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
4.2 Designation................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
5 Information to be supplied by the purchaser......................................................................................................................... 3
5.1 Mandatory information.................................................................................................................................................................... 3
5.2 Options and/or supplementary or special requirements................................................................................... 3
5.3 Ordering example.................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
6 Manufacturing process................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
6.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
6.2 Deoxidation................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
6.3 Heat-treatment condition and surface condition at delivery.......................................................................... 4
6.3.1 Heat-treatment condition......................................................................................................................................... 4
6.3.2 Particular surface conditions................................................................................................................................. 4
6.4 Traceability of the cast...................................................................................................................................................................... 4
7 Requirements........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
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7.1 Chemical composition, mechanical properties and hardenability.............................................................. 5
7.1.1 (standards.iteh.ai)
General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
7.1.2 Chemical composition.................................................................................................................................................. 5
7.1.3 Mechanical properties ISO .................................................................................................................................................
683-2:2016 5
7.1.4 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/60b836dc-023e-4f67-9f97-
Hardenability....................................................................................................................................................................... 5
7.1.5 Surface hardness ............................................................................................................................................................... 5
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7.2 Machinability............................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
7.3 Cold shearability..................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
7.4 Grain size....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
7.5 Non-metallic inclusions.................................................................................................................................................................... 6
7.5.1 Microscopic inclusions................................................................................................................................................ 6
7.5.2 Macroscopic inclusions............................................................................................................................................... 6
7.6 Internal soundness............................................................................................................................................................................... 6
7.7 Surface quality.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
7.8 Decarburization...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
7.9 Shape, dimensions and tolerances.......................................................................................................................................... 7
8 Inspection..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
8.1 Testing procedures and types of documents................................................................................................................. 7
8.2 Frequency of testing............................................................................................................................................................................ 7
8.3 Specific inspection and testing................................................................................................................................................... 8
8.3.1 Verification of the hardenability, hardness and mechanical properties........................... 8
8.3.2 Visual and dimensional inspection................................................................................................................... 8
9 Test methods.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
9.1 Chemical analysis................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
9.2 Mechanical tests...................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
9.2.1 Tensile test............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
9.2.2 Impact test.............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
9.3 Hardness and hardenability tests............................................................................................................................................ 8
9.3.1 Hardness in treatment conditions +A and +S.......................................................................................... 8
9.3.2 Verification of hardenability................................................................................................................................... 9
9.3.3 Surface hardness............................................................................................................................................................... 9
9.4 Retests............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
10 Marking........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Annex A (normative) Ruling sections for mechanical properties........................................................................................31
Annex B (normative) Supplementary or special requirements.............................................................................................35
Annex C (informative) Designation of steels given in this part of ISO 683 and of comparable
grades covered in various designation systems................................................................................................................37
Annex D (informative) Dimensional standards applicable to products complying with this
part of ISO 683......................................................................................................................................................................................................39
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 40
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
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Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
(standards.iteh.ai)
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 4, Heat treatable and
alloy steels.
ISO 683-2:2016
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 683-2:2012), of which it constitutes a
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minor revision. 5bfcdb6f1905/iso-683-2-2016
ISO 683 consists of the following parts, under the general title Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-
cutting steels:
— Part 1: Non-alloy steels for quenching and tempering
— Part 2: Alloy steels for quenching and tempering
— Part 3: Case-hardening steels
— Part 4: Free-cutting steels
— Part 5: Nitriding steels
— Part 14: Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs
— Part 15: Valve steels for internal combustion engines
— Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels
— Part 18: Bright steel products
1 Scope
This part of ISO 683 specifies the technical delivery requirements for
— semi-finished products, hot formed, e.g. blooms, billets, slabs (see Note 1),
— bars (see Note 1),
— wire rod,
— finished flat products, and
— hammer or drop forgings (see Note 1)
manufactured from the direct hardening alloy steels and the alloy flame- and induction-hardening
steels listed in Table 3 and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types
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of products in Table 1 and in one of the surface conditions given in Table 2.
(standards.iteh.ai)
The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of quenched and tempered or austempered
(see 3.2 and Note 2) and flame- or induction-hardened machine parts (see Tables 8 and 9).
ISO 683-2:2016
The requirements for mechanical properties given in this part of ISO 683 are restricted to the sizes
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given in the relevant Table 8. 5bfcdb6f1905/iso-683-2-2016
NOTE 1 Hammer-forged semi-finished products (blooms, billets, slabs, etc.), seamless rolled rings and
hammer-forged bars are in the following covered under semi-finished products or bars and not under the term
“hammer and drop forgings”.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of simplification, the term “quenched and tempered” is, unless otherwise indicated,
used in the following also for the austempered condition.
