Handout For Art Appreciation (Age6 00)

Handout for
ART APPRECIATION (AGE6 00)

Lesson 10
Section 2
Arts in the Early and
Modern Civilizations
Lesson 10: The Asian Art

 Chinese Art
 Japanese Art
 Buddhist Art Influence
Lesson 10
Chinese Art
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Just like any other art history in the world, traditional Asian artwork is
famous for its ceremonial bronzes, exquisite pottery, jades, fabrics,
decorated vistas, garden design, intricate gold work, magnificent
structures, printmaking, shadow puppetry, and calligraphy. The
imagery of Asian art and culture are united by significant ideological
traditions, religion, philosophy and language systems. Surprisingly
developments in Asian art are historically parallel to those in Western
art especially in the regions of China, Japan and Mesopotamia.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Functions: Asian art primarily serves religious function. Building

and decorating temples with the best vessels made of bronze and gold
including their statues of gods and goddesses. Without arbitrary
divisions separating the arts, Asia has developed exceptionally complex
artistic forms possessing extraordinary richness and subtlety in
practical and aesthetic applications.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Influence: The history of Asian painting is as old as the civilization

of China. It is historically comparable to Western painting. Eastern
countries continued to influence each other's production of arts over
the centuries alongside ideologies of Confucianism, Daoism, and
Buddhism played important roles in East Asian art. Chinese paintings
generally is being described as “meditative art” for most of its subjects
depictions is about life and nature.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Chinese Art:
Varied throughout its ancient history, Chinese art was divided into
periods by the ruling dynasties of China and changing technology.
Different forms of art have been influenced by great philosophers,
teachers, religious figures and even political leaders. Chinese art
encompasses fine arts, folk arts and performance arts.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Chinese Art: 3 Notable Painters
1 Wu Daozi, 680-759 CE – a famous painter in the Tang
Dynasty (618 - 907AD), was honored as a painting saint . He

is recorded as having painted a wide variety of subjects, perhaps
painting large wall compositions of an essentially Buddhist character
mostly. He is especially noted for his imagination and the expressive
vigor of his brush strokes which is cited even by Tang critics who
lavished a “divine” (shen) rating upon him.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Wu-Daozi painted a landscape to decorate the palace

wall for the emperor. In the painting he depicted the
forests, waterfalls, mountains, clouds and the immense
sky along with a cave where dwelt a spirit.
Wu Daozi (680 – c. 760), also known as Daoxuan, was a Chinese

painter of the Tang dynasty.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

2 Zhu Da, 1626-1705 CE – Zhu Da,

pronounced Chu Ta, born c. 1625, Nanchang at Jiangxi
province. Also a calligrapher in the late Ming Dynasty and
Qing Dynasty. He was the descendant of Zhu Yuanzhang,
the founder of the Ming Dynasty Prince of Ning.
“Mountain Man of the Eight Greats” 1626–1705 CE

Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Zhu Da, known as an eccentric artist known also
as Bada Shanren developed a unique visual
vocabulary full of personal symbolism and artistic
gesture, and he frequently included unusual
elements and juxtapositions that were deliberately
jarring or obscure. Many works possess great
graphic power, but the meaning behind them is “Enigmas” The Art of
elusive, leaving viewers puzzled and intrigued. Bada Shanren (1625-1705)
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

“Enigmas” The Art of “Flower in Jar”, 1689

Bada Shanren (1625-1705) Bada Shanren “Two Birds”, 1705
Bada Shanren
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

3 Zhao Menfu 1254-1322 CE – was the

descendant of Zhao Kuangyin, the founder of Song
Dynasty (960 - 1279AD). He was a versatile scholar
specializing in calligraphy and painting.
Zhau Menfu self portrait

Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

1254-1322 CE – Zhao is popularly
remembered as a painter of horses
in the manner of the Tang dynasty
(618–907), but he also painted
other animal groups, landscapes,
and bamboos.
Landscape painting, “Autumn Colors on
the Que and Hua Mountains” 1262-1319
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Chinese Art: Zhao Dynasty Art
Moonlight Landscape (1889) by
Hashimoto Gahō
Large Scroll Mural Paintings - Chinese large paintings, which

dates back centuries, was focused on several various topics, including
landscapes, wildlife, and other beauty that were represented in
meticulous precision with calligraphy inscription. Chinese paintings,
rather than being done on big, flat canvases, were primarily made on
enormous scrolls that were hung for the exhibition. There were painters
who used folding sheets and other ways, such as huge murals.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Landscape painting,
“Autumn Colors on the
Que and Hua Mountains”
1262-1319
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

The Zhou introduced new decorative motifs,
including magnificent long-tailed birds and large
angular flanges. In addition, the Zhou greatly
expanded the Late Shang practice of adding
inscriptions to their ritualistic bronze vessels,
indicating the patron, and the ancestor to whom
the vessel was dedicated. Up to 400 characters
might be used in a single inscription.
Mirror Holder 1000 BCE
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

The Chinese Bronze Age began in the Xia
Dynasty (c. 2070 – c. 1600 BC), and
bronze ritual vessels form the bulk of
collections of Chinese antiquities, reaching
its zenith during the Shang Dynasty
(1600–1046 BC) and the early part of the
Zhou Dynasty (1045–256 BC).
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Folding Canvas for

large Mural Painting
Palace of Nine Perfections (1691) by Yuan Jiang

Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Ancient Chinese Architecture were notable for this description:

Walled compounds, raised pavilions, wooden columns and paneling,
yellow glazed roof tiles, landscaped gardens, and a careful application
of town planning and use of big spaces. Many of them still playing an
important part in modern architecture across East Asia. Architects
were influenced by ideas from India and the Buddhism but the
buildings of ancient China remained remarkably constant in
fundamental appearance over the centuries, inspiring much of the
architecture of other neighboring East Asian states.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Chinese Architecture
The ancient Chinese architecture begin in the
Neolithic period (before 1600 BC); however, the
first record was during the Shang Dynasty (c.
1600–1046 BC). In the Neolithic era, there were
only two kinds of buildings: circular buildings with a
conical roof and square buildings with a pyramidal
roof. While the circular house was built above the
ground, the latter was constructed half below the The Xumi Pagoda of
surface of the ground. The Tang Dynasty
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Notable Chinese Architecture
The Forbidden City formerly known as

Iperial Palace is located in the center of
Beijing. The largest ancient palatial
architectural structure in the world is now
home to the Palace Museum. Built between
1406 and 1420, the imperial palace is a
complex composed of 980 preserved ancient
wood and stone buildings. Forbidden City
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

