Acute Flaccid Paralysis

Acute Flaccid paralysis A clinical manifestation characterized by weakness or paralysis and reduced muscle tone without other obvious
us cause (e.g., trauma). An abnormal condition characterized by the weakening or the loss of muscle tone. It may be caused by disease or by trauma affecting the nerves associated with the involved muscles.
Symptoms Fever Positive babinski reflex Loss of pain Bowel and bladder incontinence Symmetrical limb weakness Muscle weakness or wasting Hypersalivation Diarrhea Areflexia Cardiac arrhythmias
Causes of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Polio The term acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is often used to describe a sudden onset, as might be found with polio. AFP is the most common sign of acute polio, and used for surveillance during polio outbreaks. AFP is also associated with a number of other pathogenic agents including enteroviruses, echoviruses, and adenoviruses, among others. Botulism The Clostridium botulinum bacteria are the cause of botulism. Vegetative cells of C. botulinum may be ingested. Introduction of the bacteria may also occur via endospores in a wound. When the bacteria are in vivo, they induce flaccid paralysis. This happens because C. botulinumproduces a toxin which blocks the release of acetylcholine. When this occurs, the muscles are unable to contract. Hyperkalemia Excess potassium in the body.
Treatment
Flaccid Not firm or stiff; lacking normal or youthful firmness.
Spastic Is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance in muscle tone involving hypertonia, which is also referred to as an unusual "tightness" of muscles.
Paralysis Defined as the complete loss of muscle function for one or more muscle groups. This condition usually manifests itself immediately after an injury has been suffered, and the condition is most often caused by damage to the nervous system or brain, especially the spinal cord. Paralysis often includes loss of feeling in the affected area. The loss of muscle function in part of your body. It happens when something goes wrong with the way messages pass between your brain and muscles. Paralysis can be complete or partial. It can occur on one or both sides of your body. It can also occur in just one area, or it can be widespread. Paralysis of the lower half of your body, including both legs, is called paraplegia. Paralysis of the arms and legs is quadriplegia.
Types of Paralysis 1. Diplegia Refers to paralysis affecting symmetrical parts of the body. Diplegia is the most common cause of crippling in children, specifically in children with Cerebral Palsy. Other causes may be due to injury of the spinal cord. There is no set course of progression for people with diplegia. Symptoms may get worse but the neurological part does not change. 2. Hemiplegia or Hemiparesis refers to spasticity restricted to one side of the body Is total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on the same side of the body? Hemiplegia is more severe than hemiparesis, wherein one half of the body has less marked weakness. Hemiplegia may be congenital or acquired from an illness or stroke. Hemiplegia is not an uncommon medical disorder. In elderly individuals, strokes are the most common cause of hemiplegia. In children, the majority of cases of hemiplegia have no identifiable cause and occur with a frequency of about one in every thousand births. Experts indicate that the majority of cases of hemiplegia that occur up to the age of two should be considered to be cerebral palsy until proven otherwise.
3. Paraplegia Complete paralysis of the lower half of the body including both legs, usually caused by damage to the spinal cord. The area of the spinal canal that is affected in paraplegia is either the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions. 4. Quadriplegia / Tetraplegia
Is when a person has a spinal cord injury above the first thoracic vertebra, paralysis usually affects the cervical spinal nerves resulting in paralysis of all four limbs. In addition to the arms and legs being paralysed, the abdominal and chest muscles will also be affected resulting in weakened breathing and the inability to properly cough and clear the chest. People with this type of paralysis are referred to as Quadriplegic or Tetraplegic. 5. Monoplegia A paralysis of a single limb, usually an arm. It is frequently associated with cerebral palsy. This is the mildest form of cerebral palsy, and individuals with it generally have a good prognosis for later life. It can also be used if just one muscle group or muscle is affected. It is often thought as hemiplegia with much less involvement of the other limb. A similar condition is monoparesis, in which one limb is very weak, but not completely paralyzed. 6. Poliomyelitis Infectious viral disease affecting the CNS and can lead to partial or full paralysis. Symptoms:

Leg pain (calf muscles) Moderate fever Muscle stiffness Muscle tenderness and spasm in any area of the body Neck pain and stiffness Pain in front part of neck Pain or stiffness of the back, arms, legs, abdomen

Acute Flaccid Paralysis

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Acute Flaccid Paralysis

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Acute Flaccid Paralysis

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Acute Flaccid paralysis A clinical manifestation characterized by weakness or paralysis and reduced muscle tone without other obvious

Flaccid Not firm or stiff; lacking normal or youthful firmness.

You might also like