Contents ENGLISH

Display ...............................................................................................................P.3
Getting Started
Power On, Off ...........................................................................................P.4
Display Contrast Adjustment .....................................................................P.4
Mode Selection .........................................................................................P.4
Application Function Menu (Apps Key) .....................................................P.5
Calculator Set-up Menu ............................................................................P.6
Before Using the Calculator ......................................................................P.8
Inputting Expressions and Values
Input Capacity ...........................................................................................P.9
Input Editing ..............................................................................................P.9
Inputting and Display Result in Mathematics Mode...................................P.10
Input Range and Error Messages .................................................................P.10
Order of Operations ................................................................................P.11
Calculation Stacks...................................................................................P.11
Error Messages and Error Locator ..........................................................P.11
Basic Calculations
Arithmetic Calculations............................................................................P.13
Memory Calculations...............................................................................P.13
Fraction Calculations...............................................................................P.14
Percentage Calculations .........................................................................P.15
Degree-Minutes-Seconds Calculations ...................................................P.15
Replay & Multi-statements ......................................................................P.15
Constant Value Calculations ...................................................................P.16
Metric Conversions .................................................................................P.16
Functional Scientific Calculations
Square, Root, Cube, Cube Root, Power, Power Root,
Reciprocal and Pi ....................................................................................P.17
Logarithm, Natural Logarithm, Antilogarithm and Logab.........................P.17
Angle Unit Conversion ............................................................................P.17
Trigonometry Calculations ......................................................................P.17
Permutation, Combination, Factorials and Random
Number Generation.................................................................................P.18
Produce (�) Calculation ..........................................................................P.18
Summation (∑) Calculation ....................................................................P.18
Maximum Value and Minimum Value Calculation ..................................P.18
Modulus After Division (Mod) Calculations ............................................P.19
Least Common Multiple and Greatest Common Divisor..........................P.19
Prime Fractorization ................................................................................P.19
Quotient and Remainder Calculations ....................................................P.19
Coordinate Conversion ...........................................................................P.20
Absolute Value Calculation .....................................................................P.20
Engineering Notation...............................................................................P.20
Display Values Exchange ......................................................................P.20
Complex Number Calculations................................................................P.21
Base-n Calculations and Logical Calculations ........................................P.22
Statistical Calculations
Statistical Type Selection ........................................................................P.22
Statistical Data Input ...............................................................................P.23
Editing Statistical Sample Data ...............................................................P.23
Statistical Calculation Screen..................................................................P.24
Statistical Menu .......................................................................................P.24
Statistical Calculation Example ...............................................................P.26
Distribution Calculations..........................................................................P.26
Equation Calculations.....................................................................................P.27
Solve Function.................................................................................................P.28
CALC Function ................................................................................................P.29
Differential Calculations .................................................................................P.30
Integration Calculations .................................................................................P.30
Matrix Calculations .........................................................................................P.31
Vector Calculations .........................................................................................P.33
Function (x, y) Table Calculation ..................................................................P.34
Battery Replacement.......................................................................................P.35
Advice and Precautions .................................................................................P.36
Specifications .................................................................................................P.36

2
 About Using the Manual
• This basic manual briefly introduce F-789SGA functions,
specification and usage precautions.
• To familiar with F-789SGA , you can read the Calculation
Examples for a series of examples, operation procedure’s; and the
calculation range of major functions.

How to use the slide cover

Open or close the cover by
sliding as shown in the figure.

Display

<Status Indicators>
S : Shift key
A : Alpha key
M : Independent Memory
STO : Store Memory
RCL : Recall Memory
STAT : 1-Var & 2-Var Statistics Mode
CPLX : Complex Number Calculation Mode
MATX : Matrix Calculation Mode
VCTR : Vector Calculation Mode
EQN : Equation Calculation Mode
D : Degree Mode
R : Radian Mode
G : Gradient Mode
FIX : Fixed-decimal Setting
SCI : Scientific Notation
LINE : Line Display Mode
: Up Arrow
: Down Arrow
Disp : Multi-statements Display

3
Getting Started
Power On, Off
First time operation:
1. Remove the battery insulation tab to load the battery.
2. Press to initialize the
calculator.

Power ON: When is pressed.

Power OFF: are pressed.

Auto Power off Function:

When the calculator is not used for approximately 7
minutes, it will automatically power off.

Display Contrast Adjustment

Press (6: CONT ), to enter the
Display Contrast Adjustment screen.

Press to make the display contrast darken.

Press to make the display contrast lighten.
Press or to confirm and clear the screen.

To initialize the LCD contrast, press

outside the Display Contrast Adjustment screen.

Mode Selection
Press to enter the Calculation Mode Selection
screen.

4
Operation Mode LCD
Indicator
COMP Normal calculations

CPLX Complex number calculation CPLX

Statistical and regression
STAT calculations STAT
Calculations involving specific
BASE number systems
EQN Equation solution EQN

TABLE Function table generation

MATX Matrix calculations MATX

VCTR Vector calculations VCTR

Initial mode is COMP mode.

Application Function Menu (Apps Key)

The Apps menu contains mathematical functions. In each
Calculation Mode, the listed functions are different.
Press and corresponding number to enter the calculation
mode. Apps
Press to enter the Apps menu.
Press / for next / previons pages.

i) COMP Mode ii) CPLX Mode

iii) STAT Mode

In SD mode In REG mode

iv) BASE Mode

Press [ ]
or [ ] key

5
v) EQN Mode

Press [ ]
or [ ] key

vi) MATX Mode

Press [ ]
or [ ] key

vii) VCTR Mode

Apps Apps
Press to exit the Apps menu.

Calculator Set-up Menu

Press to enter the Calculator Set-up Menu;
press / for next / previous page.

Press [ ]
or [ ] key

To select the calculator input & output format [1] Maths

or [2] Line
[1] Maths – (Mathematics mode): Mathematics mode
The majority of calculation input
and output (e.g. Fraction, pi,
square root number) are shown in
Mathematics textbook format.

