PROBLEM SET 1

(Binomial and Multimonomial Expansion)

Note: For 991 ES USERS:

FOR FACTORIAL NUMBERS ( ! ) ENTER: SHIFT x-1
FOR COMBINATION: SHIFT
FOR REGRESSION: USE SHIFT 1 5 FOR REGRESSION
16
1
1. Find the 6th term of the expansion of 3 .
2a
66339 66339
a. b.
124a 11 125a 11
66339 66339
c. d.
123a 11 128a11
2. Find the 5th term of the expansion of ( a 2b)20.
a. 77520a16y4 b. 77542 a16y4
c. 87520a y 16 4 d. 97520a16y4
3. Find the coefficient of the term involving x4 in the expansion of
1
(3 x )10 .
x
a. -262444 c. -252440
b. -262440 d. -362440
1 14
4. Find the term involving x13 in the expansion of ( 4 x 2 )
x
a. 524812288 b. 524812286
c. 544812288 d. 624812288
1
5. Find the 6th term of the expansion of (3 x 2
)10
x
51236 31236
a. b.
x5 x4
61236 61236
c. d.
x 4
x5

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 1 9
6. Find the constant term in the expansion of ( x 2 )
x
a. 83 b. 82
c. 84 d. 85
7. Find the term involving x6y12 in the expansion of ( 3x2 4y3)7.
a. 241920 b. 231920
c. 231224 d. 251234

8. Find the term involving x3y2 in the expansion of ( 4x + 2y 3z)5.

a. 2568 b. 2560
c. 2342 d. 3214
9. Find the term involving x4y2 in the expansion of ( 4x y + 2z)6.
a. 3840 b. 3920
c. 4120 d. 4312
10. Find the term involving x2yz in the expansion of ( 2x + y + 5z )4
.
a. 320 b. 240
c. 260 d. 280
11. Find the sum of the coefficients of ( a + 2b)6.
a. 612 b. 711
c. 729 d. 741
12. Find the sum of the coefficients ( 3x + 1)4.
a. 242 b. 243
c. 244 d. 255
13. Find the sum of the coefficients of ( 2x -3)8.
a. -5660 b. -6560
c. -6780 d. -5120
14. Find the sum of the coefficients of ( 3x + 2y + 1)5
a. 7776 b. 7774
c. 7773 d. 7775
15. Find the sum of the exponents of ( x + y)6.
a. 40 b. 41
c. 42 d. 43

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16. Find the sum of the exponents ( 3x3 + 2y4)10
a. 384 b. 385
c. 389 d. 390
17. Find the sum of the coefficients of ( 3x + 2y -2)8.
a. 6302 b. 6305
c. 6304 d. 6306
18. Find the sum of the exponents of ( 4x2 + 5y7)3?
a. 54 b. 56
c. 58 d. 58
19. The term involving x in the expansion of ( x2 + 2/x )12
9

a. 24534x9 b. 25344x9
c. 23455x9 d. 24544x9
20. What is the sum of the coefficients of the expansion of (2x -1)20?
a. 1 b. 0
c. 2 d. 125

Solution:
Note: nCr = n!/( n-r)! r!

1. 6th term = 16C(5)(1/2a)16-5(-3)5

= 4368( 1/2)11(-3)5 /a11
= - 66339/128/ a11 (d)
2. 5 term = 20C4 ( a)20-4(-2b)4
th

= 20 C4 ( -2)16 a16 b4
= 77520 a16 b4 (a)
3. r th term =
10 C ( r 1) ( 3x)10-(r-1) ( -x-1)r-1 = Constant ( x4)
Then: 10-(r-1) -1(r-1) = 4 then r = 4
4th term = 10 C3 (3x)10-3(-1/x)3
= (10C3)(37) (-1)3 (x4)
= -262440x4 (b)
4. r th term = 14 C ( r -1) ( 4x2)14-(r-1) ( x-1)r-1 = Constant ( x13)
Equate the two powers. Disregard Constat:
x2(14-(r-1) x-1(r-1) = x13
Then: 2 [ 14 ( r -1) ] + (-1)( r 1) = 13; r = 6

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 6th term = 14 C 5 ( 4x2)14-5 ( x-1)5 = ( 14 C5 )( 49) x13
= 524812288x13 (a)
5. 6 term = 10C5 ( 3x)10-5(-x-2)5
th

= 10 C5 ( 3)5 (-1) x5 x-10 = 61236/ x5 (d)

6. r th term = 9C ( r -1) (x2)9-(r-1)(-x-1)r-1 = Constant ( x0 )
Then: 2[ 9 ( r -1) ] ( r -1) = 0; r = 7
7th term = 9C6 = 84
7. Divide power of x6 by power of 3x2 6/2 = 3
Divide power of y12 by power of 4y3 12/3 = 4
coefficient of 3x2 = 3
coefficient of -4y3 = - 4
7!
Term containing x6 y12 = (33 )( 4)4 241920
(3! )( 4! )
5!
8. Term involving x3y2 = ( 4) 3 (2) 2 = 2560
3!2!
Note: 5 is the power of the given.
3! comes from x3
2! comes from y2
4 is the coefficient of 4x
2 is the coefficient of 2y

6!
9. Term involving x4y2 = ( 4) 4 ( 1) 2 = 3840
4!2!
Note: 6 is the power of the given.
4! comes from x4
2! comes from y2
4 and -1 are coefficients of 4x and y resp.
4!
10. Term involving x2yz = (2) 2 (1)1(5)1 = 240
2!1!1!
Note: 2 , 1 and 5 are coefficients in 2x, 1y, 5z respectively.
The denominator and powers are powers in x2y1z1
respectively.

11. Let f(a,b) = ( a + 2b)6

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 Then the sum of coefficients = f(1,1) = ( 1 + 2)6 = 729
12. Let f(x) = ( 3x + 1)4
Then the sum of coefficients = f(1) f(0) = ( 3(1) + 1)4 14 = 255
13. Let f(x) = (2x-3)8
Then the sum of coefficients = f(1) f(0) = -6560
Note: f(1) = ( 2(1) 3)8 = 1
f(0) = (-3)8 = 6561
14. Let f(x,y) = ( 3x + 2y + 1)5
Then the sum of coefficients = f(1,1) f(0,0)
= ( 3 + 2 + 1)5 15 = 7775
15. Sum of exponents = ( 1 + 1 ) 7 C2 = 42
Note: sum of exponents of ( xa + yb)n = ( a + b ) (n+1)C2
16. Sum of exponents = ( 3 + 4 ) (11C2 ) = 385
17. Let f(x,y) = ( 3x + 2y 2)8
Then the sum of coefficients = f(1,1) f(0,0)
= ( 3 + 2 2)8 ( -2)8
= 6305
18. Sum of exponents = ( 2 + 7) ( 4 C2 ) = 54
19. r th term = 12 C( r-1) (x2)12-(r-1) (2x-1)r-1 = Constant( x9)
Then: 2[ 12 (r -1) ] ( r -1) = 9; r = 6
6th term = 12 C5 (x2)12-5(2/x)5 = 12 C5(2)5 x9
= 25344 (b)
20. Let f(x) = ( 2x 1)20
Then sum of coefficients = f(1) f(0)
= ( 2(1) 1)20 (-1)20
= 0

Problem Set 2 (Digit Problems, Mixture Problems, Age

Problems, Work Problems, Clock Problems,
Page 6
 Remainder Theorem)

1. The sum of the digits of a 3 digit number is 17, the hundreds digit is
twice the unit digit. If 396 is subtracted from the number, the order of
the digits will be reversed. Find the units digit.
a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 5
2. 2000 kg of steel containing 8% nickel is to be made by mixing a
steel containing 14% nickel with another containing 6% nickel. How
much of the 14% nickel is needed?
a. 1000 b. 700
c. 500 d. 400
3. A chemist of a distillery experimented on two alcohol solutions of
different strength , 35% alchol and 50% alcohol respectively. How
many cubic meters of 35% strength must he use in order to produce
a mixture of 60 cubic meters that contain 40% alcohol.
a. 40 b. 30
c. 35 d. 20
4. How many liters of water must be added to 80 liters of a 40% salt
solution to produce a solution that is 25% salt?
a. 48 b. 45
c. 44 d. 40
5. One number is 5 less than the other. If their sum is 135, what is
the product of the numbers?
a. 4550 b.4135
c. 2140 d. 7150
6. The sum of two numbers is 21 and one number is twice the other.
Determine product of the numbers.
a. 100 b. 112
c. 98 d. 94
7 The denominator of a certain fraction is 3 more than twice the
numerator. If 7 is added to both terms of the fraction, the resulting
fraction is 3/5. Find the original fraction
a. 4/13 b. 5/13
c. 6/13 d. 7/13

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8. The sum of the digits of a 3 digit number is 14. The hundreds digit
being 4 times the unit digit. If 594 is subtracted from the number, the
order of the digits will be reversed. Find the tens digit of the number.
a. 4 b. 6
c. 8 d. 2
9. Six years ago, Jun was 4 times as old as John. In 4 years, he
would be twice as old as John. How is Jun now?
a. 12 b. 13
c. 21 d. 26
10. In 5 years, Jose would be twice the age of Ana. Five years ago,
Jose was 4 times as old as Ana. Find the sum of their present ages.
a. 35 b. 45
c. 40 d. 50
11. Jun can finish an accounting work in 8 hrs. Leo can finish the
same work in 6 hrs. After 2 hrs of working together, Jun left Leo for
lunch and Leo finished the job. How long does it take Leo to finish the
job?
a. 3 hrs b. 2.5 hrs
c. 3.5 hrs d. 4 hrs
12. A can do a piece of work in 10 days. After he has worked 2 days,
B came to help him and together, they finish the job in 3 days. In how
many days could B alone do the work?
a. 5 days b. 6 days
c. 7 days d. 8 days
13. A and B can do a piece of work in 42 days, B and C in 31 days
and A and C in 20 days. Working together, how many days can all
of them finish the work?
a. 19.23 days b. 18.87 days
c. 15.34 days d. 13.56 days
14. A, B and C can finish the same job is 7, 9 and 12 days
respectively. All of them worked for 2 days after which C was left to
finish the job? How long did C work?
a. 5.9 days b. 6.2 days
c. 6.3 days d. 5.5 days
15. In how many minutes after 2 PM will the hands of the clock be
at extend in opposite direction for the first time?

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 a. 45.6 min b. 43.6 min
c. 47.8 min d. 44.3 min
16. At what time a between 3 PM to 4 PM will the hands of the
clock be at right angle ?
a. 3 32 8/11 PM b. 3: 33 7/11
c. 3: 32 5/11 d. 3:33 5/11
17. In how many minutes after 3 PM will the hands of the clock be
together for the first time.
a. 16.45 min b. 16.36 min
c. 16.21 min d. 16.66 min
18. In how many minutes after 7 PM will the hands of the clock be
together for the first time?
a. 38.22 min b. 38.18
c. 39.22 min d. 39.44 min
19. At what time after 12 noon will the hour hand and minute hand of
the clock form an angle of 1200?
a. 21.818 min b. 22.34 min
c. 32.342 min d. 41.23 min
20. Find the quotient and remainder when 4y3 + 18y2 + 8y 4 is
divided by 2y + 3?.
a. 2y2 + 6y 5 rem 11 b. 2y2 - 6y 5 rem 12
c. 2y2 + 6y + 5 rem 11 d. 2y2 + 3y 5 rem 12
21. What is the remainder when 3x + 2x 5x + x + 7 is divided by
4 3 2

x 3?
a. 234 b. 262
c. 311 d. 312
22. What is the remainder when 3x4 + 3x3 5x2 - 5x + 7 is divided by
x + 2i ?
a. 12+3i b. 34 + 12i
c. 8-25i d. 75 + 22i
23. Let f(x) = x 5 ax4 3x 3 bx 4 . If f(x) is divided by x + 7 , the
remainder is -3805 , when divided by x + 1 the remainder is -1.
What is the value of a?
a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 5

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24. A polynomial has an equation x5 5x4 + 5x3 + 15x2 + 36x + 20.
How many rational roots does it have?
a. 0 b. 1
c. 2 d. 3
25. How many real roots are there for a polynomial 7x7 + 5x5 + 3x3 +
x?
a. 0 b. 1
c. 2 d. 3
26. Find the least possible number of positive real zeros of the
polynomial P(x) = 3x6 + 4x5 + 3x3 x - 3.
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
27. Given P(x) = 3x + 4x + 3x3 x - 3, what is the maximum
6 5

possible number of real zeros in P(x)?

a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 6
28. Find the value of k so that k 3 is a factor of x4 k2x2 kx 39
=0
a. -7/3 b. 3
c. 5/3 d. -3
29. Find the remainder when x3 + 3x2 5x + 7 is divided by
x + 1 3i?
a. 14-31i b. 14+ 51i
c. 18-51i d. 14-51i
30. Find the quotient when x3 x2 + 3x 6 is divided by x + 2i.
a. x2 + ( -1 -2i)x -1 + 2i b. x2 + ( -1 +2i)x -1 + 2i
2
c. x + ( -1 -3i)x -1 + 2i d. x2 + ( 1 -2i)x -1 + 2i

31. Find the upper bound of the roots of x4 x3 2x2 4x 24.

a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
32. Find the lower bound of the roots of x4 x3 2x2 4x 24 = 0.
a. -1 b. -2
c. -3 d. -4
33. In an organization, there are CE, ME, and EE. The sum of all
their ages is 2160. Their average is 36. The average of CE and ME

Page 10
IS 39. The ME and the EE is 32 8/11 and the CE and EE is 36 2/3.
If each CE had been one year older, each ME 6 year older and each
ME 6 years older, their average age will increase by 5. Find the
number of CE in the organization. PAST CE BOARD
a. 16 b. 18
c. 23 d. 30
34. Find the product of 2 numbers such that their sum multiplied by
the sum of their squares is 5500 and their difference multiplied by the
difference of their squares is 352. (PAST CE BOARD )
a. 121 b. 132
c. 117 d. 361
35. An alloy of silver and gold weigh 15 oz in air and 14 oz in water.
Assume that silver loses 1/10 of its weight in water and gold loses
1/18 of its weight, how many gold is in the alloy? PAST ECE BOARD
a. 11.25 oz b. 10.35 oz
c. 12.50 oz d. 10.25 oz

36. A certain loan association has invested P 500,000 in 3 different

transactions. First investment is in real earning 9% interest annually;
second investment is in loans earning 6% annually, and the 3 rd
investment in bonds earning 4% annually. The total annual income in
interest is P 34,000, but the annual interest in loans is 3 times that in
bonds. How much in the investment in real estate. PAST ECE
BOARD
a. 150000 b. 200000
c. 180000 d. 125000

37. Find the smallest positive number among the 4 numbers such
that the sum of the 1st , 3rd and 4th exceeds the second by 8; the sum
of the squares of the 1st and the 2nd exceeds the sum of the squares
of the 3rd and the 4th by 36; the sum of the products of the 1st and the
2nd and 3rd and 4th is 42; the cube of the 1st equals the sum of the
cubes of the 2nd , 3rd and 4th . PAST CE BOARD
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4

Page 11
38. It is now between 9 and 10 oclock. In 4 minutes, the hour hand
will be directly opposite the position occupied by the minute hand 3
minutes ago. What time is it? PAST ECE BOARD
a. 9:19 b. 9:20
c. 9:21 d. 9:22

39. At what time after 2 oclock will the angle between the hands of
the clock be bisected by the line connecting the center of the clock
and the 3 oclock mark? PAST ECE BOARD
a. 2: 18.33 b. 2:18.56
c. 2:18.46 d. 2:18.23

40. The time is past 2 PM. In 10 minutes, the minute hand will be as
much as the hr hand as it is now behind it. What time is it?
a. 2:05.909 b. 2:05.809
c. 2:05.709 d. 2:05.701
Solution:
1. Let x = hundred digit y = tens digit z = unit digit
No = 100 x + 10y + z Reversed Number = 100z + 10y + x
x + y + z = 17 (1)
x = 2z (2)
100z + 10y + x = 100 x + 10y + z - 396 (3)
Arrange:
x + y + z = 15
x - 2z = 0
-99x +99z = -396 (MODE 5 2 )
So, x = 8 y = 3 and z = 4
Ans. z = 4
2. Let x = amount of 14% nickel
y = amount of 6% nickel
Then: x + y = 2000
0.14 x + 0.06 y = 2000(0.08) = 16 (MODE 5 1 )
x = 500, y = 1500
Ans. x = 500
3. Let x = amount of 35% alcohol

Page 12
 y = amount of 50% alcohol
Then: x + y = 60
0.35x + 0.50 y = 0.4(60) = 24 ( MODE 5 1)
Ans.: x = 40, y = 20
4. Let X = liters of water to be added.
Then: ( X + 80)(0.25) = 80(0.4)
Ans.: X = 48
5. Let X = one number
Y = the other number
Then: X + Y = 135
X= Y5
Arrange:
X + Y = 135
X Y = - 5 (MODE 5 1)
X = 65, Y = 70
Ans,: Product = 65 x 70 = 4550
6. Let X = one number
Y = the other number
Then: X = 2 Y X 2Y = 0
X + Y = 2 (MODE 5 1)
X = 14, Y = 7
Ans.: XY = 98
7. Let X = numerator
Y = denominator
Y = 3 + 2X -2X + Y = 3 (1)
x 7 3
5( X +7) = 3( Y + 7) 5X 3Y = -14 (2)
y 7 5
Solve (1) and ( 2)
X = 5, Y = 13
Ans. 5/13

8. Let X = hundreds digit

Y = tens digit
Z = unit digit
No = 100 x + 10y + z
Reversed Number = 100z + 10y + x

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 X + Y + Z = 14
X = 4Z X 4Z = 0
100z + 10y + x = 100x + 10y + z 594
-99x + 99 z = - 594
The equations:
X + Y + Z = 14
X - 4Z = 0
-99X +99Z = -594 (MODE 5 2)
X=8 Y=4 Z = 2
Ans. 4

9. 6 years ago present age 4 years from now

x -6 x(Juns age) x+4
y -6 y(Johns age) y+ 4
So, x 6 = 4( y 6) x 4y = -18
x + 4 = 2( y + 4) x 2y = 4 (MODE 5 1)
Ans. X = 26, Y = 11
10. 5 years ago present age 5 years from now
X -5 X (Jose) X+5
Y -5 Y (Ana) Y+5
So, X + 5 = 2( Y + 5 ) X 2Y = 5
X 5 = 4( Y 5) X 4Y = -15 (MODE 5 1)
X = 25, Y = 10
Ans.: X + Y = 35
11. Let x = time Leo will finish the job after working for 2 hrs.
Then: 2/8 + 2/6 + x/ 6 = 1
Ans.: x = 2.5
12. Let X = time B can do the work alone
Then: 2/10 + 3/10 + 3/x = 1
Ans,: x = 6

13. Let X , Y and Z = A, B and C can finish the job alone resp.
Then: 42/x + 42/y= 1
31/y + 31/z =1
20/x + 20/y = 1 (MODE 5 2)

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 So, 1/x = 541/26040; 1/y = 79/26040; 1/z = 761/26040
Then: 1/z = 1/x + 1/y + 1/z = 1381/26040
z = 18.855 days
14. 2/7 + 2/9 + 2/12 + x/12 = 1
x = 82/11
x + 2 = 5.90476 days
15. ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input the given coordinates MODE 3 2
X Y
0 -60 ( 2 x -30)
60 270 ( -60 + 330)
ENTER: AC
compute 180x ( 180 SHIFT 1 5 4 )
Ans. 43.6363

16. Input the given coordinates MODE 3 2

X Y
0 -90 ( 3 x -30)
60 240 ( -90 + 330 )
ENTER: AC
Compute: 90 x (90 SHIFT 1 5 4 ) SHIFT SD
Ans. 32 8/11

17. SAME COORDINATES AS 16

COMPUTE: 0 x ( 0 SHIFT 1 5 4 )
Ans. 16.363636

18. ENTER: MODE 3 2

INPUT THE GIVEN COORDINATES
X Y
0 -210 ( 7 x -30)
60 120 ( -210 + 330)
ENTER: AC
ENTER: 0 x ( 0 SHIFT 1 5 4 )
Ans. 38.18 min

Page 15
19. ENTER: MODE 3 2
INPUT THE GIVEN COORDINATES
x y
0 0
60 330
ENTER: AC
Ans. 21.818 min
20. Using Synthetic Division
4 18 8 - 4 |-3/2
-6 -18 15
4 12 -10 11
(4y2 + 12y 10)/2 rem 11
or 2y2 + 6y 5 rem 11

21. Let f(x) = 3x4 + 2x3 5x2 + x + 7

f(3) = 262
Note: Enter 3x4 + 2x3 5x2 + x + 7 CALC 3 =

22. Let f(x) = 3x4 + 3x3 5x2 5x + 7

f(-2i) = 3(-2i)3(-2i) + 3(2i)3 5(2i)2 -5(2i) + 7
ENTER: MODE 2
ENTER: 3x3 x + 3x3 5x2 5x + 7 CALC 2i =
Ans. 75 + 22i
23. f(x) = x 5 ax4 3x 3 bx 4
f(-7) = -3805 -3805 = (-7)5 + a(-7)4 3(-7)3 + b(-7) 4
74a 7b = 11977 (1)
f(-1) = -1 -1 = (-1) + a(-1) -3(-1)3 + b(-1) 4
5 4

ab= 1 (2)
ENTER: MODE 5 1
Ans. a = 5, b = 4

24. The possible rational roots using the rational root theorem are
factors of 20 which are 1, -1, 2, -2, 4, -4, 5, -5, 10, -10, 20, -20:
ENTER: MODE 7 f(x) = x5 5x4 + 5x3 + 15x2 + 36x + 20
ENTER: START = -20 END = 0 STEP = 1

