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IS/IEC 61196-1-107 (2005): Coaxial Communication Cables

Part 1-107 Electrical Test Methods -- Test for Cable
Microphony Charge Level(Mechanically Induced Noise) [LITD
6: Wires, Cables, Waveguides and Accessories]

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है”
ह
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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
 IS/IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005

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lek{k lapkj osQcy
Hkkx 1&107 bySfDVªdy ijh{k.k fofèk;k¡ —
osQcy ekbØksiQksuh pktZ Lrj ds fy, ijh{k.k
(;kaf=kdh çsjd 'kksj)

Indian Standard
COAXIAL COMMUNICATION CABLES
PART 1-107 ELECTRICAL TEST METHODS —
TEST FOR CABLE MICROPHONY CHARGE LEVEL
(MECHANICALLY INDUCED NOISE)

ICS 33.120.10

© BIS 2011
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Decem ber 2011 Price Group 4

Wires, Cables, Waveguides and Accessories Sectional Committee, LITD 06

NATIONAL FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Part 1-107) which is identical with IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005 ‘Coaxial communication
cables — Part 1-107: Electrical test methods — Test for cable microphony charge level (mechanically
induced noise)’ issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) was adopted by the
Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendation of the Wires, Cables, Waveguides and Accessories
Sectional Committee and approval of the Electronics and Information Technology Division Council.

The text of IEC Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as an Indian Standard without
deviations. Certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in the Indian Standards.
Attention is particularly drawn to the following:
a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring to this standard, they should be
read as ‘Indian Standard’.
b) Comma (,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the current practice
is to use a point (.) as the decimal marker.

In this adopted standard, reference appear to the following International Standard for which Indian
Standard also exists. The corresponding Indian Standard which is to be substituted in its place is
listed below along with its degree of equivalence for the edition indicated:

International Standard Corresponding Indian Standard Degree of Equivalence

IEC 61196-1 : 2005 Coaxial IS/IEC 61196-1 : 2005 Coaxial Identical
communication cables — Part 1: communication cables: Part 1
Generic specification — General, Generic specification — General,
definitions and requirements definitions and requirements

Only English language text has been retained while adopting it in this Indian Standard, and as such
the page numbers given here are not the same as in the IEC Standard.

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the
final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in
accordance with IS 2 : 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of
significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value
in this standard.
 IS/IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005

Indian Standard
COAXIAL COMMUNICATION CABLES
PART 1-107 ELECTRICAL TEST METHODS —
TEST FOR CABLE MICROPHONY CHARGE LEVEL
(MECHANICALLY INDUCED NOISE)

1 Scope

This part of IEC 61196 applies to coaxial communications cables. It specifies a test method to
determine the microphony charge level (mechanically induced noise), which is generated in a
cable when the cable is subjected to mechanical stress.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IEC 61196-1:2005, Coaxial communication cables – Part 1: Generic specification – General,

definitions and requirements

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 61196-1, as well as
the following, apply.

3.1
cable microphony charge level
logarithmic [20 log()] value of the ratio of the measured charge related to the elongation
∆L (m) to 1 µC/m

4 General

Coaxial cables, which are subjected to mechanical stresses such as shock, pulling force,
physical pressure or torsion, generate electrical charges which are noticeable as disturbing
currents or voltages on the cable.

These disturbances, referred to as “mechanically induced noises” or “cable microphony”, are

superimposed on the signals which the cable carries and become significant in the case of
low level signals.

The frequency range of these electro-mechanical transformations reaches up to about 20 kHz.

(In published literature, fast pulses up to the 1 GHz range are described but they are not
included here.)

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IS/IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005

The advantage of the described measuring procedure is the precisely defined and controlled
excitation of the cable sample under test and the reproducibility of the measuring results.

For a simplified classification of cables with different noise behaviour, the cable microphony
charge level in dB(µC/m) is introduced as a unit of measure, where 0 dB is 1 µC/m.

Specially designed cables have a microphony charge level of about –60 dB(µC/m), whereas
standard cables have a microphony charge level of about 0 dB(µC/m).

5 Test equipment

The test equipment is shown in Figure 1.

