CLASIFICACIÓN Y OPERACIONES.

ANGULO ENTRE VECTORES

1.

Seanlos vectores: u⃗ =(−5 , 1 ,3 ) ; v⃗ =( 2 ,−4 ,−1 )

Calcular : M =( 2 u⃗ + 3 ⃗v ) .(3 ⃗u−⃗v )

M =[ 2(−5 ,1 , 3)+3 (2 ,−4 ,−1) ] . [ 3(−5 ,1 , 3)−(2 ,−4 ,−1) ]

M =[ (−10 , 2, 6)+(6 ,−12 ,−3) ] . [ (−15 , 3 , 9)−(2 ,−4 ,−1) ]

M =(−4 ,−10 ,3 ) . (−17 , 7 , 10 )

M =68−70+30

M =28

2.

Sean eltriángulo de vértices : A ( 1,−2 ,3 ) ; B (−1 ,1 , 1 ) y C ( 1 , 4 ,−1 )

⃗
AB=B−A= (1 ,−2 ,3 )−(−1 ,1 , 1 )=(2 ,−3 , 2)
AB‖=‖(2 ,−3 , 2)‖=√ 22 +(−3)2 +22= √ 4+9+ 4=√ 17
‖⃗
⃗
BC =C−B=( 1 , 4 ,−1 )−(−1 , 1 ,1 ) =( 2 ,3 ,−2 )
BC‖=‖(2 , 3 ,−2)‖=√ 22 +3 2+(−2)2=√ 4+ 9+4= √ 17
‖⃗
⃗
AC =C− A=( 1 , 4 ,−1 )−( 1 ,−2 , 3 )=( 0 , 6 ,−4 )
AC‖=‖(0 , 6 ,−4)‖=√ 02 +6 2+(−4 )2=√ 0+36+16=√ 52
‖⃗
Por tanto eltriángulo de vértices A , B y C es isósceles de lados iguales ⃗
AB y ⃗
BC

3.

⃗
AB=B−A= (2 , 2 ,7 )−( 3 , 4 ,5 )=(−1,−2 ,2)

AB‖=√ (−1)2+(−2)2+ 22=√ 1+ 4+ 4=3

‖⃗
u⃗
AC
=u⃗
AB

⃗AC ⃗
AB
=
‖ AC‖ ‖AB‖
⃗ ⃗
 ⃗
AB
AC =‖⃗
⃗ AC ‖.
‖⃗
AB‖
⃗ 5
AC = .(−1 ,−2 ,2)
3

⃗ −5 10 10
AC=( ,− , )
3 3 3

4.

Sean eltriángulo de vértices : A ( 2 ,−5 , 3 ) ; B (−1 ,7 ,0 ) y C (−4 , 9 , 7 )

⃗
AB=B−A= (−1 , 7 , 0 )− ( 2,−5 ,3 )=(−3 ,12 ,−3)

AB‖=√ (−3)2 +122+(−3)2=√ 9+144 +9=√ 162=9 √ 2=12.72

‖⃗
⃗
BC =C−B=(−4 , 9 , 7 )−(−1 , 7 , 0 )= (−3 ,2 , 7 )

BC‖=√ (−3)2 +22 +72 =√ 9+4 +49=√ 62=7.87

‖⃗
⃗
AC =C− A=(−4 , 9 ,7 )−( 2 ,−5 , 3 )= (−6 ,14 , 4 )

AC‖=√ (−6)2+14 2 +4 2=√ 36+196+16=√ 248=2 √ 62=15.74

‖⃗

Si M es punto medio de ⃗
AB→ M = ( 2−1
2
,
−5+ 7 3+0
2
,
2 ) =( , 1 , )
1
2
3
2

Si N es punto medio de ⃗
BC → N = ( −1−4
2
,
2
,
2 ) ( 2
7+ 9 0+7
=
−5
,8, )
7
2

Si P es punto medio de ⃗
AC → P=
2
,
2 (
2−4 −5+ 9 3+ 7
,
2
=(−1 ,2 , 5 ) )

5.

