Piping Interview Questions

1. Write the weld layers?

1. Root

2. hot pass

3. fill

4. cap

2. Accepted miss alignment in piping?

1. 1.5mm as per ASME 31.3

2. 1.6mm as per ASME sec IX

3.What is Mean ITP?

An Inspection and Test Plan (ITP) or test plan is a document detailing a systematic
approach to testing a system or product (e.g. material, component, machine, etc) such as a visual
inspection, dimension inspection, welding inspection, function test, factory acceptance test, etc. and
participation of all parties.

4. What are the four types of inspection stage? Explain.

1.Hold 2.witness 3.Surveillance 4.Review

Hold: QA/QC Organization shall be noticed of the timing of inspection or test in advance. Inspection
or test shall not to carry out QA/QC organization representative in attendance

Witnness: QA/QC Organization shall be noticed of the timing of inspection or test in advance.
Inspection or test shall be performed as schedule if the QA/QC Organization representation is not
present

Survellance:QA/QC Organization monitoring the work in process without notice from construction
Organization

Review:Review and approval all documents

5. Explain about ‘specifications’?

Specifications are guideline detail for construction requirement and minimum quality
standard are listed.

6. What is P&ID?

A piping and instrumentation diagram, or P&ID, shows the piping and related components of
a physical process flow. (Branches, reducers, valves, equipment, instrumentation and control
interlock)
 7. What is WPS?

A Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) is the formal written document

describing welding procedures, which provides direction to the welder or welding operators for
making sound and quality production welds as per the code requirements

8. What is PQR?

A PQR is a record of a test weld performed and tested (more rigorously) to ensure that the
procedure will produce a good weld. A WPS is supported by a Procedure Qualification Record (PQR)

9. What is WPQ?

A Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) is a test certificate that shows whether a

welder possesses the necessary experience and knowledge to perform the specifications of a
particular weld procedure

10.Different between Pipe and Tube?

PIPE:It is identified by NB(Nominal Bore) and its thickness is identified by schedule

TUBE:It is identified by OD (Outside Diameter) and its thickness is identified by BWG

(Birmingham Wire Gauge)

1. What are the main duties of the piping inspector?

Material receiving inspection Storage & preservation Cutting,

assembly & fitup

Prewelding

inspection Visual inspection of

socket & threaded joints Pneumatic test for reinforcing

pad Pickling &passivation Database reporting Visual inspection

of completed spools Piping preinspection

& spool

erection orifice flange inspection Pipe support

inspection Verification of slope Internal cleanliness Valve

installation Piping flange joint inspection Pretest

punch

listing Hydro testing precommissioning.

2. How many types of gaskets do you know?

Full face (Asbestos)

Spiral wound metallic

Ring type

Metal jacketed

Inside bolt circle

3. What are the different types of mating flanges? Name the 4 most common

Flat face

Raised face

RTJ(Ring type Joint)

Tonge & groove

Male & female

4. What type of information do you get from Isometric drawings?

Line routing, Line orientation, Northing, easting & elevation, Bill of mat’l, Insulation type,

NDT requirement, Revision status, Material class’n, Design, operating & testing

temp/pressure, paint system, P&ID, slope, Service details, flow direction, support details,

notes;

5. What type of codes and standards do you use as a piping inspector?

ASME B31.3, ASME B31.1, ASME B31.5, ASME B31.9;

JERES-A-004, JERES-A-007, JERES-A-206, JERES-A-301, JERES-L-105, JERES-L-108,

JERES-L-110, JERES-L-150, JERES-L-130, JERES-L-310, JERES-L-350, JERES-L-351,

JERES-W-011, JERES-W-016

6. What are the types of Valves?

Gate valve, Globe valve, Butterfly valve, Needle valve, Check valve, Control valve, Knife

gate valve,

Based on function:-non-return valve, isolation valve, regulation valve, special purpose

valve,

7. What are the main things you will check before Bolt torquing?

Size of bolt, Calibration of torque wrench, Manual /hydraulic require, Lubricant, Friction

factor for threaded lubricant, torque value, JERES-L-109 / 351

8. Write 3 Saudi Aramco piping standards (L-Series)?

SAESL105,

SAESL108,
SAESL110,

SAESL150,

SAESL130,

SAESL310,

SAESL350,

SAESL351

9. Write minimum ten hydrostatic test punch list items prior

to commencehydrotest at site? Indicate which is YES item & NO item

1. All hot work shall be completed

2. Strainers shall be removed

3. All NDT & DT completion

4. PWHT completion

5. Adequate attachment

6. Coating on weld joint shall be removed.

7. Calibration of equipments used. Test blind MTC.

8. Test certificates of testing fluid

9. Components in new piping systems which interfere with filling,

venting, draining or flushing shall not be installed.(orifice plates,

flow nozzles, sight glasses)