Page 16
 Note: That the column for f(x) has no roots from -20 to 0.
ENTER: AC Edit START = 0 END = 20 STEP = 1
The column for f(x) has no zero.
Therefore: No rational roots. (a)

25. 7x7 + 5x5 + 3x3 + x = x(7x6 + 5x4 + 3x2 + 1 )

So one real root = 0.
For 7x6 + 5x4 + 3x2 + 1 = 0
Using Descartes Rule of Signs
7 5 3 1 (There is no shift in sign )
+ + + + (No positive real root)
f(-x) = 7(-x)7 + 5(-x)5 + 3(-x)3 + -x
= -7x7 5x5 3x3 - x
-7 -5 -3 -1 ( No shift in sign )
(No negative real roots )
The only real root is x = 0 Ans ( b)
26. Using Descartes Rule of Signs:
3 4 3 -1 - 3
+ + + - - (There is only 1 change of sign
From 3 to -1 . Answer (1)

27. F(-x) = 3x6 4x5 3x3 + x - 3

3 -4 -3 1 - 3
+ - - + - ( 3 changes in signs)
Possible number of negative real roots are 3 o r 1.
From problem 26, there is only 1 possible real root.
Therefore, the maximum possible number of real roots
1 + 3 = 4 (b)
28. Let f(x) = x4 k2x2 kx 39 f(3) = 0
0 = 34 k2(3)2 k(3) 39 9k2 + 3k -42 = 0
ENTER: MODE 5 3
Ans. X = 2 and X = -7/3

29. Let f(x) = x3 + 3x2 - 5x + 7

f(-1 + 3i) = 14-51i

Page 17
 Note: ENTER: MODE 2:
ENTER: x3 + 3x2 - 5x + 7
ENTER: CALC -1 + 3i =

30. Find the quotient when x3 x2 + 3x 6 is divided by x + 2i.

Use synthetic division.
1 - 1 3 - 6 | -2i
-2i -4 +2i 4+ 2i
1 -2i-1 -1 + 2i -2 + 2i
Ans. x2 + ( -1 -2i)x -1 + 2i

31. Use synthetic division

1 -1 - 2 -4 - 24 |1
1 0 -2 -6
1 0 -2 - 6 -30

1 -1 -2 -4 -24 |3
3 6 12 24
1 2 4 8 0
Upper bound (Third line are all positive or zero )
Ans. 3
32. To get the lower bound
Use Synthetic Division:
1 - 1 -2 -4 - 24 | -2
-2 6 -8 24
1 -3 4 -12 0
The signs alternate, therefore -2 is a lower bound.
33. Let x = number of CE; y = number of ME; z = number of EE
A = ave. age of CE B = ave. age of ME and C = ave. age of
EE
Then :x A + y B + z C = 2160 (1)
( x A + y B + z C )/( x + y + z ) = 36 (2)
(x A + y B)( x + y ) = 39 (3)
( y B + z C )/( y + z ) = 32 8/11 (4)
( x A + z C )/( x + z ) = 36 2/3 (5)
(1x + 6y + 7z)/( x + y + z ) = 5 (6)

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 From 2 , x A + y B + z C = 36( x + y + z )
Substitute this to eq. 1
36( x + y + z ) = 2160
x + y + z = 60 (7)
From 6:
x + 6y + 7z = 5x + 5y + 5z
-4x + y + 2z = 0 (8)
Add eq. 3, 4 and 5.
x A + y B = 39x + 39y
y B + z C = 360/11 y + 360/11 z
xA + z C = 110/3x + 110/3z
2x A + 2y B + 2z C = 227/3x + 789/11y + 2290/33 z
2( x A + y B + z C ) = 2( 2160)
Then: 227/3x + 789/11y + 2290/33 z = 4320 (9)
Solve 7 , 8 and 9 ( MODE 5 2 )
x = 16 y = 24 z = 20

34. Let x and y be the numbers

Then : (x + y )( x2 + y2 ) = 5500 (1)
( x y)( x - y ) = 352
2 2 (2)
From: Eq. (2) ( x y)( x y)( x + y ) = 352
(x y)2( x + y ) = 352 (3)
Divide Eq. 3 by Eq. 1.
( x y)2 / ( x2 + y2 ) = 352/5500 = 8/125
( x2 2xy + y2 )/( x2 + y2 ) = 8/125
125 ( x2 2xy + y2 ) = 8( x2 + y2 )
117x2 250xy + 117y2 = 0
Factor: Use MODE 5 3
Input 117 - 250 117
Answers 13/9 , 9/13
( 13x 9y)( 9x 13y ) = 0
x = 9y/13 or x = 13y/9
Use Eq. 1
( 9y/13 + y)( [ 9y\13]2 + y2 ) = 5500
Use Shift CALC:
y = 13 and x = 9(y)/13 = 9

Page 19
 Ans. Product = 13 x 9 = 117

35. Let x = amount of silver in the alloy

y = amount of gold in the alloy
Then: x + y = 15
x/10 + y/18 = 15 -14 = 1
USE MODE 5 1
Ans. x = 3.75; y = 11.25
36. Let x = investment in real eanings.
y = investment in loans earnings
z = investment in bonds
Then: x + y + z = 500,000
0.09x + 0.06y + 0.04z = 34,000
0.06x = 3( 0.04z ) 0.06x + 0y - 0.12 z = 0
USE MODE 5 2
Ans.: x = 200,000 y = 200,000 z = 100000
37. Let x , y , z and w be the numbers.
Then: x + w + z y = 8 (1)
x2 + y2 z2 w2 = 36 (2)
xy + zw = 42 (3)
y3 + w3 + z3 = x3 (4)

From (3) : -2xy - 2zw = -84 Add this to (2)

x2 - 2xy + y2 - z2 - 2zw w2 = 36 - 84 = -48
( x y )2 - ( z + w )2 = - 48
[ ( x y) ( z + w) ] [ ( x y) + ( z + w ) ] = - 48
Divide this to eq 1.
xyzw =-6 (5)
Add eq ( 1 ) and eq ( 5 )
2x 2y = 2 or x - y = 1 (6)
Subtract eq 1 and eq 5
2w + 2z = 14 or w + z = 7 (7)

Note: ( x y)3 = x3 - 3x2 y + 3xy2 y3

x3 y3 = ( x y)3 + 3x2y 3xy2
= ( x y)3 + 3xy ( x y )

Page 20
 Thus: x3 y3 = 13 + 3xy
x3 y3 = 1 + 3xy (8)
Also ( x + y) = x + 3x y + 3xy + y3
3 3 2 2

x3 + y3 = ( x + y)3 - 3xy ( x + y )
w3 + z3 = ( w + z )3 3wz ( w + z )
w3 + z3 = 73 (3wz)(7)
w3 + z3 = 73 21wz (9)
But from (4) x3 y3 = w3 + z3
Then 1 + 3xy = 73 21wz
3xy + 21wz = 342 (10)
xy + wz = 42 (3)
USE MODE 5 1
xy = 30 wz = 12
x y =1 w+ z= 7
x=y+ 1 w=7-z
(y)( y + 1) = 30 ( 7 z)(z) = 12
y2 + y 30 = 0 -z2 + 7z 12 = 0
USE MODE 5 3 USE MODE 5 3
y = 5, - 6 z= 4, 3
x = 6, - 5 w=3, 4
38. Let X = position of minute hand after 9 PM ( in minutes)
Then 45 + X/12 = position of the hr hand.
Position occupied by the minute hand 3 min ago = X - 3
Position occupied by the hr hand in 4 min = 45 + ( X + 4)/12 +
30
So, X 3 + 30 = 45 + ( X + 4 )/12
Ans. 20

39. Let X = position of the minute hand after 2 oclock (in minutes )
Then: 10 + X/12 = position of the hr hand.
Angle between them after X min = X ( 10 + X/12)
Half of this angle = ( X - 10 - X/12)/2 = X - 15
X = 18.46
40. Let X = position of the minute hand ( in min ) after 2 PM.
Then: 10 + X/12 = position of the hr hand.
In 10 min , angle between the min hand and the hr hand

Page 21
 = X + 10 - ( 10 + ( X + 10)/ 12 ) = X ( X + 10)/ 12
Angle now = 10 + X/12 - X
Thus: 10 + X/12 X = X - ( X + 10)/ 12
Ans.: X = 5.909

PROBLEM SET 3
Arithmetic and Geometric Progression, Diophantine
Equation, Number Sequence)

1. Find the 30th term of an A.P. 4, 7, 10 . PAST ECE BOARD

a. 88 b. 75
c. 91 d. 95
2. Find the 100th term of the sequence 1.01, 1.00, 0.99
a. 0.05 b. 0.03
c. 0.04 d. 0.02
3. Find the 4th term of the progression 1/2, 0.2, 0.125 (ECE Nov)
a. 0.102 b. 1/11
c. 1/10 d. 0.099
4. The 5th term of an A.P is 123 and the 30th term is 245. What is the
12th term? PAST CE BOARD
a. 3929/25 b. 3412/25
c. 3372/25 d. 3312/25
5. The 3rd term of a harmonic progression is 15 and the 9th term is 6.
Find the 11th term
a. 4 b. 5
c. 6 d. 7
6. How many terms of the sequence -9, -6, -3 must be taken so
that the sum is 66? ECE Nov 1996
a. 13 b. 11
c. 12 d. 16
7 A besiege fortress is held by 5700 men who have provisions for 66
days. If the garrison loses 20 men each day, how many days can the
provision hold out? PAST CE BOARD EXAM
a. 60 b. 76

Page 22
 c. 82 d. 72

8. In the Bosnia conflict, the NATO forces captured 6400 soldiers.

The provisions on hand will last for 216 meals while feeding 3 meals
a day. The provisions lasted 9 more days because of daily deaths. At
an average, how many died per day?(PAST CE BOARD)
a. 15.2 b. 18.3
c. 17.8 d. 19.4
9. What is the 11th term of the harmonic progression if the 1st and the
3rd term are 1/2 and 1/6 respectively? ECE BOARD Nov 2003.
a. 1/20 b. 1/4
c. 1/12 d. 1/22
10. A company sells 80 units and makes P80 profit. It sells 110 units
and makes P 140 profit. If the profit is a linear function of the number
of units sold, what is the average profit per unit if the company sells
250 units? ECE APRIL 2003
a. P 1.76 b. P 1.68
c. P 1.66 d. P 1.86
11. What are the 1st four terms of the sequence whose general term is
n2 + 1? ECE April 2004
a. 1 4 9 16 b. 2 5 10 17
c. 5 10 17 26 d. 2 4 6 8
st
12. What are the 1 4 terms of the sequence whose general term is
n3 2n2 + 1 ?
a. 0 1 10 37 b. 1 2 11 39
c. 0 1 10 33 d. 1 3 11 39
13 To build a dam, 60 men must work 72 days. If all 60 men are
employed at the start but the number is decreased by 5 men at the
end of each 12 day period. How long will it take to complete the dam?
a. 108 days b. 94 days
c. 100 days d. 122 days

14. Solve for x in the following equation. ECE April 2004

x + 4x + 7x + . 64x = 1430
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4

Page 23
15. The sum of 3 numbers in AP is 45. If 2 is added to the 1 st
number, 3 to the second and 7 to the 3rd, the new numbers will be in a
geometric progression. Find the common difference in AP. PAST CE
BOARD
a. -5 b. 10
c. 6 d. 5
16. A merchant has 3 items on sale, namely item A for P 50, a citem
B for P 30 and item C for P 1.00. At the end of the day, he has sold a
total of 100 items and has taken exactly P 1000 on the total sales.
How many item A did he sell?
a. 16 b. 18
c. 20 d. 22
17. A stack of bricks has 61 bricks in the bottom layer, 58 bricks in
the second layer, 55 bricks in the 3rd layer and so on until there are 10
bricks in the last layer. How many bricks are there together? PAST
ME BOARD
a. 638 b. 640
c. 637 d. 639
18. Gravity causes a body to fall 16.1 ft in the 1 st sec, 48.3 in the 2nd,
80.5 in the 3rd sec and so on. How far did the body fall during the 10th
sec? PASt ME BOARD

a. 243.1 ft b. 305.9 ft
c. 133.4 d. 412.1 ft

19. Find the sum of the sequence 25, 30, 35 ..

a. 5/2n2 + 45n/3 b. 5/2n2 + 45/2n
c. 7/2n2 + 45/4n d. 7/2n2 + 45n/2

20. The 5th term of a geometric progression is 162 and the 10th term
is 39366. What is the 3rd term? PAST CE BOARD
a. 21 b. 18
c. 36 d. 24

21. The 4th term of a geometric progression is 189 and the 6th term is
1701. What is the 12th term?

Page 24
 a. 1240029 b. 1310049
c. 1521011 d. 1812221
SITUATION 16- 19
If the 3rd term of a GP is 28 and the 5th term is 112, find
22. 9th term of the sequence.
a. 1433 b. 1812
c.1792 d. 1344
23. Find the 1st term in the sequence.
a. 4 b. 5
c. 6 d. 7
24. the nth term of the sequence is 3584. n is
a. 9 b. 10
c. 11 d. 12
25. The sum of the first 10 terms.
a. 7161 b. 7321
c. 7781 d. 7323
26. The sequence x, 2x + 7, 10x 7 forms a geometric progression.
The sum of the first 10 terms of the geometric progression.
a. 206,668 b. 210,228
c. 234,122 d. 321,134
27. Four positive integers form an arithmetic progression. If the
product of the 1st and the last term is 70 and the 2 nd and the 3rd term is
88, find the 1st term.
a. 6 b. 7
c. 5 d. 8
28. What is the sum of all even integers from 10 to 500?
ECE Nov
a. 87,950 b. 124,950
c. 62,370 d. 65,955
29. What is the sum of all odd integers between 10 and 500?
ECE BOARD
a. 87,950 b. 124,950
c. 62,475 d. 65,955
30. How many terms of the progression 3, 5, 7 should there be so
that their sum will be 2600? ECE April 2005
a. 45 b. 50

Page 25
 c. 60 d. 48
31. The total amount collected from the contribuitions of 50 people
was P 1,630. If each man contributed P 50.00 , each woman P 25.00
and each child P 3.00, how many women are there?
a. 20 b. 23
c. 16 d. 18
32. If you divide 136 into two parts, one of which when divided by 5
leaves a remainder 2 and the other divided by 8 leaves a remainder 3,
then the product of the two parts is
a. 2223 b. 3412
c. 4561 d. 9822

Solution:
1. a30 = 4 + ( 30-1)3 = 91
CALCULATOR SOLN.
ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input:
X Y
1 4
2 7
ENTER: AC
30 y = 91
2. a100 = 1.01 + (100-1)(-0.01) = 0.02
CALCULATOR SOLN.
ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input:
X Y
1 1.01
2 1.00
ENTER: AC
100 y = 0.02
3. The series is a harmonic:
1/2 1/5 1/8
4th term is 1/(8 + 3) = 1/11
4. a5 = 123 a30 = 245

Page 26
 123 = a1 + 4d
245 = a1 + 29 d
USE MODE 5 1
a1 = 2587/25 d = 122/25
a12 = 2587/25 + 11(122/25) = 3929/25
CAL TECHNIQUE ( MODE 3 2)
X Y
5 123
30 245
12 y = 3929/25
5. 3rd term AP = 1/15
9th term AP = 1/6
ENTER: MODE 3 2
x y
3 1/15
9 1/6
Compute: 11 y = 1/5 Ans. 5
6. Sn = 0.5n( 2a1+ (n-1)d)
66 = 0.5n( -18 + (n-1)(3) )
n = 11
CAL TECHNIQUE
ENTER: MODE 3 3
Input:
X Y
0 0
1 -9
2 -9-6 = -15
661 Ans. 11
7. Day 1 5700
Day 2 5680
Day 3 5660
.. ..
5700 x 66 = 0.5n( 2(5700) + (n-1)(-20) )
n = 76
CAL TECHNIQUE:

Page 27
 ENTER MODE 3 3
X Y
0 0
1 5700
2 5700 + 5680
ENTER: ( 57000 x 66 ) 661; Ans. 76

8. Let x = number who died per day

216/3 = 72 days ( number of days the food will last
if there are no deaths)
72 + 9 = 81 days (actual number of days the food lasted)
Amount Consumed
Day 1 6400 x 3 = 19200 meal days
Day 2 3 (6400 - x)
.
Day 81 3 (6400 80x )
Sn = n/2 ( a1 + an )
6400(216) = [19200 + 3(6400-80x)] ( 81/2)
x = 17.78

9. ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input:
X Y
1 2
3 6
Then: 11 y = 22 and reciprocal = 1/22
10. Y = A + BX
when X = 110 Y = 140
X = 80 Y = 80
Then: A + 110B = 140
A + 80B = 80
ENTER: MODE 5 1
A = -80 B = 2
Then Y = -80 + 2x

Page 28
 when X = 250 Y = 420
420/250 = 1.68
CAL TECHNIQUE: MODE 3 2
X Y
110 140
80 80

250
= 1.68
250

11. ENTER: MODE 7

Input f(x) = X2+ 1 =
START = 1 END = 4 STEP = 1
Answers: 2 5 10 17
12. ENTER: MODE 7
Input: f(x) = x3 2x2 + 1
START = 1 END = 4 STEP = 1
Answers: 0 1 10 33

13. Man Days Consumed

1st 12 days 60 x 12 = 720
nd
2 12 days 55 x 12 = 648
xth 12 days (60 6(x-1) ) x 12

Let x = number of 12 days to finish the job.
60 x 72 = [720 + [60 5(x -1)] x 12 ] ( x/2)
x = 9 Thus no of days = 9 x 12 = 108

CAL TECHNIQUE: MODE 3 3

Input:
X Y
0 0
12 720
24 720 + 660
(60 X 72) 1 = 108

14. x ( 1 + 4 + 7 + . 64) = 1430

Page 29
 an = a1 + ( n-1) d
64 = 1 + (n-1)(3) n = 22
1 + 4 + 7 + .. 64 = ( 1 + 64)(22/2) = 715
x = 1430/715 = 2
15. Let a d = 1st number
a = 2nd number
a + d = 3rd number
Then: a d + a + a + d = 45
3a = 45; a = 15
15 d + 2 = 17 d ( 1st number in GP)
15 + 3 = 18 ( 2nd number in GP)
15 + d + 7 = 22 + d ( 3rd number in GP)
22 d 18
Then :
18 17 d
So, (22 + d)(17-d) = 182 ; d =5
16. X = number of item A
Y = number of item B
Z = number of item C
X + Y + Z = 100 or Z = 100 X - Y
50 X + 30 Y + Z = 1000
Substitute Z: 50X + 30Y + 100 X Y = 1000
49X + 29Y = 900
900 49 X
Y=
29
ENTER: MODE 7
900 49 X
Input f(x) = START = 0 END = 20 STEP = 1
29
The only exact value: when x = 16 F(x) = 4 Ans. 16 (a)

17. 61 + 58 + 55 + .. 10 = ?
10 = 61 + (n-1)(-3); n = 18
Sum = ( 61 + 10)/2 ( 18) = 639
18. 16.1 48.3 80.5 (AP)
ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input
X Y

Page 30
 1 16.1
2 48.3
ENTER: 10 y Ans. 305.9
19. a1 = 25 d=5 Sn = (n/2)( 2a1 + ( n -1) d )
= (n/2 ( 2(25) + ( n -1) 5 )
= n/2 ( 45 + 5n2)
= 5/2n2 + 45n/2
CAL TECHNIQUE
ENTER: MODE 3 3
Input:
X Y
0 0
1 25
2 25 + 30 = 55
Get A: SHIFT 1 5 1 = (A = 0 ) (or 1 5 1 ES +)
B: SHIFT 1 5 2 = (B = 22.5)
C: SHIFT 1 5 3 = ( C = 2.5 )
Y = A + Bn + Cn2 = 0 + 22.5n + 2.5n2
20. an = a1 rn-1 162 = a1r4
39366 =a1r9 ; r = ( 39366/162)1/5 = 3
a1 = 162/34 = 2
a3 = 2(3)2 = 18
CALCULATOR SOLUTION:
ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input
X Y
5 162
10 39366
COMPUTE 3 y Ans. 18
21. CALCULATOR SOLUTION.
ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input
X Y
4 189
6 1701

Page 31
 Compute 12 y Ans. 1240029
22. CALCULATOR SOLUTION.
ENTER: MODE 3 6
x y
3 28
5 112
Then: 9 y = 1792
23. 1 y = 7
24. 3584 x = 10
25. A = 3.5 ( Shift 1 5 1 )
B= 2 ( Shift 1 5 2 )
Compute ( AB x ,1,10) 7161
26. Solve for x first.
2 x 7 10 x 7

x 2x 7 OR ( 2x +7)( 2x + 7) = x( 10x 7) X=7

ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input:
X Y
1 7
2 21
A = ( Shift 1 71 ) = 7/3
B = (SHIFT 1 5 2 ) = 3
COMPUTE: (7/3 (3)X, 1, 10)
Ans. 206,668

27. Let: a = first term

a+ d = 2nd term
a + 2d = 3rd term
a + 3d = 4th term.
Then: ( a)( a + 3d ) = 70 (1)
(a + d)(a + 2d) = 88 (2)
From 1: a + 3d = 70/a 3d = 70/a a
d = ( 70/a a)/3 Substitute to eq. 2
[ a + ( 70/a a)/3 ] [a + 2( 70/a a)/3 ] = 88

