Personal Development

Module 4: Various Roles of Different Individuals

in Society and How They Can Influence People Through their Leadership or
Followership
What I Need to Know
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Distinguish the various roles of different individuals in society and how they can influence people through
their leadership and followership

What I Know
Directions: Write L if the statement describes a leader, F if the statement describes a follower and
FL for both. Write your answer in your answer sheet.
If I am volunteering to handle a task, Am I a leader or a follower?
1. volunteering to handle task
2. set example
3. exhibiting loyalty
4. walk the talk
5. offering suggestions for improvement
6. willing to serve
7. delegate work
8. does not afraid to confront changes
9. learn to appreciate
10. be patient

Leadership is a primary vehicle in fulfilling the goal of a team. It is a social influence relationship between
two or more persons. Becoming a good leader is not an overnight process or just attending a one –day seminar
workshop. It requires willingness to devote your time wholeheartedly to managing, helping, and coaching your team
without compromising your family time. In short, leadership is a two-way process; leaders and constituents may
work together to get things done easily and smoothly.
This time you may be able to identify the different roles of leaders and followers in society.

What’s New
What are the characteristics of a leader and a follower?

Directions: Analyze the pictures below. Explain what characteristics of a leader and follower have been shown here
and how can those characteristics influence people. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

1.

Answer
Example:
Leader: Motivates follower by setting example to them.
Follower: supports the leader by doing task.

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2. 3.

Process Questions:

What is It
A Role defines a set of norms, values, behaviors, and personality characteristics attached to a status such as
leader, follower, or club president. Every leader assumes role in a society. They are expected to behave a pattern
usually determined by individuals in the society.

To become a great leader, you must be a good follower. This will give high impact to a society. you must
have the important leadership qualities that can affect constituents and can be developed by anyone:

Roles of an Efficient Leader that can influence people:

1. Set example - a good leader sets the best example. It is the first rule. Walk the talk. Do not compromise anybody
in the organization or team integrity. Never take shortcuts.
2. Assume and do responsibility - you should be guided by your own duties and responsibilities. Be proactive in
guiding, teaching, and developing excellence in everyone.
3. Show Initiative- find out what needs to be done. do not wait for anyone to tell you what to do.
4. Life-long learner- capacitate yourself. Learn everything you need to know about the current job.
5. Show enthusiasm- if you come to work happy and cheerful, it provides motivation. Enthusiasm is contagious.
Never let personal issues affect your performance.
6. Willing to serve- this quality is known of a servant leader. Showing this kind of characteristics can inspire thought
and action of your own constituents.
7. Active listener- to become an active listener, you must maintain an eye contact. Pay attention to facial
expressions and body language, and start a sentence with “I” instead of “You. This will enhance a good
communication and understanding.
8. Show empathy- Try to understand where people are coming from and their point of view. Put yourself in the
other people’s shoes.
9. Be sensitive to the need of others- as a good leader, you must be the one who should know and feel the needs of
your constituents.
10. Delegate work- sharing work among members at the organization should be divided into a manageable task.
Explain completely what you are asking the person to do.
11. Learn to appreciate- If someone has done great with the assigned tasks, be sure to let them feel they are
appreciated. Simply saying thanks will do. This will motivate them to work hard.
12. Be patient- Do not get easily annoyed if untoward incident happens. hold your temper. This might require
constant practice.

Leadership qualities are not exclusive to leaders. Some of these may found in the followership. A great
leader encourages teamwork. Followership plays an essential part of the leadership equation. Followers are team
that can contribute success in your leadership.
Followership means when people express words, actions, respect, and support to a leader. But what are the
role of a follower?

Role of an Effective Follower that Leaders Need

1. Courage to do responsibility- Effective follower feels a sense of personal responsibility and ownership for
his or her own behavior in the organization.