10. All joints (flange, threaded, welded or mechanical seals) are left

exposed for visual leak detection during the strength test.

11. All permanent flange joints were inspected, gasket mat'l verified &

properly torqued.

12. Drains shall be provided at all low points of the piping system.

13. Vents and drain valves, both temporary and permanent, conforms with

the piping class or rating.

14. Supports are installed. Additional temporary support may be installed

as required.

15. Expansion joints and spring hangers or spring supports are provided

with temporary restraints.

16. Arc strikes, gouges, and other indications of careless workmanship

(such as surface porosity, uneven weld profiles, and undercut) shall

be removed by grinding and inspected by magnetic particle or liquid

penetrant method.

17. Drains are provided immediately above check valves (vertical lines)

18. All threaded joints up to the first block valve ofhydrocarbon

pipeline are seal welded. Thread engagement has been verified &

accepted.

19. The pressure testing manifold is separately pressure tested to at

least 1.2 times the system testpressure but not less than the

discharge pressure of the pump used for the pressure testing.

20. Line compliance with

Isometrics:

i. Correct Materials utilized grade/schedule (Bill of Mat'ls)

ii. Correct flange and fittings rating

iii. Construction tolerances per SAESL350

10. Which type of documents/reports attached in hydrostatic test package?

Refer Attached

11. Weep hole size shall be drilled for dummy pipe support will be ________mm

Weep hole shall be located near base plate for all vertical dummy pipe

support & near run pipe at 6’O clock position for horizontal dummy.

(SAESL350

13.2.3 & L310

14.7.2)

12. What is dead leg and explain?

Dead Legs: Piping sections that are potential for internal corrosion due to flow

stagnation.

· Dead legs are created mainly by flow stagnation enhanced withpresence of settled water

and solid deposits.

· When the length of the section or branch , for 2 inch pipes and larger, is longer than

three times its pipe diameter, or 1.22 m (4 ft) in length, the length of the dead leg is the

distance measured from the outside diameter of the header (or run) to the near end of the
branch valve.

· For branch connections of 1-½ inch NPS and smaller, the length of the dead leg is the

distance measured from the end of the boss to the near end of the valve.

13. Write any 2 types of piping supports?

Shoe, Spring loaded, resting, weer pad,

14. Line class 103CS3C is listed on the Isometric Drawing. Explain each________

1 03 CS 3 C

Raised face Flange rating 300 Carbon steel C.A-4.5mm Caustic

As per JERESL105

page 375377

15. What type of connection is acceptable for a 24” header, 12” branch?

Weldolet or welded branch with reinforcement pad as per JERES-L-110 app:A

16. How many minimum Pressure gauges to be installed during hydro test?

Two(JERES-A-004, para 7.1.5)

17. Relief valve calibration period would be___________

One week, per JERES-A-004 para 5.5.1

18. What is a PIP?

Process industry practices

19. Name the different types of Service Conditions?

NFS :- Normal services, Category M, Category D, High pressure fluid services(ASMEB31.3)

20. How do you verify (name several items to check) that the correct piping material is

used?

Material specification, Pipe size, schedule, length, flange face rating, oletsize rating,

threaded/socket weld type, MTC, PMI report.

21. How do you identify fittings and flanges?

By material classification, size, rating, joint type (lap, socket, threaded, butt), face;

22. How do you check piping for the correct schedule?

Verify pipe material thickness by Vernier at the end or UT on surface or stenciling done

by the manufacturer (visual) or heat number, traceabilityby MTC of product.

