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Tutorial Sheet 8

This document contains 31 problems related to solving differential equations. The problems cover topics like exact differential equations, initial value problems, existence and uniqueness of solutions, and Lipschitz conditions. The problems range in complexity from solving simple differential equations to analyzing existence and uniqueness of solutions for initial value problems.

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10 views

Tutorial Sheet 8

This document contains 31 problems related to solving differential equations. The problems cover topics like exact differential equations, initial value problems, existence and uniqueness of solutions, and Lipschitz conditions. The problems range in complexity from solving simple differential equations to analyzing existence and uniqueness of solutions for initial value problems.

Uploaded by

b23bb1011
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial 8

Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur


Mathematics-II (MAL1020)
Instructors: Dr. Sukhendu Ghosh, Dr. Pradip Sasmal

xdy−ydx
1. Solve: xdx + ydy + x2 +y 2 = 0.

y y
 
2. Solve x cos x (ydx + xdy) = y sin x (xdy − ydx)

3. Show that the equation

x3 − 3x2 y + 2xy 2 dx − x3 − 2x2 y + y 3 dy = 0


 

is exact and find the solution if y = 1 when x = 1.


 3

4. Solve: xy 2 − e1/x dx − x2 ydy = 0.
 
5. Solve x2 + 1 y 2 − 1 dx + xydy = 0.

dy
6. Solve: dx = sin(x + y)

dy
7. Solve: 2xy dx = y 2 − x2

8. Solve: x2 dy + y(x + y)dx = 0.


 
9. Solve: y 4 − 2x3 y dx + x4 − 2xy 3 dy = 0

10. Solve: x2 dy + y(x + y)dx = 0.


 
11. Solve: x3 + 3y 2 x dx + y 3 + 3x2 y dy = 0

12. Solve: x2 ydx − x3 + y 3 dy = 0.
 
13. Solve: x2 y − 2xy 2 dx − x3 − 3x2 y dy = 0.

14. Solve the following


 equations: 
a) x2 y − 2xy 2 dx − x3 − 3x2 y dy = 0.


b) x4 + y 4 dx − xy 3 dy = 0.


c) 3x2 ydx + x3 + y 3 dy = 0.

15. Find a solution of the differential equation

dy
+ 2xy = 0
dx
dy
in the form y = y1 . Hence solve dx + 2xy = 4x by the subsitution y = vy1
16. Find a solution of the differential equation
dy
− y tan x = 0
dx
in the form y = y1 (x), say. Hence solve
dy
− y tan x = cos x
dx
by the substitution y = y1 (x)v(x)
17. Solve:
dy
x cos x + y(x sin x + cos x) = 1
dx
 
dy
18. Solve: y 2 + x − y1 dx =0
dy 2
19. Solve: xy − dx = y 3 e−x .
dy tan y
20. Solve: dx − = (1 + x)ex sec y.
1+x

21. Solve: x2 y 3 + 2xy dy = dx.
22. Solve: y (2xy + ex ) dx − ex dy = 0.

23. Solve: x3 + xy 4 dx + 2y 3 dy = 0
 
24. Solve 2xy 4 ey + 2xy 3 + y dx + x2 y 4 ey − x2 y 2 − 3x dy = 0
 
25. Solve x2 y 2 + xy + 1 ydx − x2 y 2 − xy + 1 xdy = 0
26. Show that each of the functions defined as follows satisfics a Lipschitz condition in the rectangle D
defined by |x| ≤ a, |y| ≤ b.
(a) f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 .
(b) f (x, y) = x sin y + y cos x.
(c) f (x, y) = x2 ex+y .

27. Show that neither of the functions defined in (a) and (b) satisfies a Lipschitz condition throughout
any domain which includes the line y = 0.
2/3
(a) f (x, y) = yp .
(b) f (x, y) = |y|.

28. Consider the function f defined by f (x, y) = x|y| for (x, y) ∈ D, where D is the rectangle defined by
|x| ≤ a, |y| ≤ b. In Example 10.10 it is stated that ∂f∂y does not exist for (x, 0) ∈ D, where x ̸= 0.
Show that this statement is valid
29. Consider the initial -value problem
dy 4/3
dx = y , y (x0 ) = y0 .
a) Discuss the existence of a solution of this problem
b) Discuss the uniqueness of a solution of this problem

30. For each of the following initial-value problems show that there exists a unique solution of the problem
if y0 ̸= 0. In each case discuss the existence and uniqueness of a solution if y0 = 0.
dy
(a) dx = y 2/3 , y (x0 ) = y0 .
dy
p
(b) dx = |y|, y (x0 ) = y0 .

2
31. For each of the following initial-value problems find the largest interval |x| ≤ h on which Theorem 10.1
guarantees the existence of a unique solution. In each case find the unique solution and show that it
actualiy exists over a larger interval than that guaranteed by the theorem.
dy
(a) dx = 1 + y 2 , y(0) = 0.
dy
(b) dx = e2y , y(0) = 0.

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