Abstract Keyword in Java - GeeksforGeeks
Abstract Keyword in Java - GeeksforGeeks
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its subclasses. Subclasses can access these variables directly, just like any
other instance variables.
Abstract classes can implement interfaces: Abstract classes can
implement interfaces, which define a set of methods that must be
implemented by any class that implements the interface. In this case, the
abstract class must provide concrete implementations of all methods
defined in the interface.
Overall, the abstract keyword is a powerful tool for defining abstract classes
and methods in Java. By declaring a class or method as abstract, developers
can provide a structure for subclassing and ensure that certain methods are
implemented in a consistent way across all subclasses.
AD
As you can see, no method body is present. Any concrete class(i.e. Normal
class) that extends an abstract class must override all the abstract methods of
the class.
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Any class that contains one or more abstract methods must also be declared
abstract
The following are various illegal combinations of other modifiers for
methods with respect to abstract modifiers:
1. final
2. abstract native
3. abstract synchronized
4. abstract static
5. abstract private
6. abstract strict
Example 1:
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Java
// Parent Class
abstract class gfg {
abstract void printInfo();
}
// Child Class
class employee extends gfg {
void printInfo()
{
String name = "aakanksha";
int age = 21;
float salary = 55552.2F;
System.out.println(name);
System.out.println(age);
System.out.println(salary);
}
}
// Driver Class
class base {
// main function
public static void main(String args[])
{
// object created
gfg s = new employee();
s.printInfo();
}
}
Output
aakanksha
21
55552.2
Example 2:
Java
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// concrete class B
class B extends A {
// class B must override m1() method
// otherwise, compile-time exception will be thrown
void m1()
{
System.out.println("B's implementation of m1.");
}
}
// Driver class
public class AbstractDemo {
// main function
public static void main(String args[])
{
B b = new B();
b.m1();
b.m2();
}
}
Output
Example 3:
Java
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Output
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abstract classes depend upon their child classes for complete implementation.
In cases of methods, final is used to prevent overriding whereas abstract
methods need to be overridden in sub-classes.
To know more about the difference between them refer to Difference between
Final and Abstract in Java article.
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