u⃗ =( 3 ,−5 , 2 )−( 4 ,−9 ,3 )=(−1 , 4 ,−1 )

⃗v =( 4 ,−1 ,−2 )−( 2 , 4 ,−7 )=( 2 ,−5 ,5 )

θ=arc cos
( u⃗ . ⃗v
‖u⃗‖‖⃗v‖ )
θ=arc cos
( )
(−1 , 4 ,−1 ) . ( 2 ,−5 , 5 )
‖( 1 , 4 ,−1 )‖‖( 2 ,−5 ,5 )‖ (
=arc cos
−27
)
√18 √ 54 ( )
=arc cos
−√ 3
2
=150 °

PRODUCTO VECTORIAL

1.

A=‖( 2 a⃗ −3 ⃗b ) × ( 3 ⃗a + b⃗ )‖

( 2 ⃗a −3 ⃗b ) × ( 3 ⃗a + ⃗b )

6 a⃗ × ⃗a +2 ⃗a × ⃗b−9 b⃗ × ⃗a −3 ⃗b × b⃗

2 ⃗a × b⃗ +9 ⃗a × b⃗

11 a⃗ × ⃗b

A=‖11 a⃗ × ⃗b‖

A=11‖a⃗ × ⃗b‖

‖⃗a × ⃗b‖=‖⃗a‖‖⃗b‖sin 90° =( √ 3 )( √12 ) sin 90 °=6 ( 1 ) =6

2
A=11 ( 6 )=66 u

2.

a⃗ =⃗
AB=( 1 ,2 , 3 ) −(−2 ,3 ,−1 )=(3 ,−1 , 4)

⃗ ⃗
b= AC=( 3 ,−1 ,2 ) −(−2 ,3 ,−1 )=(5 ,−4 , 3)

1
Áreadel triángulo: A= ‖⃗a × b⃗‖
2

| ||
i j k
⃗
a⃗ × b= 3 −1 4 =i
5 −4 3
−1 4
−4 3
−j
3 4
5 3
+k
3 −1
5 −4 | | | |
=(13 ,11,−7) |
‖⃗a × ⃗b‖=√ 132 +112 +(−7)2=√ 339
1
El áreadel triángulo es : A= √ 339=9.21 u2
2
3.

Seanlas aristas :

u⃗ =⃗
AB=( 1, 2 , 4 )−( 3 , 2 ,1 ) =(−2 , 0 , 3)

⃗v =⃗
AC=( 4 , 0 , 3 )−( 3 , 2 ,1 )=(1 ,−2 ,2)

w =⃗
⃗ AD=( 1 , 1, 7 )−( 3 ,2 , 1 )=(−2 ,−1 , 6)

1
Volumen del tetraedro :V = [ u⃗ , ⃗v ⃗
,w]
6

| |
−2 0 3
1
V = 1 −2 2
6
−2 −1 6

V=
1
6 [ | | | ||
−2
−2 2
−1 6
−0
1 2
−2 6
+3
1 −2
−2 −1 |]
1
V=
6
[−2 (−12+ 2 )−0 ( 6+ 4 )+3 (−1−4 ) ]

5 3
V= u
6

4.

Seanlas vectores ⃗a=(−2 , 3 ,−1 ) , ⃗b=( 1, 2 , 3 ) y c⃗ = ( 3 ,−1 ,2 )

1
Volumen del prisma recto :V = [ ⃗a , ⃗b , ⃗c ]
2

| |
−2 3 −1
1
V= 1 2 3
2
3 −1 2

V=
1
2 [ | | | | | |]
−2
2 3
−1 2
−3
1 3
3 2
−1
1 2
3 −1

1
V=
2
[−2 ( 4+3 ) −3 ( 2−9 )−1 (−1−6 ) ]
3
V =7 u
5.

Seanlos vectores ⃗a=( 1 , 3 ,−1 ) , ⃗b= (−2, 4 , 3 ) y c⃗ = ( k +2 , k , k−2 )

