Upgrade Oracle database

manually from 12c to 19c

1. Install Oracle 19.3.0.0 binaries
I have already completed the installation of 19c, Refer here for step by step
installation of Oracle 19.3.0.0 on Linux 7 64bit.
2. Prerequisite for Autoupgrade
Download the latest autoupgrade.jar file
Autoupgrade utility autoupgrade.jar file exists by default
under $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin directory from Oracle 19.3 release
onwards, however Oracle strongly recommends to download the latest
AutoUpgrade version before doing the upgrade. Click here to download the
latest version.
Replace the autoupgrade.jar with the latest version downloaded

[oracle@new19c ~]$ mv $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar

$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar-bkp
[oracle@new19c ~]$ cp /tmp/autoupgrade.jar $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/
[oracle@new19c ~]$
[oracle@new19c ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar
-version build.hash e84c9c2
build.version 19.10.0
build.date 2020/10/23 10:36:46
build.max_target_version 19
build.supported_target_versions 12.2,18,19
build.type production

Java version
Java version should be 8 or later, which is available by default in Oracle
Database homes from release 12.1.0.2 and latest.

[oracle@new19c temp]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -version

java version "1.8.0_201"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)
[oracle@new19c temp]$

3. Create the config file

Create a directory to hold all upgrade config and log files.

[oracle@new19c ~]$ mkdir /u01/19c-autoupg

[oracle@new19c ~]$ cd /u01/19c-autoupg

Create the sample config file

cd /u01/19c-autoupg
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin
$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -create_sample_file
config

--output
[oracle@new19c ~]$ cd /u01/19c-autoupg
[oracle@new19c 19c-autoupg]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
[oracle@new19c 19c-autoupg]$ export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin
[oracle@new19c 19c-autoupg]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -create_sample_file config
Created sample configuration file /u01/19c-autoupg/sample_config.cfg

Modify the config file

Copy the sample config file and make the necessary changes as per the database
environment.

cd /u01/19c-autoupg
cp sample_config.cfg cdbdev_db_config.cfg
vi cdbdev_db_config.cfg

This is the config file I used for upgrade:

[oracle@new19c 19c-autoupg]$ cat cdbdev_db_config.cfg

global.autoupg_log_dir=/u01/19c-autoupg/upg_logs
#
# Database cdbdev
#
upg1.dbname=cdbdev
upg1.start_time=NOW
upg1.source_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/
upg1.target_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
upg1.sid=cdbdev
upg1.log_dir=/u01/19c-autoupg/upg_logs/cdbdev
upg1.upgrade_node=new19c
upg1.target_version=19.3
upg1.run_utlrp=yes
upg1.timezone_upg=yes

4. Analyze the database

Autoupgrade Analyze mode checks your database to see if it is ready for the
upgrade. This will reads data from the database and does not perform any
updates.
Execute autoupgrade in analyze mode with the below syntax,

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin
cd /u01/19c-autoupg
$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -config
cdbdev_db_config.cfg -mode ANALYZE

Output

[oracle@new19c 19c-autoupg]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar

$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -config cdbdev_db_config.cfg -mode ANALYZE
AutoUpgrade tool launched with default options
Processing config file ...
+--------------------------------+
| Starting AutoUpgrade execution |
+--------------------------------+
1 databases will be analyzed
Type 'help' to list console commands
upg> lsdg
Unrecognized cmd: lsdg
upg> lsj
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED|
MESSAGE|
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
| 100| cdbdev|PRECHECKS|PREPARING|RUNNING|20/11/19 03:27|03:27:28|Loading database
information|
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
Total jobs 1

upg> Job 100 completed

------------------- Final Summary --------------------
Number of databases [ 1 ]

Jobs finished successfully [1]

Jobs failed [0]
Jobs pending [0]
------------- JOBS FINISHED SUCCESSFULLY -------------
Job 100 for cdbdev

[oracle@new19c 19c-autoupg]$

We can monitor, manage and control the jobs from the autoupgrade console.
Example:
lsj – to list the jobs
status – to show the job status
tasks – shows the tasks executing
All Analyze logs are created under autoupg_log_dir

[oracle@new19c 100]$ cd /u01/19c-autoupg/upg_logs/cdbdev/cdbdev/100/prechecks/

[oracle@new19c prechecks]$ ls -l
total 536
-rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 5051 Nov 19 03:28 cdbdev_checklist.cfg
-rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 18050 Nov 19 03:28 cdbdev_checklist.json
-rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 17101 Nov 19 03:28 cdbdev_checklist.xml
-rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 36704 Nov 19 03:28 cdbdev_preupgrade.html
-rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 17649 Nov 19 03:28 cdbdev_preupgrade.log
-rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 158030 Nov 19 03:28 prechecks_cdb_root.log
-rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 140241 Nov 19 03:28 prechecks_pdbdev.log
-rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 139243 Nov 19 03:28 prechecks_pdb_seed.log
[oracle@new19c prechecks]$