NOTE 3 For International Standards relating to steels complying with the requirements for the chemical
composition in Table 3, however, supplied in other product forms or treatment conditions than given above or
intended for special applications, and for other related International Standards, see the Bibliography.
NOTE 4 This part of ISO 683 does not apply to bright products and bars and wire rod for cold heading. For
such products, see ISO 683-18 and ISO 4954.
In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to them can form the
subject of an agreement at the time of enquiry and order (see 5.2 and Annex B).
In addition to this part of ISO 683, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 148-1, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 377, Steel and steel products — Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing
ISO 404:2013, Steel and steel products — General technical delivery requirements
ISO 642, Steel — Hardenability test by end quenching (Jominy test)
ISO 643, Steels — Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size
ISO 3887, Steels — Determination of depth of decarburization
ISO 4885:—1), Ferrous products — Heat treatments — Vocabulary
ISO 4948-1, Steels — Classification — Part 1: Classification of steels into unalloyed and alloy steels based
on chemical composition
ISO 4948-2, Steels — Classification — Part 2: Classification of unalloyed and alloy steels according to main
quality classes and main property or application characteristics
ISO/TS 4949, Steel names based on letter symbols
ISO 4967, Steel — Determination of content of non-metallic inclusions — Micrographic method using
standard diagrams
ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H,
K, N, T)
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ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 6929, Steel products — Vocabulary
(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 7788, Steel — Surface finish of hot-rolled plates ISOand683-2:2016
wide flats — Delivery requirements
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ISO 9443, Heat-treatable and alloy steels — Surface quality classes for hot-rolled round bars and wire
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rods — Technical delivery conditions
ISO 10474, Steel and steel products — Inspection documents
ISO 14284, Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical
composition
3.1
ruling section
section for which the specified mechanical properties shall apply
Note 1 to entry: Independent of the actual shape and dimensions of the cross-section of the product, the size of its
ruling section is always given by a diameter. This corresponds to the diameter of an “equivalent round bar”. That
is a round bar which will show the same cooling rate as the actual ruling section of the product concerned at its
position for taking the test pieces, when being cooled from austenitizing temperature.
3.2
austempering
isothermal heat treatment for producing bainitic or ausferritic structure of a work piece
Note 1 to entry: The final cooling to ambient temperature is not at a specific rate.
4.1 Classification
The classification of the relevant steel grades is according to ISO 4948-1 and ISO 4948-2. All steel grades
covered by this part of ISO 683 are alloy special steels.
4.2 Designation
For the steel grades covered by this part of ISO 683, the steel names as given in the relevant tables are
allocated in accordance with ISO/TS 4949.
a) quantity to be delivered;
b) designation of the product form (slab, bloom, billet, round bar, wire rod, wide flat, sheet, plate, strip,
forging, etc.);
c) either the designation of the dimensional standard and the dimensions and tolerances selected
from this (see 7.9) or, for example in the case of drop forgings, the designation of the drawing or any
other document covering the dimensions and tolerances required for the product;
d) reference to this part of ISO 683, i.e. ISO 683-2;
e) the designation of the steel grade given in Table 3;
f) the symbol for the required heat-treatment condition (see Table 1, column 2);
g) standard designation for a test report 2.2 or, if required any other type of inspection document in
accordance with ISO 10474 or according to another regional standard, e.g. EN 10204 or JIS G 0415.
b) any requirement for the hardenability (+H, +HH, +HL) for special steels (see 7.1.4 and Tables 5 to 7);
c) any supplementary requirement that shall be complied with, the symbol and, where necessary, the
details of this supplementary requirement (see Annex B);
d) any requirement for the verification of non-metallic inclusion content (see 7.5);
e) verification of hardenability and, if agreed, the information about calculation of the hardenability
(see 9.3.2);
f) any requirement regarding the permissible depth of decarburization (see 7.8);
g) suitability of bars and rod for bright drawing (see 7.7.4);
h) any requirement relating to the removal of surface defects (see 7.7.5).
6.2 Deoxidation
All steels shall be deoxidized.
The products shall be delivered in one of the heat-treatment conditions given in Table 1, lines 2 to 6 as
agreed during time of enquiry and order.
If so agreed at the time of enquiry and order, the products shall be delivered in one of the particular
surface conditions given in Table 2, lines 3 to 6.