Volumen del paralelepípedo: V =[ ⃗a , ⃗b , ⃗c ]

| |
1 3 −1
V = −2 4 3
k +2 k k −2

38=1 |4k 3
k −2| |
−3
−2 3
k +2 k−2
−1
−2 4
| |
k +2 k |
38=[ 4 ( k−2 )−3 k ] −3 [ −2 ( k −2 )−3 ( k +2 ) ] −1 [ −2 k −4 (k + 2) ]

38=[ 4 k −8−3 k ] −3 [ −2 k +4−3 k−6 ] −1 [ −2 k −4 k−8 ]

38=k−8−3 [ −5 k−2 ] −1 [−6 k−8 ]

38=k−8+15 k +6+ 6 k +8

16
k=
11

VECTORES PARALELOS Y ORTOGONALES

1.

a⃗ =( 3 , 1, 2 )

⃗ ( 2 ,1 ,−1 )
b=

c⃗ =t ⃗a +2 ⃗b=t ( 3 , 1 ,2 ) +2 ( 2 ,1 ,−1 )=( 3 t , t , 2 t )+ ( 4 , 2 ,−2 ) =(3 t+ 4 ,t +2 ,2 t−2)

b⃗ . c⃗ =( 2 , 1 ,−1 ) .(3 t+ 4 , t+ 2, 2 t−2)

0=2 (3 t +4 ) +t+ 2−2 t+2

0=6 t+ 8+t+2−2 t+2

5 t=−12
 −12
t=
5

2.

⃗
PQ =( 5 ,1 , 6 ) −( 2,−1 , a )=(3 , 2, 6−a)

⃗
QR =( b , 5 , 9 )−( 5 , 1 ,6 )=(b−5 , 4 , 3)

3 2 6−a
= =
b−5 4 3

2 b−10=12 →2 b=22→ b=11

9
24−4 a=6 → 4 a=18 → a= → a=4.5
2

3.

a⃗ =( m ,−2 , 1 )

⃗ ( 2 m, m ,−4 )
b=

⃗
Siendo a⃗ . b=0 por ser vectores ortogonales

a⃗ . ⃗b=( m ,−2 ,1 ) . ( 2 m, m ,−4 )

2
0=2 m −2m−4
2
0=m −m−2

0=(m−2)(m+1)

m−2=0 →m=2∨ m+1=0 → m=−1

C . S .= {−1 , 2 }

4.

( ⃗a−b⃗ ) . ⃗a=0

a⃗ . a⃗ −⃗a . ⃗b=0
‖⃗a‖ −‖a⃗‖‖b⃗‖cos ( 45° ) =0
2

32−‖⃗b‖ ( √22 )=0

( 2 )=9
‖b⃗‖ √ 2

‖b⃗‖= 9 (2)
√2
‖b⃗‖=9 √2

5.

a⃗ =(−1 , 3 , 4 )

⃗ (−1 ,7 ,−2 )
b=

c⃗ = (2 ,−3 ,1 )

R=[ ⃗a , ⃗b , ⃗c ]+ Comp4 ⃗a b⃗

| |
−1 3 4
[ a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ ]= −1
2
7 −2 =−1
−3 1
7 −2
−3 1|−3
−1 −2
2 1| |
+4
−1 7
2 −3 | | |
=−1 ( 1 )−3 ( 3 ) + 4 (−11) =−54

⃗a . b⃗ (−1 , 3 , 4 ) . (−1 ,7 ,−2 ) −1 (−1 )+3 ( 7 )+ 4 (−2) 14 √ 54 14 √ 54 7 √ 54

Comp 4 ⃗a ⃗b=Comp ⃗a ⃗b= = = = = =
‖b⃗‖ √(−1)2 +72 +(−2)2 √ 1+ 49+ 4 √ 54 √ 54 54 27

7 √ 54
R=−54+
27

ECUACIONES DE LAS RECTAS PARALELISMO Y ORTOGONALIDAD

1.

L1 / ∕ L2 ⇔ ⃗v 1=λ ⃗v2

⃗v =(2 ,−3 , 9)
x y−14 z +10
= =
2 −3 9

2.