The Great Wall is the world's longest

ancient architectural structure. It has a
winding path over rugged mountains around
Beijing and the Mongol border, from a beach
in East China to a West China desert corridor
between tall mountain ranges.
The Great Wall
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Pagodas are actually native to India. These

octagonal towers were introduced to China along
with the introduction and integration of
Buddhism. The design of the traditional Indian
pagoda changed as the structure was integrated
into Chinese culture.
The Great Wall
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Chinese Sculpture
The Leshan Giant Buddha is a 71-
metre tall stone statue, built between
713 and 803. It is carved out of a cliff
face of Cretaceous red bed sandstones
that lies at the confluence of the Min
River and Dadu River in the southern
part of Sichuan Province in China, near
the city of Leshan.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Chinese Sculpture
The Terracotta Army history dates

back to over 2,200 years ago. Its
construction began in 246 BC. The
Terracotta Army was designed to guard
Qin Shi Huang's tomb. Over 720,000
laborers worked for approximately 40
years to complete it.
Lesson 10
Japanese Art
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Japanese Art:
Some ancient Japanese art is thought to have originated in about
10,000 BCE that includes traditional Japanese art includes ink
paintings on silk and paper, calligraphy, architecture, pottery,
sculpture, jade carvings and a myriad of other types of works of art.
Although Japanese art has its own aesthetic, Japanese artists have a
history of being influenced by Chinese art.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art Buddha means

“the age of enlightenment.”
Japanese Art: Chinese Influence

All Japanese art forms, such as chado (tea ceremony), ikebana (flower
arrangement), shodo (calligraphy) paintings and even martial arts were
greatly influenced by the unique philosophy of Zen. These art forms
were transformed by Zen into a spiritual discipline focused on
calmness, simplicity, and self-growth. Zen or Chan which means
“meditation,” emphasize individual meditative practice to achieve self-
realization and, thereby, enlightenment. This influence is the Japanese
development of the school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in
China as Chan Buddhism.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Japanese Art: Pottery

The Jomon Period (c. 14,500 - c. 300 BCE) of ancient Japan produced a
distinctive pottery which distinguishes it from the earlier Paleolithic Age.
Jomon Pottery vessels are the oldest in the world and their impressed
decoration, which resembles rope, is the origin of the word jomon,
referring to 'cord pattern'.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Japanese Art: Pottery

All Jōmon pots were made by hand, without the aid of a wheel, the
potter building up the vessel from the bottom with coil upon coil of soft
clay. As in all other Neolithic cultures, women produced these early
potteries. Jōmon is said to be the world’s oldest pottery to be
discovered, 3,000-2000 BCE.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Tetsu Katsuda,
Evening, 1934,
Japanese Art:
Nihonga – a general term for traditional Japanese painting, means,
literally, "Japanese painting". Now in common use, this term originated
during the Meiji period, to distinguish Japanese painting from
Western-style oil painting.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Japanese Art:
“The Great Wave off Kanagawa” by Katsushika Hokusai is probably
the most recognizable Japanese painting ever made. It’s actually the
most prominent piece of art that depicts an enormous wave
threatening boats off the coast of the prefecture of Kanagawa. While
sometimes assumed to be a tsunami, the wave is, as the picture’s title
suggests, more likely to be a large rogue wave. The painting is
executed in the tradition of ukiyo-e.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Japanese Art: Ukiyo-e

Ukiyo-e also known as “woodblock printing” often translated ‘pictures of
the floating world’, is a genre of Japanese art flourished from the 17th -
19th centuries in the early Edo period. It started as one-piece black-ink
only using woodblock prints. The drawings were circulated in towns as
printed books or in canvas cloth and spread among the common people
for their enjoyment. Color print began in the mid-Edo period.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art 1675-80

Two Lovers
Hishikawa Moronobu

This Ukiyo-e print, deploying an aerial perspective which was a noted
feature of Japanese art, depicts two lovers, a samurai warrior whose
sword can be seen in the foreground lying beside him, and a woman
whose discarded musical instrument lies in the right middle distance
with the diagonal of its neck extending toward the right corner. This is
an early example of shunga and may have been the frontispiece for a
12 print series depicting the dance of sexual relations, as the
frontispiece was often more decorous and posited as a kind of prelude
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

1787
Interior of a Bathhouse
Artist: Torri Kiyonaga

This Ukiyo-e print depicts a number of women, nude or partially robed,
in various activities of bathing. Bathing was an important ritual in
Japanese culture and communal bathhouse scenes were incorporated
into ukiyo-e's everyday subject matter as one of the few to include
treatment of the nude.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

The Hikone screen (Hikone byōbu) is a Japanese painted folding screen
of unknown authorship made during the Kan'ei era (c. 1624–44). The
94-×-274.8-centimetre (37.0 × 108.2 in) screen folds in six parts and
is painted on gold-leaf paper. It depicts people in the pleasure quarters
of Kyoto playing music and games. The work is seen as representative
of early modern Japanese genre painting; some consider it the earliest
work of ukiyo-e.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art The Vinegar Tasters painting

by Kano Isen’in, c. 1802-1816
The Vinegar Tasters is a traditional subject in

Chinese religious painting. The allegorical
composition depicts the three founders of China's
major religious and philosophical traditions:
Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. The theme in
the painting has been interpreted as favoring Taoism
and critical of the others. The Vinegar Tasters
painting is the most popular painting related to
taoism. It was made even more famous when the
book "Tao of Pooh" mentioned this piece of art.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Meanings: In the painting are three men
Confucius, Buddha and Laozi are dipping
their fingers in a vat of vinegar and tasting it.
The three reacted showing three facial
expressions of sour, bitter and sweet
respectively. Each man's expression
represents the predominant attitude of his
philosophy:
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Confucianism saw life as sour
– in need of rules to correct the
Buddhism saw life as bitter – degeneration of people.
dominated by pain and suffering due
to the attachment to possessions and
material desires and Taoism saw life as sweet –
due to it being fundamentally
perfect in its natural state.
Another interpretation of the painting is that, since the three men are
gathered around one vat of vinegar, the "three teachings" are one.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Japanese Architecture
Style: The earliest Japanese architecture was seen in prehistoric times

in. Influence from Han dynasty China via Korea saw the introduction of
more complex grain stores and ceremonial burial chambers. Japanese
architecture has traditionally been typified by wooden structures,
elevated slightly off the ground, with tiled or thatched roofs. Sliding
doors (fusuma) were used in place of walls, allowing the internal
configuration of a space to be customized for different occasions.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Function: The Various Styles of Architecture in Japan. Shinden-