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 2. Courage to challenge- If the leader’s actions contradict the best interest
of the organization, effective follower takes a stand. Do not sacrifice your own integrity or the good of
the organization just to maintain harmony.
3. Courage to participate in transformation- Effective followers view the struggle of change and
transformation as a mutual experience shared by all
6 members, support the leader and does not afraid to confront the changes.
4. A can-do attitude- A leader’s job becomes smoother when he or she has followers who are positive and
self-motivated, can get things done, accept responsibility, excels in required tasks, and willingly accept
difficult assignment.
5. A collaborative approach- Each follower is a part of the leader’s larger system and should realize that his
or her action affect the whole. Work effectively as a team member.
6. Courage to serve and subservient- Effective follower understands the needs of the organizations and seek
to serve those who need.
7. The passion to drive personal growth- Leaders want followers who seek to enhance their own growth and
development rather than depending on the leader to do it.

What’s More
Directions: Do the following activity in a separate sheet of paper.
Activity 1. My organization. Which organizations involving you in our society? (church group, singing/dance group,
community group, youth group, club, school organization, neighborhood association, volunteer group. etc.)
Name of Organization Type of Organization My position/Role in the
Organization

Process Questions:
1. After doing the activity, what have you realized?
2. What do you think are the characteristics of a good leader and a good follower? Explain your answer.
3. Who influences you most to become a leader or a follower? and how?

What I Have Learned

Directions. Fill in the blanks. Choose the correct word inside the box. Write your answer in a separate sheet
of paper.
In a society great leaders can be influential. They can make or break a team/ institution. To become
excellent leader, they must be guided by the following roles: Setting example is the first rule. Do not (1)
_____________ anybody in the organization. Assumes and do (2) ______________ in guiding and developing
excellence in everyone. Do not wait for anyone to tell you what to do. They must have an (3) ____________ in
planning and solving circumstances. They must learn how to (4) ____________ himself and members. They
must show (5) _________ that can motivate the followers.
To enhance good communication between leaders and followers, great leader should pay (6)
_________ to facial expression, body language and maintain eye contact, sentence should start with “I” instead
of “You”. They must (7) ______ work to a manageable task and explain thoroughly what you are asking the
members to do.
Some of these characteristics of a leader can be found in followers. A great leader (8) ___________
teamwork. (9) _________ are team that can contribute success in the leadership. They must have the following
roles to become effective. They must feel and sense personal (10) _________ and ownership of their own
behavior, ready to take (11) __________and make stand if the leaders’ action (12) _________ the best interest
of the organizations. A can-do attitude (13) __________ himself to get things done easily and smoother.
Leaders want followers who seek to (14) ___________ their own growth and development rather than
depending on the leader to do it. They must also (15) _________ that their actions affect the whole.

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 compromise responsibility initiative capacitate enthusiasm

attention delegate encourages followers responsibility

challenges contradicts motivates enhance realize

Assessment
Direction: Write TRUE if you agree with the statement, FALSE if the statement is Wrong.

1. A servant leader put his own concern, motives, and interests first and foremost above the others.
2. An efficient leader sets himself/herself as an example.
3. Leaders are to serve others.
4. Leaders want followers who seek to enhance their own growth and development rather than depending on the
leader to do it.
5. Effective follower feels a sense of personal responsibility and ownership for his or her own behavior in the
organization.
6. Effective follower does understand the needs of the organizations.
7. Effective leaders listen deeply to others and emphasize with people around.
8. Great leaders get easily annoyed and cannot hold temper if untoward incident happens.
9. In leading a team or organizations, a great leader divide works depending on the length of service in the company.
10. Effective follower does not feel the sense of ownership and responsibility for his/her own behavior.

Personal Development
Module 5: Social Influence
What I Need to Know
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Explain concepts of perception and social influence and relate it to real life;
2. Examine the relevance of self-perception and others’ perception for one’s development; and
3. Value the significance of social influence in developing one’s self.

What’s In
In your answer sheet, draw a bar graph. Write inside the bar graph the names of the most and least
influential individuals in your lifetime. On the longer bar, write the names of the most influential person and on the
shorter bar, write the names of the least influential person in your life.