[2] Line – (Line mode): The majority Line mode

LINE
of calculation input and output are
shown in the lines format. And
“LINE” icon will be shown.

For the STAT, EQN, MATX, VCTR mode, the Input & Display
format will switch to Line mode automatically.

6
To select the angle unit [3] Deg, [4] Rad or [5] Gra
[3] Deg: Angle unit in Degree
[4] Rad: Angle unit in Radian
[5] Gra: Angle unit in Gradient

90º = radians = 100grads

To select display digit or notation [6] Fix, [7] Sci or

[8] Norm
[6] Fix: Fixed Decimal, [Fix 0~9?] appears, specify the
number of decimal places by pressing [0] – [9].
Example: 220 ÷ 7 = 31.4286 (FIX 4)
= 31.43 (FIX 2)

[7] Sci: Scientific Notation, [Sci 0~9?] appears, specify

the number of significant digits by pressing [0] – [9].
Example: 220 ÷ 7 = 3.1429x101 (SCI 5)
= 3.143x101 (SCI 4)

[8] Norm: Exponential Notation, [Norm 1~2?] appears,

specify the exponential notation format by pressing [1]
or [2].

Norm 1: Exponential notation is automatically used for

integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal
values with more than TWO decimal points.

Norm 2: Exponential notation is automatically used for

integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal
values with more than NINE decimal places.

Example: 1 ÷ 1000 = 1x10-3 (Norm 1)

= 0.001 (Norm 2)

To select the fraction format [1] a b/c or [2] d/c

[1] a b/c: specify Mixed fraction display
[2] d/c: specify Improper fraction display

To select the complex number display format [3]

CLPX ([1] a+bi or [2] r< )
[1] a+bi: specify Rectangular Coordinates
[2] r< : specify Polor Coordinates
7
 To select the statistical display format [4] STAT
([1] ON or [2] OFF)
[1] ON: Show FREQ (Frequency) Column in Statistical
Data Input Screen
[2] OFF: Hide FREQ (Frequency) Column in Statistical
Data Input Screen

To select the decimal point display format [5] Disp

([1] Dot or [2] Comma)
[1] Dot: specify dot format for Decimal point result display
[2] Comma: specify comma format for Decimal point
result display

To Adjust Display contrast [6] CONT

Refer to the “Display Contrast Adjustment” section.

Before Using the Calculator

Check the current Calculation Mode
Be sure to check the status indicators that indicate the
current calculation mode (COMP, STAT, TABLE), display
formats setting and angle unit setting (Deg, Rad, Gra)

Return to initial setup

Press (YES) to return the initial
calculator setup
Calculation mode : COMP
Input/Output Format : Maths
Angle unit : Deg
Display Digits : Norm 1
Fraction Display Format : d/c
Statistical Data Input : OFF
Decimal Point format : Dot
This action will not clear the variable memories.

Initialize the calculator

When you are not sure of the current calculator setting, you
are recommended to initialize the calculator (resets
calculation mode “COMP”, angle unit “Degree”, clears reply
and variable memories), and resets LCD contrast) by
performing the following key operations:
(All) (YES) .

8
 Inputting Expressions and Values
Input Capacity
F-789SGA allows you to input a single calculation with up to 99
bytes. When input capacity is less than 10bytes, the input cursor
will change from “ ” to “ ” signaling that the memory is
running now.

Input Editing
New Input begins on the left of display. When the input data
is more than 15 characters (Line Mode) / 16 characters
(Maths mode), the line will scroll to the right consecutively.
You can scroll back to the left by using and to review
the input.
Omit the multiplication sign and final close parenthesis.

Example: 2 x log 100 x (1+3) = 16 ....... EX #1

*1. Omit multiplication sign (x)

- Input before an open parentheses : 1 x (2+3)
- Input before scientific functions that includes parenthesis: 2 x
cos(30)
- Input before Random number function
- Input before Variable (A, B, C, D, X, Y, M), π, θ
*2. Scientific functions come with the open parenthesis. Example:
sin(, cos(, Pol(, LCM(…. You need to input the argument and the
close parenthesis .
*3. Omit the last close parenthesis before the , , ,
and .
Insert and Overwrite Input mode
In Line mode, you can use INSERT or overwrite mode for
inputting.
- In Insert mode (Default input mode), the cursor is a vertical
flashing line “ ” for inserting a new character.
- In Overwrite mode, press key to switch the cursor to a
flashing horizontal “ _ ” and replace the character at the current
cursor position.
In Mathematics mode, you can only use the insert mode.
Whenever the display format changes from Line mode to Mathematics
mode, it will automatically switch to the insert mode.

9
 Deleting and Correcting an Expression
In Insert mode: Move the cursor to the right of the character or
function that needs to be deleted, then press .
In Overwrite mode: Move the cursor under the character or
function being deleted, then press .
Example: 1234567 + 889900
(1) Replace an entry (1234567 1234560) ...... EX #2
(2) Deletion (1234567 134567)....... EX #3
(3) Insertion (889900 2889900) ....... EX #4

Inputting and Display Result in Mathematics Mode

In Mathematic Mode, the Input and display result of fraction
or certain functions (log, x2, x3, x , , 3 , , x-1,10 , e ,
Abs) is shown in Handwriting/Mathematics format.
EX #5
NOTE
(1) Some input expressions cause the height of a
calculation expression to be greater than one display
screen. Maximum input capacity: 2 display screens
(31 dots x 2).
(2) Calculator memory limits how many functions or
parentheses can be input in any single expression. In
this case, divide the expression into multiple parts
and calculate separately.
(3) If part of the expression you input is cut off after
calculation and in the result display screen, you can
press or to view the full expression.