Zukuri is a Heian-era architectural style employed in aristocratic
residences. In the Kamakura era, the Buke-Zukuri style was used for the
samurais' homes. The label Shuden-Zukuri is used to describe the design
aesthetic of samurai homes during the Muromachi era. For the
commoners simple pit-houses and stores adapted to the needs of a
hunter-gatherer population.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Gassho-style In ancient history, Japanese housing were born from

the wisdom of people who live in the snow from the ancient era. The
biggest feature of Gassho-style housing is the steep thatched roof that
comfortably covers the house. The roof is designed this way to ensure
space for sericulture as well as provide ventilation and daylighting.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Gassho-style houses were built from the middle of the Edo Period
between 1603 and 1867; to the beginning of the Showa Period in the
area from Shirakawa Village to the Gokayama district in Fukui
Prefecture. The oldest buildings are said to be 300 years old.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

The Great Buddha Hall: Tang wooden pagodas have all been
destroyed, but graceful examples survive at Nara, notably at Hōryū
Temple, Yakushi Temple, and Daigō Temple. Masonry pagodas include the
seven-story, 58-metre- (190-foot-) high Dayan Ta, or Great Wild Goose
Pagoda, of the Ci’en Temple in Chang’an, on which the successive stories
are marked by corbeled cornices, and timber features are simulated in
stone by flat columns, or pilasters, struts, and capitals.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

The Great Buddha Hall: It’s

the Great Buddha Hall houses the
world's largest bronze statue of the
Buddha Vairocana, known in Japanese
as Daibutsu. The temple also serves as
the Japanese headquarters of the Kegon
school of Buddhism.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art Dogū, Ebisuda site in

Tajiri, Miyagi Prefecture,
Japanese Sculpture 1000–400 BC.
Dogū literally "earthen figure" are small humanoid and

animal figurines made during the later part of the
Jōmon period about 14,000–400 BC of prehistoric
Japan. Dogū come exclusively from the Jōmon period,
and were no longer made by the following Yayoi
period. There are various styles of dogū, depending
on the exhumation area and time period. The purpose
of the dogū remains unknown.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Japanese Sculpture
Daibutsu-sama, giant Buddha statue

also called Rushanabutsu as a prayer for
good fortune in all things, as based on
Buddhist teachings. In the year 752, a
grand ceremony was held to consecrate
and "open the eyes" of the statue.
Lesson 10
Buddhist Art
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Buddhist Art:
Originated in the Indian subcontinent in the centuries following the life
of the historical Gautama Buddha in the 6th to 5th century BCE, before
evolving through its contact with other cultures and its diffusion
through the rest of Asia and the world.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Buddhist Art: Gautama Buddha

Popularly known as the Buddha, was a Śramaṇa who lived in ancient
India. He is regarded as the founder of the world religion of Buddhism.
A couple of centuries after his death he came to be known by the title
Buddha, which means ‘Awakened One’ or ‘Enlightened One’.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Buddhist Art:
This is one of the images of the pensive
bodhisattva prevalent in East Asia between
the 5th and 8th centuries. In Korea, the type also
emerged as an important Buddhist icon particularly
in the kingdoms of Baekje and Silla. This 83.2cm
seated figure is among the best-preserved
examples of a Pensive Bodhisattva.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Buddhist Art:
The Great Stupa at Sanchi, India has been the focal point of
the Buddhist faith in the region since it was built by Emperor Ashoka in
the 3rd century BC.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Laotian Art:
Lao art involves the myriad of forms creative, cultural expression
originating from Laos. This includes both ancient artefacts and recent
productions. Laotian Art often features themes of religiosity in
Buddhism and includes such material forms as textiles, wood-carving
and basket-weaving, sculpture and architecture.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Laotian Art: Sculpture
The most famous Buddhist sculpture in Laos, is perhaps
the Phra Bang also written as ‘Phrabang’, and which
literally means “Delicate Buddha" is the mystical national
emblem of Laos culture. The statue is 83 cm high
standing Buddha with palms facing forward, cast in
bronze and covered in gold leaf. According to local lore, it
was cast in Ceylon now Sri Lanka sometime between the
1st and 9th century.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Nepalese Sculpture:
Nepali art is diverse and complex. Traditional art here includes intricate
floral patterns, mythical beings, and the complex fusion of Hindu,
Buddhist, and indigenous elements using various materials like wood,
stone, metal, and cloth.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Nepalese Art: Sculpture

‘Bodhisattva
The messianic
Padmapani Lokeshvara’
characterized as the Buddha of the future,
stands in a graciously exaggerated posture,
the body beautifully counterbalanced.
11th – 12th Century
Lesson 10
Some Notable
Asian Artworks
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Bhutanese Art:
Bhutanese arts and crafts are known for their bold use of colors,
exquisite attention to detail and symmetry. Portraying deities, plants
and animals and more, art is used to decorate the homes, temples
and everyday objects of the Bhutanese people. From the Buddhists
monks making intricate sand mandalas to the woodworker carving a
garish mask, art is seen as a religious experience, leading to
enlightenment.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Bhutanese Art:
Thangkas are mainly sacred scroll paintings depicting Buddhist deities,
events of spiritual significance from the lives of Buddha, monks, and
masters, or even compositions of mandala designs that have a
symbolic relevance and aid in meditation. The lotus flower, which is
usually pink or light red, symbolizes enlightenment and spiritual purity
as the flower emerges from the mud. The lotus flower usually is seen
with 8 or 16 petals, and can have different colors to represent
different motifs.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

‘Thangka of Milarepa’
1052-1135, Thimphu.
Bhutanese Art: Thangka Painting

The making of a thangka is a long and
painstaking process. It starts with the preparation
of the canvas, which must be well stretched and
smoothened. The outline of the deity and
composition are made, according to set
guidelines, first in pencil and then with a fine
brush; colors are later painted in.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Cambodian Art:
The traditional visual arts of Cambodia revealed the conservatism of
the ‘Khmer Empire’. Ancient themes were preferred, and rarely was
there an effort to improve or adapt. The principal crafts were weaving,
silver, goldsmith and jewelry making. Visual arts includes wood and
stone sculpture, painting and architecture.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Cambodian Art: Angkor Wat

It was originally built in the first half of the 12th century as a Hindu
temple. Spread across more than 400 acres, Angkor Wat is said to be
the largest religious monument in the world. Originally dedicated to
the Hindu god Vishnu, Angkor Wat became a Buddhist temple by the
end of the 12th century.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

