Complex Sentence

Submitted to fulfill an assignment from an English lesson

Lecturer : Martina Napratilora,S.Pd.,M.Pd.

Created by

Meira Dwi. A ( 12092023020086 )

Nia Harlina ( 12092023020111 )

Novia Fitriani ( 12092023020114)

IBTIDAIYAH MADRASAH TEACHER EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

ISLAMIC COLLEGE OF AULIAURRASYDIN TEMBILAHAN
ACADEMIC YEAR 2024/2025
 PREFACE

Assalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

Praise be to Allah SWT who has given us ease in writing this paper so that we can complete this
paper on time. Without help, of course we would not have been able to do this paper well. We would like to
express our gratitude to the presence of Allah SWT, whose mercy and grace we were able to complete the
paper with the title “Complex Sentence”. This paper was prepared in order to fulfill a structured assignment
in an English lesson assignment. The author realizes that this paper is still far from perfect.

As authors, we realize that there are still shortcomings, both in the preparation and grammar of the
presentation in this paper. Therefore, we hope that readers can provide suggestions and criticism from readers
so that we can improve this paper. We hope that the paper we have prepared will provide benefits, insight
and inspiration for readers

Tembilahan, 20 April 2024

Author

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE ................................................................................................................................ ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................... iii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCETION ........................................................................................ 1.

A. Background ................................................................................................................... 1

B. Question of the problems .............................................................................................. 1

C. Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 1

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL STUDY .............................................................................. 2

A.Complex Sentence .......................................................................................................... 2

B. Adverb Clause ................................................................................................................ 2

C. Adjective Clause............................................................................................................ 4

D. Noun Clause ................................................................................................................... 7

CHAPTER III CONDITION .................................................................................................. 9

Condition ........................................................................................................................... 9

REFERENCES....................................................................................................................... 10

ii
 CHAPTER I INTRODUCETION

a) Background
English is the language most widely used by people throughout the world.
Therefore, English is the benchmark international language. In any country, be it
developing or developed countries, every resident is required to be able to speak
English fluently in order to face global competition. To be able to speak English fluently
and correctly, someone must be willing to learn it. One of the steps to be able to speak
English correctly is to learn to write sentences in English well and correctly. In English,
sentences are called “sentences”, sentences are divided into 4 types, namely; simple
sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, and compound complex sentences.
The use of complex sentences is very important to increase a person’s skills in speaking
English both in writing and when used in speaking.

b) Question of the problems

Based on the background, a question of the problems is obtained
a. What is meant by Complex Sentence?
b. What is meant by an adverb clause?
c. What is meant by an adjective clause?
d. What is meant by a noun clause?

c) Objectives
Based on the question of the problems, the objective is obtained
a. Know the meaning of Complex Sentence
b. Know the meaning of adverb clause
c. Know the meaning of adjective clause
d. Know the meaning of noun clause

1
 CHAPTER II THEORETICAL STUDY

A. Complex sentence

A complex sentence is a type of sentence in which there is one independent clause and
one or more dependent clauses. The difference is, an independent clause is a sentence that can
stand alone, while a dependent clause depends on the independent clause. In complex
sentences, these two types of clauses are usually connected by commas or conjunctions.

The characteristics of a dependent clause in a complex sentence are usually preceded by a

conjunction, question word, relative pronoun and so on. In a complex sentence, the thought in
the independent clause is the main thought and is the foundation, while in the dependent clause
it is an addition.

Dependent clauses can be divided into three, namely: adverb clause, adjective clause, noun
clause

B. Adverb clause

Definition of Adverb Clause What is called an adverb clause? A clause itself is a group
of words and in this case consists of a subject and a verb. Meanwhile, an adverb has the
meaning of a description. So, an adverb clause means a collection of subjects and verbs that
act as information. So, the sentence itself has two clauses, one of which is the main form of the
sentence. The adverb clause is not the main sentence and can be removed without changing the
meaning of the main sentence. Adverbs are only optional In a sentence.

Adverb Clause Formula

The use of an adverb clause must use a formula consisting of a subject, verb, and a subordinate
conjunction. Whatever kinds of adverb clauses are used, there is only one formula, namely:

Subordinate conjunction + subject + verb

Genitive Adverb Clause

There are various types of adverb clauses whose context will give different meanings. You need
to be able to use it in combination with different tenses. The following are the types of each
adverb clause.

Example

After understanding the types of adverb clauses, you must be able to make sentences effectively
and clearly. Pijar friends can see the examples below for more details.

2
 1. Adverb Clauses of Time

This adverb explains when an event occurs. Usually, the conjunctions used are when, after,
while, before, since, until, as, and as soon as. You can use it in various types of tenses according
to the time context.

Example:

When the sun shines brightly, I will go sunbathing at Anyer Beach.

After the competition ends, those athletes will go back to their own countries.

As soon as my sister goes back to school, mother goes to the office.

2. Adverb Clauses of Place

This adverb describes the position or place where an event takes place. Examples of adverbial
clauses of place that are often used are where, everywhere, and wherever. The location of this
adverb clause can be at the front or at the end of the Sentence.