Pasamos laecuación paramétrica a simétrica: L1 : x=2+2 t y=3−6 t z=5 t

⃗v 2=(2 t−2 , 6−6 t ,5 t +4 )

L1 ⊥ L2 ⇔ v⃗1 . ⃗v 2=0

( 2 ,−6 ,5 ) .(2 t−2 , 6−6 t ,5 t +4 )=0

4 t−4−36+36 t+25 t+ 20=0

4 t+36 t +25 t=4 +36−20

4
t=
13

−18 54 72
⃗v 2=( , , )
13 13 13

−18 54 72
L2=( 4 ,−3 ,−4 ) +t ( , , )
13 13 13

3.

u⃗ =⃗
AB=B− A= (−1, 2 ,−1 )−( 3 ,2 , 1 )=(−4 , 0 ,−2)

⃗v =⃗
CD=D−C= (5 ,−2 ,1 )−( 2 ,−2 , 7 )=(3 , 0 ,−6)

u⃗ . ⃗v = (−4 , 0 ,−2 ) . ( 3 , 0 ,−6 )=−12+0+ 12=0

Como sus vectores u⃗ . v⃗ =0 lasrectas son ortogonales .

4.

Para el eje X :

6−(−6) 12
= =4
3 3
Para el eje Y :

0−9 −9
= =−3
3 3

Para el eje Z :

−3−(−12) 9
= =3
3 3

Hallando los puntos de trisección :

T =(−6 , 9 ,−12 )

P1=(−6 +4 , 9−3 ,−12+3 )=(−2 ,6 ,−9)

P2=(−2+ 4 , 6−3 ,−9+ 3 )=(2 ,3 ,−6)

T =( 6 , 0 ,−3 )

5.

L1 : ( 0 ,0 , 0 )+t (1 , 1 ,2)

L2 : (1 ,−2 ,0 )+ s (1 ,2 , 1)

SiendoQ el punto de intersección L1 y R de L2

⃗
PQ =( 0 , 0 ,0 )+ t ( 1 ,1 , 2 )−(0 , 1 ,1)=(t , t−1 ,2 t−1)

⃗
PR=( 1 ,−2 , 0 ) +S ( 1, 2 , 1 )−(0 ,1 , 1)=(s+1 , 2 s−3 , s−1)

t t−1 2 t−1
Si ⃗
PQ /¿ ⃗
PR → = = entonces :
s+1 2 s−3 s−1

t t−1
= →1+ts=4 t−s → t=0 y s=−1
s +1 2 s−3

t 2 t−1 1 3
= →−3 t + s=ts−1→ s= y t= (ok )
s +1 s−1 2 7

3 4 1
L :P=( 0 , 1 ,1 ) +r ( ,− ,− )
7 7 7

INTERSECCIÓN Y DISTANCIA ENTRE RECTAS EN R3

1.

L1 :
3 {
x−1 y z−5 P 1=( 1 ,0 ,5 )
= =
4 −1 v=(3 , 4 ,−1)

2 −1
=
{
x y +1 z−4 P2=( 0 ,−1 , 4 )
L2 : =
1 v =(2 ,−1, 1)

⃗
P 1 P2=P2 −P 1=( 0 ,−1 , 4 )−( 1 , 0 , 5 )=(−1 ,−1 ,−1 )

| ||
i j k
⃗v × ⃗
w = 3 4 −1 =i
2 −1 1
4 −1
−1 1
−j
3 −1
2 1
+k | |
3 4
2 −1 | |
=(3 ,−5 ,−11) |
d ( L1 , L2 )=
|⃗ w )| |(−1 ,−1 ,−1)(3 ,−5 ,−11)| |−3+5+11| 13
P1 P2 .(⃗v ×⃗
= = = =
13 √ 155
‖⃗v × ⃗
w‖ √3 +5 +11
2 2 2
√155 √155 155

2.