After knowing the most influential or the least influential individuals in your life
1. Examine how they affect your behavior and growth.
2.How do they influence you as a maturing adolescent?

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What’s New
Draw a pie graph in your answer sheet. Write constructive positive and negative comments for improvement
process about yourself that you received from other people using the pie graph below.

Self-Feedback Others Feedback

Process Questions:
1. Why is feedback important in improving one’s strengths and weaknesses?
2. How do you compare your self-perception to others’ perception about you?

What is It
In the first activity, you were able to identify the influential persons in your life. While in the second activity,
you were able to reflect on the information you received from others as well as how you think of yourself. This
psychological process is referred to as perception. It occurs through knowing, interpreting, and learning information
that influences your behavior. The way you perceive others as well as how others perceive you are driven by beliefs,
values, and norms learned and shared through interactions within your family members, friends, neighbors, and
other individuals in the society. These experiences help you to improve how you perceive yourself and others in any
situation. As you mature, personal and social relationships broaden your perception about yourself and others. This
accepting behavior of yours like appreciating and respecting others’ thoughts, feelings, and actions towards you is
part of social influence as a process.

Social influence is characterized by a change in your behavior caused by the people that empower you to
adjust to a particular situation. Whether someone agrees or disagrees with you, it influences your behavior that may
help or hinder your social roles. Social influence also happens when you change your behavior to adapt to social
demands. Social influence is categorized by conformity, compliance, and obedience.
Conformity is changing your behavior to be the same with the others in the group (Asch 1955 in Ramirez
2020). For example, when you visit your friend’s home, to show respect, you both ask for the grandmother’s blessing
because you were told that it is courtesy. This situation engages you to deal with it by adapting to the shared norms
and values to gain social approval rather than rejection. You were able to conform to the group standards.

Figure1. Types of Social Influence

Illustrated by: Gilbert Esguerra
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 Compliance is granting a request or demand asked by another individual in exchange of either a reward or a
punishment. For example, during examination day, you are required to take the test to finish the grading period and
failure to do so may result in a failing grade.
Obedience means changing your behavior to follow the demand given by an authority or an adult you have
high regards with. For instance, as a maturing adolescent, you want to contribute to development through inviting
other friends to exercise proper waste disposal. Whether you do it purposely as you try to give the leader your
respect or purposefully as it empowers you to participate actively as a follower. Whatever your reason is for
obeying; it leads to social facilitation. This happens when you are given a sense of responsibility that allows you to
perform better if you are with other individuals.
Given these three situations, you can choose to conform, to comply, or to obey depending on how well you
perceive yourself and others; likewise, how others perceive you. These are all important in personal development.

Comparing your self-perception with others’ perception of you has contributed to your thoughts that
influence your behavior. These significant persons in your lives help you in becoming a successful leader and follower
through social relationships. In any relationship, communication is important as you listen to what others are telling
you, and as to understand yourself and others in any situation. It influences your outlook in life, like when you were
in your formative years - you have a limited capacity of acknowledging what is happening around you. More so, you
are not aware of how other people treated or thought about you. There were also times when adults always asked
you what you want to be when you grow up. While, as you grow, as a maturing adolescent you conceive new
thoughts, feelings and behavior based on your experiences which form new perceptions that influence you in dealing
with others, in handling your problems, and in making right decisions.

To help you understand this more, let us apply the principle of sowing and reaping to your everyday life. One
example of sowing is when you decided to cooperate with your group mates with whom you were able to share your
ideas to complete the task; while reaping is when your group was able to submit and present an innovative output
so your teacher and classmates can give their feedback to compliment it. At the start, you benefit from the feedback
you received which eventually led you to assert influence. Significantly, you are becoming responsible for your
thoughts and behaviors as you adapt to the needs of the situations in the same manner that you have self-control
that empowers you to regulate your behavior to make positive choices in life.
The change in your behavior therefore enhances your role in becoming a follower and a leader. Both these
roles involve responsibility to serve others that can be achieved through cooperation. Hence, a change in mindset is
being mindful and sensitive to your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

What’s More

Write under Myself Column or Others Column the traits or behaviors that you perceive to yourself or how others
see you.

