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    Assignment 10

    Uploaded by

    emailfortesting1222
    The document discusses constructors and destructors in C++. It explains default constructors, parameterized constructors, copy constructors, and constructor overloading. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to define and use different types of constructors and destructors.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Assignment 10

    Uploaded by

    emailfortesting1222
    8 views13 pages
    The document discusses constructors and destructors in C++. It explains default constructors, parameterized constructors, copy constructors, and constructor overloading. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to define and use different types of constructors and destructors.

    Original Description:

    uguyfrtxffdfxdx

    Original Title

    ASSIGNMENT 10

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    The document discusses constructors and destructors in C++. It explains default constructors, parameterized constructors, copy constructors, and constructor overloading. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to define and use different types of constructors and destructors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views13 pages

    Assignment 10

    Uploaded by

    emailfortesting1222
    The document discusses constructors and destructors in C++. It explains default constructors, parameterized constructors, copy constructors, and constructor overloading. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to define and use different types of constructors and destructors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    ASSIGNMENT -10

    Problem Statement:
    Study of Constructors and Destructors in
    C++

    Study of Default Constructor

    #include<iostream>

    using namespace std;

    class Employee {

    public:

    int age;

    // Default constructor.

    Employee() {

    /* Data member is defined with the help of the

    default constructor.*/

    age = 50;

    };

    int main() {

    // Object of class Employee declared.

    Employee e1;

    // Prints value assigned by default constructor.


    cout << e1.age;

    return 0;

    Output

    STUDY OF PARAMETERIZED CONSTRUCTOR

    Using the default constructor, it is impossible to initialize different objects with different initial

    values. What if we need to pass arguments to constructors which are needed to initialize an

    object? There is a different type of constructor called Parameterized Constructor to solve this

    issue.

    A Parameterized Constructor is a constructor that can accept one or more arguments. This helps

    programmers assign varied initial values to an object at the creation time.

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    class Employee {

    public:
    int age;

    // Parameterized constructor

    Employee(int x) {

    /* Age assigned to value passed as an argument

    while object declaration.*/

    age = x;

    };

    int main() {

    /* Object c1 declared with argument 40, which

    gets assigned to age.*/

    Employee c1(40);

    Employee c2(30);

    Employee c3(50);

    cout << c1.age << "\n";

    cout << c2.age << "\n";

    cout << c3.age << "\n";

    return 0;

    Output
    Study of Copy Constructor

    A Copy constructor is a type of constructor used to create a copy of an already existing object of

    a class type. The compiler provides a default Copy Constructor to all the classes. A copy

    constructor comes into the picture whenever there is a need for an object with the same values for

    data members as an already existing object. A copy constructor is invoked when an existing

    object is passed as a parameter

    #include<iostream>

    using namespace std;

    class Employee {

    private:

    // Data members

    int salary, experience;

    public:

    // Parameterized constructor

    Employee(int x1, int y1) {

    salary = x1;
    experience = y1;

    // Copy constructor

    Employee(Employee &new_employee) {

    salary = new_employee.salary;

    experience = new_employee.experience;

    void display() {

    cout << "Salary: " << salary << endl;

    cout << "Years of experience: " << experience << endl;

    };

    // main function

    int main() {

    // Parameterized constructor

    Employee employee1(34000, 2);

    // Copy constructor

    Employee employee2 = employee1;

    cout << "Employee1 using parameterized constructor : \n";

    employee1.display();

    cout << "Employee2 using copy constructor : \n";

    employee2.display();

    return 0;

    Output
    Implementation of Constructors and Destructors in C++

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    class Department {

    public:

    Department() {

    // Constructor is defined.

    cout << "Constructor Invoked for Department class" << endl;

    ~Department() {

    // Destructor is defined.

    cout << "Destructor Invoked for Department class" << endl;

    };
    class Employee {

    public:

    Employee() {

    // Constructor is defined.

    cout << "Constructor Invoked for Employee class" << endl;

    ~Employee() {

    // Destructor is defined.

    cout << "Destructor Invoked for Employee class" << endl;

    };

    int main(void) {

    // Creating an object of Department.

    Department d1;

    // Creating an object of Employee.

    Employee e2;

    return 0;

    Output
    C++ Constructor Overloading Example

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    class ABC

    private:

    int x,y;

    public:

    ABC () //constructor 1 with no arguments

    x = y = 0;

    ABC(int a) //constructor 2 with one argument

    x = y = a;

    ABC(int a,int b) //constructor 3 with two argument

    x = a;
    y = b;

    void display()

    cout << "x = " << x << " and " << "y = " << y << endl;

    };

    int main()

    ABC cc1; //constructor 1

    ABC cc2(10); //constructor 2

    ABC cc3(10,20); //constructor 3

    cc1.display();

    cc2.display();

    cc3.display();

    return 0;

    } //end of program

    Output
    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    // class name: Rectangle

    class Rectangle {

    private:

    double length;

    double breadth;

    public:

    // parameterized constructor

    Rectangle(double l, double b) {

    length = l;

    breadth = b;

    double calculateArea() {

    return length * breadth;

    };

    int main() {

    // create objects to call constructors

    Rectangle obj1(10,6);

    Rectangle obj2(13,8);

    cout << "Area of Rectangle 1: " << obj1.calculateArea()<<endl;

    cout << "Area of Rectangle 2: " << obj2.calculateArea();

    return 0;

    }
    Output

    Modify the program with Copy Constructor

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    // class name: Rectangle

    class Rectangle {

    private:

    double length;

    double breadth;

    public:

    // parameterized constructor

    Rectangle(double l, double b) {

    length = l;

    breadth = b;

    }
    //Copy Constructor

    Rectangle(Rectangle &obj1)

    length = obj1.length;

    breadth = obj1.breadth; }

    double calculateArea() {

    return length * breadth;

    };

    int main() {

    // create objects to call constructors

    Rectangle obj1(10,6);

    Rectangle obj2(13,8);

    Rectangle obj3 = obj1;

    cout << "Area of Rectangle 1: " << obj1.calculateArea()<<endl; cout << "Area of Rectangle 2: "

    << obj2.calculateArea()<<endl; cout << "Area of Rectangle 3: " << obj3.calculateArea();

    return 0;

    Output

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