Etn4086 Assignment 2 Afwan 1151104911 Te

ETN 4086
MOBILE AND SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
ASSIGNMENT 2
ASSIGNED: Tuesday 20th December 2022

LAST DUE DATE: Friday 6th January 2023
Total marks: 15 marks (7.5% of the total grade)
Name : Muhammad Afwan Bin Mohd Ariffin

Student ID : 1151104911
1. INTRODUCTION
In this assignment, the task is required to choose one satellite and do a researched on the
orbital properties as well as the link performance of the satellite as has been discussed in
Chapter 6 and Chapter 7 in the lecture, respectively.
2. OBJECTIVES
 To strengthen the understanding on satellites orbital properties.

 To investigate the link budget and link performance of real and active satellites.
 To apply the knowledge obtained on satellite orbits and link performance.
3. DISCUSSION
A. Based on the choice that has been made:
I. Name of Satellite: Sirius FM-5

II. Users: Commercial [1]
III. Detailed Purpose: Satellite radio service; communication- direct radio
broadcasting [2]
IV. Class of Orbit: GEO [2]
V. Perigee (km): 35791.1 [3]
VI. Apogee (km): 35796.5 [3]
VII. Eccentricity: 0.0000641 [4]
VIII. Inclination (degrees): 0.0276° [4]
IX. Period (minutes): 1436.1 [3]
X. Power (watts): 20 kW [2]
B. The sketch of the satellite:
Inclination: 0.0276°
Perigee: Apogee:
35791.1 km 35756.5 km
Sirius FM-5
Figure 1: The sketch of Sirius FM-5 orbit
C. Computation based on item I to X using the shortest distance between the satellite
and earth:
Noise bandwidth = 105 kHz
Boltzmann constant, k = 1.379 × 10−23 J/K
U/L uplink
D/L downlink
E/S earth station
PFD Operating power flux density
SFD Power flux density at saturation
C/XPD Carrier to cross-polarization interference ratio
C/Adj Carrier to adjacent satellite interference ratio
C/IM3 Carrier to 3rd order inter-modulation noise ratio
I. Finding Tx EIRP:
HPA output power = 20 kW
HPA (dB) = 10 log10 20k = 43.01 dBW
From the table above,
Feed loss = 1.05dB
Antenna gain = 41.0 dBi
Tx EIRP = HPA output power – Feed power + Antenna gain
= 43.01 – 1.05 + 41.00
=82.96 dBW
II. Finding U/L spreading loss:
Perigee, R = 35791.1 km
The U/L frequency is given by U/L frequency = 6 GHz
𝑐 3 ×108
Wavelength,  = 𝑓 = = 0.05m
6𝐺𝐻𝑧
4R
𝑈/𝐿 𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 20 log10( )

4 × 35791.1k
= 20 log10( )
0.05
= 𝟏𝟗𝟗. 𝟎𝟖 𝐝𝐁
III. Finding Receive PFD:
Given,
Pointing loss = 0.2 dB
Rain attenuation = 2.68 dB
Receive PFD = EIRP − Pointing Loss − 10log10 (4R2 ) − rain attenuation

= 82.96 – 0.20 − 10 log10[4(35791.1k 2 )] − 2.68
= 82.96 − 0.20 − 162.07 − 2.68
= −𝟖𝟏. 𝟗𝟗 𝐝𝐁𝐖/𝐦𝟐
IV. Finding Input back-off:
Input back-off = Receive PFD – Satellite SFD

= -81.99 – (-84.56)
= 2.57 dB
V. Finding U/L C/N (thermal):
Satellite G/T = -0.15 dB/K

k = 1.379 × 10−23
B = 105 kHz
[L] = Pointing loss + Spreading loss + Rain attenuation

= 0.20 + 199.08 + 2.68
= 201.96
U/L [C/N(thermal)] = [EIRP] + [G/T] − [L] − 10 log10 (k) − 10 log10 (B)
= 82.96 + (−0.15) − 201.96

−10 log10 (1.379 × 10−23 ) − 10 log10 (105 k)
= 82.96 − 0.15 − 201.96 + 228.60 − 50.21

= 𝟓𝟗. 𝟐𝟒 𝐝𝐁
VI. Finding U/L total C/N:
From the table,

U/L C/XPD = 27.31
U/L C/Adj = 37.32
(U/L total C/N) −1 = (C/N(thermal))−1 + (C/XPD)−1 + (C/Adj)−1