Page 32
 USE SHIFT CALC INPUT the given choices for initial value.
a= 5
28. 500 = 10 + (n-1)(2) n = 246
sum = ( 10 + 500)/2 ( 246) = 62,370
CAL TECHNIQUE:
Compute how many even integers are between 10 to 500

MODE 3 2
X Y
1 10
2 12
500 = 246 (Number of even terms)
ENTER: MODE 3 3
X Y
0 0
1 10
2 10 + 12
246 = 62,370
29. First odd integer = 11
Last odd integer = 499
499 = 11 + (n-1)(2) n = 245
Sum = (11 + 499)/2 ( 245 ) = 62,475
CAL TECHNIQUE:
ENTER: MODE 3 2
X Y
1 11
2 13
499 = 245
ENTER: MODE 3 3
X Y
0 0
1 11
2 11+13
245= 62,475

30. Sn = 0.5n ( 2a1 + (n-1)d )

2600 = 0.5n( 6 + (n-1)2 ); n = 50
CAL TECHNIQUE:

Page 33
 MODE 3 3
X Y
0 0
1 3
2 3+5

26001 = 50
31. Let x = amount contributed by each man
y = amount contributed by each woman
z = amount contributed by each child
Then x + y + z = 50
50x + 25y + 3z = 1630
z = 50 x - y
50x + 25y + 3( 50 x y ) = 1630
47x + 22y = 1480
y = (1480 47x)/22
USE MODE 7
Enter f(X) = (1480 47x)/22
START = 1 END = 30 STEP = 1
Exact Values for x
X F(x)
2 63 Impossible
24 16 Possible
Thus x = 24 and y = 16 (Ans) c

32. Let x be the first part and y be the second part.

(1) x/5 = a+ 2/5 and (2) y/8 = b + 3/8
Then: x = 5a + 2 and y = 8b + 3
x + y = 136
5a + 2 + 8b + 3 = 136
5a + 8b = 131
b = ( 131 5a)/8
USE MODE 7: Input f(x) = ( 131 5x)/8
START? 1 END? 30 STEP? 1
Exact Values
a b
7 12 x = 5a + 2 = 37

Page 34
 y = 8(b) + 3 = 99
15 7 x = 5a + 2 = 77
y = 8b + 3 = 59
23 2 x = 5a + 2 = 117
y = 8b + 3 = 19
Ans. 117 x 19 = 2223

Problem Set 3 Part 2

Arithmetic and Geometric Progression, Rate Problems,
Quadratic Equation, Theory of Equations

31. The 1st term of the GP is 27 and the 4th term is -1. Find the 3rd
term.
a. 3 b. 2
c. -3 d. -2

32. The sum of the 1st 10 terms of a GP 2, 4, 8, 16.(ECE April

1998)
a. 1024 b. 2046
c. 3024 d. 4024

33. Find the sum 1 , -1/5, 1/25 ..

a. 2/3 b. 5/6
c. 1 d. 7/6

34. The numbers 28, x + 2, 112 form a geometric progression.

What is the 10th term? CE May 1995
a. 14536 b. 13463
c. 14336 d. 16344
35. Determine the sum of the infinite series 1/3 + 1/9 + 1/27 + ..
a. 4/5 b. 3/4
c. 2/3 d. 1/2
36. Find the sum of the infinite series 1 - 1/4 + 1/6 + ( CE May
1998 )

Page 35
 a. 4/5 b. 5/6
c. 6/7 d. 7/8
37. If 1/3 of the air in the tank is removed by each stroke of an air
pump, what fractional part of the total air is removed in 6 strokes?
a. 0.7122 b. 0.9122
c. 0.6122 d. 0.8122

SITUATION (Problems 38,39,40) PAST CEBOARD

The following data of road accident vs drivers age form a quadratic
function.
Age Accident per year
20 250
40 150
60 200

38. Find the coefficient of x2

a. 0.1875 b. 0.2125
c. 0.1575 d. 0.1765
39. Find the coefficient of x.
a. -14.75 b. -17.75
c. -15.25 d. -16.25
40. Find the number of accidents per year for an age of 30.
a. 154.75 b. 189.65
c. 254.25 d. 181.25
41. In a benefit show, a number of wealthy men agreed that the 1 st
one to arrive would pay 10 centavos to enter and each succeeding
arrival will pay twice as much as the preceding man. The total amount
collected is P 104, 857.50. How many wealthy men paid?
a. 18 b. 19
c. 20 d. 21
42. What is the equation whose roots are the reciprocal of 2x2- 3x- 5
= 0 PAST ECE BOARD
a. 5x2 + 3x 2 = 0 b. 5x2 - 3x 2 = 0
c. 5x + 3x 5 = 0
2 d. 5x2 - 3x 2 = 0
43. Two engineering students are solving a problem leading to a
quadratic equation. One student made a mistake in the coefficient of

Page 36
the first degree term and got roots of 2 and - 3. The other student
made a mistake in the coefficient of the constant term and got roots of
1 and 4. What is the correct equation?
a. x2 + 3x - 6 = 0 b. x2 3x - 9 = 0
c. x 3x - 7 = 0
2 d. x2 3x - 6 = 0
44. Determine k so that the equation 4x2 + kx + 1 = 0 will have just
one real solution. PAST ME BOARD
a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 5
45. With a wind velocity of 40 kph, it takes an airplane as long to travel
1,200 km with the wind as 900 km against it. How fast can the
airplane travel in still air? PAST ME BOARD
a. 240 kph b. 290 kph
c. 280 kph d. 300 kph
46. A boat travels downstream in 2/3 of the time as it goes going
upstream. If the velocity of the rivers current is 8 kph, determine the
velocity of the boat in still water.
a. 50 kph b. 40 kph
c. 45 kph d. 50 kph
47. A man leaves his house at 8:00 AM and traveling at an average
speed of 2 kph, arrives at his office 3 min ahead of the expected time.
Had he left his house at 8:30 am and traveled at an average speed of
3 kph, he will arrive 6 min late of the expected time. Find the distance
that he had traveled.
CE BOARD NOV 2005
a. 2.4 km b. 1.8 km
c. 2.1 km d. 2.4 km
48. A ball is dropped from a height of 120 ft and continuously
rebounds to 2/3 of the distance it falls. What is the total distance
traversed by the ball when it comes to rest?
a. 1000 ft b. 600 ft
c. 800 ft d. 750 ft
49. If one of the roots of ax + bx + c is 3 + 2 . Find the value
2

of b.
a. -6 b. 5
c. 10 d. -8

Page 37
50. If one of the roots of ax2 + bx + c is 2/3 + 5/9i where a, b and c
are integers, what is the value of c?
a. 62 b. -61
c. 59 d. 61
51. Factor 2x2 5x 63
a. ( 2x + 7)( x 9) b. ( 2x + 9)( x -7)
c. ( x + 63)( 2x -1) c. ( x + 1)( 2x 63)
52. If the two roots of the cubic equation 2x3 + ax2 + bx + 15 are 1
and 3, what is the value of a?
a. 2 b. 4
c. -3 d. 5
53. If two of the roots of the cubic equation ax3 + bx2 + cx + d are
3/2 + 4/5i and 7, and a , b, c and d are integral values, what is the
value of c?
a.2145 b. 2211
c. 1239 d. 2389
54. What is the sum of the geometric progression 2x, 4x + 14, 20x -
14 up to the 10th term? CE Nov 1998
a. 423,114 b. 431,222
c. 413,336 d. 341,116
55. Find the value of x in the equation
( x + yi)( 1- 2i) = 7 4i CE NOV 2004
a. 1 b. 3
c.5 d. 2
56. Find the summation of 5k 3 from k = 1 to k = 16.
CE Nov 2005
a. 612 b. 678
c. 632 d. 712
57. The geometric mean of 2 numbers is 8 while the arithmetic mean
is 4. The cube of the harmonic mean is CE Nov 2005
a. 4123 b. 4096
c. 5122 d. 5132

(Stuation Problems 58, 59, 60)

You are taking a test in which items of type A are worth 10 points
and items of type B are worth 15 points. It takes 3 minutes to answer

Page 38
each item of type A and 6 minutes for each item of type B. The total
time allowed is 60 min, and you may not answer more than 16
questions. Assuming all your answers are correct and you may not
answer more than 16 questions. Assume that all you answers are
correct.
PAST CE BOARD
58. Determine the number of type A question solved.
a. 13 b. 14
c. 12 d. 15
59. Determine the number of type B question solved.
a. 5 b. 6
c. 4 d. 8
60. The maximum score is
a. 180 b. 200
c. 220 d. 230

60-b. In a pile of log, each layer contains one more log than the layer
above and the top contains just one log. If there are 105 logs in the
pile, how many layers are there.
a. 12 b. 13
c. 14 d. 15

60-c In a racing contest , there are 240 cars which will have provisions
that will last for 15 hrs. Assuming constant hourly consumption for
each car, how long will the provisions last if 8 cars withdraw from the
race every hr after the 1st?
a. 24 b. 25
c. 26 d. 27

60-d To conserve energy due to present energy crisis, Meralco tried to

readjust their charges to electrical energy users who consume more
than 2000 kw-hrs. For the 1st 100 kw hr, they charge P 0.40 and
increasing at a constant rate more than the preceding one until the 5th
100 kw hr is charge P 0.76. How much is the average charge for the
electrical energy per 100 kw hr? PAST CE BOARD

Page 39
 a. 0.78 b. 0.58
c. 0.32 d. 0.61

60e. A man left his home at past 3:00 PM as indicated in his wall
clock. Between 2 to 3 hrs after, he returned home and noticed the
hands of the clock interchanged. At what time did he leave his home?
PAST ECE BOARD
a. 3:32.17 b. 3:31.47
c. 3:21.33 d. 3:31.88

60f. In a mixed company of Poles, Italians, Greeks, Turks and

GermansThe poles are one less than 1/3 of the Germans; and 3 less
than half the Italians; the Germans and the Turks outnumber the
Greek and the Italians by 3; the Greeks and the Germans form one
less than half the company and the Greeks and the Italians form 7/16
of the company. How many Germans are there? PAST CE BOARD
EXAM
a. 40 b. 32
c. 24 d. 18

SOLUTION:
31. an = a1rn-1
-1 = 27r4-1; r = (-1/27)1/3 = -1/3
a3 = 27(-1/3)2 = 3
a1(1 r n ) 2(1 210 )
32. Sn = = 2046
1 r 1 2
a1 a 1
33. Sn = = 1 5/6
1 r 1 r 1 ( 1/ 5)
34. ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input
X Y
1 28
3 112
10 y = 14336

Page 40
 a1 1/ 3
35. Sn = = 1/2
1 r 1 1/ 3
1
36. Sn = 4/5
1 ( 1/ 4)
37. Amount Removed Amount Remaining
First time 1/3 2/3
2nd time 1/3(2/3)= 2/9 2/3 2/9 = 4/9
3rd time 1/3(4/9) = 4/27 4/9 4/27 = 8/27

ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input
X Y
1 2/3
2 4/9
6 y = 0.0877914952
38. ENTER: MODE 3 3 ( Y = A + BX + CX2 )
Input the given data
X Y
20 250
40 150
60 200
Y = A + BX + CX2
C = SHIFT 1 7 3 = 0.1875 ( or SHIFT 1 5 3)

39. B = SHIFT 1 7 2 =-16.25 ( or SHIFT 1 5 2 )

40. 30 y = 181.25
41. 0.10 + 0.20 + 0.40 + = 104,857.50
0.1(1 2n )
104,857.50 n = 20
1 2
42. Solve for x in 2x2 3x 5 = 0 (MODE 5 3 )
x = 5/2 and - 1
Reciprocal 2/5 and - 1
b = - ( x1 + x2 ) = 3/5
c = x1x2 = 2/5(-1) = -2/5
Equation: x2 + 3/5x 2/5 = 0 or 5x2 + 3x 2 = 0

Page 41
43. For 2 and - 3 ( x 2)(x + 3)= x2 + x 6 1x is wrong.
For -1 and 4 ( x +1)( x -4) = x2 -3x 4 -4 is wrong.
Correct equation. x2 -3x 6

44. Discriminant b2 4ac = 0

k2 4(4)(1) = 0 k = 4, -4

45. Let v = velocity in still air.

Distance = rate x time
1200 = ( v + 40)(t)
900 = ( v - 40)(t)
1200/900 = (v + 40)/(v - 40) or: 4/3(v - 40) = v + 40
USE SHIFT CALC. Ans. v = 280
46. Distance = rate x time
Let X = distance t = time V = VELOCITY in still water
X = ( V + 8)(2/3t)
X = ( V -8) t
(V + 8)(2/3t) = (V -8 )t
(V + 8)(2/3) = V 8 V = 40
47. Let T = expected time.
Distance = rate x time
D = distance from house to office
8 rate = 2 kph T- 3/60
8 .5 rate = 3 kph T + 6/60

D = 2( T- 3/60 - 8 ) (1)
D = 3( T + 6/60 8.5) (2)
Arrange:
D 2T = 2( - 3/60 8)
D 3T = 3( 6/60 8.5 )
USE MODE 5 1
D = 2.1 Y = 9.1 D = 2.1 km Expected time = 9:06
48. Total distance =
120 + 2 [ 2/3(120) + 2/3( 2/3(120) + 2/3(2/3)(2/3) 120 + . ]

Page 42
 2 / 3(120)
120 + 2 ( ) = 600 ft
1 2 / 3
49. [x ( 3 + 2)][ x ( 3 - 2 ) ] = ( x 3)2 (3)2 = x2 6x + 9 3
= x2 6x + 6; b = - 6
50. x1 + x2 = -b/a = -b/1
-b = -2/3 + 5/9i + 2/3 5/9i = 4/3
b = -4/3
x1 x2 = c/a = c c = ( 2/3 + 5/9i)(2/3-5/9i) = 61/81
The equation is x2 - 4/3x + 61/81 = 0
81x2 - 108x + 61 = 0
51. Solve 2x2 5x 63 = 0 using MODE 5 3
Ans. X1 = 7 , X2 = - 9/2
( x 7)( x + 9/2) = 0 or ( x -7)( 2x + 9) are the factors.
52. f(x) = 2x3 + ax2 + bx + 15
f(1) = 0 0 = 2 + a + b + 15 a + b = -17
f(3) = 0 0 = 2(33) + a(32) + 3b + 15
9a + 3b = -69
a =-3 b = -14

53. Let f(x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d

If 3/2 + 4/5i is a root, the other root is 3/2 4/5i
Form the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0
b = -(x1 + x2) = - ( 3/2 + 4/5i + 3/2 4/5i) = - 3
c = x1x2 = ( 3/2 + 4/5i)(3/2 4/5i) = 289/100
So ax2 + bx + c = x2 - 3x + 289/100 = 0
100x2 300x + 289 = 0
Then: ( x 7)( 100x2 300x + 289 ) =100x3 -1000x2 + 2389x
2023
c = 2389
54. Solve for x:
(4x + 14)/ 2x = ( 20x 14)/ (4x + 14)
( 4x + 14)2 = (2x)(20x -14)
16x + 112x + 196 = 40x2 28x
2

-24x2 + 140x + 196 = 0 (MODE 5 3 )

x = 7 and -7/6
Use x = 7

Page 43
 1st term = 14; 2nd term = 4(7) + 14 = 42
So, r = 42/14 = 3
1 r n 14(1 3 10 )
Then, Sn = a1 = 413336
1 r 1 3
55. x + yi = ( 7 4i)/( 1 2i ) = 3 + 2i
( Note: ENTER: MODE 5 2 and ENTER:
( 7 4i)/( 1 2i ) = 3 + 2i
x + yi = 3 + 2i x = 3, y = 2
16
56. ENTER: 5x 3 = 632
1
57. Let X , Y be the numbers.
xy 8 xy = 64
xy
4 x+y= 8 x+y=8
2
2 2xy
Harmonic mean for x and y =
1/ x 1/ y xy
8( xy )3 8(64)3
Cube of harmonic mean = 4096
( x y )3 83
58. 3A + 6B = 60
A + B = 16
A =12; B = 4
59. B = 4
60. Max score = 10A + 15B = 10(12) + 15(4) = 180

60-b . 1 + 2 + 3 + . n = 105
Sn = n/2 ( 2 (1) + ( n -1 )( 1 ) = 105
n = 14
CALCULATOR SOLUTION:
MODE 3 3
x y
0 0
1 1
2 1+ 2 = 3
= 14
1051

Page 44
60c. 240(15) = 240 + 232 + 224 +
ENTER: MODE 3 3
x y
0 0
1 240
2 240 + 232
= 25
( 240 x 15 ) 1

60d. To get the constant increase:

MODE 3 2
1 0.4
5 0.76
B (SHIFT 1 5 2) = 0.09
Sum = n/2 ( a1 + an ) = 5/2( 0.4 + 0.76) =P 2.9
Average Charge = P 2.9/5 =P 0.58 / 100 kw hr

60e. Let X = position of the minute hand after 3 PM ( minutes)

15 + X/12 = position of the hr hand.
Y = Position of the minute hand after 6 PM ( observed position)
30 + Y/12 = postion of the hr hand.
But the hands interchanged
X = 30+ Y/12
Y = 15 + X/12
Then, X Y/12 = 30
-X/12 + Y = 15
USE MODE 5 1 : X = 31.47

60f. Let A = number of Poles

B = numberof Italians
C = number of Greeks
D = number of Turks
E = number of Germans
A = 1/3 E 1

Page 45
 A = B- 3
E + D - (C+ B) = 3
C+ E= ( A+B+C+D+ E)- 1
C + B = 7/16 ( A + B + C + D + E )
The system is
3A = E 3 E = 3A + 3 (1)
2A = B 6 B = 6 + 2A (2)
E+D -CB =3 (3)
2C + 2E = A + B + C + D + E - 2 (4)
16C + 16B = 7A + 7B + 7C + 7D + 7E (5)

Substitute E = 3A + 3 AND B = 6 + 2A
3A + 3 + D C - ( 6 + 2A ) = 3
A -C + D = 6 (6)

2C + 2( 3A + 3) = A + 6 + 2A + C + D + 3A + 3 - 2
A+ C -D =1 (7)

16C + 16 ( 6 + 2A ) = 7A + 7( 6 + 2A ) + 7C + 7D + 7(3A +
3)
-10A + 9C 7D = -33 (8)
MODE 5 2 Solve (6), (7) , (8).
A = 7; D = 15; C = 14; E = 3A+3= 24; B = 6 + 2A = 20

PROBLEM SET 3 ( PART 3 CONTINUATION OF PART 2

AND WORK and GEOMETRY PROBLEMS)

61. Two runners A and B complete for a race of 1000 m long. It took
130 sec for A to reach the finish line and for B 138 sec. How far was
B behind A when A reaches the finish line? PAST CE BOARD
a. 58.78 m b. 58.02 m
c. 59.21 m d. 53.43 m

Page 46
62. A boatman rows to a place 48 km distant and back in 14 hrs. He
finds that he can row 4 km with the stream in the same time as 3 km
against the stream. Find the rate of the stream.
a. 0.8 km /hr b. 0.9 km/hr
c. 1 km/hr d. 1.1 km/hr
63. The sum of 4 integers in an arithmetic progression is 24 and their
product is 945. Find the smallest possible integer.
a. 4 b. 3
c. 5 d. 10
64. If 4, 2, 5 and 18 are added respectively to an arithmetic
progression, the resulting series is a geometric progression. What is
the highest number in the AP?
a. 23 b. 22
c. 21 d. 20
65. A man set out from a certain point and traveled at the rate of 6
km/hr. After A had gone 2 hrs, another man B set out to overtake him
and went 4 km the 1st hr, 5 km the 2nd hr, 6 km the 3rd hr and so on
gaining 1 km every hr. After how many hrs will they be together?
PAST CE BOARD
a. 7 b. 8
c. 6 d. 9
66. A and B start at the same time from 2 places 91 km apart and
they travel toward each other. A travels at a constant rate of 5 1/2
km/hr , while B travels 3 km for the 1st hr, 4.5 km for the 2nd hr, 6 km
for the 3rd hr and so on. Where will they meet? PAST CE BOARD
a. 38 km from A b. 38.5 km from A
c. 39 km from A d. 40 km from A
67. A cask containing 20 liters of wine was emptied 1/5 of its contents
and then filled with water. If this is done 6 times, how many liters of
wine will remain in the cask?
a. 5.242 liters b. 5.811 liters
c. 6.242 liters d. 6.134 liters
68. There are 4 geometric means between 3 and 729. Find the 4th
term of the geometric progression. CE Nov 2000
a. 27 b. 81
c. 143 d. 229

Page 47
69. Find the 5th term of the series whose sum of n terms is given by
3n+2-6. CE May 2001
a. 1238 b. 1358
c. 1345 d. 1458
70. A messenger travels from point A to point B. If he will leave at
8:00 AM and travel at 2.00 kph, he will arrive 3 minutes earlier than
his expected time of arrival. However, if he will leave at 8:30 AM, and
travel at 3 kph, he will arrive 6 min later than the expected time. What
is the expected time of arrival? PAST CE BOARD
a. 9:03 AM b. 9:04 AM
c. 9:06 AM d. 9:07 AM
SITUATION (PROBLEMS 71, 72, 73)
The 10th term of a GP is 39366 and the 4th term is 54.
71. Find the common ratio.
a.2 b. 3
c.4 d. 5
72. Find the 1st term.
a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 5
th
73. Find the 7 term
a. 1249 b. 1431
c. 1458 d. 1259
74. The 1 term of an AP is 2 and the 6th term is 12. Find the sum of
st

the 1st 12 terms.

a. 156 b. 158
c. 152 d. 134
75. An audience of 540 person is seated in rows having the same
number of persons in each row. If 3 more persons sit in each row, it
would require 2 rows less to seat the audience. How many persons
were in each row originally?
a. 28 b. 29
c. 27 d. 30
76. Factor 6x + 35x + 21x 20
3 2

a. ( 3x + 4)( 2x -5)( x + 1) b. ( 2x + 1)( 3x-5)( x + 4)

c. (3x +4)(2x-1)(x +5) d. (3x +1)(2x + 4)( x -5)
77. How many irrational roots are there in x6 3x4 -18x2 + 40 ?