Input Range and Error Messages

Calculation Precision, Input Range please refer to ... EX #6
• Errors are cumulative in the case of consecutive
calculations, this is also true as internal consecutive
calculation are performed in the case of ^(xy), x y, 3 , x!,
nPr, nCr , etc. and may become large.
Display of results using
Calculation results may be displayed using when in all of the
following cases:
1. When intermediate and final calculation results are displayed
in the following form:

2. When the number of terms in the intermediate and final

calculation result involving is one or two.
10
Order of Operations
This calculator will automatically determine the operation
priority of each individual command as EX #7

Calculation Stacks
This calculator uses memory areas, called “stacks”, to
temporarily store numeric value (numbers) commands (+, –,
x…) and functions according to their precedence during
calculations.
The numeric stack has 10 levels and command stack has
128 levels. A stack error [Stack ERROR] occurs whenever
you try to perform a calculation that exceeds the capacity of
stacks.
Calculations are performed in sequence according to “Order
of Operations”. After the calculation is performed, the stored
stack values will be released.

Error Messages and Error locator

The calculator is locked up while an error message is shown on
the display to indicate the cause of the error.
Press to clear the error message, then return to the
initial display of latest mode.
Press or to display input expression with the cursor
positioned next to the error.
Press to clear the error message, replay memory history
and return to the initial display of the latest mode.

11
Error Message Cause Action
Math ERROR • The intermediate or final • Check the input values and
result is outside the make sure they are all
allowable calculation range. within the allowable
• An attempt to perform a ranges, Pay special
calculation using a value attention to values in any
that exceeds the allowable using memory areas
input range.
• An attempt to perform an
illogical operation (division
by zero, etc.)
Stack ERROR • The capacity of the numeric • Simplify the calculation.
stack or operator stack is • Divide the calculation into
exceeded. two or more separate
parts.
Syntax ERROR • An attempt to perform an • Press or to display
illegal mathematical the cursor at the location
operation. of the error, make
appropriate corrections
Insufficient • The calculation result of • Narrow the table
MEM Function Table mode calculation range by
parameters caused more changing the start, end,
than 30 x-values to be and step values, and try
generated for a table again.
Dimension • The dimension (row • Press or to display
ERROR column) is over. the location of the cause of
(only in Matrix • An attempt to perform an an error and make
or Vector) illegal matrix/vector required corrections.
operation.

Can’t Solve • The calculator could not • Check for errors in the
ERROR obtain a solution. equation that you input.
(only in SOLVE • Input a value for the
function) solution variable that is
close to the expected
solution and try again.

Variable • Equation is not a correct • Correct the equation to

ERROR equation. include variable X.
(only in SOLVE • Equation does not include • Correct the equation to
function) variable X. match the solution variable
• The solution variable is not and expression.
similar to the specified (refer to P.49)
variable in the expression.

Time Out • The calculation ends • Revise the ending condition

ERROR without the ending condition and try again.
(only in being fulfilled. (refer P.51-52)
Differential or
integration
Calculations

Argument • Improper use of an • Press or to display

ERROR argument. the location of the cause of
an error and make required
corrections.

12
 Basic Calculations
Press to enter COMP mode.
During the busy calculation, the calculator shows the
message [PROCESSING] (without any calculation
result). Press key to interrupt the calculating
operation.

Arithmetic Calculations
• To calculate the negative values (exclude the negative
exponent) enclose then within the parentheses.
• This calculator supports 99 levels of parenthetical
expression. ...... EX #8

Memory Calculations
Memory Variables
• There are 19 memory variables (0 – 9, A – F, M, X and
Y), which store data, results, or dedicated values.
• Store values into memory by pressing + Memory
variable.
• Recall memory values by pressing + Memory
variable.
• Memory content can be cleared by pressing
+ Memory variable.

Example: 23 + 7 A (30 store into A), calculate 2 sinA

and clear memory A ...... EX #9

Independent Memory
• Independent memory uses the same memory area
as variable M. It is convenient for calculating cumulative
totals by pressing (add to memory) or (subtract
from memory).
• Memory contents are retained even when the calculator
is powered off.
• Clear independent memory (M) by pressing

• Clear all memory values by pressing 2(MCL)

.

13
Answer Memory
• The input values or the most recent calculation result will
be automatically stored into Answer memory whenever
you press , , , , . Answer
memory can hold up to 18 digits.
• Recall and use the latest stored Answer memory by
pressing .
• Answer memory is not updated when an error operation
has been performed.
• Answer memory contents can be maintained even after
pressing , changing the calculation mode, or turning
off the calculator. ...... EX #10

Fraction Calculations
The calculator supports Fraction calculation and the
conversions between Fraction, Decimal point, Mixed fraction
and Improper fraction.
• Specify the fraction calculation result display format by
selecting either mixed fraction ( ) or improper fraction
( ) in set-up menu.
• At the default setting, fractions are displayed as improper
fractions ( ).
• Mixed Fraction display results are only available after
selecting ( ) in the setup menu.

Improper Fraction Mixed Fraction

(d/c) (a b/c)
11 2
Maths Mode 3
3 3

Line Mode 11_|3 3_|2_|3

Press to switch a calculation result between fraction and

decimal format.
Press to switch a calculation result between
improper fraction and mixed fraction format.
Result will be displayed in decimal format automatically
whenever the total digit of a fractional value (integer +
numerator + denominator + separator marks) exceeds 10.
When a fraction calculation is mixed with decimal values, the
result will be displayed in decimal format.

Fraction Decimal point conversion ...... EX #11

14
Percentage Calculations
EX #12

Degree-Minutes-Seconds Calculations
Use degrees (hours), minutes and seconds key to perform
a sexagesimal (base-60 notational system) calculation or
convert the sexagesimal value into decimal value.
Degree-Minutes-Seconds Decimal points...... EX #13

Replay & Multi-statements

Replay Memory Function
• Replay memory is only available in COMP mode.
• After the calculation is executed, the calculation input and
result will be stored in the replay memory automatically.
• Pressing (or ) can replay the performed calculation
input and result history.
• After obtaining the calculation result on the display,
press or to edit the input expression of that result.
• If the Indicator is on the right side of a calculation result
display, you need to press and then or to scroll
the calculation.
• Replay memory is cleared when you:
1. Initialize calculator setting by
2. Change from one calculation mode or display mode to
another.
3. Press key.
4. Press to power off the machine.