= 10−5.924 + 10−2.731 + 10−3.732
= 2.044 × 10−3
[U/L total C/N] = −10 log10 (2.044 × 10−3 )

= 𝟐𝟔. 𝟖𝟗 𝐝𝐁
VII. Finding Satellite EIRP:
Satellite EIRP at saturation = 10 log10(20k) = 43.01 dBW

From the table,
The Output back-off is given by -33.38dB
Satellite EIRP = Satellite EIRP at saturation + Output back-off

= 43.01 + (-33.38)
= 9.63 dB
VIII. Finding D/L C/N (thermal):
D/L C/N (thermal) = Receiver input level – Receiver noise level

= -147.41 – (-160.08)
= 12.67 dB
IX. Finding D/L total C/N:
(D/L total C/N)−1 = (C/N(thermal))−1 + (C/XPD)−1 + (C/Adj)−1
= 10−1.267 + 10−2.788 + 10−2.993

= 0.0567
[D/L total C/N] = −10 log10 (0.0567)

= 𝟏𝟐. 𝟒𝟔 𝐝𝐁
X. Finding Overall C/N:
From the table, we can obtain that the Satellite C/IM3 is 16.32 dB
As all the calculation has been done, these are the values of carrier-to-noise ratio
for the uplink and downlink:
UL C/N: 26.89 dB
DL C/N: 12.46 dB
Hence,
(C/N overall) −1 = (C/N U)−1 + (C/N D)−1 + (C/IM3)−1
= 10−2.689 + 10−1.246 + 10−1.632

= 0.0821
C/N overall = -10 log10 0.0821

= 10.86 dB
4. REFERENCES
[1] SiriusXM, ILS and SIRIUS XM Launch SIRIUS FM-5 Satellite. 2009.
[2] Krebs, Gunter D. “Sirius FM5 (Radiosat 5)”. Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved October 26,
2021, from https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sirius-cdr-5.htm
[3] N2YO.com - Real Time Satellite Tracking and Predictions. n.d. Technical details for
satellite SIRIUS FM-5. [online] Available at: <https://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=35493>
[Accessed 26 October 2021].
[4] Heavens-above.com. n.d. SIRIUS FM-5 - Orbit. [online] Available at:
<https://www.heavens-
above.com/orbit.aspx?satid=35493&lat=0&lng=0&loc=Unspecified&alt=0&tz=UCT&cul=e
n> [Accessed 26 October 2021].

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ETN 4086

MOBILE AND SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

ASSIGNED: Tuesday 20th December 2022

Total marks: 15 marks (7.5% of the total grade)

Name : Muhammad Afwan Bin Mohd Ariffin

 To strengthen the understanding on satellites orbital properties.

A. Based on the choice that has been made:

I. Name of Satellite: Sirius FM-5

Figure 1: The sketch of Sirius FM-5 orbit

II. Finding U/L spreading loss:

III. Finding Receive PFD:

Receive PFD = EIRP − Pointing Loss − 10log10 (4R2 ) − rain attenuation

IV. Finding Input back-off:

Input back-off = Receive PFD – Satellite SFD

Satellite G/T = -0.15 dB/K

[L] = Pointing loss + Spreading loss + Rain attenuation

= 82.96 + (−0.15) − 201.96

= 82.96 − 0.15 − 201.96 + 228.60 − 50.21

VI. Finding U/L total C/N:

From the table,

(U/L total C/N) −1 = (C/N(thermal))−1 + (C/XPD)−1 + (C/Adj)−1

[U/L total C/N] = −10 log10 (2.044 × 10−3 )

VII. Finding Satellite EIRP:

Satellite EIRP at saturation = 10 log10(20k) = 43.01 dBW

Satellite EIRP = Satellite EIRP at saturation + Output back-off

D/L C/N (thermal) = Receiver input level – Receiver noise level

IX. Finding D/L total C/N:

(D/L total C/N)−1 = (C/N(thermal))−1 + (C/XPD)−1 + (C/Adj)−1

= 10−1.267 + 10−2.788 + 10−2.993

[D/L total C/N] = −10 log10 (0.0567)

X. Finding Overall C/N:

= 10−2.689 + 10−1.246 + 10−1.632

C/N overall = -10 log10 0.0821

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