Page 48
 a. 0 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
78. From the equation 7x + (2k-1)x 3k + 2 = 0, determine the
2

value of k so that the sum and product of the roots are equal. PAST
ECE BOARD
a. 2 b. 4
c. 1 d. 2

79. Solve for x if 8x = 2y+2 163x-y = 4y PAST ECE BOARD

a. 2 b. 4
c. 1 d. 2
st
80. Determine the sum of the 1 10 terms if the general term of the
sequence is 3n 2. PAST CE BOARD
a. 98221 b. 88552
c. 67112 d. 82133
81. The arithmetic mean and geometric mean of 2 numbers are 10
and 8 respectively. Find the harmonic mean.
a. 6.4 b. 5.7
c. 7.4 d. 3.9
82. An earthquake emits a primary and secondary wave. Near the
surface of the earth, the primary wave travels at about 5 miles per
second, and the secondary wave travels at about 3 miles per second.
Suppose a station measures a time difference of 12 seconds between
the arrival of the two waves. How far is the earthquake from the
station?
a. 80 miles b. 90 miles
c. 70 miles d. 60 miles
83. A boat takes 1.5 times as long to go 360 miles up a river than to
return. If the boat cruises at 15 miles per hr in still water, what is the
rate of the current?
a. 2 mph b. 3 mph
c. 4 mph d. 5 mph
84. A plane travels from 2 airports with a distance of 1500 km with a
wind along its flight line. It takes the airplane 2 hrs with the tailwind

Page 49
and 2.5 hrs with the headwind. Determine the velocity of the airplane
in still air.
a. 650 kph b. 660 kph
c. 675 kph d. 600 kph
85. A piece of paper is 0.05 in thick. Each time the paper is folded
into half, the thickness is doubled. If the paper was folded 12 times,
how thick in feet the folded paper be? PAST ECE BOARD
a. 10.24 b. 12.34
c. 17.10 d. 11.25
86. It takes an airplane 1 hr and 45 min to travel 500 miles against
the wind and covers the same distance in one hr and 15 min with the
wind. What is the speed of the airplane?

a. 341.45 mph b. 342. 85 mph

c. 371.23 mph d. 355.56 mph
87. A cat is now 50 of her own leaps ahead of a dog which is
pursuing her. How many more leaps will the cat take before it is
overtaken if she takes 5 leaps while the dog takes 4, but 2 of the
dogs leap are equivalent to 3 of the cats leap.
a. 200 b. 220
c. 230 d. 250
88. A policemen is pursuing a thief who is ahead by 72 of his own
leaps. The thief takes 6 leaps while the policemen is taking 5 leaps,
but 4 leaps of the thief are as long as 3 leaps of the policemen. How
many leaps will the policeman make before the thief is caught?
a. 520 b. 530
c. 540 d. 550
89. An oil drilling rig in the gulf of Mexico stands so that 1/5 of it is in
sand, 20ft in water and 2/3 of it in still air. What is the total height of
the rig?
a. 140 ft b. 150 ft
c. 160 ft d. 170 ft
90. A minor chord is composed of notes whose frequencies are in the
ratio 10:12:15. If the 1st note of a minor chord is A, with a frequency
of 220 Hz, what is the frequency of the 3rd note?
a. 340 b. 330

Page 50
 c. 350 d. 380
91. The seating section in a coliseum has 30 seats in the 1 st row, 32
seats in the 2nd row, 34 seats in the 3rd row and so on until the 10th
row is reached, after which there are 10 rows, each containing 50
seats. Find the total number of seats in the section. ECE April 2001
a. 900 b. 910
c. 910 d. 890
Situation (Problems 92, 93, 94)
A construction job could be finished in 150 days if 50 men are
working full time. 60 men started working on the job and after 20 days,
20 more men were added. After 80 days 60 men quit the job.
92. How long could it take for them to finish the job?
a. 145 b. 155
c. 120 d. 115
93. How much penalty would the contractor pay if the contract
specifies a penalty of P 10,000 per day being delayed.
a. 40,000 b. 45,000
c. 55,000 d. 50,000

94. What is the labor cost if each worker is paid P 350 a day?
a. 3,234, 000 b. 2,625,000
c. 4,125,000 d. 3,125,000
95. The time required for 2 examinees to solve the same problem
differs by 2 minutes. Together, they can solve 32 problems in 1 hr.
How long will it take for the slower problem solver to solve the
problem?
ECE BOARD Nov 1999
a. 4 min b. 5 min
c. 6 min d. 7 min
96. One pipe can fill the tank in 6 hrs and another can fill the same
tank in 3 hrs. Another pipe can drain the tank in 7 hrs. With all the 3
pipes open, how long will it take to fill the pipe? ECE Board April 2001
a. 2.7 hrs b. 2.8 hrs
c. 2.9 hrs d. 3.1 hrs

Page 51
97. Twenty eight (28 men) can finish the job in 60 days. At the start of
the 16th day 5 men were laid off and after the 45th day 10 more men
were hired. How many days were they delayed in finishing the job?
CE Nov 2000
a. 2.27 b. 2.45
c. 3.67 d. 1.25

Situation Problems 99, 100

A contractor hired 28 workers with a daily wage of
P150 for a job that could be finished in 60 days. He wanted to finish
the job earlier so he hired additional 6 workers at the start of the 16 th
day and 14 more at the start of the 46th day.
98. How many days dit it complete the job?
a. 45 b. 50
c. 55 d. 60
99. If the contractor were given a bonus of P 5000 per day for the
number of days he would complete the job earlier, how much bonus
did he get?
a, 45,000 b, 50,000
c. 55,000 d. 60,000
100. If the daily wage of the additional workers were P 175, how
much did the contractor pay for the salary of all workers for the
completion of the project?

a. 256,000 b. 294,000
c. 245,000 d. 259,000

101. A pump can pump out water from a tank in 11 hrs. Another
pump can pump out water from the same tank in 20 hrs. How long
will it take both pumps to pump out water in the tank? PAST ME
BOARD
a. 7.1 hrs b. 6. 1 hrs
c 7.5 hrs d. 6.5 hrs
102. A 400 mm diameter pipe can fill the tank alone in 5 hrs and
another 600 mm diameter pipe can fill the tank alone in 4 hrs. A drain

Page 52
pipe can empty the tank in 20 hrs. With all the 3 pipes open, how long
will it take to fill the tank? PAST CE Nov 1993
a. 2 hrs b. 2.5 hrs
c. 2.25 hrs d. 2.75 hrs
103. Pedro can paint the fence 50% faster that Juan and 20% faster
than Pilar and together they can paint a given fence in 4 hrs. How long
will it take to paint the same fence if he had to work alone? PAST ECE
BOARD
a. 6 b. 8
c. 10 d. 12
104. It takes Butch twice as long to do a certain piece of work
compared to Peter. Working together they can do the work in 6 days.
How long will it take Peter to do the work alone? PAST CE BOARD
a. 9 days b. 10 days
c. 11 days d. 12 days

105. Crew no 1 can finish installation of an antenna tower in 200

man hrs while Crew no 2 can finish the same job in 300 man hrs. How
long will it take both crews to finish the same job working together?
PAST ECE BOARD
a. 100 man hr b. 120 man hr
c. 140 man hr d. 160 man hr

106. A man can do job three times as fast as a boy. Working together
it would take them 6 hrs to do the same job. How long will it take the
man to do the job alone? ECE April 2003
a. 9 hrs b. 8 hrs
c. 7 hrs d. 10 hrs

107. X can do the job 50% faster than y and 20% faster than Z. If
they work together, they can finish the job in 4 days. How many days
will it take X to finish the job if he is to work alone? ECE Board April
2004
a. 18 b. 10
c. 12 d. 6

Page 53
108. The sum of the 1st 5 numbers in AP is 15 and the sum of the
1st 20 terms is -90. What is the 2nd term?
a. 4 b. 10
c. 7 d. 11
109. A and B compete in a race. A runs at a constant rate of 126
m/min while B runs 145 m, the 1st min, 143 m the 2nd min, 141 m the
3rd min and so on. When will A and B be together again. PAST CE
BOARD
a. 19 hrs b. 22 hrs
c. 20 hrs d. 21 hrs
110. The side of the square is 6 cm long. A second square is
inscribed by joining the midpoints of the sides of the second square
and so on. Find the sum of the areas of the infinite number of
inscribed squares thus formed. PAST CE BOARD
a. 48 cm2 b. 72 cm2
c. 38 cm 2 d. 78 cm2

111- 112 An equilateral triangle is incscribed within a circle whose

diameter is 12 cm. In this triangle, a circle is inscribed and in this
circle, another equilateral triangle is inscribed and so on indefinitely.

111. Find the sum of all the perimeters of the triangles

a. 243 b. 363
c. 483 d. 203
112. Find the sum of the areas.
a. 243 b. 363
c. 483 d. 203
113. Two boys A and B runs at a constant rates and in the same
direction around a circular track whose circumeference is 40 m. A
makes one circuit in 2 sec less time than B , and they are together
once every minute. Find the rate of A.
a. 3 m/s b. 5 m/s
c. 4 m/s d. 7 m/s
114. A train , one hour after starting, meets with an accident which
detains it an hour , after which it proceeds at 3/5 of its former rate and
arrived 3 hrs after the time. Had the accident happened 50 km farther

Page 54
on the line, it would have arrived 1.5 hrs sooner. Find the length of
the journey. PAST CE BOARD
a. 87.91 km b. 92.23 km
c. 88.89 km d. 83.34 km

115. Two Pals P1 and P2 run at a constant speeds along a circular

track 1350 m in circumference. Running in opposite directions, they
meet every 3 minutes, while running in the same direction, they are
together every 27 minutes. Find the speed of the slower Pal. PAST
CE BOARD
a. 100 m/min b. 200 m/min
c. 180 m/min d. 220 m/min

116. Two Cars 2000 m apart are approaching each other. Car A
is moving at a constant speed of 10 m/s while Car B is moving at a
constant speed of 12 m/s. Super Fly ( speed = 15 m/s) started
from A and flew back and forth from A to B , B to A and so on until A
and B met.
What was the total distance traveled by Superfly? PAST CE BOARD
a. 1234.56 m b. 1457.33 m
c. 1363.63 m d. 1451.23 m

Solution:
61. Time for A to reach the finish line = 130 sec.
Velocity of B = 1000/138 = 500/69 m/s
Distance of B when A reaches the finish line =
500/69 x 130
= 942. 029 m
Distance between A and B = 1000 - 942.029 = 57.97 m = 58 m
62. Distance = rate x time
Let x = rate of stream y = rate of boat in still water
t = time
Upstream: 3= (yx)t
Downstream: 4 = ( y + x ) t

Page 55
 3 4
3( y + x) = 4(y x) (1)
yx yx
Arrange: y = 7x
48 = ( y - x) t up 48 = ( y + x) tdown
tup + tdown = 14
48/( y x ) + 48/( y + x ) = 14 (2)

Substitute y = 7x to eq. 2.
48/( 7x x) + 48/( 7x + x ) = 14
48/(6x) + 48/(8x) = 14
8x + 6x = 14 x=1
63. Let a = first integer a + d = 2nd integer
a+2d= 3rd integer a+3d= 4th integer
a + a + d + a + 2d + a + 3d = 24
4a + 6d = 24 2a + 3d = 12 d = (12 -2a)/3
( a)( a + d)( a + 2d )( a + 3d ) = 945
Use trial and error:
ENTER: D = 6 A: A( A + D)( A + 2D)( A + 3D)
CALC 4 = = (1ST choice)
Display: 4/3 10340/9 Wrong!
CALC 3 = = (2nd choice)
DISPLAY: 2 945 Ans. a = 3
64. Let A 3D , A 2D, A D, A be the numbers.
A 3D + 4, A 2D + 2, A - D + 5, A + 18 be the GP
A 18 AD5 AD5 A 2D 2
(1) and (2)
A D 5 A 2D 2 A 2D 2 A 3D 4
From 1 ( A D + 5)2 = ( A + 18)( A 2D + 2 )
From 2 ( A 2D + 2)2 = ( A D + 5)( A 3D + 4 )
Using Trial and Error:
Substitute A = 23 from 1 , then D = 7.248
From 2: If A = 23 and D = 7.248
( A 2D + 2)2 = 110.31 ( A D + 5)( A 3D + 4 ) = 109.04
From 1: If A = 22 , D = 7 or -18
( A 2D + 2)2 = 100 ( A D + 5)( A 3D + 4 ) = 100
A =22 Ans. ( c)

Page 56
65. Distance = rate x time
A. distance = ( t + 2)(6)
B t = 1 D = 4, t = 2, D = 5, t = 3 D = 6
(Arithmetic Progression)
distance = t/2( 2(4) + ( t -1)1 )
= 0.5t( 8 + t 1) = 0.5t(7 + t)
distance A = distance B
( t +2)(6) = 0.5t( 7 + t) t = 8
CAL TECHNIQUE: ENTER: MODE 3 3
X = TIME of after 2 hrs
Y = DISTANCE BETWEEN THEM AT TIME
X Y
0 6x2 = 12
1 12 + 6 4 = 14
2 14 + 6 - 5 = 15
The distance will be zero at 0x 2 = 8 hrs
66. A -------- 91 km apart ------------- B
SA = 5.5t
For SB t=1 S=3
t = 2 S = 4.5
t=3 S=6
SB = 0.5t( 2(3) + (t-1)(1.5) )
= 0.5t( 6 + 1.5t 1.5 ) = 0.5t( 4.5 + 1.5t )
SA + SB = 91
5.5t + 0.5t( 4.5 + 1.5t ) = 91
t = 7 SA = 38.5
CAL TECHNIQUE:
Let X = time
Y = distance between A and B at time X
MODE 3 3
X Y
0 91
1 91 5.5 3 = 82.5
2 82.5 5.5 4.5 = 72.5
They will meet when the distance is zero.

Page 57
 0 x 2 = 7
Thus they will meet at 7 x 5.5 = 38.5 Km from A.
67. t = 0 wine = 20 l water = 0
t = 1 wine = 4/5(20) = 16 l water = 4 l
t = 2 wine = 4/5(16) = 12.8 water = 7.2 l
ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input:
X Y
1 16
2 12.8
Compute: 6 y = 5.24288 liters
68. ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input:
X Y
1 3
6 729
Compute: 4 y = 81
69. Sn = 3n+2 6
ENTER: MODE 7
f(x) = 3x+2 6
ENTER: START = 1 END = 8 STEP = 1
DISPLAY:
1 21
2 75
3 237
4 723
5 2181
6 6555
5TH term = 2181 723 = 1458
70. Let T = expected time.
Let D = distance from A to B
X = rate
Distance = rate x time
D = 2( T 3/60 8) 3 min early
D = 3( T + 6/60 8.5 ) 6 min late

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 2( T 3/60 8) = 3( T + 6/60 8.5 )
T = 9.1 or 9 + 0.1 x 60 = 9: 06
71. ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input
X Y
10 39366
4 54
Common Ratio = B ( SHIFT 1 7 2) = 3
72. 1st term = 1 y = 2
73. 7th term = 7 y = 1458
74. ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input
X Y
1 2
6 12
A = 0 B = 2 Sequence = { 2x }
(2 x,1,12) 156
75. Let X = number of seats in a row Y = number of rows.
Then: XY = 540 Y = 540/X
( X + 3 ) ( Y -2) = 540
( X + 3)( 540/X 2 ) = 540
X = 27
76. Solve 6x + 35x2 + 21x 20 = 0 using MODE 5 4
3

Ans. x = -5 , x = 1/2 , x = - 4/3

( x + 5)( x 1/2)( x + 4/3 ) = 0
( x + 5)( 2x 1)( 3x + 4) =factors
77. Let z = x2
z3 3z2 18z + 40 = 0
Solve using MODE 5 4
Z = -4 , Z = 5 and Z = 2
Z = x2
x = Z then x = (+, -) 5 and x = ( +, - ) 2
There are 4 irrational roots and 2 imaginary roots -2, --2
78. For: ax2 + bx + c = 0
r1 + r2 = -b/a r1 r2 = c/a

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 -b/a = c/a b = - c
(2k-1) = -(-3k +2 ) ( USE SHIFT CALC ) k = 1
79. 8x = 2y+2 23x = 2y+2 3x = y + 2
163x-y = 22y 24(3x-y) = 22y 4(3x y) = 2y
Arrange the equations.
3x y = 2
12x -6y = 0 USE MODE 5 1
x=2 , y= 4
10
80. Input: (3 X 2) Ans. 88552
1
81. Let x and y be the numbers.
xy
10 and xy 8
2
x + y = 20 (1) xy = 64 (2)
2 2 xy 2xy 2(64)
HM = = 6.4
1 1 xy xy 20

x y
82. Let t1 = time to to travel (primary wave to station)
t2 = time to travel ( secondary wave to station)
Distance = time x rate time = Distance / rate
t1 = D/5 t2 = D/3 t2 - t1 = 12 = D/3 D/5
12 = D/3 D/5 USE SHIFT CALC D = 90
83. Distance = rate x time
Let X = rate of current Y = time to go downstrem
Upstream: 360 = ( 15 X ) ( 1.5 Y )
Downstream: 360 = ( 15 + X) Y
Divide the 2 equations.
(15 X )(1.5)
1 OR 15 + X = 1.5( 15 X)
15 X
USE SHIFT C ALC , X = 3
84. Distance = rate x time
Let X = velocity of the plane in still air
Y = velocity of the wind
1500 = ( X + Y) 2
1500 = ( X Y) 2.5

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 Arrange:
2X + 2Y = 1500
2.5X 2.5Y = 1500 USE MODE 5 1
X = 675 Y = 75

85. ENTER: MODE 3 6

INPUT
X Y
1 0.1 (First folding)
2 0.2 (2nd folding)
12y = 204.8 in = 17.0666 ft
86. Let X = velocity of airplane Y = velocity of the wind
500 = ( X + Y)( 1 + 15/60)
500 = ( X Y)( 1 + 45/60)
OR
500 = 1.25X + 1.25Y
500 = 1.75 X 1.75Y USE MODE 5 1
X = 342.857 Y = 57.14
87. ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input ( X = leap of the cat,
Y = distance between dog and cat in terms of
cats leap)
X Y
0 50
1 50 + 1 -( 4/5)(3/2) = 49.8
COMPUTE x when y = 0 ( 0 x ) = 250 cats leap
Note: 1 cats leap = 4/5 dog leap x ( 3/2)
88. ENTER MODE 3 2
X = THIEFS LEAP
Y = distance between thief and policeman in terms of
thiefs leap
Input
X Y
0 72
1 72 + 1 5/6(4/3) = 71.8888889
COMPUTE: 0 x = 648 leaps of the thief

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 or 648 x 5/6 = 540 leaps of the policemen
89. Let X = total height of the rig. X = 1/5 X + 20 + 2/3X
USE SHIFT CALC X = 150
90. 10: 12: 15 is the same as 1: 1.2: 1.5
frequency of the 3rd note = 1.5 x 220 = 330
91. ENTER: MODE 3 3
Input:
X Y
0 0
1 32 ( 32 seats in the 1st row)
2 32 + 34 = 66 seats in the 2nd row
Compute 10 y Ans. 410
Total number of seats = 410 + 10(50) = 910
92. Let x = additional number of days to finish the job
60(20) + 80(60) + 20x = 150(50)
x= 75
The job was finished in 80 + 75 = 155 days
93. Penalty =( 155 150) x 10000 = 50,000
94. Labor cost = 150 x 50 x 350 = 2, 625,000
95. Let X = number of hrs A can solve the problem
Y = number of hrs B can solve the same problem
60/x + 60/y = 32
x y = 2 or y = x - 2
60/x + 60/( x -2) = 32
USE SHIFT CALC 4 (ENTER THE 1st choice)
Ans. X = 5
96. Let x = number of hrs to fill the tank
X/6 + X/3 X/7 = 1
X = 2.8 hrs
97. Let X = additional days to finish the job
28 x 15 + 23 x 30 + 33X = 28 x 60
X = 17.27
Days delayed = 15 + 30 + 17.27 60 = 2.27
98. Let X = number of days the work can be finished at the start of
the
46th day

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 28 x 15 + 34 x 30 + 48X = 28 x 60 , X= 5
Number of days finished = 15 + 30 + 5 = 50 days
99. 10 x 5 000 = P 50,000

100. 28 x 60 x 175 = 294,000

101. Let X = total number of hrs to pump out the water
X/ 11 + X/20 = 1
X= 7.1
102. Let X = time to fill the tank
X/5 + X/4 X/20 = 1 X = 2.5

103. Let X = time for Pedro to finish

Y = time for Juan to finish
Z = time for Pilar to finish
Y = 1.5 X (1)
Z = 1.2 X (2)
4/X + 4/Y + 4/Z = 1 (3)
4/X + 4/(1.5X) + 4/(1.2X) = 1
X = 10

104. Let X = time for Peter to do the work

2X = time for Butch to do the work
6/2X + 6/X = 1 X=9

105. Let X = number of man hrs to finish the job working together.
X/ 200 + X/300 = 1
X = 120

106. Let X = time for Man to finish the job

3X = time for Boy
6/X + 6/(3X) = 1
X = 8

107. Let X = number of hrs for X to finish

Y = number of hrs for Y to finish
Z = number of hrs for Z to finish

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 Y = 1.5 X Z = 1.2 X 4/X + 4/Y + 4/Z = 1
4/(X) + 4/(1.5X) + 4/(1.2X) = 1 X = 10

108. ENTER: MODE 3 3

X Y
0 0
5 15
20 -90

2 1 = 4 ANS.
109. ENTER: MODE 3 3
x = time y = distance between them
0 0
1 145 126 = 19
2 19 + 143 126 = 36
= 20 hrs
They will be together at 0 2

110.