Multi-statements Function
• Use a colon to put two or more calculation expressions
together.
• The first executed statement will have “Disp” indicator; and
the “Disp” icon will disappeared after the last statement is
executed. ...... EX #14

15
 Constant Value Calculations
F-789SGA has total of 79 built-in constant values, you can enter
(or exit) the constant value selection menu by pressing ,
the following display will be shown:

Input 1 79 00
mp mn me mµ ao

• You can go to the next or previous value selection pages by

pressing or .
• To select a constant value simply press or . The
selection cursor will shift left or right to underline a constant
symbol and the lower line display will show the value of the
underlined constant symbol.
• The underlined constant symbol will be selected as you
press .
• You can instantly get the constant value if you input the
constant value item number and press when the
selection cursor is underlining 0 0. ...... EX #15

• Constant Table please refer ...... EX #16

Metric Conversions
The calculator has 172 conversion pairs which allows you to
convert a number to and from the specified metric units.
• Press enter the conversion menu.
• There are 8 category pages (distance, area, temperature,
capacity, weight, energy, pressure and speed) containing 36
metric symbols, you can press or to change the
category selection page.
• In a category page, you can shift the selection cursor left or
right by pressing or . ...... EX #17
• Go back to the calculation mode by pressing within the
category selection menu. After the base conversion unit,
, or keys will be invalid.
• If the converted result overflows, [ERROR] will be shown in the
lower display. Press to select the overflow value; the following
scenarios are valid:
Scenario A - Keep selecting the other conversion value by
pressing or .
Scenario B - Clear the screen and jump out of the selection
by pressing or .
Scenario C - Jump back to the previous calculation screen by
pressing .
Example: Convert 10 + (5 ft2 m2) = 10.4645152 ...... EX #18
16
 Functional Scientific Calculations
Press to enter COMP mode.
= 3.1415926535897932324
e = 2.7182818284590452324

Square, Root, Cube, Cube Root, Power, Power Root,

Reciprocal and Pi
EX #19

Logarithm, Natural logarithm, Antilogarithm and LogaSb

EX #20

Angle Unit Conversion

The default calculator angle unit setting is “Degree”. Press
to enter the setup menu to change the unit to “Radian” or “Gradient”,:

Press the corresponding number key , or for the

angle unit you need. Then the display will show the D , R , G
Indicator accordingly.
Convert an angle unit between “Degree”, “Radian” and
“Gradient” by pressing

Then, pressing , , or will convert the displayed

value into the selected angle unit. ....... EX #21

Trigonometry Calculations
Before using the trigonometric functions (except
hyperbolic calculations), select the appropriate angle unit
(Deg/Rad/Gra) by pressing .

Angle Unit Angle Value Input Input Value Range

Setting for form result
Deg Units of 15º
1
Rad Multiples of 12 radians
50
Gra Multiples of 3 grads

90º = Radians = 100 Gradients. ...... EX #22

17
 Hyperbolic (sinh/ cosh/ tanh), Inverse Hyperbolic
(sinh-1/cosh-1/tanh-1) functions
Pressing enter sub-hyperbolic menu.

...... EX #23
Permutation, Combination, Factorials and Random
Number Generation
Permutation:
Combination:
Factorial : ...... EX #24
Random Number Generation
: Generate a random number between 0.000 and
0.999. And the display result will be fraction format
in Maths mode status.

: Generate a random number between two specified

positive integers. The entry is divided by “.”
EX #25
*The value is only a sample, results will differ each time.

....... EX #26

....... EX #27
Maximum Value and Minimum Value Calculation

....... EX #28
18
 Modulus After Division (Mod) Calculation
....... EX #29

Least Common Multiple and Greatest Common Divisor

LCM: Calculate the least common multiple among
(maximum) three positive integers.
GCD: Calculate the greatest common divisor among
(maximum) three positive integers. ....... EX #30

Prime Factorization
• The factor a positive integer up to 10 digits into prime
factors up to the 3 digits.
Ptact Number : 0 < X < 99999 99999 (X is integer)
• The reminder part that cannot be factored will be
enclosed in parentheses on the display.
Example: 99999 99999 = 32 x 11 x 41 x 271 x (9091)
EX #31
NOTE:
• During any calculation operations, pressing or
or or key will exit the prime factorization
result display.
• Use the setup menu to change the angle unit setting
(Deg, Rad, Gra) or display digit setting (Fix, Sci, Norm).
• [Math ERROR] will be shown if decimal value, fraction,
negative value calculation result, or Pol, Rec, Q...R is
displayed.

Quotient and Remainder Calculations

“Quotient” (Q) is the result of a division problem, “Remainder”
(r) is the value remaining in an integer division problem.
The calculated quotient value (Q) and remainder (r) will be
stored into memory variables “C” and “D” automatically
assigned.
In Maths mode, press or to scroll a long calculation
result.
In Line mode, the quotient value (Q) and remainder (r) will be
shown over 2 line.
Only Quotient Value (Q) can continue to be used for the next
calculation or be stored into memory variables. ...... EX #32

19
Coordinate Conversion
With polar coordinates, you can calculate and Display θ
within the range of –180º < θ ≤ 180º. (Same as Radian and
Gradient)
In Maths mode, press or to scroll the through
calculation result.
In Line mode, (x,y) or (r, θ) will be shown over 2 lines.
After conversion, the results will automatically be assigned to
memory variables X and Y. Press or to show the
results.

