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Tutorial Chapter 3

This document discusses solving ordinary differential equations using Laplace transforms. It begins by showing properties of the Laplace transform. It then asks the reader to take the Laplace transform of various functions. Next, it has the reader find the inverse Laplace transform of other functions. It also covers using Laplace transforms to solve initial and boundary value problems of differential equations.

Uploaded by

Ting Wee Kiet
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
116 views

Tutorial Chapter 3

This document discusses solving ordinary differential equations using Laplace transforms. It begins by showing properties of the Laplace transform. It then asks the reader to take the Laplace transform of various functions. Next, it has the reader find the inverse Laplace transform of other functions. It also covers using Laplace transforms to solve initial and boundary value problems of differential equations.

Uploaded by

Ting Wee Kiet
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BUM2133 ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

TUTORIAL 3: The Laplace Transform




1. Show from the definition of the Laplace transform that
(a) { }
2
1
2
+
=

s
e L
t
(b) { }
2 2
sin
a s
a
at L
+
=

2. Determine the Laplace transforms of the following functions.
(a) t t 6 5
3
+ (b)
3
) 1 ( + t
(c) t t 3 cos 7 4 sin 2 (d) at
2
cos
(e)
2
) cos (sin t t (f)
5 2
3 t t +
(g) t t 8 sin 8 cos (h) t e
t
4 sin 2
4

(i) t t cos
2
(j)
4 3
t e
t

(k) t e te t
t t
cos
4 3
+ (l) t e t e
t t
5 sin 2 3 cos 7
7 2


3. Find the Laplace transforms of the following functions.
(a)
at
te (b) t e
t
|
o
sin
(c) t e t t
t
3 sin 2 3
2
(d) t t t e
t
5 sin
2 3 2
+
(e)
t t
e t t e
2 2 2
3 cos

(f) t e e t
t t
7 cos
4 5

(g) t e te t
t t
cos
4 3
+ (h) t t 6 sin

4. Find the Laplace transform for the following function.
(a) { } ) 1 ( ] 6 ) 1 ( ) 1 [(
3
+ + t H t t L
(b) { } ) 3 ( ) 1 3 2 (
2
+ t H t t L
(c) { } ) 3 (

t H e L
t

(d) { } ) 2 ( ) 2 cos( t t t H t L

5. Find the inverse Laplace transform of
(a)
3
4
s
(b)
6
3
+ s

(c)
16
3
2
s
(d)
4
2
s
s

(e)
4
2 3
2
+
+
s
s
(f)
9
3 7
2

+
s
s

(g)
3
5
+ s
(h)
8 2
3
s

(i)
4 ) 1 (
6
2
+ + s
(j)
16 ) 3 (
1
2
+ +
+
s
s

(k)
2
1 2
+
+
s s
(l)
9
6
6
5
2
+

s
s
s

(m)
9
2
2
+
+
s
s
(n)
4
5 2
2

+
s
s


6. Find the inverse Laplace transform of
(a)
4
2
) 1 ( s
s
(b)
1 4 4
5 3
2
+ +

s s
s

(c)
5 4
13 8
2
+
+
s s
s
(d)
16 8 2
3 2
2
+

s s
s

(e)
16 ) 6 (
3
2
+ + s
(f)
5 4
1
2
+ + s s

(g)
1 ) 3 (
2
+ + s
s
(h)
1 2
6
2
+ +

s s
s







7. By using the second shift theorem, find the inverse Laplace transform of
(a)
2
2
s
e
s
(b)
3
4
) 2 ( +

s
e
s

(c)
4
2
+

s
se
s t
(d)
13 6
) 3 (
2
2
1
+
+

s s
e s
s t


8. Express the following expressions as partial fractions. Hence find their inverse
Laplace transforms.
(a)
) 1 (
1
s s
(b)
) 1 )( 1 (
1 2
2
2
+ +
+ +
s s
s s