Area of the 1st square = 6 x 6 = 36

The second square has side 32 + 32 = 32
Area of the second square = ( 32 )2 = 18
and so on. ratio = 18/36 =
Sum = a1/( 1 r ) = 36/( 1 ) = 72

111-112

Page 64
 radius of circumscribed circle = abc/4 At
6 = x3/4(x23 /4 )
x = 63 ( side of the 1st triangle
)
Area of the 1st triangle = x23 / 4 = 273
Perimeter of the 1st triangle = 3(63 ) = 183
Ratio of Perimeters of 2 successive triangles =
Sum of Perimeters = a/( 1 r ) = 183 /( 1 - ) = 363
Ration of Areas of 2 successive triangles =
Sum of Areas = 273 / ( 1 ) = 363

113. Let X = rate of A m/s

Y = rate o B m/s
Then 40/X = 40/Y 2 (1)
Distance traveled when they meet again ( after 1 min= 60 sec )
must differ by 40m.
Then: 60X 60Y = 40 (2)
From (2) 3X 3Y = 2 , Y = ( 3X 2) /3
Substitute to (1)
40/X = 40/( 3X -2)/3 - 2
or 40/X = 120/( 3X -2) - 2
USE SHIFT CALC with the initial choice of X in the given.
X = 4 m/s

114. Let X = speed of train L = length of the journey.

Distance = rate x time
t = Distance / rate
Condition 1
1 + 1 + ( L - 1x )/ ( 3/5 x ) = L/x + 3 (1)
Condition 2

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 1+ 50/X + 1 + ( L 1x - 50)/(3/5X) = L/X + 1.5 (2)

From 1 : 2x + ( L x)/0.6 = L + 3x
2x 3x 1/0.6x + L/0.6 - L = 0
- 8/3x + 2/3L = 0 (3)
From 2
x + 50 + x + ( L 1x - 50)/0.6 = L + 1.5x
2x- 1.5x + L/0.6 L - 1x/0.6 = - 50 + 50/0.6
-7/6x + 2/3L = 100/3 (4)
MODE 5 1 Solve (3) and (4)
x = 200/9 and L = 800/9

115. Let x = speed of Pal 1 ( m/min) y = speed of Pal 2 (m/min)

Then 3x + 3y = 1350 (1)
and 27x 27y = 1350 (2)
MODE 5 1
x = 250 y = 200

116. Let X = time the two cars met.

Then 10 X + 12 X = 200; X = 90.909 s
Total distance traveled by Superfly = 90.909 ( 15) = 1363.63 m
PROBLEM SET 4 PARTIAL FRACTIONS
Given (Problems 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5)
2 x 4 3 x 3 7 x 2 10x 10 A Bx C Dx E

( x 1)( x 2 3)2 x 1 x 2 3 ( x 2 3)2
PAST CE Board
1. The value of A is
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 0
2. The value of B is
a. 0 b. 1
c. 2 d. 3
3. The value of C is
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 0

Page 66
4. The value of D is
a. 1 b.- 2
c. 3 d. 4
5. The value of E is
a. 1 b. -1
c. 2 d. 2
6. Resolve into Partial Fractions
x2
(PAST ME BOARD)
x 7 x 12
2

6 5 5 3
a. b.
x 4 x 3 x 4 x 3
2 3 2 8
c. d.
x 4 x 3 x 4 x 3
Given (Problems 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
2 x 4 2 x 3 5 x 2 10x 9 Ax B Cx D E

( x 9)( x 2 x 5)( x 3)
2 2
x 9
2
x 2x 5
2 x 3
7. The value of A is
a. 8/31 b. 1/12
c. -8/39 d. 5/48
8. The value of B is
a. -92/13 b. 21/13
c. 27/13 d. -29/4
9. The value of C is
a. 135/104 b. 29/16
c. 199/104 d. 393/16
10. The value of D is
a. 393/104 b. 41/16
c. 291/104 d. 67/16
11. The value of E is
a. 7/24 b. 3/51
c. 2/23 d. 5/48

Problems 12, 13, 14, 15, 16

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 x 3 4x 2 5x 3 A Bx C Dx E
Given
( x 1)( x x 1)
2 2 x 1 ( x 2 x 1) ( x 2 x 1)2
PAST CE BOARD
12. Find the value of A
a. 2 b. 1
c. 3 d. 4
13. Find the value of B
a. 1 b. -1
c. 2 d. 3
14. Find the value of C
a. 2 b. 1
c. -3 d. 2
15. Find the value of D
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
16. Find the value of E
a. 3 b. 1
c. 2 d. 3
Given (Problems 17, 18, 19)
x 2 4 x 10 A B( 2 x 2) C

x 3 2x 2 5 x x x 2 2x 5 x 2 2x 5
17. The value of A is
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 0
18. The value of B is
a. 1 b. 0
c. -1 d. 2

19. The value of C is

a. 1 b.-1
c.0 d. 2
3x 2 8x 9
20. Resolve into partial fractions.
( x 2) 3

Page 68
 4 5
a. 3( x 2)
( x 2) 2
( x 3 )3
3 4 5
b.
x 2 ( x 2) 2
( x 2) 3
3 4 5
c.
x 2 ( x 2) 2 ( x 2 ) 3
3 4 6
d.
x 2 ( x 2) 2
( x 2) 3
SOLUTION:
1. 2x4 + 3x3 + 7x2 + 10x + 10 =
A( x2 + 3)2 + (Bx + C) ( x -1)(x2 +3) + (Dx + E )( x -1) (1)
= A( x4 + 6x2 + 9) + ( Bx + C )( x3 x2 + 3x 3 ) + Dx2 + Ex E
Dx
= A( x4 + 6x2 + 9) + Bx4 Bx3 + 3Bx2 3Bx + Cx3 Cx2 + 3Cx
3C
+ Dx2 + Ex E Dx

x4 ( A + B) + x3 ( -B + C ) + x2 ( 6A + 3B C + D ) +
x( -3B + 3C + E D ) + 9A 3C - E (2)

Substitute x = 1 from `
32 = A( 1 + 3)2 A = 2
But A + B = 2 , B = 0
-B+ C= 3 , C=3
6A + 3B C + D = 7
6(2) + 3(0) 3 + D = 7 or D = -2
-3B + 3C + E D = 10
-3(0) + 3(3) + E ( -2) = 10 or E = -1

CALCULATOR TECHNIQUE:
Let f(x) = 2x4 + 3x3 + 7x2 + 10x + 10
If x = 1 f(1) = A(12 + 3)2 = 32 then A = 2
Let x = 3i ( from x2 + 3 = 0 )
f(3i ) = ( Dx + E )( x -1 ) = D(x)(x-1) + E(x-1) (2)
GO to complex mode and ENTER:

Page 69
 2x3 x + 3x3 + 7x2 + 10x + 10 CALC 3i = 7 + 3i
x(x-1) CALC 3i = 3 - 3 i
x -1 CALC 3i = -1 + 3 i

Substitute to eq 2 .
7 + 3i = D( -3 - 3 i) + E(-1 + 3 i)
7 + 3 i = -3D - E + 3 ( -D + E )
Then: -3D - E = 7 AND -D + E = 1
Solve using MODE 5 1 D = -2 E = - 1
To get the values of B and C, ( we know already A = 2, D = -2
and E = -1 ) Substitute any value for x in eq. 1:
Say x = 0
10 = 9A + [B(0) + C](0-1)(0+3) + (D(0) + E)( 0 -1)
10 = 9(2) + C ( -3) + -1(-1) C = 3
Say x = 2
2x4 + 3x3 + 7x2 + 10x + 10 =
A( x2 + 3)2 + (Bx + C) ( x -1)(x2 +3) + (Dx + E )( x -1)
114 = A (22 + 3)2 + [B(2) + C]( 2-1)(22 + 3) + ( D(2) + E)(2-1)
Substitute A = 2 , C = 3, D = -2 and E = -1 B = 0
2. B = 0
3. C = 3
4. D = - 2
5. E=-1
6. Factor x2 7x + 12 ENTER: MODE 5 3
roots are 4 and 3
x2 7x + 12 = ( x -4)( x -3)
x2 A B
Then: 2
x 7 x 12 x 4 x 3
or x + 2 = A( x -3) + B( x -4)
if x = 4 6 = A( 4 -3) A = 6
If x = 3 5 = B(3 -4) B = -1
7. A = -8/39
8. B = -92/13
9. C = 199/104
10. D = 393/104

Page 70
11. E = 7/24

Solution 7 11

2x 4 2x 3 5 x 2 10x 9 when x = 3i
Ax B
( x 2 2x 5)( x 3)

2x 4 2x 3 5 x 2 10 x 9 CALC 3i = -92/13 8/13i

( x 2 2x 5)( x 3)

Then:
A(3i) + B = -92/13 8/13i
Thus: B = -92/13 and A = -8/13/ 3 = -8/39

Cx + D =
2x 4 2x 3 5 x 2 10 x 9 when x = -1 + 2i
( x 2 9)( x 3)
(- 1 + 2i is root of x2 + 2x + 5 = 0)

2 x 4 2 x 3 5 x 2 10 x 9 CALC -1+ 2i = 97/52 + 199/52i

( x 2 9)( x 3)
Then: C(-1+2i) + D = 97/52 + 199/52i
-C + D + i( 2C ) = 97/52 + 199/52i
-C + D = 97/52 and 2C + 0D = 199/52
USE (MODE 5 1)
C = 199/104 and D = 393/104
2x 4 2x 3 5 x 2 10x 9
E when x = - 3
( x 2 2x 5)( x 2 9)
2 x 4 2 x 3 5 x 2 10 x 9 CALC -3 = 7/24
( x 2 2 x 5)( x 2 9)
E = 7/24

12 A = 1
13. B = -1

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14. C = 1
15. D = 1
16. E = 1

x 3 4x 2 5x 3
A when x = -1 A= 1
( x 2 x 1)2
x 3 4x 2 5x 3
(Dx + E = ) when x = -1/2 + 3/2 i
x 1
D(- 1/2 + 3/2i) + E = 1/2 - 3/2 i
-1/2D + E = 1/2 and -D = - 1 D = 1
E = 1/2 + 1/2D = 1/2 + 1/2 = 1

We know already A , D and E

A = 1, D = 1 and E = 1
Bx C x 3 4x 2 5x 3 A Dx E

x x 1
2
( x 1)( x x 1)
2 2 x 1 ( x 2 x 1)2

Substitute x = 0. .
3 1 1(0) 1
C= - - C= 1
1 1 1
Substitute x = 2
B(2) C x 3 4x 2 5x 3 A Dx E
( 2 ) when x=2
2 2 1
2
( x 1)( x x 1)
2 2 x 1 ( x x 1)2
Subst. C = 1, A = 1 , D = 1 and E = 1 and x = 2
(2B + 1 )/7 = 37/147 1/3 3/49
B= -1
17. A = 2
18. B = -1/2
19. C = 1

A = x 4 x 10
2
when x = 0 A = 2
x 2 2x 5

Page 72
 x 2 4 x 10
[B(2x +2) + C = ] when x = -1 + 2i
x
B( 4i) + C = 1 2i C = 1 4B = -2 B = -1/2

20.
3x 2 8x 9 A B C

( x 2) 3 x 2 ( x 2) 2
( x 2) 3
C= 3x2 8x + 9 when x = 2 C = 5
B= d/dx( 3x2 8x + 9) when x = 2
= ( 6x 8) when x = 2 is 4
A= d/dx( 6x 8) /2! when x = 2 is 3
3x 2 8x 9 3 4 5

( x 2) 3 x 2 ( x 2 ) 2 ( x 2) 3

PROBLEM SET 5
VARIATION PROBLEMS, RECURSION, INVERSE FUNCTION,
INEQUALITIES, INVESTMENT
1. Given that w varies directly as the product of x and y and
inversely as the square of z and that w = 4, when x = 2, y = 6 and z =
3. Find the value of w when x = 1, y = 4 and z = 2.
PAST CE BOARD
a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 6
2. If x varies directly as y and inversely as z, and when x = 14, y = 7
and z = 2, find the value of x when y = 16 and z = 4 (PAST ECE
BOARD)
a. 14 b. 4
c. 16 d. 8
3. The resistance of a wire varies directly with its length and
inversely with its area. If a certain piece of wire 10 m long and 0.1 cm
in diameter has a resistance of 100 ohms, what will be the resistance

Page 73
if it is uniformly stretched so that its length becomes 12 m. PAST ECE
BOARD
a. 80 b. 90
c. 144 d. 120
4. The time required for an elevator to lift a weight varies directly with
the weight and the distance trough which it is lifted and inversely as
the power of the motor. It takes 30 sec for a 10 HP motor to lift 100 lbs
trough 50 ft. What size of the motor is required to lift 800 lbs in 40 sec
trough 40 ft? PAST ECE BOARD
a. 42 b. 44
c. 46 d. 48
5. If 3x3 4x2y + 5xy2 + 6y3 is divided by x2 2xy + 3y2
The remainder is
a. 0 b. 1
c. 2 d. 3
6. Solve for x in the system PAST ME BOARD
y 3x + 4 = 0
y + x2/y = 24/y
a. (-6- 214)/5 b. (6 + 214)/5
c. ( 2- 614)/5 d. (-2- 6 14)/5

7. If 9< x < - 4 and -12 < y < - 6 PAST ME BOARD

a. 108 < xy < 24 b. 108 < xy < 120
c. 108 > xy > 24 d. -21 < x + y < -10

8. Which of the following is the value of x2 + 1/x2 if x + 1/x = 5?

PAST ME BOARD
a. 28 b. 23
c. 24 d. 25
9. If f(x) = 3x 1 then f-1(x) = (PAST ME BOARD )
a. x 1/3 b. 1/3x + 1/3
c. 3x + 1 d. 1/x 1
10. If f(x) = x 2x2 + 2 then what is f( a 2) ? ME April 2004
a. 9a 2a2 8 b. 2a 9a2 8
c. 9a 2a + 8
2 d. 2a + 9a2 8

Page 74
11. If f(x) = x3 - x 1 , what is the set of all c if f( c) = f( -c) ?
ME April 2004
a. all real numbers b. {0}
c. { -1, 0, 1} d. { 0, 1}
12. If f(x) = 2x2 + 2 , find the value of f( x + 4) PAST ME BOARD
a. 2x2 + 16x + 24 b. 2x2+ 6x + 4
2
c. 2x + 16x d. 2x2 + 16x + 34
13. If 3, 5, 8.333 and 13.889 are the first 4 terms of the sequence,
then which of the following could define the sequence? PAST ME
BOARD
a. A0 = 3 , An = An-1 + 40/9
b. A0 = 3 , An +1 = An+2
c. A0 = 3, An = 5/3An-1
d. A0 = 3 , An+1 = 2 An+2
14. Find the smallest positive integer such that for
P(x) = x4 2x3 -10x2 + 40x 90 this integer is an upper bound.
a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 6
15. Find the largest negative integer such that for
P(x) = x4 2x3 -10x2 + 40x 90 this integer is a lower bound.
a. -2 b. -3
c. 4 d. - 5
2
16. Solve x + x < 12
a. -4 < x < 3 b. 3< x < 4
c. x < -4 or x > 3 d. x < -3 or x > 4
x 1
17. For what values of x does f(x) = represent a real
x3
number?
a. 3 < x < = 1 b. x < -3 or x >= 1
c. x < -1 or x >= 3 d. -1 < x < = 3

18. Determine the number of positive roots of the equation. past CE

BOARD
P(x) = x2n- 1 where n > 0
a. 0 b. 1

Page 75
 c. 2 d. n
19. Solve the inequality x3 4x2 + 3x
a. 0 x 7 + 2 or x - 7 + 2
b. 0 x 7 2 or x 7 + 2
c. 0 -7-2 or x 7 2
d. -2 - 7 x < 2 + 7
3 2
20. Solve the inequality
x 3 x 2
a. -2 < x < 3 or x -12 b. -2 < x < -12
c. -3< x < 2 or x -12 d. 3 < x < 12 or x -3

21. Solve the inequality | 3x + 1 | 4

PAST CE BOARD
a. (-, -5/3) U ( 1, ) b. [ -5/3, 1 ]
c. ( -5/3, 1) d. ( -4/3, 1]

22. Find the solution set of | 2x + 3 | > 7

PAST CE BOARD
a. x < - 5 , x > 2 b. x > - 5 x < 2
c. 5 < x < 2 d. 2 < x < 5

23. Find the domain of f(x) = 9 2

a. ( -3, 3) b. ( - , -3) U ( 3, )
c. [ -3, 3] d. ( - 3, 3 ]

24. Solve the inequality | x 2 | < | 3x 5 |

a. x < 5/2 or x > 7/4
b. x < 3/2 or x > 7/4
c. 3/2 < x < 7/4
d. x is an empty set
25. The graph of x + y > 1 is
a. the area above the line x + y = 1
b. the area below the line x + y = 1.
c. the area above the line y = x
d. the area below the line y = x

Page 76
26. The vertical asymptotes of the curve y ( x 1) are:
( x 3)( x 2)
a. x = -3 , x = - 2 b. x = 3 , x = - 2
c. x = -1 d. x = -1 , x = 3
27. The hozizontal asymptote of the graph of y ( x 1)( x 2)
(2 x 1)( x 3)
a. No horizontal asymptote b. y =
c. y = 2 d. y = 0

( x 2)( x 3)
28. The oblique asymptote of the graph y
( x 6)
a. y = x 5 b. None
c. y = 5 x c. y = x + 2

29. If f(3) = 6 and f(8) = 12 and f(x) is a linear function,

Find f-1 ( 5).
a. 13/6 b. 12/5
c. 1/3 d. 4/5

30. Find the 1987 th digit in the decimal equivalent of 1785/9999

a. 1 b. 2
c. 8 d. 5

31. The selling price of a TV set is double that of the net cost. If a TV
set is sold to a customer at a profit of 25% of the net cost, how much
discount was given to the customer? PAST ECE BOARD
a. 33.3% b. 37.5%
c. 22.33 % d. 42.5%

32. A bookstore purchased a book at P 200 per copy. At what price

should this book be sold so that giving a 20% discount, the profit is
30%.
a. 357.14 b. 334.56
c. 322.34 d. 356.67

Page 77
33. By selling eggs at P 50 per dozen, a vendor gains 20%. The cost
price of the egg rises 12.5%. If he sells at the same price as before,
find his new gain in percent. PAST ECE BOARD
a. 5.67% b. 6.67%
c. 7.76% d. 8.33%

34. Peter bought a second hand cellphone and then sold it to John at
a profit of 40%. John sold the cellphone to Noel at a profit of 20%. If
Noel paid P 2,856 more than it cost to Peter, how much did Peter paid
for the unit? PAST ECE BOARD
a. 4,200 b. 4,300
c. 4,400 d. 4,500

35. A portion of P 500,000 was invested at 5% in the bank and the

remainder at 15% in a survey contract. If the total income from the
money is P 55,000, how much was invested at 5% rate. PAST CE
BOARD
a. 350,000 b. 400,000
c. 200,000 d. 150,000

36. If f(n+1) = n/f(n) for all positive integers n and f(1) =2 , find
f(8).
a. 12/7 b. 13/15
c. 35/32 d. 41/32

37. If today is Monday, what will be the day 2234577 days after
today.
a. Mon b. Tues
c. Wed d. Thu

Solution:
xy 2(6)
1. w k 4k k= 3
z2 32

Page 78
 1( 4)
then: w 3 w= 3
22
2. x =k y/z 14 = k(7)/2 k = 4
x = 4y/z , when y = 16, z = 4 then x = 16

3. R = K L/A = KL/(D2)
R = KL/D2
100 = K(10)/0.12 K = 0.1
R = 0.1L/D2 R = 0.1(12)/0.12 = 120
WD 100(50) 3 WD
4. T k 30 k k = 3/50 T
P 10 50 P
3 800( 40)
40 P = 48
50 P

3x + 2y
5. x2 2xy + 3y2 | 3x3 4x2y + 5xy2 + 6y3
3x3 - 6x2y +9xy2
2x2 y - 4xy2 + 6y3
2x2 y - 4xy2 + 6y3
0
Remainder = 0
6. Y = 3x 4 Substitute in the next equation.
(3x -4) + x2/(3x -4) = 24/(3x-4)
Rewrite as: (3x -4) + x2/( 3x -4) - 24/(3x-4)
Input in the calculator and substitute the given one by one
using the CALC Menu.
Ans. ( 6 + 2 14)/ 5
7. Add:
- 9 < x< - 4
-12 < y < - 6
-21 < x + y < -10
8. Input x + 1/x = 5 in the Calculator.
ENTER SHIFT CALC
Answer: x = 4.791287847
ENTER: x2 + 1/x2

Page 79
 Ans. 23
9. y = 3x -1
solve for x: 3x = y + 1 x = 1/3y + 1/3
Replace y by f-1(x) and x by y.
Ans. f-1(x) = 1/3x + 1/3
10. f(x) = x 2x2 + 2 f(a-2) = ( a-2) 2( a -2)2 + 2
f(a-2) = a 2 2( a2 4a + 4) + 2 = -2a2 + 9a 8
11. f (c ) = c3 c 1 f(-c) = (-c)3 (-c) - 1
= -c3 + c - 1
Then: c c 1 = - c + c - 1
3 3

2c3 2c = 0 2c( c2 -1 ) = 0
2c( c + 1)( c 1) = 0 c = 0, 1 , - 1
2
12. f(x) = 2x + 2
f( x + 4) = 2( x + 4)2 + 2 = 2( x2 + 8x + 16) + 2
= 2x2 + 16x + 34
13: Note: For c: A1 = 5/3A0 , n = 1 A1 = 5/3(3) = 5
A2 = 5/3 A1 , n = 2 A2 = 5/3(5) = 25/3
A3 = 5/3A2 , n = 3 A3 = 5/3(25/3) = 125/3

Ans. c

14. For upper bound, when you perform synthetic division , the last
row must be all positive or zero.
For 3
1 - 2 -10 40 -90 | 3
3 3 -21 57
1 1 -7 19 -33 (some are negative, not an
upper bound)
For 5
1 - 2 -10 40 -90 | 5
5 15 25 325
1 3 5 65 235 (Upper bound = 5)
15. For lower bound, the last row in the synthetic division must
alternate in sign.
For 2:
1 -2 -10 40 - 90 | - 2

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 -2 8 4 -88
1 -4 -2 44 -178 ( -4 and -2 does not alternate)
For 5
1 -2 -10 40 - 90 |-5
-5 35 125 -825
1 -7 -25 165 -915 (The signs alternate, -5 is a
LOWER bound)
16. Solve x2 + x 12 = 0 USING MODE 5 3
x = 3 and x = -4
-4 3
Trial Values -5 0 4

Evaluate f(x) = x2 + x 12 using trial values.

f(-5) = 5 ( > 0 )
f(0 ) = -12 (< 0)
f(4) = 8 ( > 0 )
Choose the boundary for < 0 .
Ans. -4 < x < 3
x 1
17. f(x) must be real if 0
x 3
The critical points are
x = 1 and x = - 3
-3 1
Trial Values -4 0 2

x 1
Let f ( x )
x 3
f(-4) = 5 ( + ) f(0) = -1/3 (-) f(2) = 1/5 (+)
Choose on the boundaries for (+)
x < -3 or x 1 (Note 1 is included but -3 is not)
18. Factor x2n -1 = 0 ( xn 1) ( xn + 1 ) = 0
xn = 1 x = 1
and xn = -1 x cannot be positive.
Ans. x =1 , one only.