7 Requirements
7.1.1 General
Table 1 shows the combinations of usual heat-treatment conditions at delivery, product forms and
requirements, as specified in Tables 3 to 9.
Except where steels are ordered in the quenched and tempered condition, this part of ISO 683 makes
for the alloyed steels provisions to be supplied with or without hardenability requirements (see Table 1,
columns 8 and 9).
The chemical composition determined by cast analysis shall comply with the values in Table 3.
Permissible deviations between the limiting values for cast analysis and the values for product analysis
are given in Table 4.
The product analysis shall be carried out when specified at the time of the enquiry and order (see B.4).
7.1.4 Hardenability
Where the steel is ordered using the designations given in Table 5 or 6 to normal (see Table 5) or to
narrowed (see Table 6) hardenability requirements, the values of hardenability given in Table 5 or 6,
respectively apply in addition to the requirements cited in Table 1, columns 9.1 and 9.2. (see footnote b
to Table 3).
For the surface hardness of alloy steels after flame or induction hardening, the specifications in
Table 9 apply.
7.2 Machinability
All steels are machinable in the condition “soft annealed”. Where improved machinability is required,
grades with a specified sulfur range and/or with a specific treatment should be ordered to improve
machinability (see also Table 1, line 6).
7.3.1 Under suitable shearing conditions (avoiding local stress peaks, preheating, application of blades
with a profile adapted to that of the product, etc.) all steels are cold shearable in the soft annealed (+A)
condition.
7.3.2 Steel grades 34Cr4, 37Cr4, 41Cr4, 25CrMo4, 34CrMo4, 42CrMo4 and 41CrNiMo2 with maximum
and specified range S-content, boron-alloy steel grades 33MnCrB5-2 and 39MnCrB6-2 and the
corresponding +H, +HH and +HL grades (see Tables 3 and 5 to 7) are, under suitable conditions, also cold
shearable when being delivered in the condition “treated to improve shearability (+S)” with the hardness
requirements given in Table 7.
7.3.3 Under suitable conditions, steel grades 20MnB5, 30MnB5, 39MnB5 and 27MnCrB5-2, and
the corresponding grades with requirements on hardenability (see Table 5), are cold shearable in the
untreated condition.
The special steels shall have a certain degree of cleanness; however, verification of the non-metallic
inclusion content requires a special agreement. If there is such an agreement at the time of enquiry
and order, the microscopic non-metallic inclusion content shall be determined to an agreed procedure
and within agreed limits in accordance with ISO 4967 or another standard, e.g. regional standards
EN 10247 or JIS G 0555. iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
For grades with specified minimum sulfur content, the agreement should not include sulfides.
(standards.iteh.ai)
7.5.2 Macroscopic inclusions ISO 683-2:2016
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This requirement is applicable to the verification of the macroscopic inclusions in special steels. If
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verification is agreed, the method and acceptance limits shall be agreed at the time of enquiry and order.
7.7.1 All products shall have a smooth surface finish appropriate to the manufacturing process applied.
7.7.2 Minor surface imperfections, which may occur also under normal manufacturing conditions,
such as prints originating from rolled-in scale, are not to be regarded as defects.
7.7.3 Bars and wire rod shall be delivered with surface class 1za2 according to ISO 9443 and hot-rolled
plates and wide flats are delivered with a surface according ISO 7788 unless otherwise agreed at the time
of enquiry and order.
Where no International Standard on the surface quality of steel products exists, detailed requirements
referring to this characteristic shall, where appropriate, be agreed at the time of enquiry and order.
It is more difficult to detect and eliminate surface discontinuities from coiled products than from cut
lengths. This should be taken into account when agreements on surface quality are made.
7.7.4 If suitability of bars and rod for bright drawing is required, this shall be agreed at the time of
enquiry and order.
7.7.5 The removal of surface defects by welding shall only be permitted with the approval of the
customer or his/her representative.
If surface discontinuities are repaired, the method and maximum depth of removal shall be agreed at
the time of enquiry and order.
7.8 Decarburization
Requirements relating to the permissible depth of decarburization may be agreed at the time of enquiry
and order.
The depth of decarburization shall be determined in accordance with the micrographic method
specified in ISO 3887.
8 Inspection
a) confirmation that the material complies with the requirements of the order;
b) results of the cast analysis for all elements specified in Table 3 for the steel grade concerned.
8.1.3 If, in accordance with the agreements in the order, an inspection certificate 3.1 or 3.2, is to be
provided, the specific inspections and tests described in 8.3 and Clause 9 shall be carried out and the
results shall be confirmed in the inspection certificate.