L1 : P=(−6 , 1 ,−1 ) +t (2 ,1 ,−1)

L2 : P=( 3 , 0 ,2 )+ r (1 ,2 , 0)

Siendo ⃗
ABla distancia minima

A=(−6 +2t , 1+ t ,−1−t)

B=(3+r , 2 r , 2)

⃗
AB=B−A= (3+ r ,2 r , 2 )−(−6+ 2t ,1+t ,−1−t ) =(9+ r−2 t , 2 r−1−t , 3+t)

⃗
AB ⊥ ⃗v 1

⃗
AB . ⃗v 1=0

( 2 , 1,−1 ) . ( 9+ r−2 t , 2 r−1−t , 3+t )=0

2 r−3 t=−7 … … …..(1)

⃗
AB ⊥ ⃗v 2

⃗
AB . ⃗v 2=0

(1 , 2, 0). ( 9+r−2 t ,2 r−1−t , 3+t )=0

5 r−4 t=−7 … … …..(2)

Sistemade ecuaciones con ( 1 ) y (2)

{25 r−3 t=−7

r−4 t=−7

7 t=21

t=3 y r=1

A=(−6+2(3), 1+3 ,−1−3 )=(0 , 4 ,−4 )

B=( 3+ 1, 2 ( 1 ) ,2 ) =( 4 , 2 ,2)

3.

⃗
AB=B−A= (5 , 2 ,−7 )−( 2 ,−1 ,−3 )=(3 ,3 ,−4 )

⃗
AC =C− A=(−7 ,11, 6)−( 2 ,−1,−3 )=(−9 , 12 , 9)

u⃗
AB
=
( 3 ,3 ,−4)
√ 3 +3 +(−4)
2 2 2
=
( √334 , √334 ,− √434 )=( 3 √3434 , 3 √3434 ,− 4 √3434 )
u⃗
AC
=
(−9 ,12 , 9)
√(−9) +12 +9
2 2 2
=
( √−9306 , √12306 , √ 306
9
)=( √−334 , √434 , √334 )=( −334√ 34 , 4 34√34 , 3 34√34 )
La ecuación vectorial seria: P+ r (u⃗
AB +u⃗
AC
)

( 2 ,−1 ,−3 ) +r (0 , √ ,− √ )
7 34 34
34 34

4.

L1 :
x−4 y−6 z−8 P 1=( 4 ,6 ,8 )
3
=
4
=
5 v =(3 , 4 ,5) {
L2 : P=( 0 , 1 ,2 ) +r (1, 1 , 1)
{P2 =( 0 ,1 , 2 )
v =(1 , 1, 1)

⃗
P 1 P2=P2 −P 1=( 0 , 1, 2 )− ( 4 , 6 , 8 ) =(−4 ,−5 ,−6 )
 | |
−4 −5 −6
[⃗ w ]= 3
m , ⃗v ,⃗
1
4
1
5 =−4
1
4 5
1 1
+5 | | | | | |
3 5
1 1
−6
3 4
1 1
=−4 (−1 ) +5 (−2 )−6 (−1 )=4−10+ 6=0

L1 y L2 se intersectan

{ {
x=r
L2 : y =1+ r
z=2+ r
x−4 y−6 z−8
L1 : = =
3 4 5

x−4 y −6
=
3 4

r−4 1+r−6
=
3 4

4 ( r−4 ) =3(r −5)

4 r−16=3 r−15

r =1

{
x=r → x=1
Reemplazando en L2 : y =1+r → y=1+1=2
z =2+ r → z=2+1=3

PI =(1 , 2 ,3)

5.

θ=arc cos
(‖⃗v⃗v‖‖. ⃗w⃗w‖)=arc cos ( √ 2 +1( 2 , 1+(−1)
2 2 2 2 2
√ 1 +2 +0 )
,−1 ) .(1 , 2, 0)
2
=arc cos(
4
√ 30
)=arc cos (
2 √ 30
15
)=43.08 °

PLANOS PARALELOS Y PERPENDICULARES

1.

u⃗ =⃗
PQ =( 0 ,1 ,−1 )−(−1 ,−3 , 2 )=(1 , 4 ,−3)

⃗v =⃗
PR=(−3 , 4 , 8 )−(−1 ,−3 ,2 ) =(−2 , 7 , 6)
 | ||
i j k
n⃗ = 1 4 −3 =i
−2 7 6
4 −3
7 6
−j
1 −3
−2 6 | |
+k
1 4
−2 7 | | |
=( 45 , 0 , 15 )=15(3 ,0 , 1)

n⃗ . ( P−P0 ) =( 3 , 0 ,1 )( x +1 , y +3 , z−2 ) =3 x +3+ z −2=3 x+ z+1

P :3 x+ z +1=0

2.