(c)
) 4 )( 1 (
2 2
+ + s s
s
(d)
2 3
3
) 1 (
3 6 5
+

s s
s s

(e)
) 2 ( ) 1 (
6 3
2
2
+
+
s s
s
(f)
) 5 4 )( 2 (
3
2
+ + + s s s

(g)
) 2 2 )( 2 2 (
2 2
+ + + s s s s
s
(h)
) 2 2 ( ) 2 (
10 8
2 2
+ + +
+
s s s
s

(i)
) 3 )( 2 )( 1 (
26 23 5
2

+
s s s
s s
(k)
) 10 2 )( 2 (
1
2
+

s s s
s


9. Use the convolution theorem to determine the inverse Laplace transforms of
(a)
) 3 (
1
+ s s
(b)
) 2 (
4
2
s s

(c)
) 2 )( 3 (
1
+ s s
(d)
2 2 2
) ( a s
s
+

(e)
) 4 )( 1 (
2
+ s s
s
(f)
) 1 (
2
2 3
+ s s


10. Solve the following differential equations using Laplace transforms.
(a) 0 ) 0 ( = = + '

y e y y
t

(b) 1 ) 0 ( 2
2
= = + ' y t y y
(c)
2 1 2
2 2 ) 1 ( e

= = + ' e e y t y y
t

(d) 0 ) 0 ( cost = = ' y y y
(e) 1 ) 0 ( e
2
= = + '

y t y y
t


11. Solve the following differential equations using Laplace transforms.
(a) 1 ) 0 ( , 2 ) 0 ( 3 2
2
2
= ' = = + y y t y
dx
dy
dx
y d

(b) 0 ) 0 ( , 0 ) 0 ( sin 2
2
2
= ' = = y y t y
dx
dy
dx
y d

(c) 5 ) 0 ( , 0 ) 0 ( 4 4
2
2
2
= ' = = y y e y
dx
y d
t

(d) 2 ) 0 ( , 5 ) 0 ( 15 4
2
2
= ' = = + y y e y
dx
y d
t



12. Using Laplace Transform methods solve for 0 > t the following simultaneous
differential equations, subject to the given initial conditions. (Readers are encouraged
to check their solution using an appropriate software package).

(a)
t
e y
dt
dy
dt
dx
2
9 2 2

=
0 37 4 4 2 = + + y x
dt
dy
dt
dx

subject to 0 = x and
4
1
= y at 0 = t

(b) t y x
dt
dy
dt
dx
sin 5 2 = + +

t
e y x
dt
dy
dt
dx
= + + 3 2
subject to 0 = x and 0 = y at 0 = t

(c) x y
dt
x d
2
2
2
=
y x
dt
y d
2
2
2
=
subject to 4 = x , 2 = y , 0 =
dt
dx
and 0 =
dt
dy
at 0 = t

(d) 0 6 12 5
2
2
2
2
= + + x
dt
y d
dt
x d

0 6 16 5
2
2
2
2
= + + y
dt
y d
dt
x d

subject to
4
7
= x , 1 = y , 0 =
dt
dx
and 0 =
dt
dy
at 0 = t

(e) x y
dt
dy
dt
dx
dt
y d
dt
x d
9 3 2
2
2
2
2
=
x y
dt
dy
dt
dx
dt
y d
dt
x d
7 5 2
2
2
2
2
= + +
subject to 1 = =
dt
dx
x and 0 = =
dt
dy
y at 0 = t

Answer for Question 12
( )
(

+ =
=
t t t
t t
e e e t x
e e t y a
4
11
4
15
4
1
) (
8
1
8
3
) ( 12
3 2
3

( )
t t
t t
e t t e t x
t e e t y b
+ + =
+ =
sin 5 3 cos 5 ) (
sin 5 3 2 ) ( 12
2
2

( )
t t t x
t t t y c
3 cos cos 3 ) (
3 cos cos 3 ) ( 12
+ =
=

( )
t t t x
t t t y d
10
3
cos
8
3
6 cos
2
3
) (
10
3
cos
4
5
6 cos
4
1
) ( 12
=
+ =

( )
t
t
e t t t x
e t t t y e
3
1
2 sin
3
1
2 cos
3
2
) (
3
2
2 sin
3
1
2 cos
3
2
) ( 12
+ + =
+ =

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