Page 81
19. Solve for x3 4x2 3x = 0 using
MODE 5 4
Input [ 1 - 4 - 3 0 ] ==
x = 2 + 7 x = 2 - 7 x = 0
Test the boundaries.
2 - 7 0 2 + 7
Test values -1 -0.1 2 5

Let f(x) = x3 4x2 3x

ENTER: x3 4x2 3x in the calculator and use CALC in
evaluating
the given functions.
f(-1) = - 2 f(-0.1) = 0.259 f(2) = -14 f(5) = 10
We need only the negative part since given is
Solution: x 2 - 7 or 0 x 2 + 7
3( x 2) 2( x 3)
20. Rewrite as: 0
( x 3)( x 2)
x 12
or 0
( x 3)( x 2)
The critical points are: -12, -2, 3
Test the boundaries.
-12 -2 3
Trial Values -14 -5 0 4
x 12
f(x) =
( x 3)( x 2)
f(-12) = -1/102 f(-5) = -7/24 f(0) = -2 f(4) = 8/3
Choose the negative boundaries.
Solution: x -12 ( f(x) is defined when x = -12 )
or -2 < x < 3 ( f(x) not defined at x = -2 and 3)

21. |3x + 1 | 4 means

-4 3x + 1 4 Add -1 to both sides
- 5 3x 3 Divide 3 to both sides
-5/3 x 1 or [ 5/3, 1 ]

Page 82
 Another Solution:
Find the critical points.
3x + 1 = 4 x= 1
-(3x + 1) = 4 x = -5/3
Rewrite as f(x) = | 3x + 1 | - 4
Boundary - 5/3 1
Test Points -2 0 2
f(-2) = 1 ( + ) f(0) = - 3 (-) f(2) = 3 (+)
We need only the negative part since given is
Answer: -5/3 <= x <= 1
22.
| 2x + 3 | > 7 means
2x + 3 < - 7 and 2x + 3 > 7
2x < - 10 2x > 4
x < -5 x> 2
Solution is x<-5 U x> 2

23. 9 - x2 0
( 3 x )( 3 + x ) 0
Critical Points are - 3 and 3
-3 3
Test Points -4 0 4
Let f(x) = 9 x2
f(-4) = - 7
f( 0) = 9
f(4) = - 7
The solution is between 3 and 3
-3 x 3
24. | x 2 | < | 3x 5 |
Find the critical points
Both positive ( or both negative)
: x 2 = 3x - 5 - 2x = - 3 x = 3/2
One is positive and the other negative.
x 2 = - ( 3 x- 5) 4x = 7 x = 7/4
The critical points are 3/2 and 7/4

Page 83
 3/2 = 1.5 7/4 = 1.75
Test points 1 1.7 2
Let f(x) = | x 2 | - | 3x 5 | < 0
f(1) = -1 f(1.7) = 1/5 f(2) = -1
Since f(x) < 0
Solution is x < 3/2 or x > 7/4

25. Above the line x + y = 1

. y

1 x

26. Set denominator to zero. x = 3, x = - 2

27. Get the lim of y as x approaches infinity.
Disregard the constants because x is infinity.
y = x(x)/( 2xx ) , y =
28. Divide (x -2)(x+ 3) to x + 6
( x2 + x - 6) / ( x + 6)
Result: x 5 + 24/( x + 6)
Oblique Asymptote: y = x - 5
29. Let y = f(x) = A + BX
6 = A + 3B
12 = A + 8B
USE MODE 5 1
A = 12/5 B = 6/5
Then y = 12/5 + 6/5x
If y = 5 , then x = 13/6
30. 1785/9999 = 0.178517851785
1987/ 4 SHIFT SD = 496
1 corresponds to 1

Page 84
 7 corresponds to 2
8 corresponds to 3
5 corresponds to 0 ( no remainder )
Ans. 8

31. Let x = net cost

Selling Price = 2x
Profit = .25x
Discount = selling price actual amount sold
= 2x 1.25x = 0.75x
Discount Rate = 0.75x/2x = 37.5%

32. Profit = Income Expenses

Let x = actual selling price
0.8x = discounted selling price
0.3(0.8x) = 0.8x 200
x = 357.143

33. 50 = x + 1.2x
x = 41.667 Price of eggs/ dozen
Cost of Egg after rise of 12.5% = 41.667 x 1.125 = 46.8753
New gain in % = ( 50 46.8753)/46.8753 = 6.67%
34. Let x = amount Peter Paid for the unit
1.4 x = price paid by John
1.4x ( 1.2) = price paid by Noel
1.4x(1.2) = 2856 + x
x = 4200
35. Let x = amount invested at 5%
y = amount invested at 15%
x + y = 500000
.05x + .15y = 55,000
MODE 5 1
x = 200,000 y = 300,000

36. n= 1 f(2) = 1/f(1) =

n = 2 f(3) = 2/f(2) = 2/(1/2) = 4
Page 85
 n= 3 f(4) = 3/f(3) = 3/4
n=4 f(5) = 4/f(4) = 4/(3/4) = 16/3
n=5 f(6) = 5/f(5) = 5/(16/3) = 15/16
n= 6 f(7) = 6/f(6) = 6/(15/16) = 96/15 = 32/5
n=7 f(8) = 7/f(7) = 7/(32/5) = 35/32

USING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUE:

ENTER:
C = X/Y: Y = C : D = X + 1: X = D
Explanation:
C is n/f(n) where n = X and f(n) = Y
D = X + 1 , x must be incremented by 1
x = D, the new value of X is D
37. 21 /7 = 2/7 remainder = 2
22/7 = 4/7 remainder = 4
23/7 = 1 1/7 remainder = 1
24/7 = 2 2/7 remainder = 2
25/7 = 4 4/7 remainder = 4
26/7 = 9 1/7 remainder = 1
Note that the remainder is a sequence of 2 4 1 2 4 1
Divide 234577 by 3 = 78912 1/3
Thus 2234577 /7 will have a remainder of 2.
2 days after Monday is W

PROBLEM SET 6 PART-1

TRIGONOMETRY
1
1. Solve for in cos (6) = , in degrees.
Csc(3 9)
PAST CE Board
a. 6 b. 7
c. 8 d. 9

Page 86
2. If sin A = 3/5 , in the second quadrant and cos B = -1/2, is
in the 3rd quadrant, what is the value of sin( A + B )?
a. 0.3928 b. 0.4122
c. 0.3411 d. 0.3445
3. If cos 650 + cos 550 = cos , what is in radians? PAST CE
BOARD
a. 0.0823 b. 0.087
c. 0.922 d. 0.783
4. Find the value of arc tan [ 2 cos ( arcsin (3/2) ]. PAST ECE
BOARD
a. /3 b. /6
c. /4 d. /2
5. Solve for x : x = ( tan + cot )2 sin2 - tan2 . PAST CE
BOARD
a. sin b. 1
c. cos d. tan

SITUATION (Problems 6, 7, 8)
If A = 3 sin x + 4 cos x and B = 3 cos x 4 sin x
6. The value of A2 + B2 is
a. 5 b. 10
c. 0 d. 25
7. Find the value of A if B = 4
a. 3 b. 1
c. -1 d. 3
8. Find the value of x if B = 4
a. -16.450 b. 23.340
c. 31.230 d. 44.110
9. Find the value of in coversine = 0.134
a. 500 b. 600
c. 70 0 d. 800
10. Versed Sin = 0.456 = ?
a. 570 b. 610
c. 63 0 d. 750

Page 87
11. Solve for in cosh2 x sin h2 x = tan
a. /4 b. /2
c. /3 d.
12. Find the value of sin (900 + A )
a. cos A b. sin A
c. cos A d. sin A
13. 543 degrees is how many gradians?
a. 8712/3 b. 1810/3
c. 7651/3 d. 3312/3
14. PAST CE BOARD : If sin 3A = cos 6B then
a. A + B = 1800 b. A 2B = 300
c. A + 2B = 300 d. A + B = 300
15. Find the value of x in
atan ( 1 x ) + arctan ( 1 + x) = arctan ( 1/8)
a. 4 b. 6
c. 6 d. 2
16. If sin A = 4/5 , A in quadrant 2 , sin B = 7/25 B in quadrant 1.
Find cos ( A B )
a. 123/25 b. -44/125
c. 112/25 d. 23/125

17. sin ( arccos 15/17 ) =

a. 14/17 b. 18/17
c. 19/17 d. 20/17
18. What is the first period of y = 4 tan 4x ?
a. b. /2
c. /4 d. /8
19. What is the amplitude of 3 cos x + 5 sin x
a. 5.83 b. 8
c. -2 d. 15
20. What is the first period of 7 cos 3x ?
a. /3 b. /6
c. 2/3 d. 3

SOLUTION :
1. cos 6 = sin ( 3 + 9) = cos ( 900 ( 3 + 9 ) )

Page 88
 6 = 90 - 3 9 = 9
2. Note Sin A is + in the 1st and sec quadrant
cos B is - in the 2nd and 3rd quadrant.
A = 180 - arcsin (3/5) = 143.130
B = 180 + arccos (1/2) = 2400
sin ( A + B ) = sin ( 143.13 + 240 ) = 0.3928
3. ENTER: SHIFT MODE 4 (RADIAN MODE)
= cos-1 ( cos 650 + cos 550 )
Note: To input 0 ENTER SHIFT ANS 1
Ans. 0.0872664626
4. arcsin (3/2) = /3 cos /3 = 1/2
2 cos /3 = 2(1/2) = 1 atan 1 = /4
5. Let = 300 ( could be any value )
substitute in ( tan + cot )2 sin2 - tan2
ANS. x = 1
6. Assume x be any value say x = 300
Then A = 3 sin 30 + 4 cos 30 = 4.964
B = 3 cos 30 4 sin 30 = 0.59808
A2 + B2 = 25
7. Since A2 + B2 = 25 and B = 4 ,
then A = 3
8. 3 sin x + 4 cos x = 3
-4 sin x + 3 cos x = 4
USE MODE 5 1
sin x = -7/25 and cos x = 24/25

x = asin (-7/25) = -16.260 or 196.260

x = arcos 24/25 = 16.260 or -16.260
Ans. -16.260
9. coversed sine = 1 sin = 0.134 = 600
10. Versed Sin = 1 cos = 0.456 = 570
11. Note: cosh2 x sinh2 x = 1
tan = 1 = /4
0
12. Assume A = 10 sin ( 90 + 10 ) = 0.9848
cos A = cos 10 = 0.9848
13. 400 grad = 3600 543 0 x 400 grad/ 3600 = 1810/3

Page 89
 CAL TECHNIQUE: ENTER: SHIFT MODE 5 543 SHIFT ANS 1
=
14. sin 3A = cos 6B
cos ( 90 3A )= cos 6B 90 3A = 6B or
3A + 6B = 90 A + 2B = 30
15. Rewrite as tan-1 ( 1 x ) + tan-1 ( 1 + x) : tan-1( 1/8)
and ENTER CALC X? 4
Ans. 4
16. 180 - sin-1 4/5 store to A. ( 2nd quadrant)
-1 st
sin ( 7/25) store to B ( 1 quadrant )
ENTER: cos ( A B) = -44/125 Ans.

17. sin (cos-1 ( 15/17)) = 8/17

18. Period of tan x is . period of tan 4x = /4
19. amplitude = (32 + 52) = 5.83
20. period = 2/ 3
PROBLEM SET 6 PART 2
TRIGONOMETRY
21. Find the value of x in the equation :
( x + yi ) ( 1 2i ) = 7 4i PAST CE BOARD
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
22. 3
47 52i is
a. 1+ 2i b. 1 3i
c. 2 2i d. 1 + 4i
23. The logarithm of the quotient of 2 numbers is 0.255272505 and
the logarithm of product of these two numbers is 1.653212514, what is
the value of one of the numbers? CE Board Nov 2007
a. 7 b. 8
c. 9 d. 10

24. Find the value of log x 11 if logx 6 = 1.2925 PAST CE BOARD

a. 2.13. b. 1.73
c. 3.11 d. 3.22
24-b Find the value of x in terms of a and b if
22x-y = 10
Page 90
 5x+y = 100 where a = log 2 , b = log 5
a. 1/2a + 2/3 b b. 1/3a + 2/3b
c. 2/3 a + 5/6b d. 3/4a + 4/7b

25. The rectangular coordinates of a point having the polar

coordinate
( 7, 380 ) is? CE Board Nov 2000
a. ( 5.52, 4.23) b. ( 9.8, 4.31)
c. ( 4.56, 3.45) d. ( 5.52, 4.31)
26. The polar coordinate of ( 3, -6) is
a. ( 6.71, -51.230 ) b. ( 6.71, -63.430)
c. ( 7.23, 51.230) d. ( 7.23, -51.230)
27. Find the value of x if
x300 + y 450 = 9.9178839.00830
a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 6

28. Mass A moves at 20 kph in the direction N 40 0 E while Mass B

moves at 30 kph in the direction of S 30 0 W. What is the relative
velocity of B with respect to A ?
a. 49.12 kph b. 48.12 kph
c. 49.82 kph d. 34.23 kph

SITUATION: (Problems 29 30)

Car A is moving east at 70 kph while car B is moving in the
direction N 450 E. For a passenger in Car A, B appears to be moving
away in the direction of N 300 W. CE Board May 2006

29. What is the velocity that B appears to the passenger in A?

a. 48.23 kph b. 51.24 kph
c. 34.23 kph d. 76.12 kph
30. What is the true velocity of B?
a. 62.76 kph b. 89.12 kph
d. 71.23 kph d. 89.23 kph

Page 91
31. CE Board May 2004
The vertices of a triangle have their polar coordinates at (0,00),
( 6,300) and (9, 700). The perimeter of a triangle is
a. 34.45 b. 20.85
c. 25.67 d. 21.34

32. If a circle of radius 4 cm has a chord of length 3 cm, find the

central angle that is opposite the chord.
a. 420 b. 430
c. 44 0 d. 450

33. If sin A = - 4/5 , A is in quadrant 3 , cos B is - 1/5 and B

is in quadrant 2 , What is the value of cot ( A B ) ?
a. -1.51 b. -1.56
c. -0.991 d. -0.8876
4 tan x 4 tan 3 x
34. is
1 6 tan 2 x tan 4 x
a. tan 2x b cot 4x
c. tan 4x d. cot2 2x
35. 2200 mils is how many gradians?
a. 137.5 grad b. 127.5 grad
c. 221.5 grad d. 175.75 grad
36. A swimming pool is shaped from 2 intersecting circles 9 m in
radius with their centers 9 m apart. What is the area common to the
two circles?
a. 99.1 sq m b. 99.3 sq m
c. 99.5 sq m d. 99.7 sq m
37. A 20 m high mast is placed on the top of the cliff whose height
above sea level is unknown. An observer at sea sees the top the
mast at an elevation of 46042 , the foot at 38023. The height of the
cliff is closest to: PAST CE BOARD EXAM
a. 57 m b. 54 m
c. 51 m d. 59 m

Page 92
38. A hot air balloon is observed from point A at 22.23 0 angle of
elevation and simultaneously from a point B 1500 from A at 48.11 0
elevation. Find the height of the balloon.
a. 968 m b. 976 m
c. 981 m d. 995 m

39. In a right spherical triangle , a = 32016 and c = 1190 23 the

value of b is:
a. 1150 15 b. 1250 28
c. 131 15
0 d. 1340 12
40. In the spherical triangle A = 120 0 B = 1350 and c = 300.
What is C ? PAST CE BOARD
a. 79.820 b. 67.330
b. 46.780 d. 98.230

SOLUTION: 21- 40
21. x + yi = ( 7 4i)/( 1 2i) ENTER MODE 2
x + yi = 3 + 2i x = 3 y = 2

= - 47 52 i
22. ( 1 + 4i) 3

(Go to MODE 2 and enter 1 + 4i)2 ( 1 + 4i)

23. Let X and Y be the numbers

log X/Y = log X log Y = -0.255272505
log XY = log X + log Y = 1.653212514
USE MODE 5 1
INPUT 1 -1 -0.255272505
1 1 1.653212514
log X = 0.700243732 log Y = 0.952968782
X = 100.700243732 = 5
Y = 100.952968782 = 9

24. Solve for x in logx 6 = 1.2925 USE SHIFT CALC ,

x = 4 then enter log4 11 Ans. 1.73

Page 93
24-b
log ( 22x-y ) = log 10
(2x- y )log 2 = 1
2x y = 1/log 2 = 1/a
log ( 5x+y ) = log 100
( x + y) log 5 = 2
x + y = 2/log 5 = 2/b
2x y = 1/a
x + y = 2/b
Add: 3x = 1/a + 2/b
x = ( 1/a + 2/b)/3

25. ENTER: Rec( 7, 38) Ans. X = 5.516 , Y = 4.31

26. ENTER: Pol( 3, -6) Ans. r = 6.71 = -63.43
27. x300 + y 450 = 9.9178839.00830
USE MODE 5 1
Input:
cos 30 cos 45 9.91788cos 39.0083
sin 30 sin 45 9.91788 sin 39.0083
Ans. X = 4 and Y = 6
28. VB/A = VB VA = 30 240 - 20 50 = 49.82-1240
29- 30

Vb Vb/a

Va

Let VB/A = velocity of B as it appears from A

VB = true velocity of B
Then: VB/A = VB - VA
VB/A 120 = VB 45 - 700

Page 94
 or VB 45 - VB/A 120 = 70 0
ENTER: MODE 5 1
Input: cos 45 - cos 120 70cos 0
sin 45 - sin 120 70sin 0
VB = 62.76 VB/A = 51.24 MPH
31. MODE 2 ( NOTE | | is shift hyp
ENTER: | 630 | + | 630 - 9 70 | + | 970|
Ans. 20.85
3
32.
a/2 a/2
4

sin a/2 = 1.5/4 a= 44.050

33. A = 180 + sin-1 4/5 = 233.130 STORE TO A.

B = 180 cos -1 1/5 = 101.530 STORE TO B.
cot( A B) = -0.8876
34. The simplest way is to substitute a value say x = 5 0 in
f(x) = 4 tan x 4 tan 3 x
1 6 tan 2 x tan 4 x , then f(5) = 0.363937 (Enter f(x) in the
calculator and ENTER CALC 5 =) .The choice that will fit in is only tan
4x = tan ( 4 x 5) = 0.3639 Ans. tan 4x

35. 2200 mils x 3600/ 6400 mils = 123.750

GO TO GRAD MODE.
ENTER: 123.750 = (Note: 0 is SHIFT ANS 1 )
Ans. 137.5 grad

36
.
9
s Page 95
4.5
cos s = 4.5/9; s = 60; total angle, = 1200
A of one segment = 1/2 R2 ( sin )
= 1/2 92 ( 1200 - sin 1200) (GO to RAD Mode)
= 49.75
2A = 99.5 sq m.
37
20m
.
z

x= height of the cliff

observer
=4642 -3823
=46042 38023 = 8.3170
Z/ sin ( 900 + 38023 ) = 20 / sin 8.3170
Z = 108.38
20 + X = Z sin 460 41 X = 58.85 m