P1=( 4 ,−3 ,0 )

⃗v =(4 , 3 ,−2)

P2=( 2 , 5 ,−1 )

w =(−4 ,−3 , 2)
⃗

⃗
P 1 P2=P2 −P 1=( 2 ,5 ,−1 )−( 4 ,−3 , 0 )=(−2 , 8 ,−1 )

| ||
i j k
n⃗ = 4 3 −2 =i
−2 8 −1
3 −2
8 −1
−j
4 −2
−2 −1 | |
+k
4 3
−2 8 | |
=(13 ,8 ,38) |
n⃗ . ( P−P0 ) =( 13 , 8 ,38 )( x−4 , y +3 , z )=13 x−52+8 y +24+38 z=13 x +8 y +38 z−28

P :13 x ++ 8 y +38 z−28=0

3.

⃗
MR=R−M = ( 4 ,−2 ,−1 )− (3 ,−1 ,2 )=(1 ,−1,−3)

Ax+ By+ Cz+ D=0

A=1 B=−1C=−3

x− y −3 z + D=0

(3)−(−1)−3(2)+ D=0

D=2

P : x− y−3 z +2=0
4.

S(2 ,−1, 1)

P1 : 2 x−z +1=0 ⃗n1=(2, 0 ,−1)

P2 : y=0 n⃗2=(0 , 1 , 0)

| ||
i j k
n⃗ =⃗n1 ×⃗n2= 2 0 −1 =i
0 1 0
0 −1
1 0
−j
2 −1
0 0
+k
2 0
0 1 | | | | |
=(1 ,0 , 2)

a ( x−x 0 ) + b ( y− y 0 ) + c ( z−z 0 ) =0

(1) ( x−2 )+(0) ( y−(−1) ) +(2) ( z−1 ) =0

x−2+2 z−2=0

x +2 z −4=0

5.

{
x=2+3 r
L1 : y=−4 r
z =5+r

P1 : 4 x +5 y−2 z−18=0

3 x−2 2 y −5 z −2
L2 : = =
−6 −3 2

Reemplazando los valores de L1 en P 1

4 (2+3 r )+5(−4 r )−2(5+ r)−18=0

8+12 r−20 r−10−2r −18=0

10 r=−20

r =−2

Reemplazando el valor de r en L1
 {
x=2+3 (−2 ) =−4
L1 : y=−4 (−2 ) =8
z=5+ (−2 )=3

PI =(−4 , 8 , 3)

P ⊥ L2 → ⃗v =(−6 ,−3 , 2 )

Ax+ By+ Cz+ D=0

A=−6 B=−3 C=2

−6 x−3 y +2 z+ D=0

−6 (−4 ) −3 ( 8 ) +2(3)+ D=0

D=−6

P :6 x+ 3 y−2 z +6=0

DISTANCIA Y ÁNGULO ENTRE PLANOS

1.

| ||
i j k
n⃗ =⃗v × ⃗
w= 2 1 −2 =i
1 3 4
1 −2
3 4
−j
2 −2
1 4
+k
2 1
1 3 | | | | |
=(10 ,−10 , 5)

⃗v =S−T = ( 4 ,−1 ,5 ) −(1 ,−3 ,1)=( 3 , 2 , 4 )

|(10 ,−10 ,5) ( 3 ,2 , 4 )| 30

d ( S , P )= = =2
√10 +(−10) +5
2 2 2
15

2.