Rectangular Coordinates Polar Coordinates (Pol)

(Rec)

: Convert rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar

coordinates (r, θ); Press for r, or
for θ. ...... EX #33

: Convert polar coordinates (r, θ) to rectangular

coordinates (x, y); Press for x, or
for y. ...... EX #34

Absolute Value Calculation

EX #35
Engineering Notation
EX #36
Display Values Exchange
In Maths mode, press to change the calculation result
value between fraction form Decimal form, form
Decimal form, √ form Decimal form.
In Line mode, press to ONLY change the calculation
result value between fraction form Decimal form, the other
and √ calculation will display the decimal value only.
EX #37
NOTE:
• In some Calculation results, pressing key will not
convert the display value.
• Some display result conversion may take a long time.
20
Complex Number Calculations Abs

Complex numbers can be expressed by rectangular form (z = a + bi)

or polar form (r ). Where " a " is the real number part, " bi " is the
imaginary number (and i is the imaginary unit equal to square root of
–1, -1), " r " is the absolute value, and " " is the argument of the
complex number.
Imaginary axis ( i )

0 3 Real axis

Press to enter CPLX mode.

Press Apps
to select the calculation type.
Complex Number type selection
Thre are 6 types of complex number calculations in the Complex
Number Type screen. Press the number to select the type of
Complex Number Calculation.

Check the current angle unit setting (Deg, Rad, Grad).

[ ] indicates the display result is the imaginary number,
[ ] indicates the display value is the argument value .
Imaginary numbers will use up replay memory capacity.

Rectangular Form and Polar Form Conversion

Press Apps can convert rectangular form complex numbers into
Apps
polar form; whereas press will convert polar form complex
number into rectangular form. ...... EX #38

Absolute Value and Argument Calculation

With the rectangular form complex number, you can calculate the
corresponding absolute value (r) or argument ( ) by pressing Abs
or Apps key respectively. ...... EX #39

Conjugate of a complex number

If the complex number is z = a + bi, the conjugate value of this
complex number should be z = a – bi. ...... EX #40

Determine the Real/Imaginary of complex number

EX #41
21
Base-n Calculations and Logical Calculations
Press MODE to enter Base-n mode.
Decimal (base 10), hexadecimal (base 16), binary (base 2), octal
(base 8), or logical calculations.
To select a specific number system in base mode, simply press
Decimal [DEC], Hexadecimal [HEX], Binary [BIN] or
Octal [OCT].
Apps
Press key to perform logical calculations including: Logic
connection [and] / [or], exclusive or [Xor], exclusive nor [Xnor],
argument complement [Not] and negation [Neg].
If the binary or octal calculation result is more than 8 digits,
will be displayed to indicate the result has a next block. Press
to loop between result blocks.
In Base-n mode all the scientific functions cannot be used, and
you cannot input the value with decimal places or exponents.
EX #42
Base-n Transformation ...... EX #43
Logical Operation ...... EX #44

Statistical Calculations
Press to enter Statistical calculation mode; the
“STAT” indicator lights up.
Apps
Press (Type) to select the calculation type.
Statistical Type Selection
There are 8 types of Statistical Calculation, after entering the
Statistical Type Selection screen, press the number to select
the type of Statistic Calculation.

Pressing Key Statistical Calculation

1 (SD) One-variable statistics (x)
2 (Lin) Two-variable, Linear regression (y= A+Bx)
3 (Quad) Two-variable, Quadratic regression (y=A +Bx + Cx2)
4 (Log) Two-variable, Logarithmic regression (y=AxBlnx)
5 (e EXP) Two-variable, E exponential regression (y=AeBx)
6 (ab EXP) Two-variable, ab Exponential regression (y=ABx)
7 (Pwr) Two-variable, Power regression (y=AxB)
8 (Inv) Two-variable, Inverse regression (y=A+B/x)
22
Statistical Data Input
After confirmed the calculation type in the Statistical Type
Apps
Selection screen or by pressing (Data) in the STAT
mode, the following Statistical Data Input screen will be shown.

1-variable STAT 2-variable STAT 1-variable STAT

”FREQ ON”
• After turning on Data Frequency in the setup menu, the
“FREQ” column will be added into the above screen.
• The following are the maximum number of lines for data input.

Statistic type FREQ ON FREQ OFF

Single Variable (only x input) 40 80
2 Variable (x & y input) 26 40

• Input expression and display result values in the Statistical

Data Input screen are in Line mode (same as Comp mode
with Line mode status).
• After inputted the data, press to store the value into
statistical registers and display the value (max. 6 digits) in the
cell. You can press cursor key to move the cursor between
each cell.

Editing Statistical Sample Data

Replacing the Data in a Cell
(1) In the Statistical Data Input screen, move the cursor to
the cell you want to edit.
(2) Input the new data value or expression, and press .
Deleting a Line
(1) In the Statistical Data Input screen, move the cursor to
the line you want to delete.
(2) Press
Inserting a Line
(1) In the Statistical Data Input screen, move the cursor to
the lineApps
that will be under the line being inserted.
(2) Press (Edit)
(3) Press (Ins)
Deleting AllApps
STAT Data Input
(1) Press (Edit)
(2) Press (Del-A)

23
Statistical Calculation Screen
After inputting the STAT Data, press to enter the
Statistical Calculation screen.
Statistical Calculation screen is in Line mode for input
& output display
Use the Statistical Menu to calculate the Statistical
result. (S-SUM, S-VAR, S-PTS, Reg).

Statistical Menu
In the Statistical Data Input screen or Statistical
Apps
Calculation screen, press to display the Statistical
Menu screen.

1-variable STAT 2-variable STAT

STAT items Description

[1] Type To enter the statistical calculation type screen

[2] Data To enter the statistical data input screen

[3] Edit To enter Edit sub-menu for editing STAT editor screen contents

[4] S-SUM To enter S-Sum sub-menu (Calculating sum)

[5] S-VAR To enter S-Var sub-menu (Calculating variable)

[6] S-PTS To enter S-PTS sub-menu (Calculating points)

[7] Distr To enter Distr sub-menu (Calculating distribution)

[8] Reg To enter Reg sub-menu (Regression vcalculation)

24
25
 Statistical Calculation Example
SD type Statistical calculation Example:
To calculate ∑x2, ∑x, n, x, x n, x n-1, minX, maxX of data: 75,
85, 90, 77, 79 in SD mode (Freq: OFF) ...... EX #45

Quadratic Regression type Statistical Calculation Example:

ABC Company investigate the effectiveness of the
advertisement expense in coded units, the following data was
obtained:

Advertisement expenses: X 18 35 40 21 19

Effectiveness: y (%) 38 54 59 40 38

Please use the regression to estimate the effectiveness

(estimate the value of y) if the advertisement expenses X=30,
and estimate the advertisement expenses level (estimate the
value of X1, X2) for effectiveness y = 50. ...... EX #46

Distribution Calculations
After sample data is entered in either Statistic (SD) or Regression
(REG) mode, you can perform the normal distribution or
probability distribution calculation such as P(t), Q(t) and R(t) in
which t is the variate of the probabilistic experiment.