38. B

131.89
22.23 48.11
A C

USE SIN LAW TECHNIQUE:

ENTER: MODE 5 1
Input:
cos 22.23 cos 131.89 1500
sin 22.23 - sin 131.89 0
AC = 2558.24 and BC = 1300.12 m
height of balloon = 1300.12 sin 48.11 = 967.85 m
39.
A
a a
90-B Page 96
b
c
90-c 90
 Using Napiers Rule a = 32016 c = 119023 b=?
USE Sin Co Op Rule:
Sin of Any Middle Part = Cos of the Opposite Parts
sin ( 90 - 119023 ) = cos a = 32016 cos b
b = 1250 28
40. Use Cos Law for Angles
cos C = -cos A cos B + sin A sin B cos c
cos C = -cos 1200 cos 1350 + sin 1200 sin 1350 cos 300
C = 79.820

PROBLEM SET 6 PART 3

TRIGONOMETRY
41. A truck travels from point M northward for 30 min then eastward
for 1 hr, then shifted N 300W . If the constant speed is 40 kph, how
far directly from M in km will it be after 2 hrs? PAST CE BOARD
a. 47.88 km b. 34.56 km
c. 41.23 km d. 36.33 km

SITUATION (Problems 42, 43, 44)

If sin-1 ( 3x 4y ) = /2 and cos-1 ( x y) = /3
42. Find the value of x
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
43. Find the value of y
a. 2 b. 1/2
c. 4 d. 1/4
44. Find sin-1 ( x y)

Page 97
 a. /6 b. /8
c. /3 d. /96
Situation (Problems 45, 46, 47)
In the triangle ABC, tan A + tan B + tan C = 5.67
45. Find tan A tan B tan C
a. 12.33 b. 6.67
b. 5.67 d. 4.33
46. if tan A = 1.732 , Find tan B tan C = ?
a. 3.274 b. 4.123
c. 6.131 d. 2.451
47. If tan B = 1.915, Find the value of angle C
a. 61.3 b. 69.2
c. 49.1 d. 45.8
48. If the sides of a parallelogram and an included angle are 6, 10 and
1000 respectively, Find the length of the shorter diagonal. PAST ECE
BOARD
a. 10.23 b. 10. 73
c. 11.21 d. 11.34
SITUATION: Problems 49, 50, 51
49. Triangle XYZ has base angles X = 520 and Z = 600 d, distance
XZ = 400 m long. A line AB which is 200 m long is laid out parallel to
XZ. What is the sum of the other 2 sides of the triangle?
a. 891.23 b. 713.58
c. 672.34 d. 871.22
50. The area of the triangle XYZ is
a. 58,883 m2 b. 61,234 m2
c. 34,123 m 2 d. 91, 234 m2
51. The area of ABXZ is
a. 42, 134 m2 b. 44,162 m2
c. 45,123 m 2 d. 34, 134 m2

52 What the angle between the hands of the clock at 2:34:12 in

radians?
a. 2.236 rad b. 2.122 rad
c. 2.411 rad d. 1.977 rad

Page 98
53. Point C is due East of B and 300 m distance apart. A tower not
in line in B and C was observed at B and C having vertical angles of
450 and 600 respectively. The same tower was observed at point D
500 m west of B. The vertical angle of the same tower as observed
from D is 300.The height of the tower is
a. 567.23 m b. 672.93 m
c. 771.23 m d. 714.51 m
54. The sides of a triangle are 18 cm, 24 cm and 34 cm respectively.
Find the length of the median to the 24 cm side in cm. PAST CE
BOARD
a. 24.4 cm b. 23.4 cm
c. 21.9 cm d. 20.4 cm
55. For triangle ABC, angle C = 700 , angle A = 450 and AB = 40
m. Find the length of the median from A to BC.
a. 36.3 b. 35.4
c. 31.2 d. 37.8
56. Three circles are mutually tangent to one another externally.
Connecting the 3 centers form a triangle whose sides are 16 cm, 20
cm and 24 cm. What is the area of the smallest circle in cm2. PAST
CE BOARD
a. 100 b. 144
c. 36 d. 49
57. PAST CE BOARD
If tan x = 1/2 and tan y = 1/3 , what is the value of tan ( x + y)
a. 1/6 b. 2
c. 1/2 d. 1
58. In triangle DEF, DE = 18 m and EF = 6 m. FD may be PAST CE
BOARD)
a. 12 m b. 11m
c. 13 m d. 10 m
59. An equilateral triangular field has sides equal to 2 meter each. If
the field is divided into two equal areas by a line parallel to the one
side, compute the length of the dividing line.
CE BOARD MAY 2002
a. 1.34 b. 1.41
c. 1.71 d. 1.78

Page 99
60. CE BOARD Nov 1995 An earthquake is usually measured by
the magnitude M on the Ritcher Scale. The intensity of the
earthquake and the magnitude are related by the formula
I
M log where I0 is the intensity of an arbitrary chosen earthquake.
I0
The earthquake that hit Kobe Japan measured 5.7 on the Ritcher
Scale. The earthquake that hit Baguio Phil measured 7.8. How many
times stronger is the earthquake that hit Baguio?
a. 148 times b. 126 time
c. 137 times d. 37 times
61. The plane of a small cirle on a sphere of radius 25 cm is 12.5
cm from the center of the sphere. Determine the small circle radius
and its polar distance.
a. 24.54, 300 b. 21.65, 300
c. 31.23, 300 d. 21.65, 600
62. In a spherical triangle Given b = 60 c = 300 and A = 450 find
0

a.
a. 42.330 b. 37.670
c. 39.760 d. 56.230
63. In a spherical triangle Given A = 600 B = 600 and C = 1200 ,
find a
a. 34.330 b. 70.530
c. 76.44 0 d. 41.450
64. Given the right spherical triangle a = 430 27 and c = 600 24.
Find b.
a. 56.120 b. 54.120
c. 47.13 0 d. 71.330
65. Find the distance in Nautical miles from London ( Latitude ,
51025N, Longitude 00 ) to Moscow (Latitude 550 45 N , Longitude
370 36 E )
a. 1231.44 NM b. 1331.34 NM
b. 2112.34 NM c. 1346.78 NM
66. From problem 66, find the course angle from London to Moscow.
a. 69.340 b. 62.330
c. 64.070 d. 63.330

Page 100
67. A parcel of land in the form of a triangle has sides 312 m long and
485 m long. The included angle is 81030. Find the perimeter and area
of the triangle.
a. 1, 233.60, 76,334.55 b. 1,333.50, 74, 828.94
c. 1,444.43, 80, 222.33 d. 1,333.67, 79, 447.22

68. The angles of a triangle are 35020 , 65036 and 79004. If its
area is 1,200 m2, what is the perimeter?
a. 168.36 b. 133.34 c. 144.55 d. 155.67
69. Given the sides of the quadrantal triangle a = 750 b = 85.50
and c = 900 find angle A
a. 76.71 deg b. 38.78 deg c. 51.21 deg 74.41 deg
70. Given the spherical triangle A = 112.720 C = 94.830 c = 900 ,
find a.
a. 112.230 b. 132.110 c. 67.220 d. 56.230
71. Point X is 4 m from A, 3 m from B and 5 m from C. Point X is
inside the triangle formed by ABC. If AB = BC and angle B is a
right angle, find the length of side AB.
a. 6.211 b. 6.071 c. 7.022 d. 5.922
72. From point O on the ground of area = 160,000 sq ft, the angles of
elevations of the 3 flagstaffs of equal heights at 3 consecutive corners
of the yard are 450, 600 and 600 respectively. Find the height of each
flagstaff.
a. 345.87 m b. 374.95 m c. 411.44 m d. 333.33 m

Two towers A and B are placed at a distance of 100 m apart

horizontally. The height of A is 40 m and that of B is 30 m.
73. At what distance vertically above the ground will the intersection
of the lines forming the angles of elevation of the two towers are
observed from the bases of towers A and B respectively.
a. 12.33 b. 17.14 c. 17.89 d. 13.66
74. At what distance horizontally is this point located from tower A?
a. 57.14 b. 55.78 c. 59.23 d. 61.33

Page 101
 The angle of elevation of the of the tower from A is 25 deg. From
another point B, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 56
deg. AB = 300 m and on the same horizontal plane as the foot of the
tower. The hroziontal angle subtended by A and B at the foot of the
tower is 700.
75. What is the height of the tower?
a. 146.7 m b. 148.8 m c. 134.4 m d. 111.2 m
76. How far is point A from the tower?
a. 319.1 b. 322.2 c. 341.2 d. 331.2
77. How far is point B from the tower?
a. 111.1 b. 100.4 c. 122.2 d. 97.6

A plane flies at a speed of 400 Nm from A to B on a direction N 32

deg W with a wind blowing at a speed of 30 Nm on a direction due
west.
78. What is the speed of the plane relative to the ground?
a. 434.22 b. 456.65 c. 416.68 d. 561.22
79. At what angle was the original direction of flight shifted due to the
tail wind?
a. 2.5 deg b. 4.5 deg c. 3.5 deg d. 5.5 deg
80. What is the direction of the plane relative to the ground.
a. N 35.5 deg W b. N 45.5 deg W
c. N 32.3 deg W d. N 51.2 deg W

A plane travels N 30 deg W at an air speed of 600 kph. If the wind

has a speed of 80 kph on a direction of N 40 deg E.
81. What is the ground speed of the plane?
a. 456.67 b. 631.85 c. 667.89 d. 811.23
82. What is the angle that the plane shifted from the original course?
a. 6.83 deg b. 7.81 deg c. 8.32 deg d. 9.11 deg
83. What is the direction of the plane relative to the ground?
a. N 23010W b. N 330 40 W c. N 510 20W d. N 35012
W

84-85

Page 102
Given a spherical triangle
a = 770 36 b = 630 17 and c = 1070 23 with spherical radius of
5m.
84. Find the perimeter?
a. 21.641 m b. 23.341 m c. 22.333 m d. 28.123 m
85. Find the value of angle A?
a. 67.89 deg b. 65.83 deg c. 66.78 deg d. 78.23 deg

86- 87
The diagonals of a parallelogram are 87.2 m and 100.4 m respectively
and they intersect at an angle of 48018.
86. Find the perimeter of the parallelogram.
a. 234.97 b. 248.96 c. 251.23 d. 311.45
87. Find the area of the parallelogram.
a. 3567 b. 3268 c. 3342 d. 4122

88. Determine the total length of the belt shown which goes around
the pulleys A and B of radii 10 cm and 6 cm respectively. The distance
between the centers is 25 cm.

10cm
25cm 6cm
6cm

a. 100.91 cm b. 111.94 cm c. 122.23 cm d. 154.34

cm
89. Determine the total length of the crossed belt shown which goes
around the pulleys A and B of radii 12 cm and 7 cm respectively.
The distance between the pulley centers is 30 cm.
a. 144.56 cm b. 120.34 cm c. 132.19 cm d. 144.21 cm

Page 103
90. A horizontal cylindrical tank, buried underground has a diameter
of 1.2 m and a length of 3 m. If it is filled with gasoline to a depth of
0.8 m, find the volume of gasoline in it expressed in liters. 1 liter =
0.001 m3
a. 2500 liters b. 2400 liters c. 2600 liters d. 2800 liters

91. The bases of a parcel of land in the form of a trapezoid are 92.6
m and 75.8 m respectively. The angles at the extremities of the longer
base are 72 deg and 43 deg respectively. Find the perimeter of the
parcel of land.
a. 198.67 m b. 201.33 m
c. 123.67 m d. 188.32 m

92. The angles of a triangle are 35020 65036 and 79004 . If its
area is 1200 m2, what is the perimeter of the triangle?
a. 133.45 b. 168.33
c. 155.44 d. 177.56

SOLUTION:
41. 20 km

30
40 km

20 km
Page 104
distance = | 2090 + 40 0 + 20 120 | = 47.88 km
Note: ENTER MODE 2 and input
SHIFT hyp (2090 + 40 0 + 20 120 )

42-43-44
3X 4Y = sin /2 = 1 X - Y = cos /3 = 1/2
ENTER: MODE 5 1
Input: 3 - 4 1
1 -1 1/2
42. Ans. X = 1
43. Ans. Y = 1/2
44. sin ( X Y) = sin-1( 1 1/2) = 300 or /6
-1

45. Note: For a triangle,

If Tan A + tan B + tan C = f , tan A tan B tan C = f
Thus:tan A tan B tan C = 5.67
46. tan A tan B tan C = 5.67
tan B tan C = 5.67/1.732 = 3.274
47. tan A tan B tan C = 5.67
tan A tan C = 5.67/ tan B = 5.67/ 1.915 = 2.961
tan A tan C = 2.961 (1)
tan A + tan B + tan C = 5.67
tan A + tan C = 5.67 tan B = 5.67 1.915
tan A + tan C = 3.754
tan A = 3.754 tan C (2)
Substitute in 1
(3.754 tan C)( tan C) = 2.961
-tan2 C + 3.754 tan C 2.961 = 0
tan C = 2.626753 and tan C = 1.127247
C = 69.160 or C = 48.420

48.
6 X

Page 105
100
80 80
10
USE COSINE LAW TECHNIQUE: MODE 2
X = | 680 10|
= 10.73 1
49.
Y

52 60
X Z
400m.

USE SIN LAW TECHNIQUE:

MODE 5 1
Input
cos 52 cos 60 400
sin 52 - sin 60 0
XY = 373.61 YZ = 373.615
XY = 373.615 ZY = 339.96
XY + ZY = 713.58

50. Area = 1/2 base x height = 1/2 x 400 x 373.615 sin 520
= 58,882.53 m 2
Y
51.
200m

52 60
Page 106
400m.
 X Z

USE SIN LAW TECHIQUE FOR TRAPEZOID ABZX

MODE 5 1
cos 52 cos 60 400 200
sin 52 - sin 60 0
AX = 186.808 BZ = 169.98
To get the altitude of the trapezoid:
rec( 186.808, 52) Y = 147.208
Area of ABZX = ( 200 + 400)( 147.208) = 44,162.4 m 2

52. ENTER: MODE 3 2

Input:
X Y
2 -60
3 -60+ 330 = 270
ENTER: AC
To get the angle at 2: 34:12
ENTER: 20 340 120 SHIFT 1 7 5 =
Ans. 128.1 degrees.
To convert this to radian : GO to radian mode. ENTER
ENTER:SHIFT MODE 4
ENTER: SHIFT ANS 1 = Ans. 2.235766772 rad

53.
A
H

Hcot30
A Hcot60

30 45 60 Hcot45

D C
500m. B 300m. D 500m B 300m
C
Then:
( hcot60)2 = ( hcot 30)2 + 8002 2(hcot30)(800)cos D (1)

Page 107
and h2 = ( hcot 30)2 + 5002 2( hcot 30)( 500) cos D (2)

Using Eq 1. 1/3h2 = 3h2 + 8002 - 2771.28h cos D

Eq. 2 h2 = 3h2 + 5002 - 1732.05h cos D
Solve for cos D in both equations.
3h 2 8002 1/ 3h 2 3h 2 5002 h 2

2771.28h 1732.05h
Use SHIFT CALC h = 672.93

54.

18
24
M

34

182 = 242 + 342 2 (24)(34) cos X

Then: X = 30.3740
For the median.

USE COSINE LAW TECHNIQUE:

MODE 2:
M = | 3430.374 - 12| = 24.4131

55.
65
M 40m.

70 45

USE SINE LAW TECHNIQUE for ABC

MODE 5 1
cos 45 cos 65 40
sin 45 - sin 65 0

Page 108
AC = 38.58 BC = 30.1
USE COSINE LAW TECHNIQUE
AM = | 30.1/2 70 38.58 | = 36.3

56.
X Z
X+ Y = 16
X+ Z = 20 X
Z
Y + Z = 24
USE MODE 5 2 Ans. X = 6, Y = 10, Z = 14 Y Y
smallest circle: Area = (6)2 = 36

57. tan ( x + y) = tan ( tan-1 1/2 + tan-1 1/3 ) = 1

58. In any triangle, the sum of 2 sides must be greater than the third
side.
Let X = side FD. Then the possibilities are:
18 + 6 > X or X < 24
18 + X > 6 or X > 6 18 or X > -12
6 + X > 18 or X > 18-6 or X > 12
The only value that will fit the 3 conditions is 13.
59.
60

2m. 2m.
X
60 60

2m.

The area of an equilateral triangle is A = (x23 )/4

Area of the big triangle is (223 )/4 = 3 m2
Half of this area is 3 /2.
The upper triangle is also equilateral of side x whose area is
3 /2. Then (x23 )/4 = 3 /2. or x = 1.414 m
60.

Page 109
ENTER: MODE 3 6
Input the given data
X Y
0 1
1 10
ENTER: AC
The ratio of strength of Baguio Earthquake to Kobe Earthquake is
7.8Y 5.7Y
Ans. 125.89 or 126 times.

61.

25 12.5

r2 = 252 12.52 r = 21.65 POL( 21.65, 12.5) = 300

62. cos a = cos b cos c + sin b sin c cos A
b = 60 c = 30 A = 45
a = 42.330
63. cos A = - cos B cos C + sin B sin C cos a
A = 600 B = 600 C = 1200 a = 70.530

64. Using Napiers Rule

a
B

b
c
A

Page 110
 sin c = cos a cos b
sin ( 90 60024 ) = cos 430 27 cos b b = 46.130
Using COSINE law:
cos c = cos a cos b + sin a sin b cos C cos 900 = 0
cos 60024 = cos 430 27 cos b
b = 47.13
65.

cos s = cos 38.583 cos 34.25 + sin 38.583 sin 34.25 cos 37036
s = 22.44640 22.4464 x 60 = 1346.78 Nautical Miles

CAL TECHNIQUE. Assume that R = 1

Rec( 1, 510, 25 ) X = 0.62365 Y = 0.7817
Coordinate of London ( 0.62365, 0, 0.7817 )
Rec( 1, 550 45 ) X = 0.5628 Y = 0.8266
Z coordinate of Moscow = 0.8266
Rec( 0.5628, 370 36 ) X = 0.4459 Y = 0.3434
Cordinate of Moscow = ( 0.4459, 0.3434, 0.8266)
Get the straight line distance of London to Moscow.
Vct A = ( 0.62365 0 0.7817 )
Vct B = ( 0.4459 0.3434 0.8266 )
Angle between Vectors :
cos = Vct A dot Vct B/ ( Abs(VctA) Abs( Vct B ) )
= 22.4470 Convert this to Min ( multiply by 60)
Page 111
Ans. 1346.78 NM

66. To determine the Course Angle ( London to Moscow )

Using sin Law
sin A / sin 34.25 = sin 370 36 / sin 22.4460
A = 64.080
67.

312

81 30

485

COMPLEX MODE (MODE 2)

Perimeter = 312 + 485 + | 312 81030 485 | = 1333.5
Area = 1/2 bh = 1/2 ( 485 ) ( 312 sin 81.5 ) = 74,828.94

68.

a b

65 36
79 04
X

MODE 5 1
cos 65036 cos 79004 1
sin 65036 -sin 79004 0
a = 1.6977x and b = 1.57467 x
Then Area = 1/2 x ( a sin 650 36 )
1200 = 1/2 ( x ) ( 1.6977x ) sin 650 36
x = 39.4076
Perimeter = a + b + x =

Page 112
 1.6977x + 1.57467x + x = 168.364

69.
cos a = cos b cos c + sin a sin b cos A
cos 750 = cos 85.5 cos 90 + sin 75 sin 85.5 cos A
A = 74.410

70. sin a/ sin A = sin c/ sin C

sin a = sin 112.720 (sin 900 / sin 94.830)
a = 67.770 or a = 180 67.770 = 112.230 Ans.

71. We will just use trial and error.

Note that 90

B C
5
3

A
A2 B 2 C 2
Use the Technique: cos1
2 AB
If side AB = BC = 6.071 then 34.949 and = 55.0690
then 90 Ans. AB = BC = 6.071

72.

Page 113
(400-Y)2 + (200)2 = (h/tan(60))2
(400-Y)2 + 2002 = 1/3h2
and y2 + 2002 = h2
Then: ( 400-Y)2 + 2002 = 1/3( Y2 + 2002)
USE SHIFT CALC Ans. Y = 317.1573
Then h = ( 2002 + Y2) = 374.952 m
(CAL TECH :USE POL(200,317.1573) h = 374.952

73-74

Get the equation of the line joiing ( 0, 40) , ( 100, 0)

MODE 5 1 Input: 0 40 1
100 0 1
Equation: 1/100x + 1/40y = 1
Equation of the line joining ( 0,0) ( 100, 30)
y = 30/100x
or 0.30x y = 0
MODE 5 1
Solve 1/100x + 1/40y = 1
0.3x y = 0
Ans. x = 57.14 y = 17.1428

Page 114
75,76,77

h
hcot25

25
56 hcot56
70

300

h/tan 25 = 2.1445h h/tan 560 = 06745h

USING COSINE LAW TECHNIQE:
|2.1445h70 0.6745h| = 300
Using trial and error: h = 148.8 ( from choices )
2.1445h = 319.1016
0.6745h = 100.37

78-79-80 30Mph

400Mph

R.V. 32

Angle of Shift
COMPLEX MODE:
resultant velocity = 400( 90+ 32) + 30(180)
= 416.675125.50
Angle of shift = 125.5 - ( 90 + 32 ) = 3.5 deg
N ( 125.5 90 ) W or N 35.5 W

81-82-83 40
80kph

30
600kph Page 115
Actual velocity of the plane = 600120 + 8050 = 631.85 113.17
Angle of shift = ( 90 + 30) 113.17 = 6.83 deg
True direction = 113.17 deg of N ( 113.17 90 ) W =
N 230 10 W

RADIAN MODE:
84-85
Perimeter =
5 (770 + 36/600 + 630 + 17/600 + 1070+ 23/600 ) =
= 21.641 m
cos a = cos b cos c + sin b sin c cos A
cos 770 36 = cos 63017 cos 107023 +
sin 63017 sin 107023 cos A
A = 65.83 deg

86-87

MODE 2
X = | 50.248018- 43.6 | = 38.8458 m
Y = | 50.2( 1800 -48018 ) 43.6| = 85.633
P = 2(X + Y) = 248.96
Use Herons Formula

Page 116
S = ( x + y + 87.2)/2 and
1/2 A s(s x )(s y )(s 87.2)
A = 3268

A
B
88. 10cm
25cm 6cm
C
4 cm

D
E
DE = ( 252 42 ) = 24.68 = AB = CD
cos = 4/25 = 80.7930
RAD MODE:
AC = 10( 360 2(80.793) )0 = 34.63
BD = 6( 2(80.793) )0 = 16.92
Total length of the belt = 34.63 + 16.92 + 2(24.68)
= 100.91 cm
89.