P2=4 x−2 y +4 z −21=0

P1=2 x− y +2 z+ 9=0 almultiplicar por 2 toda la expresión quedaria

P1=4 x−2 y +4 z +18=0

Reemplazando los valores en la fórmula:

 |D2−D 1|
d ( P1 , P2 ) =
√ A2 + B2 +C 2
|−21−18| 39 13
d ( P1 , P2 ) = = = =6.5
√ 4 +(−2) +4
2 2 2 6 2

3.

|D2−D 1|
d ( P1 , P2 ) =
√ A2 + B2 +C 2
|5−(−1)| 6
d ( P1 , P2 ) = = =2
√2 +(−2) +1 3
2 2 2

3 3 3
El volumen del cubo es V =l → V =2 =8 u

4.

P1 : 2 x +3 y−z=0

P2 : y−3 z+ 4=0

La variable y en P 2 en función de z

y=−4+ 3 z

La variable x en P1 en función de z

2 x+3 (−4 +3 z)−z =0

2 x−12+9 z−z=0

2 x=12−8 z

x=6−4 z

La ecuación vectorial de la recta es :

R=(6−4 z ,−4+ 3 z , z)

R=( 6 ,−4 , 0 ) + (−4 z ,3 z , z )

R=( 6 ,−4 , 0 ) + z (−4 ,3 , 1 )

5.

n⃗1=(3 , 1 ,−1)

n⃗2 =(4 ,−2 ,−3)

β=arc cos
( n⃗ 1 . ⃗n2
‖⃗n1‖‖n⃗ 2‖ )
(√ )
( 3 ,1 ,−1 )( 4 ,−2,−3 )
arc cos 2 2
3 +1 + (−1 )
2
√ 4 + (−2 ) + (−3 )
2 2 2

=arc cos ( √
( 12−2+3 ) ( ) 319 )
13 13 319
arc cos =arc cos
√ 11 √29 √ 319
β=43.29

Donde el ángulo θ=180−β=180−43.29=136.71

SESIÓN INTEGRADORA

1.

R=⃗a × ( ⃗c + b⃗ )− proy 3 ⃗a (2 ⃗a + b)
⃗

a⃗ × ( ⃗c + ⃗b ) =⃗a × ⃗c + ⃗a × ⃗b

| ||
i j k
a⃗ × ⃗c = 2 5 −1 =i
3 0 −4
5 −1
0 −4
−j
2 −1
3 −4
+k
2 5
3 0 | |
=(−20 , 5 ,−15) | | |

| ||
i j k
a⃗ × ⃗b= 2 5 −1 =i
−2 0 −3
5 −1
0 −3
−j
2 −1
−2 −3
+k
2 5
−2 0 | |
=(−15 , 8 ,10) | | |
proy3 a⃗ ( 2 ⃗a + b⃗ )= proy ⃗a ( 2 ⃗a + ⃗b ) =2 proy ⃗a ⃗a + proy ⃗a b⃗

⃗a . ⃗a
proy ⃗a a⃗ = 2
. ⃗a =( 2 ,5 ,−1 )
‖a⃗‖
⃗b . ⃗a (−2 , 0 ,−3 ) . ( 2 , 5 ,−1 ) −1 −1 1 1
⃗
proy ⃗a b= . ⃗a = . ( 2 ,5 ,−1 )= ( 2 , 5 ,−1 )=( ,− , )
2 2
‖a⃗‖
2 2
2 + 5 + (−1 ) 30 15 6 30
R=(−20 ,5 ,−15 ) + (−15 , 8 , 10 )−2 ( 2 ,5 ,−1 )− (−115 ,− 16 , 301 )=( 584 19 −91
, ,
15 6 30
)

2.

Seanlas aristas :

u⃗ =⃗
AB=(−2 , 4 ,−1 )−( 3 , 2 ,1 )= (−5 ,2 ,−2 )

⃗v =⃗
AC=( 5 ,−3 , 0 )−( 3 , 2 ,1 ) =(2 ,−5 ,−1)

w =⃗
⃗ AD=(−4 , 1 ,7 )−( 3 , 2 ,1 )=(−7 ,−1 ,6)

1
Volumen del tetraedro :V = [ u⃗ , ⃗v ⃗
,w]
6

| |
−5 2 −2
1
V= 2 −5 −1
6
−7 −1 6

V=
1
6 [ |
−5
−5 −1
−1 6
−2
1 2
−2 6 | |
−2
1 −2
−2 −1 | | |]
1
V=
6
[−5 (−30−1 ) −2 ( 6 +4 )−2(−1−4 )]

145 3
V= u
6

3.