We can review the html file (cdbdev_preupgrade.html) which will list all
precheck Errors, warnings and recommendations.
5. Deploy the upgrade
Autoupgrade Deploy mode performs the actual upgrade of the database from
preugrade source database analysis to post-upgrade checks.
Note: Before deploying the upgrade, you must have a backup plan in place.
Execute the autoupgrade in DEPLOY mode using the below syntax,

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1export
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bincd /u01/19c-autoupg$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -config cdbdev_db_config.cfg -mode DEPLOY

Once the upgrade process is started consider monitoring the logs to see the
progress of the upgrade. Autoupgrade logs are available under,

/u01/19c-autoupg/upg_logs/cdbdev/cdbdev/101/dbupgrade

Output

[oracle@new19c 19c-autoupg]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar

$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -config cdbdev_db_config.cfg -mode DEPLOY
AutoUpgrade tool launched with default options
Processing config file ...
+--------------------------------+
| Starting AutoUpgrade execution |
+--------------------------------+
1 databases will be processed
Type 'help' to list console commands

upg> tasks
+--+-------------+-------------+
|ID| NAME| Job#|
+--+-------------+-------------+
| 1| main| WAITING|
|35| jobs_mon| WAITING|
|36| console| RUNNABLE|
|37| queue_reader| WAITING|
|38| cmd-0| WAITING|
|54|job_manager-0| WAITING|
|56| event_loop|TIMED_WAITING|
|57| bqueue-101| WAITING|
|61| quickSQL| RUNNABLE|
+--+-------------+-------------+
upg>
upg> logs
AutoUpgrade logs folder [/u01/19c-autoupg/upg_logs/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto]
logs folder [cdbdev][/u01/19c-autoupg/upg_logs/cdbdev/cdbdev]

upg> lsj
+----+-------+---------+---------+--------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED|
MESSAGE|
+----+-------+---------+---------+--------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
| 101| cdbdev|PREFIXUPS|EXECUTING|FINISHED|20/11/19 03:46|03:48:44|Loading database
information|
+----+-------+---------+---------+--------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
Total jobs 1

upg> lsj
+----+-------+-----+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME|STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+-----+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------------------+
| 101| cdbdev|DRAIN|EXECUTING|RUNNING|20/11/19 03:46|03:48:52|Shutting down database|
+----+-------+-----+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------------------+
Total jobs 1

upg> status
---------------- Config -------------------
User configuration file [/u01/19c-autoupg/cdbdev_db_config.cfg]
General logs location [/u01/19c-autoupg/upg_logs/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto]
Mode [DEPLOY]
DB upg fatal errors ORA-00600,ORA-07445
DB Post upgrade abort time [60] minutes
DB upg abort time [1440] minutes
DB restore abort time [120] minutes
DB GRP abort time [3] minutes
------------------------ Jobs ------------------------
Total databases in configuration file [1]
Total Non-CDB being processed [0]
Total CDB being processed [1]
Jobs finished successfully [0]
Jobs finished/aborted [0]
Jobs in progress [1]
Jobs stage summary
Job ID: 101
DB name: cdbdev
SETUP <1 min
GRP <1 min
PREUPGRADE <1 min
PRECHECKS <1 min
PREFIXUPS 1 min
DRAIN <1 min
DBUPGRADE 12 min (IN PROGRESS)
------------ Resources ----------------
Threads in use [32]
JVM used memory [115] MB
CPU in use [13%]
Processes in use [18]

upg> lsj
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+--------------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+--------------------+
| 101| cdbdev|DBUPGRADE|EXECUTING|RUNNING|20/11/19 03:46|04:38:42|70%Upgraded CDB$ROOT|
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+--------------------+
Total jobs 1

upg> /
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+--------------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+--------------------+
| 101| cdbdev|DBUPGRADE|EXECUTING|RUNNING|20/11/19 03:46|06:31:20|95%Upgraded PDB$SEED|
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+--------------------+
Total jobs 1

upg> /
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-------------+
| 101| cdbdev|POSTFIXUPS|EXECUTING|RUNNING|20/11/19 03:46|06:38:37|Remaining 1/9|
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-------------+
Total jobs 1

upg> /
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED|
MESSAGE|
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
| 101| cdbdev|POSTFIXUPS|EXECUTING|RUNNING|20/11/19 03:46|06:43:37|Loading database
information|
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------
+----------------------------+
Total jobs 1