Gain Approval Likes reward Accepts Responsibility

Avoids Rejection Fears Punishment Follows Order
Accepts Opinion Follows request Respects Authority

Myself Others Myself Others Myself Others

Ex. Gains
approval

Conformist Compliant Obedient

Process Questions:
1. Based on the data, is there any comparison that you want to give an emphasis on?
2. How can you categorize yourself? Are you a conformist, compliant or obedient? Explain your answer.

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What I Can Do
In this activity, use the information you gathered form What’s New: Self-Feedback and Others Feedback, on
page 5. Then, write the comments into Helpful and Hurtful categories in the Venn Diagram below. For the
comments you received that can be both helpful and hurtful, and which have influenced you to change, write them
in the area where the two circles overlap. Use the fourth quadrant of your paper to present your diagram.

Helpful Hurtful

Process Questions:
1. What are the similar comments that you agree and disagree with?
2. How does this feedback influence your relationships with others?

Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is the change in one’s behavior to adapt to the social demands?
A. Personal Relationship
B. Social Relationship
C. Social Facilitation
D. Social Influence
2. Which of the following is the change in one’s behavior to be more like the others in the group?
A. Complement
B. Compliance
C. Conformity
D. Obedience
3. Which of the following is the change in one’s behavior by doing a request asked by other individuals in exchange
for reward or punishment?
A. Complement
B. Complacent
C. Compliance
D. Conformity
4. Which of the following is the change in one’s behavior by following the demand given by the individuals you
respect?
A. Compliance
B. Conformity
C. Obedience
D. Objective
5. Which of the following enables a person to perform better with others than working alone?
A. Social Facilitation
B. Social Influence
C. Social Change
D. Social Loafing
6. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an obedient individual?
A. Accepts responsibility
B. Respects authority
C. Avoids rejection
D. Follows order
7.-10. Identify the type of social influence being described in the following situations. Write A for Conformity, B for
Compliance, and C for Obedience.
7. Sierra greets her colleague by giving a handshake.
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8. Claire wears a dress that suits the dinner party at her friend’s house.
9. Emmanuel is in a rush and unable to finish the test.
10. Arman does the household chores assertively.

Personal Development
Module 6: Conduct a Mini-Survey on Filipino Relationships (Family, School, and
Community)
After going through this module, you are expected to:
a. Conduct a Mini-Survey on Filipino Relationships (Family, School, and Community).

The social relationship needs interaction among individuals, which involves influence. Individual’s influences
have an effect on your behavior which may help or hinder you from fulfilling your social roles. Moreover, it is
inevitable that someone may agree or disagree with you because there is no perfect world that everything goes well
with you, not everybody says “yes” and makes a nod with your thoughts, opinions, and values--which means
disagreements can be pretty common, especially in the society where you live in.
The ability to perceive how people see you is what enables you to connect to others authentically and to
reap the deep satisfaction that comes with those ties. Establishing connections and relations is needed in the place
where you are and the organization where you belong. In this lesson, you will further deepen how the Filipino
relationships are common to every people (adolescence) by conducting a mini-survey.

What’s In

Activity: In your answer sheet, fill a word that fits each clue.

Across: Down:
1. state of being connected 2. any relationship among individuals
3. the way that someone behaves
4. ability to do something
5. change behavior to be like others
7. submission to authority
6. Social relationship is built through _____ 8. devotee of particular person
9. a person who commands
10. doing a request asked by someone

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What’s New
Activity 1: Camera Action
1. Make an online survey on how other people perceive you or see you. Your respondents are your family,
schoolmates, church mates, and your friends in your Facebook. Ask them to describe you in terms of how you relate
with them using positive description.
2. Draw and write on the shapes the first five common adjectives that people frequently used to describe you.

