CHAPTER ONE

1.1 ABOUT SIWES

The Student Industrial Work Experience scheme (SIWES), also known as Industrial Training is a

compulsory skill training programme designed to expose and prepare students of Nigeria

Universities, Polytechnics, college of Education, College of Agriculture and College of

Technology, for the industrial work situation they are likely to meet after graduation.

SIWES introduction, initiation and design was done by the Industrial Training Fund in 1993 to

acquaint students with the skills of handling employer’s equipment and machinery.

The Industrial Training Fund solely funded the scheme during its formative years. However, due

to financial constraints, the fund withdrew the scheme in 1978.

1.2 BRIEF HISTORY OF SIWES

The student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) was established in 1973/1974 session

by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF). Prior to the establishment of this scheme, there was a

growing concern among our industrialists that graduates of our institutions of higher learning

lacked adequate practices background studies preparatory to employment in the industries. It is

against this background that the aim of initiating and designing the scheme was hinged.

Consequently, the scheme affords students the opportunity of familiarizing and exposing

themselves, to the needed experience in handling equipment and machinery that are usually not

available in the institutions.

The ITF solely funded the scheme during its formative years. It withdraws from the scheme in

1978 due to the financial problem. The federal government handed the scheme in 1979 to both

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the National University Commission (NUC) and the National Board of Technical Education

(NBTE). Later, in November 1984, the federal government changed the management and

implementation of the scheme to ITF and it was effectively taken over by the Industrial Training

Fund (ITF) in July 1985 with the funding being solely borne by the federal government.

1.3 Aims and Objectives of SIWES

• To expose student to practical experience and occupation of skills

• To enhance student to know more about their field of study

• To enhance student to working class status empowerment

• To increase scope of students in the labour market

• To help the student on how to operate laboratory equipment

• To exist and strengthens employer involvement in the entire education process of

preparing student for employment in the industries

1.4 Roles of SIWES

• It expose student to practical of work done in school

• It helps the student in operating laboratory equipment

• It helps student to work on their own(empowerment)

• It prepared for the labour market

• It makes student to become or give them area of specialization

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1.5 History of Industrial Training Fund (ITF)

It was established in 1971. It has operated consistently and painstaking within the context of the

enabling laws decree 47 of 1971 as amended in the 2011 ITF act. the objectives for which the

fund was established has been pursued vigorously and efficiently in the four year decade of its

existence, the ITF has not only raised training conscious in the economy, but has also helped in

generality a crops of skilled indigenous manpower which has been managing and managing

various sectors of the national economy.

Over the years pursuant to the statutory responsibility, ITF has expanded its structure developed

training program and reviewed, operation and services in order to meet the expanding changing

demand for skilled manpower in the economy. The ITF is responsible for the implementation of

SIWES with their finding by federal government.

1.6 The Functions of ITF

• Supervise student on industrial attachment

• Provide insurance cover for student prior their attachment

• Disburse supervision and student allowance

• Organize biennial SIWES national conference and SIWES review meeting.

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 CHAPTER TWO

.HISTORY OF JEREMIAH NIG. ENTERPRISES

2.1 Organization Background

Jeremiah Nig. Enterprises workshop is a workshop that is fully into repairing of generator

engines, servicing and other parts and also training people on how to make use of the mechanical

ideas in the field.

Jeremiah Nig. Enterprises is located at No. 12, Igbalaye Street Alekuwodo, Osogbo, Osun State,

Nigeria. The operation and organization of Jeremiah Nig. Enterprises Workshop is totally based

on maintenance and repair of generator engines, servicing, and any general maintenance of

Vehicles. The company was established in the year 2014. The company is well equipped with

mechanic tools.

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2.2 Organization chart

MANAGER

TECHNOLOGIST INSTRUCTOR

INDUSTRIAL
STUDENT

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 CHAPTER THREE

SERVICING OF GENERATOR

A gas or diesel generator isn’t a “set it and forget it” type of device. It pays to conduct a visual

inspection of the generator before every use, and create a maintenance schedule that includes

weekly, monthly, and annual checkups.

A regular maintenance schedule is crucial to avoid breakdowns and prolong the life of your gas

or diesel generator.

A generator maintenance checklist helps you prioritize which parts to check and when to check

them, so you can keep the generator running properly when you need it most.

Without preventive maintenance, generators are susceptible to fuel problems, which can cause

breakdowns and even ruin a generator eventually. Running a gas or diesel generator regularly is

an important part of maintenance, just as it’s important to take your car for a spin at least once a

week, even just around the block.

3.2 Parts of generator

1. An engine or motor

An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into

mechanical energy. Available energy sources include potential energy, heat energy, chemical

energy, electric potential and nuclear energy. The engine is the workhorse of the generator.

Generator engines are typically powered by either diesel or natural gas. The fuel turns the

engine.

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 GENERATOR ENGINE

2. ALTERNATOR

The alternator consists of two parts, namely the stator and the rotor. The stator consists of a set of

electrical conductors wound around an iron core.

Also called the generator end, the alternator turns mechanical energy into electricity. This

process begins as the engine burns fuel and transmits it to the alternator. The alternator houses

two major components that allow the generator to effectively and efficiently produce energy: the

stator and rotor.

The stator is a stationary component that contains a set of electrical conductors that are coils

wound together housing an iron core.

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The rotor (Armature) is a moving component that produces a magnetic force that cause electrons

to move and produces electricity.

ALTERNATOR

3. VOLTAGE REGULATORS

Automatic voltage regulators (AVRs) are automatic devices in generators that help keep voltage

levels constant. As an essential component of generators, they work to stabilize the output

voltage by preventing fluctuating voltage levels and sustaining the alternating current within the

right voltage level range.