23. What is the standard mill tolerance for piping 2’’ & less?

12% of nominal wall thickness

24. What is the tolerance for ovality of piping?

5% of nominal diameter at any cross section other than weld end & 3% at weld end

(JERES-L-350 para 9.2)

25. What is the difference between torqueing CS and SS bolting?

CS:- Yield strength High; Torque value High

SS:- Yield strength low; Torque value low

26. What are jackscrews and when are they required?

Used in flange joint assemblies which often require frequent separation includes orifice

plate, spectacle plates, spacers, screens, and drop out spools shall be provided with jack

screw to facility separation and opening for the maintenance. When flange separations

are used,jackscrews are not required. Jackscrews shall be installed to be accessible

from both sides of the pipe. For orifice flanges, jack screws shall be installed at 3 & 9 o’

clock positions.(JERES-L-310 para 17.7)

27. What is often overlooked during orifice flange fabrication?

Inside surface of welded joints at @ orifice flanges shall be

ground & machined smooth (JERESL350

para 10.4.2)

Orientation of taps are as per JERSDJ0001

All parallel pipe lines with adjascent orifice fittings shall

have a min spacing of 300 mm (12 in) between flanges outside diameters

if horizontal taps are required. Where this spacing is not practical

follow JERSDJ0001.

Orifice flanges in adjacent lines shal be staggered so that no two pairs of orifice flanges

are less than 1 m(3ft) apart.

28. What is the maximum diameter piping allowed in hazardous service?

Socket weld:- 2” for maintenance & minor modification & 1-½” for new construction

Threaded:- 1-½” for standard fitting & valve, and 2” maximum when required for

maintenance, minor field minor modification of existing piping system(JERES-L-110 para

7.2)

29. What is the minimum sized piping that can be installed on pipe racks?

Ø1”
30. Can Teflon tape be used prior to seal welding?

No, (JERES-L-110 para 8.5)

31. How many threads can be visible after seal welding threaded joints?

No, should cover all exposed threads(JERES-W-011 para 12.15.3)

32. What is the gap requirement for socket welds for new construction?

1.5mm-3mm (ASME B31.3 fig 328.5.2C)

33. Give examples of unique support details that allow piping freedom of movement for

thermal expansion?

Guide support, Moving saddle support, Expansion ballons, shoe support,

Spring loaded

34. When you will apply 24 hours recorded hydro test?

If for justifiable safety reasons the UG line must be backfilled, then the joints shall remain

exposed during testing, otherwise the test shall be a 24 hour recorded test.(JERES-L-150

para 7.4.2)

35. Difference between carbon steel and stainless steel?

CS:- Low cost, no chromium content, suitable for non-corrosive serviceupto 350 degree

C, max carbon 0.3%.

SS:- Contains more than 12% Cr, 0.08% C, Suitable for corrosive, cryogenic, High temp

services, costly.

36. Difference between RT & UT?

RT:- Uses X-ray or Gamma ray to detect discontinuities, reveals

mostlyvolumetric. planar defects & subsurface defects not detectable easily

UT:-Uses ultrasonic beam to detect discontinuities reveals both planar

&volumetric defects, but size & exact location of defects are not easily identifiable.

Possible only on materials that do not defract UT waves.

37. Difference between PT & MT?

MT:- Only Applicable for ferromagnetic materials & able to detect both surface & sub

surface discontinuities, compare to PT examination it takes less time for testing & inspection;

Applicable for large temp range.

PT:- Applicable for both ferromagnetic & non ferromagnetic materials & able t detect only surface

discontinuities, It requires more time; Applicable for small temp range.

38. How do you control material in fabrication shop?

1) All materials shall have material spec and grade stamped or stenciled

& clearly marked with permanent marker.

2) All materials,heat no. will be made traceable to MTC from approved

vendor & no material substitution will be done without proper approval

from the company.

3) All materials shall be stored & stacked separately as per material

grade.

4) Heat no. shall be transferred before cutting into pipes that have to

be cut.

5) All materials shall be color coded as pertracebility procedure

39. Write inspection items during valve installation?

1. Valve type corrects at the location

2. Valve test certificate

3. Valve tag as per P&ID

4. Valve direction of flow as per P&ID

5. Gasket bolts as per isometric & type

6. Handle direction

7. Chain wheel installed

8. Valve flange face condition