“Angkor” means “capital city”
in the Khmer language, while the
word “Wat” means “temple.”
Initially, Angkor Wat was designed
as a Hindu temple, as that was the
religion of the region's ruler at the
time, Suryavarman II. However,
by the end of the 12th century, it
was converted a Buddhist site.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Hindu gods riding on

elephant and goddesses at
the entrance door carvings.
Cambodian Art: Stone Carving

The Angkor Wat temple walls are covered with bas-relief sculptures of
very high quality, representing Hindu gods and ancient Khmer scenes as
well as scenes from the Mahabharata and the Ramayana
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Cambodian Art: Angkor Thom

After the Cham people of modern-day Vietnam sacked Angkor in 1177,
King Jayavarman VII (reigned 1181–c. 1220) decided that the Hindu
gods had failed him. When he built a new capital nearby, Angkor
Thom, he dedicated it to Buddhism. Thereafter, Angkor Wat became a
Buddhist shrine, and many of its carvings and statues of Hindu deities
were replaced by Buddhist art.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
“Angkor” means “city”

and “Thom” means big –
Therefore Angkor Thom
refers to what once was a
great Khmer city and includes
a whole host of temples and
sites of historical interest.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Cambodian Art: Stone Carving, Angkor Thom
Buddha faces, Angkor

Thom stone reliefs.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Indian Art: Ellora Caves
Ellora Caves in Maharashtra’ was

built by the Rashtrkuta king, Krishna I.
Situated in the south of the precinct,
these caves adorned with carves and
statues are estimated to have been
built during 600 to 730 CE.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

The invaluable ensemble of 34 caves at Ellora in the Charanandri hills

of western India’s Maharashtra State showcases a spirit of co-
existence and religious tolerance through the outstanding architectural
activities carried out by the followers of three prominent religions:
Buddhism, Brahmanism, and Jainism. The rock-cut activity was
carried out in three phases from the 6th century to the 12th century.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Excavation Phases:
Caves 1-12 between 500-800
centuries, Mahayana philosophy of
Buddhism.
Caves 13–29 between 700-1000
centuries, Brahmanism philosophy.
Caves 30-34 between 900-1200
Jainism philosophy.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Vietnamese Art:
Vietnam was invaded and subsequently ruled by the Chinese from 111
B.C. to 939 A.D. During 10 decades of imperialist rule, Vietnamese art
was influenced by Chinese techniques. Under Chinese rule, Vietnamese
artists began to practice calligraphy, painting, and poetry, and created
works out of porcelain, lacquer and terracotta. Poetry-inspired paintings
largely depicted landscapes, birds, and mountains, and usually
incorporated calligraphy, all hallmarks of ancient Chinese works.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Vietnamese Calligraphy:
“Thu Phap” is the rule of writing in

which artist’s can express their feeling
and inner voice for each character.
Influenced by Chinese the use of Hans
script in many of their writings across
dynasties from Ly Dynasty, Tang Dynasty,
Tran Dynasty, Song and Yuan.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art
Vietnamese Art: Woodblock Prints

Dong Ho Painting is a kind of Vietnamese folk painting originating in
Dong Ho Village in Song Ho Commune, Thuan Thanh District, Bac Ninh
Province. Dong Ho paintings have about 300 years of history in the north
of Vietnam. Dong Ho pictures are printed on a special kind of Dzo
paper. The printing paper is made of bark of a tree called “Dzo”. Artists
use pine leave brushes to coat Dzo paper with sea bivalve mollusk
powder to create a sparkling colorful background.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Dong Ho painting is considered a

fine reflection of traditional aesthetic
value, social philosophies, and
humanitarian desires. The traditional
themes of Dong Ho painting are
good luck signs, historical figures,
folk allegories, popular stories, and
social commentaries.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Dong Ho
Painting Technique:
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Popular Dong Ho Painting Patterns:
Mice’s Wedding Painting Eminence Painting Peacock painting

Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Nabataean Art: City of Cliffs
Nabataean is a member of an ancient Arabian people who from 312

BC formed an independent kingdom with its capital at Petra in Jordan.
The art of the Nabataeans of North Arabia were known for potted
painted ceramics, and dispersed among Greco-Roman world, as well as
sculpture and architecture. Nabataean Art is most well known
significantly for the archaeological sites in Petra, specifically
monuments such as Al Khazneh and Ad Deir.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

This 21st century engineering sense

of Al Kazneh in Petra was built
possibly as early as fifth century BCE
by the Nabataeans was discovered in
1812 by a Swiss explorer Johann
Ludwig Burckhardt. Later in 2007 it
was included in the list of the “New Petra's most famous icon,
Wonders of the World”. the Al Khazneh ('The Treasury')
tomb facade.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Another most prominent rock-cut facades within the Petra

Archaeological Park is the Palace Tomb synthetized with the
advanced set of skills and techniques that the Nabataeans deployed to
shape the unique monuments which was possibly built between the 1st
and the 2nd century AD.
Lesson 10
Asian Visual Art

Lesson 10
In a globally influenced, culturally diverse, and

technologically advancing world, art has been a
part of human’s progress for many centuries. It
has been used to express emotions, to
communicate ideas and it has been a way to pass
down knowledge from one generation to another
and what to expect in the future.
Lesson 10
Handout for
ART APPRECIATION (AGE6 00)
Lesson 9
Section 2
Arts in the Early and
Modern Civilizations
Lesson 9: The 21st Century Art

 Modernism Arts
 Postmodernism Arts
 Contemporary Arts
Lesson 9
Modernism
Lesson 9
Modernism
What Does Modernism Really Mean?
Modernism refers to a global movement in society and culture that from the
early decades of the twentieth century sought a new alignment with the
experience and values of modern or advance industrial life.
Building on late nineteenth-century precedent like artists, designers,

engineers, architects, scientists, scholars, researchers, medical practitioners
and inventors around the world used new imagery, materials and techniques
to create artworks that they felt better reflected the realities and hopes of
modern societies.
Lesson 9
Modernism in Art
Born on June 10, 1819and died on December 31, 1877,
French painter and active socialist Jean Désiré Gustave
Courbet led the Realism movement in 19th-century
French painting. Committed to only painting subjects in
its realistic state of beings. Picturing what he could see
and rejecting academic convention and the Romanticism
of the previous generation of masters in visual arts.
The terms “modernism” and “modernism in art” are generally used to

describe the succession of art movements that critics and historians have
identified since the realism of Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet in
the late 19th century, culminated in abstract art forms during its progress
in the 1960s and beyond.
Lesson 9
Modernism in Art
Gustave Courbet was the founding father of the politically-motivated
Realism movement, which revolutionized European painting. He paved
the way for the Impressionists and ultimately the birth of modern art.
Gustave Courbet is widely renowned as one of France's greatest painters
ever.
He experimented with novel compositional strategies and a revolutionary
painting technique which included the use of thick superimposed layers
of paint applied directly with a palette knife. This approach strongly
influenced Paul Cézanne (1839–1906), who began mimicking Courbet's
style in the 1860s.
Lesson 9
Modernism in Art
Paul Cézanne, a French artist and Post-