upg> /
+----+-------+-----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+---------------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+-----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+---------------------+
| 101| cdbdev|POSTUPGRADE|EXECUTING|RUNNING|20/11/19 03:46|06:45:16|Creating final SPFILE|
+----+-------+-----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+---------------------+
Total jobs 1

upg> /
+----+-------+-----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+-----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------+
| 101| cdbdev|POSTUPGRADE|EXECUTING|RUNNING|20/11/19 03:46|06:46:01|Restarting|
+----+-------+-----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+----------+
Total jobs 1

upg> Job 101 completed

------------------- Final Summary --------------------
Number of databases [ 1 ]

Jobs finished successfully [1]

Jobs failed [0]
Jobs pending [0]
------------- JOBS FINISHED SUCCESSFULLY -------------
Job 101 for cdbdev

---- Drop GRP at your convenience once you consider it is no longer needed ----
Drop GRP from cdbdev: drop restore point AUTOUPGRADE_9212_CDBDEV122010

[oracle@new19c 19c-autoupg]$

Check the upg_summary.log

Oracle Database Release 19 Post-Upgrade Status Tool 11-19-2020 06:30:0
Container Database: CDBDEV
[CON_ID: 2 => PDB$SEED]

Component Current Full Elapsed Time

Name Status Version HH:MM:SS

Oracle Server VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:34:10

JServer JAVA Virtual Machine VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:02:25
Oracle XDK VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:01:19
Oracle Database Java Packages VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:10
OLAP Analytic Workspace VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:55
Oracle Label Security VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:11
Oracle Database Vault VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:03:00
Oracle Text VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:42
Oracle Workspace Manager VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:52
Oracle Real Application Clusters OPTION OFF 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:00
Oracle XML Database VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:03:32
Oracle Multimedia VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:46
Spatial VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:09:15
Oracle OLAP API VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:26
Datapatch 00:04:50
Final Actions 00:05:11
Post Upgrade 00:02:06
Post Compile 00:11:29

Total Upgrade Time: 01:17:50 [CON_ID: 2 => PDB$SEED * ]

Asterisks denotes compilation time has been included during the upgrade process.

Database time zone version is 26. It is older than current release time
zone version 32. Time zone upgrade is needed using the DBMS_DST package.

Upgrade Times Sorted In Descending Order

Total Upgrade Time: 01:17:50 [CON_ID: 2 => PDB$SEED * ]

Total Upgrade Time: 01:06:31 [CON_ID: 1 => CDB$ROOT]
Total Upgrade Time: 01:06:12 [CON_ID: 3 => PDBDEV]
Grand Total Upgrade Time: [0d:2h:42m:43s]
[oracle@new19c dbupgrade]$

Timezone file upgrade and database recompilation has already completed by the
autoupgrade utility as the below values are adjusted as “yes” in the config file,
upg1.run_utlrp=yes =yes # yes(default) to run utlrp as part of upgrade
upg1.timezone_upg=yes # yes(default) to upgrade timezone if needed

Check the Timezone version

SQL> SELECT VERSION FROM V$TIMEZONE_FILE;

VERSION
----------
32

SQL>

Check the db details

SQL> select name, open_mode, version, status from v$database, v$instance;

NAME OPEN_MODE VERSION STATUS

--------- -------------------- ----------------- ------------
CDBDEV READ WRITE 19.0.0.0.0 OPEN

SQL>

6. Post-upgrade task
Once the upgrade is successful and all testing is done, drop the restore point.
Drop the Guaranteed restore point

SQL> select name from v$restore_point;

NAME
------------------------------
AUTOUPGRADE_9212_CDBDEV122010
SQL>
SQL> drop restore point AUTOUPGRADE_9212_CDBDEV122010;
Restore point dropped.
SQL>

Change the compatible parameter

Note: After the upgrade, database has to be tested properly before updating the
compatible parameter. Once the parameter is updated database cannot be
downgraded.

show parameter compatible

alter system set compatible='19.0.0' scope=spfile;
shutdown immediate;
startup;
show parameter compatible

--output
SQL> show parameter compatible

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
compatible string 12.2.0
noncdb_compatible boolean FALSE
SQL> alter system set compatible='19.0.0' scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1560278096 bytes

Fixed Size 9135184 bytes
Variable Size 973078528 bytes
Database Buffers 570425344 bytes
Redo Buffers 7639040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
SQL> show parameter compatible

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
compatible string 19.0.0
noncdb_compatible boolean FALSE
SQL>
It’s Done. Database is successfully upgraded from 12c to 19c