Components
1 Generator, 0 kHz to 20 kHz
4 5a 6a
2 Power amplifier
3 Vibrator
7 4 Accelerometer
5a Charge amplifier with extra double integration
5b Charge amplifier

1 2 3 5b 6b 6a Oscilloscope, elongation measurement

8 6b Oscilloscope, microphony charge (level)

measurement
7 Test rig
IEC 1066/99
8 Cable under test (CUT)

Figure 1 – Measurement set-up

6 Preparation of the test specimen

Three samples shall be taken from a 10 m length of finished cable, at least 1 m apart from
each other. One end of each sample shall be provided with a suitable connector.

The other end of each sample shall be prepared to provide a closed screen against disturbing
noises from the environment. About 25 mm of the jacket shall be removed, leaving the braid
intact. The braid(s) shall then be pulled back and a piece of the dielectric and inner conductor
shall be cut squarely. The braid(s) shall be pulled back and soldered without contact to the
inner conductor. Where the braid wire is not easily soldered, a mechanical crimp of
conducting material may be used.

7 Procedure

The cable under test is fixed at one end to the membrane of a vibrator and stretched with a
defined weight using special clamping jaws similar to a collet chuck (see 8.1). The free end of
the cable is connected to a charge amplifier.

The vibrator, which is fed with a sinusoidal signal, varies the stress on the cable under test
along its longitudinal axis. In this way, both effects, the piezoelectric effect by strain in the
dielectric and the tribo-electric effect by relative movement of the cable braid and dielectric,
are stimulated and can be measured by only one measuring procedure.

2
 IS/IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005

The extension of the cable is measured and controlled by measuring the displacement of the
vibrator with an accelerometer. The accelerometer is fixed to the vibrator plate and connected
to one of the charge amplifiers. The output of the charge amplifier provides a voltage which is
proportional to the elongation of the cable by double integration of the accelerometer signal.

The cable under test is connected to an additional charge amplifier. The output of this charge
amplifier provides a voltage which is proportional to the charge in the cable under test and
may be connected to an oscilloscope or to a PC.

8 Measurement precautions

8.1 Fixing and mechanical pre-loading of the cable

The cable sample shall be fixed using special clamping jaws similar to a collet chuck. Care
shall be taken when fixing the sample so that induced torsion and undefined mechanical pre-
loading are avoided. Depending on torsion and/or pre-loading, different results of cable
microphony will be obtained. The sample may become compressed, which will cause errors in
the test results; therefore, a defined mechanical pre-loading is required for repeatable results.

The defined mechanical pre-loading is obtained by using a guide pulley and a weight in
combination with the clamping jaws. Unless otherwise specified in the relevant cable
specification, a weight of 500 g is useful for cables with outer diameters up to 5 mm and a
weight of 1 kg for cables up to 10 mm outer diameters.

In order to avoid the cable sample hanging slack in the test rig with undefined mechanical
pre-loading, it is recommended that the test rig is designed in such a way that the cable
sample is mounted vertically.

8.2 Elongation

The maximum relative elongation ∆L/L of the cable under test shall be within the dynamic
range of the cable in order to imitate a practical application, so that the cable is not destroyed
during the test procedure. In this dynamic range of relative elongation ∆L/L, of about 0,4 ‰
maximum the measured values show a linear increase with increasing relative elongation
∆L/L.

8.3 Mechanical resonances

Under ideal conditions, the measured charge shows linear behaviour against frequency up to
approximately 20 kHz in the dynamic range of relative elongation ∆L/L of the cable sample.

Depending on the individual measuring set-up, at some frequencies, mechanical resonances

may occur, which are superimposed on the measured cable microphony and will corrupt the
results.

These mechanical resonances will be visible as peaks in the measured curve against
frequency. At these frequencies, the measured values are not valid.

To avoid mechanical resonances, attention should be paid to the rigid mounting of the
vibrator, and to the fixing points of the cable sample using only a few components having
short lever arms.

A ground plate of solid steel, mounted on a solid base, is recommended.

The preferred frequency range of excitation is 50 Hz to 200 Hz.

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IS/IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005

8.4 Reproducibility

As cable microphony varies along the length of the cable, reproducibility within reach of the
given measurement procedure is about factor 2 respectively within 6 dB. Where higher
reproducibility is required, the number of samples under test should be increased and
statistical procedures should be applied.