Impressionist painter whose work introduced
new modes of representation and influenced
avant-garde artistic movements of the early
20th century.
“The Card Player” 1890-1895

Lesson 9
Modernism Art
Courbet Controversy Art #1:
Public display of insanity according to his critics, “The Desperate Man”

1845 is a self oil-on-canvas autobiographical portrait depicting the artist
in a moment of personal and artistic crisis. The feeling when you have
lost almost all hope or ability to reach a goal.
Lesson 9
Modernism Art
German troops hastily loaded artworks from Dresden's galleries and

museums onto trucks including “The Stone Breakers” 1849. It was
destroyed, along with 153 other paintings, when a transport vehicle
moving the pictures to the Königstein Fortress, near Dresden, was
bombed by Allied forces during war. Rumors during that time that
almost all of the paintings destroyed has political subjects about slavery
and tyranny.
Lesson 9
Modernism Art
“A Burial at Ornans” 1850
A Burial at Ornans functions as a painting that raises the status of the

everyday citizen to that of a monarch or god leveling social class. For
those viewers in 1850, it was a bit more complicated in terms of
political, economic and social issues. Some critics focused on the
appearance of the mourners, calling them ugly caricatures, revolting,
and comical.
Lesson 9
Modernism Art
“The Bathers” is an oil-on-canvas painting by the

Courbet, first exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1853,
where it caused a major scandal. It was unanimously
attacked by art critics for the huge nude woman at its
centre and the sketchy landscape background, both
against official artistic canons. Later on artists who
followed him in experimentations dubbed him as the
father of modernism art.
Lesson 9
Modernism Art
Courbet’s artistic ability and innovations was

largely self-taught, following his own rigorous
and thorough schedule in order to learn how to
paint like the Old Masters of European art.
Courbet chose not to enroll in the Ecole des
Beaux-Arts or to learn to paint under any of
“Man with Pipe” 1848-1849
the great classical artists of the period.
Lesson 9
Modernism Art
Courbet’s Death:
Courbet died on December 31, 1877, the day before the first installment
was due. He was 58. The cause of death was edema, presumably the
result of his excessive drinking. He kept on his death bed some of his
favorite self portraits like “Man Mad with Fear” 1843 and “Man with the
Leather Belt” 1845.
Lesson 9
Notable
Modernism
Technique
Lesson 9
Modernism Era: Late 19th Century – 1970s

Some Notable Modernism Technique:
Symbolism Fauvism
Pointillism Futurism
De Stijl Constructivism
Lesson 9
Modernism Era: 1860 – 1970s

As opposed to Impressionism, in which the emphasis was
on the reality of the created paint surface itself,
Symbolism was both an artistic and a literary
movement that suggested ideas through symbols and
emphasized the meaning behind the forms, lines, shapes,
and colors. The works of some of its proponents
exemplify the ending of the tradition of representational
art coming from Classical times.
1882, ‘The Eye Like a Strange Balloon Mounts Toward Infinity”

Artist: Odilon Redon
Lesson 9

Pointillism/Stippling: A
revolutionary painting technique pioneered
by Georges Seurat and Paul Signac in
Paris in the mid-1880s. It was a reaction
against the prevailing movement of
Impressionism, which was based on the
subjective responses of individual artists.
PAUL SIGNAC, PORTRAIT OF FÉLIX FÉNÉON, 1890.

Lesson 9

De Stijl is a Dutch art

movement which founded in
1917 by Piet Mondrian and
Theo van Doesberg. These De
Stijl artists were known for
their Neoplasticist style: an
abstract use of geometric
shapes, specifically rectangles,
“Composition VIII (The Cow)”, 1918, ‘Red, Blue Chair’, 1923, and primary colors, along with
De Stijl, THEO VAN DOESBURG. De Stijl, Gerrit Rietveld, black and white.
Lesson 9

Fauvism: Matisse together with André

Derain first introduced Les Fauves‘ in the world
of fine art believed that color should be used at
its highest pitch to express the artist's feelings
about a subject, rather than simply to describe
what it looks like.
‘The Open Window, Collioure’, 1905,

Henri Matisse
Lesson 9

Futurism is a cursory glance, likened humans

to machines and vice versa in order to embrace
change, speed, and innovation in society while
discarding artistic and cultural forms and
traditions of the past.
Umberto Boccioni: “Unique Forms of Continuity in Space”
Sculpture, 1931
Lesson 9

Constructivism, a new art originated in Russia
which embraced theory that art should be “constructed”
from modern industrial materials such as plastic, steel,
and glass, etc in order to serve a societal purpose
instead of merely making an abstract statement.
Vladimir Tatlin: “Monument to the Third International”

1919, Installation Sculpture
Lesson 9
Postmodernism
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
Postmodernism gained ascendancy during the 1960s and it was a

reaction against modernism. Both was generally based on idealism
and a utopian vision of human life and society and a belief in
progress. It assumed that certain ultimate universal principles or
truths such as those formulated by religion or science could be used
to understand or explain reality.
Postmodernist artists however experimented with form, technique and

processes rather than focusing on subjects, thinking out of the box
believing they could find a way of purely reflecting the modern world.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
3 Characteristics of Postmodern Art
While dozens of art forms and styles fit under the banner of
postmodern art, they tend to share a few common characteristics.
1 Anti-authoritarianism: Postmodernism rejects the idea that

there is a right way to make art, and it blurs the lines between high
art and low art. Postmodern artists use imagery from popular culture,
creating art that commented on everyday mass media trends like
comic books, advertisements, and television.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art

2 Pluralism: Postmodern works of art explore complex notions about
subjective reality. In reaction to the idea that art should highlight an
objective truth. This pluralism art focuses on the artist’s unique
perspective. Postmodernism posits that individual experience and the
individual’s interpretation of that experience is more valuable than
abstract principles from science, religion, or politics.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
“Fountain” (1917)
3 Irony and pastiche: Inspired by earlier art forms like cubism,

surrealism, and Dada, postmodernism takes a humorous and skeptical
approach to making art. Similar to earlier works, like Marcel Duchamp’s
controversial readymade sculpture of a porcelain urinal called “Fountain”
(1917), postmodern art makes a spectacle of existing objects and ideas
within the culture.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
“Cadeau” 1921
Man Ray
Pastiche-means-composite fraud-means-Forging
The artists slash forger combines copies of various parts or the whole of
another artist’s work to form a new composition and adds a few connecting
elements of his own to make it a convincing presentation. The artists in this
type of indirect forgery faces challenges with audience approval.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
Meme
“Jollibee and Lolobee!”
Expecting Jollibee in a senior status.
Pastiche-means-composite fraud-means-Forging
The artists slash forger should know that the main purpose of using pastiche is
to celebrate great works of the past, or genres that a given show, movie, or
story does not actually belong to. When the forger and the audience share a
love for this other work, they can celebrate it together through a pastiche.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
5 Influential Postmodern Artists