Random variable

Mean of sample

Standard deviation

Press to display the distribution calculations screen.

Apps

1: P( 2: Q(
3: R( 4: t

Press , , or for the corresponding calculations.

26
 P(t): Probability below a P(t)
given point x
1 t–u 2
1 – ( )
P(t)= e 2 dt ,
2

Q(t): Probability below a Q(t)

given point x and above
the mean
Q ( t ) = 0.5 – R ( t ),

R(t): Probability above a R(t)

given point x

R ( t ) = 1 – P ( t ),

Example: Calculate the probability distribution P(t) for the sample

data: 20, 43, 26, 46, 20, 43, when x = 26. ...... EX #47

Equation Calculations
Press to enter the equation mode; press /
for next / previous pages.

Press [ ]
or [ ] key

Equation Item Description

[1] 2 unknow EQN Simultaneous Linear Equations with two unknowns

[2] 3 unknow EQN Simultaneous Linear Equations with three unknowns

[3] 4 unknow EQN Simultaneous Linear Equations with four unknowns

[4] Quad EQN Quadratic Equation, degree 2 equation

[5] Cubic EQN Cubic Equation, degree 3 equation

[6] Quartic EQN Quartic Equation, degree 4 equation

27
Simultaneous Linear Equations
Simultaneous Linear Equations with Two Unknowns:
a1x + b1y = c1
a2x + b2y = c2
Simultaneous Linear Equations with Three Unknowns:
a1x + b1y + c1z = d1
a2x + b2y + c2z = d2
a3x + b3y + c3z = d3
Simultaneous Linear Equations with Four Unknowns:
a1w + b1x + c1y + d1z = e1
a2w + b2x + c2y + d2z = e2
a3w + b3x + c3y + d3z = e3
a4w + b4x + c4y + d4z = e4
Example: Solve the simultaneous equation with three
unknowns: 2x + 4y – 4z = 20
2x – 2y + 4z = 8
5x – 2y – 2z = 20 ...... EX #48

Quadratic, Cubic and Quart Equations

Quadratic equation : ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a second-order polynomial
equation with a single variable x)
Cubic equation : ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0 (an equation with cubic
polynomial)
Quart equation : ax4 + bx3 + cx2 + dx + e = 0

Example: Solve the cubic equation 5x3 + 2x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 .. EX #49

For quadratic, cubic or quart equations, the variable name

starts with “X1”.

Solve Function
■ Solve functions use Newton’s Method to obtain the approximate
solution of equations.

Note: SOLVE function can be used in the COMP Mode only.

■ The following describes the types of equations whose solutions

can be obtained by using SOLVE function.
• Equations that include variable X,
SOLVE function solves for X, for example, X2 + 2X – 2, X = Y + 3,
X – 5 = A + B, X = tan(C),
• Variable X to be solved should be put at the left hand side of
the equation.
For example, an equation is input as X2 + 5X = 24 or X2 + 5X – 24 = 0
or X2 + 5X – 24
• An expression like X2 + 5X – 24 will be treated as X2 + 5X – 24 = 0,
not necessary to input “= 0”.
• Equations input uses the following syntax :
{equation},{solution variable}
In general, an equation is solved for X, unless specified. For
example, to solve for Y when an equation is input as, Y = X + 5, Y

28
Important precaution when using “Solve” function:
• The following functions , dx d
, ∑, ∏, Pol, Rec, Q…r, Rand, i-Rand or
multi-statement are not allowed to input into an equation for SOLVE
function.
• Since SOLVE function uses Newton’s Method to obtain the solution,
even if there are multiple solutions, only one of them will be shown as
the solution.
• SOLVE function may not be able to obtain a solution because of preset
initial value of the solution variable. In case this happens, try to change
the initial value of the solution variable.
• SOLVE function may not be able to find the correct solution, even if the
solution(s) exists.
• If an equation contains input functions that include an open parenthesis,
do not omit the closing parenthesis.
• It will show “Variable ERROR” when the expression does not contain the
variable that you want to solve.
• Newton’s Method may have problems for solving the following types of
functions, for example y = ex, y = x1 , y = sin(x), y = √ x, etc.
• In case the equation takes long time for solving, the calculator will display
“PROCESSING” screen, you can cancel the processing of SOLVE
operation by pressing the key.
1
Example: To solve X= 3 B2C (when B=5; C=20) ...... EX #50
• The Precision of Solution shows the result when the obtained
solution is assigned to the solution variable. The precision of the
obtained solution is higher if this value is closer to zero.

Continue Screen
• SOLVE performs convergence a preset number of times. If it
cannot find a solution, it displays a confirmation screen that shows
“Continue: [=]”, asking if you want to continue. Press to continue
or to cancel the SOLVE operation.

CALC Function
CALC function is a memory zone with a maximum of 79 steps to
store a single calculation expression which can be recalled and
calculated a number of times with different values.

After inputting the calculation expression and pressing , the

calculator will request for the current value of your input variables.

CALC function can only be used in COMP mode or CPLX mode.

Example: For the equation Y = 5x2 –2x +1, calculate the value of Y if
x = 5 or x = 7. ...... EX #51

! The stored expression will be cleared as you start a new

calculation, change into another mode, or turn off the calculator.