My description Family

1.________ 1._____________________
2.________ 2._____________________
3.________ 3.______________________
4.________ 4.______________________
5._____________________
5.________

Schoolmates Community

1._________________________
1.___________ 2._________________________
2.___________ 3._________________________
3.___________ 4._________________________
4.___________ 5._________________________
5.___________

Process questions:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. How did you perceive yourself from the point of view of your family, school, and community?

What is It

Middle Adolescents find themselves in the company of their peers usually from the school or neighborhood.
As they gravitate more toward these groups, the attachment to the family as their primary source of personal source
or personal development shifts to these peers or group.
Being able to create friendship and new attachment is critical in the development of adolescents as they
transcend to young adulthood. From high school to college, adolescents nurture faster socially where new lessons
are learned especially on how their social interactions are formed. They affirmed themselves with self-identity, and
their self-esteem develop their capacity to nurture who they are. In such way, learning to associate and develop
relationships is nurtured in this stage.

Social relationship is very common to all individuals. Social relationships refer to the connections that exist
between people who have recurring interactions that are perceived by the participants to have personal meaning.
This definition includes relationships between family members, friends, neighbors, fellow workers, and other
associates.

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 Relationship is the way in which two or more people or groups regard and behave toward each other. There
are many different types of relationships. In this topic, we will focus on three types of relationships: family
relationships, friendships, acquaintanceships, and community relationships.
Family or relatives are people we are connected through some form of kinships, such as parents, brothers
and sisters, grandparents, aunts, and uncles, or step-parents. The family includes siblings and parents you may see
every day growing up and other relatives such as cousins, aunts, uncles and grandparents you may not see
frequently.
Friends are people we are not related to but choose to interact with. A friend is a person whom one knows
and with whom one has a bond of mutual affection, typically exclusive of sexual or family relations. Friends are
people we trust, respect, care about, and feel that we can confide in and want to spend time with.
Acquaintances are people you may encounter oftentimes but are not friends or relatives. For instance, they
may be a neighbor who lives in your road, a work colleague, or someone you have seen a few times at a social event
but do not yet know well. Acquaintances are persons whom you know slightly, but who is not a close friend.

Community relations simply describe a company's interactions with the community in which it resides.
Cambridge dictionary defines it as the relationship that a company or organization has with the people who live in
the area in which it operates. Building community relationships can be the most important communication activity
undertaken by an organization for the good of the community.

Filipino Relationship
(Family, School, and Community)

Filipino’s perspective in building family relationship focused on establishing close ties. They are very
hospitable and friendly people. They always smile no matter how they feel. Meeting someone for the first time, they
do not hesitate to give a smile before starting a conversation. They have close family ties and always wanted to talk
about their extended family. Filipinos are very family-oriented.

School
Home-school partnership occurs through the processes of cooperation, coordination, and collaboration to
enhance learning opportunities, educational progress, and school success for students in the academic, social,
emotional, and behavioral domains. According to M. Johnson (2015), home-school partnerships increasingly push
the children's learning toward a broader vision of the 21st century learning. As children's educations increasingly
occur across a range of settings, parents are uniquely positioned to help ensure that these settings best support their
children's specific learning needs.

Parental involvement is observed in the school setting in the Philippines. The amount of participation a
parent has when it comes to the schooling of his/her children fosters healthy outcome; thus, parental involvement is
needed in children's education.
H. Castillon & A. Bonotan stated that home and school partnership developed 3 R’s: Rapport, Reaching Out,
and Recognition to Parents. Moreover, involvement of parents to school helped the learners to build confidence, to
become sociable and active learners. Less involvement of parents tends to have kids who are timid, withdrawn, and
perform less. Parenting is important in the Philippine educational setting because family is viewed as a center to
one's social world