Postmodern art encompasses a long list of significant artists, including:
1 Robert Rauschenberg: One of the first postmodern artists,

Rauschenberg was a painter, sculptor, and graphic artist who pushed
artistic boundaries. When Rauschenberg began working in the 1940s,
artists were dominating the art world with abstract expressionism.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
“White Painting (Three Panel)” This is a series of

modular canvases, painted entirely white, which
reflect changes in light and the chance effects of
shadows in the surrounding space. Rauschenberg
first made these conceptual works in 1951.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art

2 Andy Warhol: began his career as a magazine and advertising

illustrator and became a leading figure of the 1960s pop art scene in
New York City. Combining commercial techniques with avant-garde
sensibilities, he created paintings focused on mass produced goods and
label brandings. He created colorful portraits of celebrities like Marilyn
Monroe, and Elizabeth Taylor.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
Pop Art: Intended as a reaction to
preceding modern art movements,
contemporary art is thought to have begun
on the heels of Pop Art. Pioneered by
American artists like Andy Warhol and Roy
Lichtenstein. It is defined by an interest in
portraying mass culture and reimagining
commercial products as accessible art.
“Coca-Cola”, 1960s, Andy Warhol.

Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
“Shot Marilyns” is a series of silkscreen paintings

produced in 1964 by Andy Warhol, each canvas
measuring 40 inches square, and each a portrait of
Marilyn Monroe.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
“Flag” Wax Painting
3 Jasper Johns: Johns, who worked together with Robert

Rauschenberg, paved the way for neo-Dada art. In 1954, 24-year-old
Johns created a hot wax painting called Flag, a reproduction of the
American flag that was sold to the Museum of Modern Art. His innovative
artworks encouraged viewers to rethink their concept of art, setting the
stage for movements like pop art and minimalism.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art

Postmodern art encompasses a long list of
significant artists, including:
“Target with Four Faces” exemplifies Jasper Johns’

exploration of the new possibilities for painting.
Playing with subject matter, symbolism and different
techniques, Johns was able to create this engaging,
unsettling and thought provoking composition.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art

4 Roy Lichtenstein: Born in New York City, Lichtenstein was one of

the most influential and controversial postmodern artists of the 1960s.
Many of his paintings were sourced from comic books and
advertisements, like Popeye (1961). Lichtenstein used Ben-Day dots—a
technique and his work was in direct opposition to the abstract paintings
from artists that preceded him, like Mark Rothko and Willem de Kooning.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
Roy Lichtenstein became famous for his bright and bold

paintings of comic strip cartoons as well as his paintings
“Popeye” 1961
of everyday objects. He was one of a group of artists
making art in the 1960s who were called pop artists
because they made art about 'popular' things such as TV,
celebrities, fast food, pop music and cartoons.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
“Balloon Dog” (1994)
5 Jeff Koons: In the 1980s, Koons gained recognition as an innovative

sculptor of iconic artworks like “Michael Jackson and Bubbles” (1988)
and Rabbit (1986), which broke auction records for the most expensive
artwork when it sold for $91.1 million in 2019. Inspired by the ready-
mades of previous artists like Duchamp and Warhol.
Lesson 9
Postmodernism Art
“Michael Jackson and Bubbles” 1988
Jeff Koons has stated that his works of art should reach the largest possible
audience. For this purpose he sought inspiration in entertainment media, pop
culture and Christian art. The depiction of a media effective person like Michael
Jackson might have helped him to achieve this aim.
Lesson 9
The Concept of
Contemporary Art
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Contemporary Art initially grew along with Modernism until young artists
became more experimental which gave birth to Contemporary Art and
coined as “the art of today.” Contemporary art more broadly includes
artwork produced during the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
From a simple society to a limited patronage in 1910, Roger Fry an
English painter and his colleagues founded the Contemporary Art
Society. Through the 1930’s more institutions were founded and scholars
in that field did not expect that the contemporary style continues to
progress and gave birth to the wide variety of approaches and
outcomes.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Con temporary
Medieval Latin tempus / tempor
which means which means
“together with” “time”
So Contemporary Art is…
…experimental approaches and styles according to the changing time in
the context of artist’s creative thoughts about human experiences in the
present pressing social, political and moral challenges in creating art.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Characteristics: The most prominent feature of contemporary art is

the fact that it has no distinct feature or a single characteristic. It is
defined by the artist's ability to innovate with freedom and bring out a
modern masterpiece.
Function: Contemporary art provides the artists opportunities to reflect

on society and the issues that are important to society and the world. It
is part of a cultural dialogue that concerns larger contextual frameworks
such as identity, family, community, and nationality.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Venus de Milo, Classical Statue
by Alexandros of Antioch, 150-125BC
Contemporary art is a catch-all term for all art

that has come after the Second World War. As
such, it encompasses many themes and styles, Artist Lawrence Argent from
and takes us up to the present day. Diversity Colorado interpreted the classic
and challenging nature, contemporary Art Venus de Milo sculpture in
contemporary impressionism and
offers works with a dynamic combination of now reigns as the centerpiece of
materials, methods, concepts and subjects that Piazza Angelo. At 28 meters, she
challenge the traditional and defy easy and is called “Venus” now the tallest
sculpture in San Francisco.
simple definition.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Poised to be the newest tourist
destination and cultural landmark in the
Philippines, "The Victor" is a towering
art installation that captures the
indomitable spirit of the Filipino people a
testament to the resilience and
determination of the Filipino people.
"The Victor“, 2023 by Fil-Am artist Jefrё

Manuel-Figueras commissioned by
Bridgetowne Robinsons Land Corp.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
"The Victor“, 2023 is a type of Public

Installation Art in Sculpture
The Victor stands at a staggering height of 60 meters surpassing the

height of the iconic Statue of Liberty, which measures only 46 meters
from heel to torch. The sculpture embodies the essence of Filipino
artistry, creativity, and innovation, a seamless blend of art, architecture,
and engineering, and ingenuity.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
‘Floor Hamburger’, 1962,

Claes Oldenburg
How a True Contemporary Artists Think?

