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    Exercise 3

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    Irish Marquez
    The document discusses genetic improvement in swine breeding through the use of quantitative and qualitative traits. It provides learning activities involving Punnett squares and designing breeding programs using different breeds of swine with varying performance on traits like average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and backfat thickness.

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    Exercise 3

    Uploaded by

    Irish Marquez
    27 views4 pages
    The document discusses genetic improvement in swine breeding through the use of quantitative and qualitative traits. It provides learning activities involving Punnett squares and designing breeding programs using different breeds of swine with varying performance on traits like average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and backfat thickness.

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    Exercise-3

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    The document discusses genetic improvement in swine breeding through the use of quantitative and qualitative traits. It provides learning activities involving Punnett squares and designing breeding programs using different breeds of swine with varying performance on traits like average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and backfat thickness.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    27 views4 pages

    Exercise 3

    Uploaded by

    Irish Marquez
    The document discusses genetic improvement in swine breeding through the use of quantitative and qualitative traits. It provides learning activities involving Punnett squares and designing breeding programs using different breeds of swine with varying performance on traits like average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and backfat thickness.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Name:___________________________________________________ Date:__________

    Exercise No. 3
    BREEDING AND SELECTION
    B. GENETIC IMPROVEMENT IN SWINE

    I. INTRODUCTION.

    The primary objective of any breeding program should be to produce


    swine with the greatest possible genetic potential for maximum efficiency of
    production to make a profit The fulfillment of this objective requires swine to
    produce high litter size. ADG and superior carcass efficiency. This goal can be
    attained through a balance breeding programme which utilizes the best genetic
    merit for economically important trait available in both boats and sows. However
    it is important to apply correctly the proper method of selection and be able to
    select outstanding litters of elite parents.

    I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

    At the end of the topic/exercise the student should be able to:

    1. Internalize the concept of chromosomes and genes in breeding swine;


    2. Apply the principles of heredity in adopting a breeding program;
    3. Differentiate qualitative from quantitative traits;
    4. Estimate the breeding value of boars and sows and
    5. Describe the various systems of breeding.

    II. LEARNING ACTIVITIES:


    Activity A : Qualitative Traits

    Imagine that a black with droopy car boar is crossed with a white with
    erect car sow.
    Construct Punnet ear squares for the possible combination of traits of their
    offspring if the erect ear is dominant and the white color is also dominant.
    Determine how many different genotypes for the offspring are possible. Also
    determine how many different phenotypes are possible. Remember that the
    genotypes of parents are both heterozygous for white color with erect ear.

    Questions:
    1. In a litter of 10, what is the chance/probability of having 3 piglets
    homozygous for white color with standing /erect car and 2 piglets
    homozygous tor black color with droopy ear?
    2. What is meant by qualitative traits?
    3. List 8t least 5 qualitative traits in swine.
    4. What is the Law of Dominance?
    5. Compare and contrast the following:
    a. Homozygous vs. Heterozygous
    b. Genotype vs. Phenotype
    c. Recessiveness vs. Dominance
    d. Gene vs., Allele

    5. Define the following:

    1. Hybrid Vigor
    2. Feed Conversion Ratio.
    3. Epistasis
    4. Heritability
    5. Selection Differential
    6. Breeding Value

    Activity C.: Breeding System


    1. Farm X with four breed of swine in his herd was evaluated by a group of
    animal scientist.
    The performance of the four breeds is tabulated below:

    TRAITS BREEDS
    A B C D
    l. ADG (kg) 0.6 0.675 0.7 0.65
    2. FCR(kg) 2.8 3 3.1 2.9

    3. BFT (backfat(mm) 15 20 25 22

    Questions:
    1. Using the available breeds in the farm, design a breeding programme that will
    produce a three-way cross-bred. How many possible combinations can you
    produce out of the four breed in the farm.

    2. Based on your projected calculations, which of the possible combinations will


    you recommended? Why?

    3. Since heterosis or hybrid vigor can be best achieve through cross-breeding,


    which of the breed would you use to produce the progeny? Determine the
    average expected performance of the crossbred.

    4. Using the result of Question No.3, make a projection of the average


    performance of the progeny

    5. Compare and contrast the


    following: d.) Hybrid Vigor
    a.) Heritability e.) Feed Conversion
    b.) Selection Differential. Ratio.
    c.) Breeding Value f.) Epistasis
    REFERENCES:

    1. Devendra, C. and Fuller, M., 1979. Pig Production in the Tropics, Oxford University Press.
    2. Supnet, M.O., 1980, Pork Production Manual, 2nd Edition, U.P Los Banos, Laguna
    3. AGRITECH, 1997, Workbook in Swine Production and Management, 2nd Edition.
    4. PCCARD, 1996, Phil. Recommends for Pork Production, Series No. l3-A. Los Banos, Laguna.
    5. Arganosa, V., 1989, A Primer on Pork Production, UPLB, Los Banos, Laguna.

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