These regulators are an important part of the generator because they help the machine meet your

commercial power needs and your equipment’s power requirements. If the generator does not

maintain its allowed voltage at a constant rate, this negatively impacts both generator

performance and the function of any equipment powered by the generator.

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 VOLTAGE REGULATOR

4. COOLING AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS

Constant generator use causes working parts to heat up. A cooling system is a fixed part of any

generator to regulate its temperature and prevent overheating. Most generators have either an air-

or liquid-cooled system to regulate their internal heat.

Air-cooling generator systems rely on air circulation to bring the generator’s temperature down

by drawing in air from the atmosphere and blowing it internally across the generator. One benefit

of this type of cooling system is that it does not require a cooling water pump or any connection

hoses. It also requires less maintenance because of the simplicity of an air-based system.

However, air-cooled generators can overheat if used for a long period, which can cause them to

fail or create irreparable damage.

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 EXHAUST SYSTEMS

5. LUBRICATION SYSTEM

Similar to any other machine with moving parts, generators rely on gears and levers, and these

moving parts often generate friction. To ensure these parts can move with ease, generators

require lubricant. Lubricant is a fluid or oil formulated to separate a generator’s internal

components.

Regarding generators and their engines, lubricant has four primary purposes. The first is that it

creates a film separation between the engine’s moving parts to prevent metal-to-metal contact. It

also creates an oil film that forms a gas-tight seal between the piston rings and cylinder. Further,

lubricant works to remove heat generated by the engine. Lastly, it helps keep the engine’s

internal surface clean.

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 LUBRICATION SYSTEM

7. BATTERY

Batteries are a crucial part of a generator because they provide the power the machine needs to

start during a power outage. When the power is out and you need a generator, there is no other

energy source the machine can use except the battery. Specifically, the batteries power the

engine starter and control panels. Some generators even have a secondary battery in case the

primary one fails.

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 BATTERY

3.3 Preventive Generator Maintenance Checklist

Power generators have a lot of moving parts, from the control panel (the brains of the generator)

to the battery and cables. Here are a few tasks you’ll want to consider for a preventive generator

maintenance checklist.

Maintenance with each use General inspection:

 Test batteries

 Check intake and exhaust

 Manual start

 Engine exercise

 Adjustments

 Maintenance as needed

 Repairs

 Replace filters

 Lubrication

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  Cleaning

 Cooling system servicing

 Fuel system servicing

3.3.1 Weekly Generator Maintenance Checklist

During any inspection, whether weekly, monthly, or annually, begin by looking for oil leaks or

other signs of wear. It’s also important to keep your generator clean by removing dirt and debris,

and making sure no rodents, birds, or harmful insects have infiltrated the enclosed unit (if there is

one).

During weekly maintenance, you should:

 Do a visual inspection

 Run the generator

 Check fluid levels

 Check for leaks

 Check auto mode

To exercise the generator, check the fuel level and start the motor, then leave it running for 30

minutes or so to make sure it’s working properly.

Once you’ve started the generator, check the exhaust system. Examine the muffler, manifold,

and exhaust pipe for leaks, and be sure the pipes aren’t overheating any nearby components. Be

sure the engine is purring; look and listen for signs of a misfire, such as vibrations, smoke, or

power fluctuations.

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3.3.2 Monthly Generator Maintenance Checklist

Inspect battery cables and electrolyte levels monthly. Remove the plastic tops from the

cell ports and use a toothbrush and baking soda to clean away corrosion or dirt.

Check engine coolant and oil levels (the oil should be close to full without overflowing),

and look for signs of leaks in the oil or coolant lines. Also check the coolant concentration: It

should be roughly half purified water and half antifreeze. If you live where freezing is a risk, the

antifreeze level can be as high as 60% (but no higher).

Use a load bank to conduct a load test monthly for at least 1 hour to make sure everything

is in running order. You should also do an electrolyte specific gravity test or electrical

conductance test at this time.

3.4 Steps Taken On a Monthly Basis

 Cleaning of generator

 Cleaning of surrounding area

 Checking engine coolant levels

 Checking of battery charger

 Checking of engine oil levels

Oil should be changed after 100 hours of use, and sooner the first time.

Also, switch out plugs and the air filter every 200 hours. But if, on the other hand, you

keep your generator in storage and don’t use it often, you should drain it of fuel.

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3.5 Annual Generator Maintenance Checklist

Once a year, focus on the generator’s electrical system. Turn off all power sources to

conduct an internal inspection. Examine the AC wiring and alternator, making sure it’s free of

dirt.

Inspect the air intake system and replace the air filter. Check the air induction piping

while you’re at it. You’ll also want to make sure the crankcase breather is in good shape: that’s

the generator’s source of fresh air, which allows it to sweep fumes out of the crankcase.

Steps to take annually include:

 Changing of oil

 Changing of oil filter, fuel filter, and air filter

 Flush cooling system

 Inspect wiring/electrical system

 Change spark plugs

 Test transfer switch

Also, check the transfer switch to make sure it’s functioning to transfer home’s power source

from the grid to the generator during an outage. Finally, to simulate operation during a power

outage, perform a functional test.

Some of these inspections and tests are more complicated, and more is at stake during the annual

test: If you miss something and wait a year, there’s a greater chance for something to go wrong.

You may want to have a professional perform your annual inspection.

generator the regular attention that it requires. In return, it can afford you years of safety,

security, and peace of mind.

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 CHAPTER FOUR

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

4.1 Conclusion

With the experience gained during my SIWES program, it can now be concluded that
SIWES training program exposes student to practical experience of study and to prepare student
for work they are likely to meet after graduation.

4.2 Recommendation

It’s recommended that the first oil should be changed after 30 hours.

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