“It seemed perfectly natural to me that if you like to touch things,
you like to touch soft things as well as hard things. If you're
going to make sculpture out of real things around you, then why
not try to make them soft so that you could push them around,
and they'll change shape.” - Oldenburg
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Style of Contemporary Art
Artists of the past were often influenced by religion,
mythology, and the demands of their paying patrons.
Today’s artists are more focused on their:
• own personal expressions
• own personal interests
• self reflection affecting culture,
• current political climates and “The Scream” 1893
• popular trends. Edward Munch
• Experimental tools and materials
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Based on your own feeling (without asking kuya

Google) Express your interpretation knowing only
the title of the artwork, date created and the artist.
Today’s artists are more focused on their:
• own personal expressions
• own personal interests “Noviembre 6 y 7”
• self reflection affecting culture, Doris Salcedo,
• current political climates and 2002
• popular trends.
Installation Art
• Experimental tools and materials
Lesson 9
What is the style of Contemporary Art?
When do you consider an art as Contemporary aside from identifying

first its period of creation?
Its most of the time experimental in terms of:
• Style, method and technique (self-taught artist)

• Individual choice of media to use
• Wide array of concepts, themes and subjects to portray
• Wide array of tools and materials to use including digital media
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Unlike other schools of art, this school of art has no single point of
view of objective. Instead, it is multi-faceted. The pieces are often
reflective of the artist and so reflect a great diversity of perspectives.
This makes Contemporary Art a diversity and complex examination
of present-day life.
Themes that varies along the passage of time according to:
identity global culture

body migration memory
technology society critics
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
6 Influential Contemporary Artists
1 A key figure on the international art scene,

Japanese artist Takashi Murakami is known for
creating stunningly colorful floral art, inspired by
Japan’s vibrant manga scene. Often considered
Andy Warhol‘s successor, he is associated with the
Japanese Neo-Pop Art movement. However, his
work remains highly individualized, and he refuses We are the Square Jocular
to be confined to a single art style. Clan (Series), 2018
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Fulcrum 1999
2 British painter Jenny Saville recently became the world’s most

expensive female artist after her painting titled Propelled sold for $12.4
million at a Sotheby’s auction. Her visual treatment of bodies, nude and
voluptuous, displays her impressive technical prowess, and her handling
of form is comparable to sculptors.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Garden, 2015
3 The world’s most expensive living artist, British painter David

Hockney, He is being regarded as an important contributor to the pop
art movement of the 1960s and considered one of the most influential
British artists of the 20th century and an omnipresent figure in
contemporary art. Aside from being a painter he is also a draftsman,
printmaker, stage designer, and photographer.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
4 Artist Ai Weiwei, a crucial figure of the

independent Chinese artistic scene and a perfect
example of what a socially engaged artist ought to
be. Involved in the fight for human’s rights while
openly opposed to the Chinese government, Ai
Weiwei succeeds in reaching a wide audience with
his installation artwork. Art Review magazine has
ranked him as one of the most influential
contemporary artists. Forever Bicycles, 2011
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Installation Art: This striking art piece

were created in order to pay homage to the
child victims of an earthquake that took
place in the Sichuan province in 2008. The
large scale art is composed of 9,000 students
backpacks served as canvas. The Chinese
artist Ai Weiwei created this striking piece in
order to pay homage to the child victims of
an earthquake that took place in the Sichuan
province in 2008.
‘Remembering’, 2009, Ai Weiwei.

Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
5 French sculptor Jean-Michel Othoniel

is known by many as the “glass virtuoso.” His
colorful aerial installations are exhibited
everywhere from the royal gardens at
Versailles to the Palais Royal metro station in
Paris. Suspended in the air, Othoniel’s
installation in the Water
masterful creations delight any viewer’s eye. Theatre’s Bosquet,
Versailles, 2015
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
“Infinity Mirrored Room” 1965
Yayoi Kusama
The famous Japanese artist Yayoi Kusama has

taken the art market by storm with her signature
dots since the 1960s. Her art is all the more
fascinating as it is the product of a rare mental
condition ‘hallucinatory visions’ the artist has
experienced since her childhood. For Kusama, art
is a form of important catharsis.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Today at 94, Kusama’s known best for her

“Infinity Rooms” of large-scale enclosed
environments that have become Instagram
fodder, with their endless reflections of
reflections, polka-dotted surfaces, and
glittering lights luring droves of people in
search of selfies, transcendence, and more.
“installation in the Water Theatre’s
Bosquet”, Versailles, 2015
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
‘Untitled #153’ is a color photograph made by American
visual artist Cindy Sherman in 1985. In 2010, a print
was auctioned for $2.7 million, making it one of the
most expensive photographs ever sold at that time.
At present, Contemporary Art is the undisputed art

brand of our era in all professional contexts and
enjoys widespread resonance in public media and
popular speech. Yet, its valiance for any of the usual
art-critical and historical purposes remains contested
and uncertain. One thing is for sure, Contemporary
may be defined as the “Art of Today and beyond”.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Other Contemporary Art Style:
Pop Art, Word Art, Conceptualism, Performance, Fluxus Movement, Installation, Video
Installations, Minimalism, Photo-Realist Art (Hyperrealism), Earthworks (Land or
Environmental Art), Contemporary Photography), Arte Povera., Supports-Surfaces,
Contemporary Realism, Post-Minimalism, Feminist Art, New Subjectivity, London School,
Graffiti Art, Neo-Expressionist Art, Transavanguardia (Trans-avant-garde), Britart
(Young British Artists), Deconstructivist Design, Body Art, Chinese Cynical Realism,
Neo-Pop, Stuckism, New Leipzig School, Projection Art (21st Century) and Computer
Art, Advance Artworks; Encaustic Painting, Letras Y figuras, Miniaturismo, Panel
Painting, Tapestry, Drawing and Animation, Installation Art, Earth Art, Street Art and
Digital Architecture, Digital Design, Performance Art, … … …
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
On the Spot
Comparison
‘American Gothic’ ‘Death of Hyacinthus’

1930, Modernism 2008, Postmodernism
Impressionism Impressionism
Painting by Painting by Kent
Grant Wood Monkman
While Modernism was based on idealism and reason,

Postmodernism was born of skepticism and a suspicion of
reason leaded to the birth of Contemporary Art. It challenged
the notion that there are universal certainties or truths.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Similarities and difference between modern art and
contemporary art.
• Modern and Contemporary • Modern Art is an