Community
Many of today's leaders in education, business, and community development are coming to realize that
schools alone cannot prepare our youth for a productive adulthood. It is evident that schools and communities
should work closely with each other to meet their mutual goals. Schools can provide more support for students,
families, and staff when they are an integral part of the community. Appropriate and effective collaboration and
teaming are seen as key factors to community development, learning, and family self-sufficiency.
Partnerships should be considered as connections between schools and community resources.
The partnership may involve the following:
1. utilization of school or neighborhood facilities and equipment or giving out other resources
2. collaborative fundraising and grant applications giving assistance
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 3. mentoring and training from professionals and others with special expertise
4. information sharing and dissemination
5. networking recognition and public relations
6. shared responsibility for planning
7. implementation and evaluation of programs and services;
8. expanding opportunities for internships, jobs, recreation, and building a sense of community.
School-community partnerships can intertwine many resources and strategies to enhance communities that
support all youth and their families. They could make schools better, strengthen neighborhoods, and lead to a
noticeable depletion in young people's problems. Building such partnerships requires visioning, strategic planning,
creative leadership, and new adoptable roles for professionals who work in schools and communities.

What’s More
Activity 1: Survey on Family Relationship
Complete the unfinished words. Put a check (/) mark to the family members whom the social skill is suited.

Questions Father Mother I My brother My sister

Example:
Show respect to others
1. entertains the visitor well
2. is flexible and open-minded
3. gives academic support
4. makes decisions
5. good in resolving family conflicts
6. gives advice most of the time
7. is skillful communicator
8. is compassionate
9. is a disciplinarian
10. provides love and affection

Process Questions:
1. What made you decide to assign the social skills of each family member?
2. How certain are you that these social roles are really intended for them?
3. What is the impact of performing these social roles in maintaining harmonious relation in the family?

Activity 2: Social Relationship

Make a survey about the relationship of your parents/family to your school and to your community by making a pie
graph. Put and use the quantifiers to show the amount of time your parents spend in showing social relationship to
the following: (The bigger the pie, the more time your parent spends in social relationship.)
School:
1. Access to school activities
2. Attend PTA meetings
3. Join school clubs
4. Share time (e.g., Clean-up Drive, Brigada Eskwela, Tree Planting)
5. Help you in your school assignment
Community:
1. Attending Mass/ Church
2. Participate in the barangay’s meeting
3. Donate goods to people in need
4. Volunteer to community service
5. Help improve the community

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What I Can Do
Activity
1. Make at least three (3) questions about Filipino relationships in terms of family, school, and community. It may be
in Filipino, Bikol or English.
2. Conduct a mini-survey by asking your family members or neighbors to answer the questionnaire you do through
online or group chat.
3. Retrieve and gather the results of their answers. Tally the survey in a table.
QUESTIONS: Very Much Much Evident Less Evident Not evident
Evident Evident 3 2 1
5 4
A. Filipino Relationship (Family)
e.g.
Do Filipinos value the close family
ties?
1.
2.
3.
B. Filipino Relationship (School)
Ex. Do Filipinos value the school-
home partnerships?
1.
2.
3.
C. Filipino Relationship
(Community)
Ex. Do Filipino families work
closely to community?
1.
2.
3.

Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which institution has the responsibility for developing the personal relationship in teenage life?
A. Family B. School C. Community D. Barangay Office
2. Who could influence more in the development of teenagers as they transcend to young adulthood?
A. Classmates in high school and college B. Friendship and attachment
C. Family members and relatives D. School and the teachers
3. What is social relationship?
A. refers to society and the place where he/she belongs.
B. refers to the emotional relationship of individual
C. refers to the marital relationship
D. refers to connection that exist between people who have recurring interaction that are perceived by the participants
to have personal meeting
4. What is an acquaintance?
A. a person whom you are always with
B. a person one knows slightly, but who is not a close friend.
C. a person you meet every day, who is close to you.
D. a person who knows you, but you do not know them.
5. How can home and school partnership develop the social relationship of an adolescence?
A. The school broadens the mind of the students.
B. The school involves the parents in its various activities.
C. The school and the home create a collaborative environment to the students.
D. The school suggests improvement for students’ academic performance.
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