29
Differential Calculations
Differential Calculations can be used in the COMP mode only.
To perform a differential calculation, you have to input the
expression in the form of:
f(x) a ∆x
• f(x) : Function of X. (All non-X variables are treated as constants.)
• a : Differential point.
• ∆x : Tolerance (calculation precision); for Line mode only
Your calculator performs differential calculations by aprroximating
the derivative based on centered difference approximation.

Example: To determine the derivative at point x = 10, ∆x = 10-8, for

the function f(x) = sin(3x + 30). ...... EX #52

! You can leave out the ∆x in the differential expression and the
calculator will automatically substitute a value for ∆x.
! The smaller the entered value ∆x is, the longer the calculation time
will be with more accurate results, the larger the entered value ∆x
is, the shorter the calculation time will be with comparatively less
accurate results.
! Inaccurate results and errors can be caused by the following :
• Discontinuous points in x values
• Extreme changes in x value
• Inclusion of the local maximum point and local minimum point in x values.
• Inclusion of the inflection point in x values
• Inclusion of undifferentiable points in x values
• Differential calculation results approaching zero
! When performing differential calculations with trigonometric functions,
select radian (Rad) as the angle unit setting.
! Logab, i~Rand(, Rec( , Pol(, ∫(, d/dx(, ∑(, ∏(, Max( and Min( functions
cannot join in differential calculations.
! You can cancel the processing of differential calculation by pressing
the key.

Integration Calculations
Integration Calculations can be used in the COMP mode only.
To perform an integration calculation you are required to input the
following elements:
f(x) a b n

• f(x) : Function of X. (All non-X variables are treated as constants.)

• a, b : The integration range of the definite integral.
• n : Tolerance; for Line Mode only
The integration calculation is based on Gauss-kronrod method.
The internal integration calculations may take considerable time
to complete. For some cases, even after considerable time is
spent performing a calculation, the calculation results may be
erroneous. Particularly when significant digits are less than 1,
an ERROR might occur.

30
Example: Perform the integration calculation for, with n = 4.
...... EX #53
! You can leave out the n in the Integration expression and the
calculator will automatically substitute a value for n.
! The smaller the entered value n is, the longer the calculation time will be
with more accurate results, the larger the entered value n is, the shorter
the calculation time will be with comparatively less accurate results.
! When performing integration calculations with trigonometric functions,
select radian (Rad) as the angle unit setting.
! Logab, i~Rand(, Rec( , Pol(, ∫(, d/dx(, ∑(, ∏(, Max( and Min( functions
cannot join in integration calculations.
! A “Time Out” error occurs when an integration calculation ends without
the ending condition being fulfilled.
! You can cancel the processing of integration calculation by pressing
the key.

Matrix Calculations
Press to enter Matrix mode.
Before starting matrix calculations, you have to create one matrix
or a maximum of four matrices named A, B, C and D at one time.
The matrix dimension can be up to 4x4.
The matrix calculation results are stored into the MatAns memory
automatically. You can use the matrix MatAns memory for any
subsequent matrix calculations.
Creating a Matrix
Press to enter Matrix mode.

Apps
Press to use the MATX application; press / for
next / previous pages.

Press [ ]
or [ ] key

MATX ITEM DESCRIPTION

[1] Dim Specify the Matrix memory A to D, and specify the
dimension (up to 4 x 4)
[2] Data Specify the matrix A-D for editing and corresponding
matrix element
[3] MatA to MatD Select matrix A to D
[4] MatAns Calculation Answer of Matrix & Store into MatAns
[5] Det Determinate function of Matrix A-D
[6] Trn Transposed data in Matrix A-D
[7] Ide Identity of matrix
[8] Adj Adjoint to Matrix
[9] Inv Inverse of Matrix

Press to exit the matrix creating screen.

31
Editing Matrix Data
Apps
Press (Data), then specify the matrix A, B, C or D
for editing and the corresponding matrix element indicator will be
displayed.
Input the new value and press to confirm the edit.
Press to exit the matrix editing screen.

Matrix Addition, Subtraction and Multiplication

1 2 3 9 8 7
Example: MatA = 4 5 6 , MatB = 6 5 4 , MatA x MatB=?
7 8 9 3 2 1
EX #54
! Matrices which will be added, subtracted or multiplied must be the
same size. An error occurs if you try to add, subtract or multiply
matrices whose dimensions are different from each other. For
example, you cannot add or subtract a 2 x 3 to a 2 x 2 matrix.

Obtain the Scalar Product of a Matrix

Each position in the matrix is multiplied by a single value, resulting in
a matrix of the same size.
3 -2 6 -4
Example: Multiple Matrix C = by 2 <Result: >
-1 5 -2 10
EX #55

Obtain the Determinant of a Matrix 10 -5 3

Example: Obtain the determinant of Matrix C = - 4 9 2
<Result: -471> 1 7 -3
EX #56
! An error occurs if you obtain the determinant of a non-square matrix.

Transpose a Matrix
9 5
9 6 8
Example: Transpose Matrix B = 6 2 <Result: >
5 2 4
EX #57 8 4

Identity of Matrix
1 0
Example: Identity Matrix D
0 1 ...... EX #58
Adjoint of Matrix
2 3 5 -3
Example: Adjoint Matrix A < Result: >
4 5 -4 2
EX #59
32
 Invert a Matrix
8 2
Example: Inverting Matrix C =
3 6
0.142857142 -0.047619047
<Result: >
-0.071428571 0.19047619 ...... EX #60
Determine the Absolute value of a Matrix
Example: To determine the absolute value of the inverted Matrix C in
the previous example. ...... EX #61

Vector Calculations
Press to enter Vector mode.
Before starting vector calculations, you have to create one or
more vectors named A, B, C and D (maximum four vectors at one
time).
The vector calculation results are stored into VctAns memory
automatically. You can use the vector VctAns memory for any
subsequent vector calculations.

Creating a Vector
Press to enter Vector mode.