8.5 Earth loops

Earth loops shall be avoided and in order to avoid unwanted earth loops, the charge
amplifiers may be battery powered.

The frame of the test rig should act as a static screen to prevent the cable under test from
disturbing environmental noises.

9 Measurement conditions

The relative elongation ∆L/L of the cable sample shall be in the range of 0,1 ‰ to 0,5 ‰,
unless otherwise stated in the relevant cable specification.

Measurements shall be performed in a temperature range from 18 °C to 23 °C, unless

otherwise stated in the relevant cable specification.

The frequency range of excitation shall be 50 Hz to 200 Hz, unless otherwise stated in the
relevant cable specification.

The variation coefficient, caused by mechanical resonances, shall be ≤10 % over the whole
measured frequency range.

Three measurements shall be taken with each of the three different cable samples.

10 Expression of results

The correlation between acceleration a and distance s of the relative elongation ∆L/L of the
cable sample is given by

(
s = s o × sin ωt + θ ) (1)

d 2s
a= = − so × ω 2 × sin(ωt + θ ) (2)
dt 2

ao = (2π × f )2 × so (3)

The quotient of charge Q R can be obtained as

Q R = Q meas /(L • ∆L/L) = Q meas /∆L (4)

where
Q meas is the measured charge, in micro coulombs (µC);
∆L is the elongation of the cable sample in metres (m);

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 IS/IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005

L is the length of excitation, in metres (m);

∆L/L is the relative elongation of the cable sample.

The mean value of the quotient of charge Q Rm shall be the mean value of the three measured
quotients of charge Q R .

For an easy classification of low noise cables, this mean quotient of charge Q Rm is converted
to a logarithmic value defined as the cable microphony charge level where 0 dB is 1 µC/m
with:

Q = –20log (Q Rm /(1 µC/m)) (dB(µC/m)) (5)

11 Test report

The test report shall give the following test conditions:

• length of excitation L;
• relative elongation ∆L/L;
• test frequency;
• preload weight
and record the cable microphony charge level in dB(µC/m).

12 Requirements

The measured value of the cable microphony charge level shall not exceed the value which is
indicated in the relevant cable specification.

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IS/IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005
Annex A
(informative)

Measurement on delivery length

To determine the distribution of the cable microphony charge level over the cable length, it is
possible to make measurements on delivered lengths of cable.

Cable lengths up to 1 000 m are of negligible influence to the test results if the input
impedance of the charge amplifier is significantly lower than the total capacitive impedance of
the cable under test. The section of the cable under test may be at the beginning, in the
middle, or at the end of the total cable length. A suitable test rig to measure the cable
microphony charge level on delivered lengths is shown in Figure A.1.

The test rig consists of three pulleys (2) to guide the cable. Two of them are fixed to the frame
of the rig and one is fixed to the vibrator. The cable in the test rig may then be pulled forwards
and backwards.

During the test, the cable shall be fixed with the clamping jaws (5) and the clamp on the
vibrator pulley (6). To straighten the cable length under test and to obtain a defined pre-
loading, first the cable in the left clamping jaw (5) is fixed, then the pre-loading weight (8) is
attached and the second clamping jaw (5) is fixed.

Pre-loading shall be achieved in such a way that the cable is straightened but the vibrator is
still in its rest position.

Finally, the clamp of the vibrator pulley (6) is fixed. If the cable is not fixed on the vibrator
pulley (6), the length under test cannot be compressed during the test while the vibrator is
running.

The cable length of excitation L is the length between the two clamping jaws.

6
 IS/IEC 61196-1-107 : 2005

1 3

4
2 2 2

Oscilloscope

7
8
5 5 5

6
9

10
IEC 1067/99

11

Components
1 Cable drum 7 Charge amplifier with extra double
integration
2 Guide pulleys 8 Pre-loading weight
3 Cable under test 9 Generator
4 Charge amplifier 10 Accelerometer
5 Clamping jaws 11 Vibrator
6 Clamp

Figure A.1 – Principle test set-up for measurement on delivery length

___________

7
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This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: LITD 06 (2075).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

______________________________________________________________________________________
Amendment No. Date of Issue Text Affected
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

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