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    Support Agronomic Crop Work

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    jenelynajer60
    The document discusses agronomic crop work and rice production including seedling management, transplanting, irrigation, soil fertility, weed management, pest and disease control, and harvesting. Key steps discussed are seed drying and soaking, transplanting seedlings at 15-21 days, maintaining 5-10 cm of flooding, applying pre-emergence herbicides, and using integrated pest management approaches.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Support Agronomic Crop Work

    Uploaded by

    jenelynajer60
    409 views17 pages
    The document discusses agronomic crop work and rice production including seedling management, transplanting, irrigation, soil fertility, weed management, pest and disease control, and harvesting. Key steps discussed are seed drying and soaking, transplanting seedlings at 15-21 days, maintaining 5-10 cm of flooding, applying pre-emergence herbicides, and using integrated pest management approaches.

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    SUPPORT-AGRONOMIC-CROP-WORK

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    The document discusses agronomic crop work and rice production including seedling management, transplanting, irrigation, soil fertility, weed management, pest and disease control, and harvesting. Key steps discussed are seed drying and soaking, transplanting seedlings at 15-21 days, maintaining 5-10 cm of flooding, applying pre-emergence herbicides, and using integrated pest management approaches.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    409 views17 pages

    Support Agronomic Crop Work

    Uploaded by

    jenelynajer60
    The document discusses agronomic crop work and rice production including seedling management, transplanting, irrigation, soil fertility, weed management, pest and disease control, and harvesting. Key steps discussed are seed drying and soaking, transplanting seedlings at 15-21 days, maintaining 5-10 cm of flooding, applying pre-emergence herbicides, and using integrated pest management approaches.

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    SUPPORT

    AGRONOMIC CROP
    WORK
    AGRONOMY
    • is the science and technology of producing and using plants for food, fuel,
    fibre, and land reclamation
    Seedling Management
    Choice of Seeds – farmers choose seeds depending on their
    requirements/objectives.
    Seedling preparation
    1. Seed drying
    2. Soaking
    3. Incubation (pre germination)
    Seedling preparation
    1. Prepare beds at 1 m wide by convenient length. Raise the soil to 5−10 cm height.
    2. Broadcast pre-germinated seeds in thoroughly puddled and levelled soil.
    3. Construct drainage canals for proper water removal.
    4. Add organic manure (decompose) and a small amount of inorganic fertilizer as
    basal dressing. This increases seed vigor and allows easier uprooting for
    transplanting.
    5. Transplant seedlings at 15−21 days old.
    Transplanting
    Direct seeding requires 60−80 kg of seeds per
    ha, while transplanting only requires 40 kg per
    ha, at 2 plants per hill.
    Irrigation
    To effectively and efficiently use water and maximize rice yields, the following
    good water management practices can be done:
    1. Construct field channels to control the flow of water to and from your field
    2. Prepare the land to minimize water loss and create a hard pan
    3. Level the field
    4. Construct bunds and repair any cracks or holes
    Irrigation
    • Continuous flooding of water generally provides the best growth
    environment for rice.

    • After transplanting, water levels should be around 3 cm initially, and


    gradually increase to 5−10 cm (with increasing plant height) and remain there
    until the field is drained 7−10 days before harvest.
    Soil fertility

    Applying nutrients to the crop is essential in


    managing soil fertility so the plants grow and
    develop normally. A number of crop problems can
    be related to inefficient management of nutrients
    and nutrient imbalances in the field.
    Weed Management
    • Weed control is important to prevent losses in yield and production costs,
    and to preserve good grain quality. Specifically, weeds

    • decrease yields by direct competition for sunlight, nutrients, and water


    • increase production costs e.g., higher labor or input costs
    • reduce grain quality and price
    • For example, weed seeds in grain can cause the buyer price to be reduced.
    Weed Management (cont.)
    • Apply pre-emergence herbicide (2−3 DAT)
    • If grass weeds are the main weed problem, apply early post-emergence
    herbicide
    Weed Management (cont.)
    • Do not allow soil surface to dry after transplanting. Keep the soil moist to
    saturated. Dry soil reduces the performance of pre-emergence herbicides.
    • Maintain a 5−7 cm water depth to prevent germination of weeds until 7−10
    days before harvest.
    Weed Management (cont.)
    - If herbicides have not been applied, or if weeds are emerging, you may use
    push weeder to control weed seedlings that are at 3−4 leaf stages. Irrigate
    one day later to prevent buried and uprooted weeds from recovering.
    - Handweed as needed until the canopy closes.
    Pest and Diseases Control
    1. Chemical control
    2. Mechanical control
    3. Biological control
    4. Cultural control
    5. Physical control
    6. IPM
    Harvesting (tools and equipment)
    - Scythe
    - Thresher
    -
    Harvesting (materials)
    - Underlay
    - sack, plastic twine,
    THANK YOU!!!

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