L1 : P=( 3 , 2,−1 ) +t( 1,−2 ,5)

L2 : P=( 9 , 6 , 5 ) +r (1 , 2 ,−1)

m =⃗
⃗ P1 P2=P2−P1= ( 9 ,6 ,5 )−( 3 , 2,−1 )=(6 , 4 ,6)

| |
6 4 6
[⃗ w ] = 1 −2
m , ⃗v ,⃗
1 2
5 =6
−1
|
−2 5
2 −1
−4
1 5
1 −1| |
+6
1 −2
1 2 | | |
=6 (−8 )−4 (−6 ) +6 ( 4 )=−48+24 +24=0

L1 y L2 se intersectan
{ {
x=9+r
L2 : y=6+2 r
z=5−r
x−3 y−2 z+1
L1 : = =
1 −2 5

y−2 z+1
=
−2 5

6+2 r−2 5−r+ 1

=
−2 5

5 (−2−r )=6−r

4 r=−16

r =−4

{
x=9+r → 9+ (−4 )=5
Reemplazando en L2 : y =6+2 r →6+ 2 (−4 )=−2
z=5−r → 5− (−4 )=9

PI =(5 ,−2 , 9)

34.

P1=(3 ,−2 , 1)

⃗v =(−2, 3 , 1)

P2=(−6 , 1 ,5)

w =(0 , 9 ,−3)
⃗

⃗
P 1 P2=P2 −P 1=(−6 , 1 ,5 )−( 3 ,−2 , 1 )=(−9 ,3 , 4 )

| ||
i j k
n⃗ =⃗v × ⃗
w= −2 3 1 =i
0 9 −3
3 1
9 −3
−j
2 1
0 −3
+k| |
−2 3
0 9 | | |
= (−18 ,−6 ,−18 )

n⃗ =(3 , 1 ,3)

n⃗ ( P−P 0 )=( 3 , 1 ,3 )( x−3 , y +2 , z−1 )=3 x−9+ y+ 2+ 3 z −3=3 x + y +3 z−10

P :3 x+ y +3 z−10=0

5.

{
x=−2+3 r
x +2 y z−4
L: = = L: y=r
3 1 2
z=4+2 r

P1=2 x+ 3 y−z +11=0

Reemplazmos L en P 1

2 (−2+3 r ) +3 ( r )−( 4+2 r ) +11=0

−4+6 r +3 r −4−2 r +11=0

−3+7 r =0

−3
r=
7

Reemplazmos r en L

{
x=−2+ 3 r → x=−2+3 ( −37 )= −237
−3
L: y=r → y=
7
z=4 +2 r → z=4+2
7( )
−3 22
=
7

−23 3 22
PI =( ,− , )
7 7 7

Calculando la ⃗n del plano paralelo a P

⃗v =⃗
AB=(−2 , 1, 1 )−( 1 ,−2, 3 ) =(−3 ,3 ,−2 )

w =⃗
⃗ AC =(−3 ,2 ,−1 )−( 1 ,−2 , 3 )=(−4 , 4 ,−4 )

| ||
i j k
n⃗ =⃗v × ⃗
w= −3
−4
3 −2 =i
4 −4
3 −2
4 −4
−j
−3 −2
−4 −4| |
+k
−3 3
−4 4 | | |
=(−4 , 4 , 0 )

n⃗ =(1 ,−1, 0)
Hallando el plano P

Ax+ By+ Cz+ D=0

A=1 B=−1C=0

x− y + D=0

Reemplazando el PI

( −237 )−( −37 )+ D=0

20
D=
7

Reemplazamos el valor de D en la ecuacion del plano P

20
P : x− y + =0
7