Apps
Press to use the Vector tool;

ITEM DESCRIPTION
[1] Dim Specify the Vector Name A to D, and specify the
dimension (2D or 3D)
[2] Data Specify the Vector A-D for editing and corresponding
matrix element
[3] VctA to VctD Select Vector A to D
[4] VctAns Calculation Answer of Vector stored into VctAns
[5] Dot Input the “▪” command for obtaining the dot product
of a vector Outside VCTR MODE Apps

Press to exit the matrix creating screen.

Editing Vector Elements

Apps
Press (data), then specify the matrix A, B, C or D
for editing, and the corresponding vector element indicator will be
displayed.
Input the new value and press to confirm the edit.
Press to exit the vector editing screen.
33
 Vector Addition and Subtraction
Example: Vector A = (9,5), Vector B = (7,3), Vector A – Vector B =?
EX #62
! An error occurs if you try to add or subtract vectors whose
dimensions are different from each other. For example Vector A
(a,b,c) cannot add or subtract with Vector B (d,e).

Obtain the Scalar Product of a Vector

Each position in the vector is multiplied by a single value, resulting in
a vector of the same size.
s x VctA(a,b) = VctB(axs, bxs)
Example: To Multiply Vector C = (4,5,-6) by 5 ...... EX #63

Calculate the Inner Product of Two Vectors

Example: Calculate the inner product of Vector A and Vector B. As
Vector A = (4,5,-6) and Vector B = (-7,8,9). ...... EX #64

Calculate the Outer Product of Two Vectors

Example: Calculate the outer product of Vector A and Vector B. As
Vector A = (4,5,-6) and Vector B = (-7,8,9). ...... EX #65

! An error occurs if you try to obtain an inner or outer product of two

vectors whose dimensions are different from each other.

Determine the Absolute Value of a Vector

Example 1: Determine the absolute value of the Vector C. When
Vector C = (4,5,-6) and is already created in the calculator.
EX #66
Example 2: Based on Vector A=(-1, 0, 1) and Vector B=(1, 2, 0),
determine the size of the angle (angle unit: Deg) and a
unit 1 vector perpendicular to both A and B.

cos = , whereas = cos -1

Unit 1 vector perpendicular to both A and B=

< Result: =(0.666666666, -0.333333333, 0.666666666) >.... EX #67

Function (x, y) Table Calculation

Input f(x) function to generate the function table for x & f(x).
Steps to generate a Number Table
1. Press to enter the Table function calculation.
2. Function Input screen
• Input function with X variable ( ) to generate the
Function Table Result.
• All other variables (A, B, C, D, Y) and independent
memory (M) act as the value.
34
 d
• Pol, Rec, Q…r, S, dx functions can not be used in the
Function Input screen.
• The Function Table Calculation will change X-variable.
3. The input the start, end, & step information
• Input the value, press to confirm on the following
screens
• Input expression and display result value in following
screens are in Line mode status
• There is a maximum of 30 x-values in the function table
generation. “Insufficient Error” will be shown if the start,
end, step value combination is more than 30 x-values.

Display screen You should input:-

Start? Input the lower limit of X (Default =1).
End? Input the upper limit of X (Default = 5).
*End value must be greater than the start value.
Step? Input the increment step (Default =1).

In the Function Table Result screen, you cannot edit the

content, press to return to the Function Input screen.
Example: f (x) = x 3 + 3x 2 2x to generate the function table for
the range , incremented in steps of 1.
EX #68

Battery Replacement
Replace the battery immediately when the display characters are dim
even with a darker LCD display contrast OR when the following message
appears on the screen. Turn the calculator off and replace the lithium
battery immediately. !
Low Battery

Please replace the lithium battery using the following procedures,

1. Press to power off the calculator.
2. Remove the screw that securely fixes the battery cover in place.
3. Remove battery cover.
4. Remove the old battery with ball pen or similar sharp object.
5. Load the new battery with positive “+” side facing up.
6. Replace the battery cover, screw, and press ,
to initialize the calculator.
Caution: Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type.
Dispose of used battery according to the instruction.
Electromagnetic interference or electrostatic discharge may cause the
display to malfunction or the contents of the memory to be lost or
altered. Should this occur, press , to
restart the calculator.

35
 Advice and Precautions
• This calculator contains precision components such as LSI
chips and should not be used in places subject to rapid
variations in temperature, excessive humidity, dirt or dust, or
exposed to direct sunlight.
• The liquid crystal display panel is made of glass and should not
be subjected to excessive pressure.
• When cleaning the device, do not use a damp cloth or volatile
liquid such as paint thinner. Instead, use only a soft, dry cloth.
• Do not under any circumstances dismantle this device. If you
believe that the calculator is not functioning properly, either bring
or mail the device together with the guarantee to a service
representative of the Canon Business office.
• Never dispose the calculator improperly such as burning; it can
create risks of personal injury or harm. You are suggested to
dispose this product according to your national law.
• Do replace the battery once every two years even if it is not
used frequently.
Battery Caution!
• Keep the battery out of the reach of children. If the battery is
swallowed, contact a doctor immediately.
• Misuse of the battery may cause leakage, explosion, damages,
or personal injury.
• Do not recharge or disassemble the battery, it could cause a
short circuit.
• Never expose the battery to high temperatures, direct heat, or
dispose by incineration.
• Never leave a dead battery in the calculator as the dead
battery may leak and cause damage to the calculator.
• Continued use of the calculator in the low battery condition may
result in improper operation or the stored memory may be
corrupted or lost completely. Keep the written records of
important data all the time; and replace the battery as soon as
possible.

Specifications
Power Supply : Solar Cell and Lithium battery (CR2032 x 1)
Power Consumption : DC 3.0V / 0.3mW
Battery Life : Approximately 4 years
(Base on 1 hour operation per day)
Auto power off : Approx. 7 minutes
Usable Temperature : 0° ~ 40°C
Size: 171 (L) × 86 (W) × 17.3 (H) mm (with cover)
168 (L) × 80 (W) × 13.15 (H) mm (without cover)
Weight: 120 g (with cover) / 88 g (without cover)

*Specifications are subject to change without notice.

36