Art can both be considered expression of
revolutionary expression, individuality, while
but Contemporary Art is Contemporary Art
more about focuses on social
experimentation and impact, with society
freedom. as the primary focus.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Examine closely the Similarities and difference
between modern art and contemporary art.
On the Spot
Comparison
‘Weeping Woman’ 1937 ‘Weeping Girl’ 2015, Banksy,

Pablo Picasso, Modernist Graffiti, Contemporary
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Examine closely the two art photos depicting mother and child as to why
and how they can be both modern and contemporary at the same time.
Impressionism Abstraction
MODERN POST-MODERN
Postmodernism refers to a reaction

Modernism was in general associated against ideal concept. An approach
with ideal visions of human life and and attitude toward art, culture, and
society and a belief in progress. society affecting life.
Lesson 9
The 21 st Century Art

Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Installation Art:
Standing at a height of 30 meters in the shape of a spider, ‘Maman’
is an iconic sculptural artwork by Louise Bourgeois, 1999-2002. Various
versions of the piece exist, created using a diverse range of materials.
Built for an exhibition at the Tate Modern, it pays homage to Bourgeois‘
mother, who died suddenly when the artist was just 21.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Installation Art: In 1990s

museums began to regularly
install monumental scale
artworks indoors for exhibition
attracting more art enthusiasts.
“The Weather Project”, 2003.

Olafur Eliasson
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Performance Art: Abramović sitting
silent and still in a chair across from
another chair in which anyone could sit
silently, one at a time for however long
they wanted at the Museum of Modern Art
in New York. She sat for the entire run of
her 2010 retrospective, which added up to
736 hours and 30 minutes.
‘The Artist is Present’, 2010,

Performing art, Marina Abramovic
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Mixed-media Art: Jardim Gramacho, a
321-acre plot of land on the northern edge of Rio
de Janeiro, was the world’s largest garbage dump
until it closed in 2012. Between 2007 and 2010,
the Jardim became a kind of studio for Brazilian-
born, New York- and Rio-based artist Muniz.
‘Marat (Sebastião)’, 2008.

Mixed Media and Appropriated Art by Vik Muniz
The Death of Marat originally is a 1793 painting by Jacques-Louis David depicting the artist's
friend and murdered French revolutionary leader, Jean-Paul Marat.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
The Death of Marat, 1793 painting by Jacques-Louis David depicting the artist's friend and
murdered French revolutionary leader, Jean-Paul Marat.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Shadow Art: Kumi is best known for her light
and shadow sculptures constructed from
everyday objects. She first starts with
photographing real models to begin
understanding the different poses she works
with. She expresses the importance of
shadow manipulation and outline.
KUMI YAMASHITA, 2000

Shadow Artist.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Street Art: This iconic street artist

first appeared on Waterloo Bridge in
London. This work has been
repeated many times in support of
various political campaigns, notably
the Syrian refugee crisis in 2014.
‘Girl with Balloon’, 2002, Bansky

Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Street Art: This art piece from Pilipinas

Street Plan, or PSP for short, is the
result of the artists banding together to
form a community that has not only taken
their art to the streets to some key cities
(Manila, Laguna, Cavite, Cebu, Tacloban,
and even Dubai) but brought the
conversation about street art to a wider
audience. Nemo Aguila, one of the core
members of PSP, shares shared this
exhibition photo, 2017.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Photo Realism 2020: John Jeff Camasis. Pandemic Artist

Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Earth Art: also known as ‘land art’ or

‘earthwork’ is an artistic movement emerged in
America during the 1960s when a number of
sculptors and painters such as Robert Smithson
determined to heighten public awareness of
Man's relationship with the natural world by
intervening in the landscape in a series of
thought-provoking constructions.
‘Spiral Jetty’, 1970,

Robert Smithson
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Street Art: As one of the most recent

contemporary art movements, street art is a
genre that gained prominence with the rise of
graffiti in the 1980s. Often rooted in social
activism, street art includes murals,
installations, stenciled images, and stickers
erected in public spaces. Key street artists
include Jean-Michel Basquiat and Keith Haring.
“The Pisa's Mural’, 1989,

Keith Haring.
Lesson 9
Contemporary Art
Photo Realism: or ‘hyperrealism’ primary

goal of a photorealist was to capture the
essence of the photo on canvas. To do so,
the artist would develop the photo, transfer
it to a canvas for painting, and bring it back
to life using a different medium.
‘Mark’, 1977, Chuck Close.

Lesson 9
One of the benefits of Contemporary Art is that it allows individuals a

means of personal expression. Through painting, sculpture, and
performance art, anyone can express themselves in a way that will be
safely observable for others. Likewise, the perspectives that are
expressed are valuable for society because it gives a unique window
into the minds and thoughts of the artist.
By selecting art pieces that appeal personally, a person can exercise

their own choice and express elements of their own mind and thoughts,
even if they have no personal artistic talent or interest in making art.
Others can quickly gain an understanding based on the artistic choices.
Lesson 7

Handout For Art Appreciation (Age6 00)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Handout For Art Appreciation (Age6 00)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Handout For Art Appreciation (Age6 00)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Handout for

ART APPRECIATION (AGE6 00)

Lesson 10: The Asian Art

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

Functions: Asian art primarily serves religious function. Building

Asian Visual Art

Influence: The history of Asian painting is as old as the civilization

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

1 Wu Daozi, 680-759 CE – a famous painter in the Tang

Dynasty (618 - 907AD), was honored as a painting saint . He

Asian Visual Art

Wu-Daozi painted a landscape to decorate the palace

Wu Daozi (680 – c. 760), also known as Daoxuan, was a Chinese

Asian Visual Art

2 Zhu Da, 1626-1705 CE – Zhu Da,

“Mountain Man of the Eight Greats” 1626–1705 CE

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

“Enigmas” The Art of “Flower in Jar”, 1689

Asian Visual Art

3 Zhao Menfu 1254-1322 CE – was the

Zhau Menfu self portrait

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

Large Scroll Mural Paintings - Chinese large paintings, which

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

Folding Canvas for

Palace of Nine Perfections (1691) by Yuan Jiang

Asian Visual Art

Ancient Chinese Architecture were notable for this description:

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

The Forbidden City formerly known as

Asian Visual Art

The Great Wall is the world's longest

Asian Visual Art

Pagodas are actually native to India. These

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

The Terracotta Army history dates

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art Buddha means

Japanese Art: Chinese Influence

Asian Visual Art

Japanese Art: Pottery

Asian Visual Art

Japanese Art: Pottery

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

Asian Visual Art

Japanese Art: Ukiyo-e

Asian Visual Art 1675-80

Japanese Art: Ukiyo-e

Asian Visual Art