Example:

Everywhere I go, I usually find a stranger who will talk to me.

Where I see some ants, I also see some sweet Stuff on the floor.

3. Adverb Clauses of Condition

This clause shows the conditions that make an event occur. The conjunctions used are provided
that, unless, and if.

Example:

He won’t graduate from junior high school if he keeps missing school.

4. Adverb Clauses of Manner

This adverb clause shows how something happened. The conjunctions used are as if, like, and
as

Example:

My dad works hard today as if there is no tomorrow.

5. Adverb Clauses of Purpose

3
An adverbial clause of purpose is a clause that explains the purpose of why an event happened.
You can use so that and in order that in the sentence.

Example:

Many people join this project in order that the project will be finished soon

She practices hockey a lot so that she can win.

6. Adverb Clauses of Contrast

In the example of an adverb clause of contrast, you will find that the sentence uses even though,
although, though, and while to show contrast.

Example:

Although she is very tirea, she keeps playing and singing to amuse her child

Even if they are busy with the event, they still Make time to answer the phone and reply the
chats.

7. Adverb Clauses of effect

This adverb shows cause and effect. In this sentence there are common conjunctions such as
so...that.

Example:

The wave is so huge that Karl cancels his surging schedule.

C. Adjective clause
a.understanding
Adjectives are adjectives that function to describe nouns or pronoun A clause is a word
or more that consists of a subject and a predicate but is not yet perfect so it cannot be called a
sentence. An adjective clause is a clause that cannot stand alone which functions to explain
nouns and pronouns in complex sentences.

Example:

Big house

4
 b. parts in sentences function as nouns, for example:

- she took my book

In this sentence which

Has a function as

The noun is the subject

And objects.

c. characteristics of adjective clauses

1) sentence

2) explain the subject,

Object or subject

Complement

3) preceded by relative

Pronouns and relative

Adverb

d. how to use

a. relative pronouns

1. subject

who : is used to replace Subject person

Which : is used To replace Subject in the form Object

That : is used To replace People or Object

Example:

I talked to the woman. She is a doctor

I talked to the woman Who is a doctor

I lost the book. It is a Present from my Boyfriend

I lost the book which is a Present from my Boyfriend

5
the contract is no longer Valid. It was signed last Years

the contract that was Signed last year is no Longer valid

2. Object

who : is used for Replace for Person

Which : is used for Replace obje Object

That : is used for Replace for People and things

Example:

I met the guy. I Accidentally hugged him Yesterday

I met the guy I whom Accidentally hugge Yesterday

chocolate is fattening. Many people Adore it

chocolate which many People Adore is Fattening

.The rat was in the Kitchen. John saw it Yesterday

The rat that john saw it Yesterday was in the Kitchen

3. possessive

Whose : is used for Replace people Or objects

Example:
I built my own room it’s Windows are very big
I built my own room Whose windows are very Big

The woman was caught by The police. Her son is a Lawyer

the woman whose son is Lawyer was caught by the Police

4. Relative adverb

6
when : regarding time

where : regarding Place

Why : regarding reasons

Example:

1.Banda Aceh is a city Where I was born

2.I cont forget the day when We first met

3.The reason why sarah Didn’t to go to school is Her noisy friends

D.Noun Clause

A noun clause is a dependent clause that functions as a noun. Noun clauses can function
as subjects, objects, and objects of prepositions in a clause.

Conjunction + subject+ verb

Conjunction/subject+verb

Conjunction

1. That
2. Whether/ If
3. Question words : who, what,
which,whom, when, where,
whore,why, how

Example:

1. As subject

That Jane likes her new job is clear

Note

That Jane likes her new job: noun clause as subject

7
That : conjunction

Jane : subject

Likes: verb

2. As object

I don’t know what Jane like

Note

What Jane like : Noun clause as object

What : conjunction
Jane : subject

Like : verb

3. As object of preposition

I’m not interested in what Jane likes

Note

What Jane likes : noun clause as object of preposition

What : conjunction

Jane: subject

Likes : verb

8
 CHAPTER III CONDITION

A. Condition

A complex sentence is a multilevel compound sentence that

combines a main sentence with a subordinate sentence. Complex sentences
consist of adjective clauses, noun clauses and adverbial clauses. A complex
sentence is a sentence that has one independent clause and one or more
dependent clauses. The independent clause in a complex sentence is
usually called the main clause or main clause, while the dependent clause
in this sentence is called a subclause or subordinate clause. To connect
subclauses in the form of adverb clauses, use a subordinating conjunction,
while to connect clauses or noun clauses, use relative pronouns.
 REFERENCE

Adverb Clause: Pengertian, Fungsi, Rumus, Jenis, dan Contohnya.(20

September 2023).PijarBelajar.com.29 April
2024.https://www.pijarbelajar.id/blog/adverb-clause

Adev berbagi ilmu(2024,April 29) Adjective clause

https://youtu.be/_K3pz80ps2Y?si=Htf2ss-OCLEdW4cX

Zaid institut (2024 April 29 ) Noun clause

https://youtu.be/otvNOI7MGi4?si=bMdX7aSHv7RjV7NN