Blockchain TD

CoinCar : Système décentralisé de location de voitures entre particuliers
fondé sur la blockchain Bitcoin

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IF-4-SERE
Use case
CoinCar allows individuals to rent out their cars (a sort of AirBnB for cars, or OuiCar) or
other vehicles.
We assume that the cars are smart connected cars. Each car is equipped with a long-range
communication module (for example, 4G/5G) as well as a short-range communication module
(for example, Bluetooth, NFC). This implies that the car can communicate over the Internet as
well as with user devices (such as smartphones) located in the vicinity.
Cars are electronically accessible by users through their smart phones. A car grants access
only to a user who is authorized.
At any given time, a car has one owner, and can have one or no renter. The owner of the car
can authorize one (and only one) renter at a time to access and use the car for a fixed duration.
The owner of the car can also transfer the ownership of the car, that is, sell the car to another
user.
The owner of a car can publish the availability of the car for some chosen dates, as well as the
rent/unit of time, address, and other details of the car (brand, model, etc.).
Renters can search for available cars that correspond to their preferred criteria. They can
specify the desired location, rent, type, etc.
When a renter discovers an available car that he wishes to rent, he sends a request to the
owner for a specific duration along with mandatory credentials, which include national
identity card (or equivalent document), driving license, and insurance. The owner can then
approve the request by granting access to the renter for the requested duration.
The renter is able to access the car during the authorized duration. However, a condition for
access is that the renter pays in advance for the entire duration. The car is locked down after
the duration expires. Moreover, the car monitors its location and limits the mobility of the car
as defined and published by the owner (e.g., no trip abroad).
The purpose of the TD is to study and design a solution for implementing the CoinCar service
on top of the Bitcoin blockchain.
1
Exercise 1 (Identity Management) (Bitcoin Address)
There is no central authority to issue or manage identities on the Bitcoin blockchain.
Describe how some kind of identities (“addresses”) are generated for users (owners, renters,
car manufacturers) such that they are uniquely identified on the blockchain (i.e., 2 different
users => 2 different addresses).
Calculate the probability that two users will both generate the same identity (“address
collision”) if there are 7.8 billion users in total (approximately the population of Earth). Note:
There are 2^160 possible Bitcoin addresses.
Exercise 2 (car ownership) (smart property, asset management, colored coins)

We assume that a car is assigned a universally unique serial number by the manufacturer.
Describe how cars can be represented on the blockchain.
Write a protocol for a car manufacturer to transfer the ownership of a new car to the first
owner.
Write a protocol for an owner of the car to sell the car to another person.
Write a protocol for an owner to prove her ownership of a car to a renter.
Exercise 3 (advertisement)
Describe a scheme for an owner to publish the availability and the rental conditions (e.g.,
rental cost, animal allowed/not allowed, trans-border trip allowed/not allowed…) of a car on
the blockchain.
Exercise 4 (car reservation and credential exchange)

Write a protocol for the renter to reserve a car and send her credentials to the owner using
another channel (such as email) while leaving a verifiable trace of the credentials on the
blockchain. Authorities can indeed later demand the owner to disclose the credentials and
verify their integrity. How can the renter also preserve the confidentiality of the credentials
from the public?
Exercise 5 (delegation of usage) (smart contracts)

Write a protocol for the owner of a car to delegate a temporally limited usage (renting of the
car) to a user.
The renter gets access to the car only if he pays the rent in full in advance.
Discuss how such a delegation of usage could be implemented using smart contracts (like the
ones available in Ethereum, for instance).
Exercise 6 (driver authentication)

Write a protocol for a car to authenticate a user/driver in order to grant access.
Exercise 7 (tax recovery)

Write an algorithm for a taxation authority to calculate the revenue earned by a car owner.
Exercise 8 (alternative blockchains and wrap-up)

Discuss the pros and the cons of using the Bitcoin blockchain.
Identify and discuss alternative solutions based on public blockchains.
Identify issues to consider (…and propose solutions!) if one decides to implement the
CoinCar service on top of a private blockchain.

Blockchain TD

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CoinCar : Système décentralisé de location de voitures entre particuliers

fondé sur la blockchain Bitcoin

Exercise 2 (car ownership) (smart property, asset management, colored coins)

Exercise 4 (car reservation and credential exchange)

Exercise 5 (delegation of usage) (smart contracts)

Exercise 6 (driver authentication)

Exercise 7 (tax recovery)

Exercise 8 (alternative blockchains and wrap-up)

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