30 = 12/cos + 7/cos
30 = 19 sec

Page 117
 = 50.70350 2 = 101.4070
RAD MODE:
Long Arc AD = 12( 360 101.407)0 = 54.16 cm
Long Arc BC = 7(360- 101.407)0 = 31.593 cm
AI = 12 tan 50.7030 = 14.663 cm = DI
BI = 7 tan 50.7030 = 8.553 cm = CI
Length of the Belt = 54.16 + 31.593 + 2( 14.663 + 8.553 )
= 132.19 cm
90.
Pol( 0.2, 0.6 2 0.2 2 )
/2 = 70.5288 , ( this is stored to Y)
Then = 3600 2Y = 218.9420 ( Store it to B)
A = 1/2r2 ( sin )
= 0.5(0.6)2 ( B0 sin (B0) ) = 0.801 m 2
Volume = 0.801(3) = 2.4 m3 = 2,400 liters

91. 75.8m.

X Y

72 43

92.6 m.

ENTER: MODE 5 1 and Input the given data:

cos 72 cos 43 92.6 75.8
sin 72 - sin 43 0
Ouput:
X = 12.642 Y= 17.629
PERIMETER = 75.8 + 92.6 + X + Y
= 198.67 m

92.

a
c

Page 118
7904 6536

b
Let b = 1 X :
ENTER: MODE 5 1
Input:
cos 79004 cos 65036 1
sin 79004 - sin 65036 0

X = 1.5746 and Y = 1.6977

Then b = 1 X , c = 1.5746X and a = 1.6977X

Area = b c sin 79004 =

( 1X) ( 1.5746X) sin 79004 = 1200
X = 39.4
Perimeter = a + b + c = 1.5746X + 1X + 1.6977X
= 168.33

PROBLEM SET 7 PART 1

(STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY)
Given: 12 34 45 23 87 91 121
1. Find the mean.
a. 54 b. 59
c. 57 d. 61
2. Find the population standard deviation.
a. 35.56 b. 33.45
c. 37.75 d d. 38.21
3. Find the sample standard devation.
a. 40.78 b. 41.22
c. 43.34 d. 44.34
4. How many 4 digit numbers can be formed by the use of digits 1,
2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 if one of the digits is used only once in one number.
a. 360 b. 400

Page 119
 c. 320 d. 420
(Situation - Problems 5, 6)
A Math Professor gives the following scores to his students.
Frequency 1 2 4 6
Numbers 30 42 50 60
5. Find the weighted mean of the scores.
a. 56.41 b. 51.85
c. 56.78 d. 55.34
6. Compute the standard deviation.
a. 8.12 b. 9.13
d. 10.12 d. 8.33
(Problems 7 , 8)
The specification for a job calls for a class b mix with a
minimum compressive strength of 3,000 psi at 28 days. The result of
125 compressive tests are tabulated in the following table. CE
BOARD MAY 1995
28 days compressive strength (psi) Number of
Tests
2800 2
2900 4
3000 6
3100 11
3200 24
3300 37

3400 19
3500 12
3600 6
3700 4
7. The mean strength is
a. 3311.25 b. 3414.34
c. 3289.6 d. 3411.22
8. The standard deviation is
a. 185.33 b. 183.23
c. 195.22 d. 189.45
9. Find the standard deviation of the following sets of numbers.

Page 120
 Frequency: 1 3 4 12
21 33 45 14
a. 12.33 b. 12.56
c. 12.67 d. 13.33
10. How many 4 digit numbers can be formed by the use of the digits
1,2,3,4,6 and 7 if one digit is used only once? PAST CE BOARD
a. 360 b. 400
c. 320 d. 420
11. Four different colored flags can be hung in a row to make a coded
signal. How many signals can be made if a signal consists of the
display of one or more flags?
a. 64 b. 68
c. 62 d. 66
12. In how many ways can a bowling player score in one throw of a
bowling ball . (There are 10 pins) CE BOARD Nov 2009
a. 1120 b. 1024
c. 720 d. 30,240
13. What is the number of permutations of the letters in the word
BANANA? PAST EE BOARD
a. 36 b. 52
c. 60 d. 42
14. In how many ways can 10 trees be planted in a circular lot?
a. 362,880 b. 3,628,880
c. 432,112 d. 442,122
15. Three boys and three girls sit in a row of 6 chairs. In how many
ways can they sit in alternate seats.
a. 36 b. 18
c. 72 d. 144

16. Three boys and 3 girls sit in a row. In how many ways can they
sit if the girls are always together?
a. 144 d. 152
c. 100 d. 122
17. A factory building has 8 entrance doors. In how many ways can a
person enter and leave by different doors.

Page 121
 a. 56 b. 70
c. 64 d. 64
18. In how many ways can you invite one or more of your five friends
in a party? PAST ME BOARD.
a. 32 b. 30
c. 31 d. 29
19. A semiconductor will hire 7 men and 5 women. In how many
ways can the company choose from 9 men and 6 women.
a. 678 b. 216
c. 324 d. 560
20. The lotto uses numbers 1 to 42. A winning number uses 6
different numbers in any order. What is your chance of winning if you
bet one ticket? CE BOARD NOV 2009
a. 1/4534568 b. 1/6580668
c. 1/5245786 d. 1/2341668
21. How many triangles are determined by three non collinear points
from 10 points? PAST ECE BOARD.
a. 720 b. 120
b. 90 d. 100
22. In a licensure exam, an examinee may select 7 problems from a
set of 10 questions. How many choices has he? PAST EE BOARD
a. 720 b. 120
c. 90 d. 100
23. If you roll a pair of dice one time, what is the probability of getting
a sum of 9? PAST ECE BOARD
a. 1/9 b. 1/4
c. 1/6 d. 1/3
24. A coin is tossed 5 times. What is the probability of getting 3
heads?
a. 0.3125 b. 0.125
c. 0.5 d. 0.2125
25. A coin is tossed 3 times. What is the probability of getting 3
heads? PAST CE BOARD
a. 1/4 b. 1/8
c. 3/4 d. 1/2

Page 122
26. What is the probability of getting at least 3 heads when a fair coin
is tossed 6 times.
a. 19/32 b. 17/32
c. 21/32 d. 15/32
27. In a dice game, one fair die is tossed. The player wins P20 if he
rolls either 1 or a 6. He loses P10 if he turns up any other face. What
is the expected winning for one roll of a die?
a. -2 b. 2
c. 0 d. 1
28. The probability of getting a credit in an examination is 1/3. If
three students are selected at random, what is the probability that at
least one of them get the credit?
a. 2/3 b. 19/27
c. 20/27 d. 7/9
29. A coin is tossed 10 times. What is the probability of getting 4
tails and 6 heads?
a. 105/512 c. 13/64
d. 51/256 d. 25/128
30. In how many ways can a committee consisting of 3 mean and 2
women be chosen from 7 men and 5 women?
a. 350 b. 400
c. 300 d. 200
31. A die is constructed so that a 1 or a 2 occurs twice as a 3, 4 or a
6 and a 5 occurs thrice as a 1 or a 2. If the die is tossed once. Find
the probability that an even number will occur ?
a. 4/9 b. 2/9
c. 1/9 d. 4/13
32. Six married couples are standing in a room. Find the probability
that they are married.
a. 1/10 b. 1/9
c. 1/11 d. 1/12
33. A restaurant is giving away 3 different toys with each childs
meal. What is the probability of getting all three toys when purchasing
5 meals?
a. 130/243 b. 150/243
c. 130/243 d. 112/243

Page 123
34 . What is the probability of a family with 5 children of having 3 boys
and 2 girls?
a. 5/16 b. 1/4
c. 3/16 d. 3/8

35 . In a basketball game, the free throw average is 0.65. Find the

probability that a player misses one shot of the three free throws?
a. 0.441 b. 0.422
c. 0.444 d. 0.451
36. With 50 questions each of which has 4 given answers, how
many possible answer patterns are there? PAST EE BOARD
a. 1.27 x 1030 b. 1.34 x 1030
c. 1.45 x 10 30 d. 1.45 x 1030
37 From the following tabulation, compute the correlation coefficient
between x and y. PAST EE BOARD.
X 80 84 88 92 98 104
Y 4 8 10 8 12 14
a. 0.94 b.0.88
c 0.92 d. 0.88
38. Find the probability that a person flipping a coin gets the 3 rd head
on the 7th flip.
a. 0.1144 b. 0.1172
c. 0.1221 d. 0.1344
39. Find the probability that a person flipping a coin gets the 1 st head
on the 4th flip.
a. 0.035 b. 0.0012
c. 0.0625 d. 0.1122
40. The probability that a student pilot passes a written test for his
private pilots licence is 0.7. Find the probability that a person passes
the test before the 4th try.
a. 0.973 b. 0.812
c. 0.922 d. 0.954
41. On the average, a certain intersection results in 3 traffic accidents
per month. What is the probability that in any given month at this
intersection, exactly 5 accidents will occur.

Page 124
 a. 0.0091 b. 0.2112
c. 0.1221 d. 0.1008
42. Refer to no 41, What is the probability that less than 3 accidents
will occur?
a. 0.4232 b. 0.4442
c. 0.3322 d. 0.4276
43. A secretary makes 2 errors per page on the average. What is the
probability that the page she makes will have 4 or more errors.
a. 0.1428 b. 0.1234
c. 0.2122 d. 0.1122

44. An urn contains white and black balls. If the probability to pick a
white ball is equal to log x and the probability that it will be black is
equal to log 2x, what is the value of x? ECE Nov 2002
a. 1.515 b. 2.236
b. 1.732 d. 1.412
45. One bag contains 4 white balls and 3 black balls and a second
bag contains 3 white and 5 black balls. One ball is drawn from the
second bag and is placed unseen in the first bag. What is the
probability that the ball now drawn from the first bag is white?
a. 35/64 b. 33/64
c. 31/64 d. 19/64
46. Box A contains nine cards numbered 1 to 9, and Box B contains
5 cards numbered 1 to 5. A box is chosen at random and a card is
drawn. If the number is even, find the probability that it came from box
A.
a. 9/19 b.10/19
c. 11/19 d. 21/19
47. During the board exam, there were 350 examinees from Luzon,
250 from Visayas, and 400 from Mindanao. The results of the exams
revealed that flunkers from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao are 3%, 5%
and 7%. If a name of a flunker is picked at random, what is the
probability that it came from Mindanao? ECE April 2003
a. 0.549 b. 0.553
c. 0.581 d. 0.567

Page 125
48. There are 2 copies each of 4 different books. In how many ways
can they be arranged in the shelf? ECE April 2003
a. 2340 b. 2520
c. 2321 d. 3410
49. If the probability that a basketball player sinks the basket at a 3
point range is 2/5, determine the probability of shooting 5 out of 8
attempts. ECE April 2003
a. 13.21% b. 11.44%
c. 12.38% d. 11.44%
50. Compute the standard deviation of the following set of numbers.
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12
ECE April 2005
a. 3.742 b. 3.451
c. 4.112 d. 4.221

SOLUTION:
Note: For ES plus users SHIFT 1 5 is the same as SHIFT 1 4
For nPr , ENTER n SHIFT x r
For nCr, ENTER n SHIFT r
1. ENTER: MODE 3 1
Input the given data then ENTER: AC
To get the mean: ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 2
Ans. X = 59 (b)
2. ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 3
Ans. Xn = 37.75 (c)
3. ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 4
Ans. Xn-1 = 40.78 (a)
4. nPr = 6P4 = 360 (a)
5. ENTER: MODE 3 1
SHOW THE FREQUENCY: ENTER: SHIFT MODE 4 1
Input the given data.
ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 2

Page 126
 Ans. X = 51. 85
6. ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 3 =
Ans. Xn = 9.13
7. ENTER: MODE 3 1
SHOW THE FREQUENCY: ENTER: SHIFT MODE 4 1
Input the given data. ENTER AC
ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 2
Ans. X = 3289.6 (c)
8. ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 3
Ans. Xn = 183.23 (b)
9. ENTER: MODE 3 1
SHOW THE FREQUENCY: ENTER: SHIFT MODE 4 1
Input the given data. ENTER AC
ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 3
Ans. Ans. Xn = 12.67 (c )
10. 6P4 = 360
11. 4P1 + 4P2 + 4P3 + 4P4 = 4 + 12 + 24 + 24 = 64 (a)
12. 210 = 1024 ( This is the same as 10C0 + 10C1 + 10C2 + ..
10C10)
13. BANANA 1 B 3 A 2 N
6!/( 1!3!2!) = 60 ( c )

14. ( n-1)! = 9! = 362,880

15. BBBGGG or GGGBBB 2 (3!)(3!) = 72 ( c )
16. GGGBBB
BGGGBB
BBGGGB
BBBGGG
4 x 3! x 3! = 144 ( a )
17. 8 x 7 = 56
18. 5C1 + 5C2 + 5C3 + 5C4 + 5 C5 = 31 or 25 -1 = 31
19. 9C7 x 6C5 = 216 (b)
20. 1/ 42C6 = 1/ 5245786 ( c )
21. 10C3 =120 (b)
22. 10C7 = 120 (b)
Page 127
23. The possible sums (2 7 ), ( 7 2), ( 4 5 ), ( 5 4)
Probability = 4/( 6 x 6 ) = 4/36 = 1/9
24. ( H + T)5 You need the coefficient of H3T2
Ans. 5C3 (1/2)3(1/2)2 = 0.3125 (a)
25. (H + T) coefficient of H3 T3 is 1.
3

1( 1/2)3(1/2)3 = 1/8
26. 6
(H + T) you need the sum of the coefficients of
H3T3, H4T2, H5T , H6
(6C3 + 6C4 + 6C5 + 6C6)/ 26 = 21/32 (c)
27. Probability of getting a 1 or a 6 = 2/6
Probability of any other numbers = 4/6
Expectation = 2/6(20) + 4/6(-10) = 0 ( c )
28. Let C = with credit N = No credit
(C + N)3 = C3 + 3C2N + 3CN2 + N3
Probability of getting at least one credit is
(1/3)3 + 3(1/3)2(2/3) + 3(1/3)(2/3)2 = 19/27 ( b )
29. (H + T) 10 coefficient of H6T4 = 10C6 = 210
Ans. 210/210 = 105/512 ( a )
30. 7C3 x 5C2 = 350 (a)
31. Let w = probability of getting a 3, 4 or a 6.
then 1 or a 2 has a probability of 2w
Sum of probability = 1
( 3, 4, 6) prob = w + w + w = 3w
( 1,2) prob = 2w + 2w = 4w
(5) prob = 3(2w) = 6w
Sum = 3w + 4w + 6w = 13w = 1 , w = 1/13

The even numbers are 2, 4 and 6 with probabilities of 2w, w, w

resp.
Sum for ( 2,4,6) = 4w prob = 4(1/13) = 4/13 (d)
32. 6C1 / ( 12C2) = 1/11
33. Let X = toy 1, Y = Toy 2 and Z = toy 3.
For ( X + Y + Z )5 ( 5 means five meals ), we are looking for
the coefficients of
X1Y1Z3, X1Y3Z1, X3Y1Z1, X2Y2Z1, X2Y1Z2, X1Y1Z2

Page 128
 5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
= 150
1!1!3! 1!3!1! 3!1!1! 2!2!1! 2!1!2! 2!1!2!
Probability = 150/35 = 150/243
34. (B + G) 5 Coefficcient of B3G2 is 5C3 = 10
Ans. 10/25 = 5/16 (a)
35. Let X = prob of shooting P(X) = 0.65
Y = prob of missing P(Y) = 0.35
( X + Y)3 = X3 + 3X2Y + 3XY2 + Y3
Probability of missing one shot
3X2Y = 3(0.65)2(0.35) = 0.443625 (c )
36. 450 = 1.27 x 1030
37. ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input the given data and ENTER: AC
ENTER: SHIFT 1 7 3 =
(FOR ES plus: ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 3)
Ans. r = 0.92166 (c)
38. Possible ways to get 3rd head on the 7th flip = 6C2 = 15
Probability = 15/27 = 15/128 = 0.1171875
39. Possible ways to get 1st head on the 4th flip = 1
Probability = 1/24 = 1/16 = 0.0625 ( c )
40. Possible ways. P FP FFP
Probability = 0. 7 + 0.3(0.7) + 0.3(0.3)(0.7)
= 0.973
41. Apply Poissons Distribution formula.
e ( ) X e ( ) X e 3 (3)5
P(x) = = = 0.10082 (d)
x! x! 5!
2 e 3 (3) x
42. P( X < 3 ) = 0.4232
x 0 x!
3 e 2 ( 2 ) x
43. P( X 4) = 1 - F( X < 4 ) = 1 = 0.1428
x 0 x!
44. log x + log 2x = 1 x = 2.236 (b) USE SHIFT CALC

45. Bag 1

W 5W, 3B W

Page 129
3W, 5B
 Bag 2 5/8
3/8

5/8

B 4/8
W

prob of getting white from the first bag =

P( W) = 3/8(5/8) + 5/8(4/8) = 35/64 (a)
46.
4/9
Box A 1-9
Even number (2,4,6,8)

1-5 Even number (2,4)

Box B
2/5
Probability of getting even number = 1/2(4/9) + 1/2( 2/5) =
19/45
Probability that this number came from Box A =
1/2(4/9) / ( 19/45 ) = 10/19 (b)
47. Probability of picking a flunker.
P(F) =
(3% x 350 + 5% x 250 + 7% x 400 )/ ( 350 + 250 + 400 ) = 51/1000
P ( M F) = (7% x 400)/( 350 + 240 + 400) = 7/250
P( M| F) = P ( M F) / P(F) = (7/250)/ (51/1000) = 0.549 (a)
48. 8!/( 2!2!2!2!) = 2520
49. Let X = sinking the basket , Y not sinking
P( X) = 2/5 P(Y) = 1 2/5 = 3/5
( X + Y) 8 The coefficient of X5 Y3 is 8C5 = 56
Probability of sinking 5 out of 8 is 56(2/5)5(3/5)3 = 0.1238
50. ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input the given data. ENTER AC.
ENTER: SHIFT 1 5 4 =

Page 130
 Ans, Xn-1 = 3.74165 (a)
PROBLEM SET 7 PART 2
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
51. A bag contains 3 white balls and 5 red balls. If two balls are
drawn at random in succession without returning the first ball drawn,
what is the probability that the balls drawn are both red? ECE April
2005.
a. 3/14 b. 1/3
c. 5/14 d. 3/7
52. From the digits 0, 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, find the number of six
digit combinations. PAST ECE BOARD
a. 210 b. 110
c. 220 d. 102
53 Find the number of ways 2 green balls, 4 black balls and 6 yellow
balls can be given to 12 children if each child gets one ball.
a. 12,300 b. 13,860
c. 11,200 d. 14,220
54. A class contains 10 men and 20 women at which half the men
and half the women have brown eyes. Find the probability that a
person chosen at random is a man or has brown eyes.
a. 1/3 b. 1/4
c. 1/6 d. 2/3
55. A point is selected inside a circle. Find the probability that the
point is closer to the center of the circle.
a. 1/3 b. 1/2
c. 1/4 d. 1/5
56. The probability that A and B hits a target are 1/4 and 2/5
respectively. If they shoot together, what is the probability that the
target will be hit.
a. 11/20 b. 1/2
c. 9/20 d. 7/20
57. A statistics of a machine factory indicates that for every1000 unit
it produces , there is one reject unit. If a customer buys 200 units,
what is the probability that it will have at least one reject unit. PAST
ECE BOARD

Page 131
 a.0.1233 b. 0.1814
c. 0.2311 d. 0.3122
58. A PSME unit has 10 MEs, 8 PMEs, and 6 CPMs. If a committee
of 3 members one from each group is to be formed, how many such
committees can be formed?
a. 260 b. 480
c. 380 d. 360

59. In how many ways can 4 boys and 4 girls be seated alternately in
a row of 8 seats.
a. 1152 b. 576
c. 2304 d. 1120
60. There are 13 teams in a tournament. Each team is to play with
each other only once. What is the minimum number of days can they
all play without any team playing more than one game in any day.
PAST ECE BOARD
a. 11 b. 12
c. 13 d. 14
61. A bag contains 3 white and 5 black balls. If two balls are drawn in
succession without replacement, what is the probability that both balls
are white?
a. 1/14 b. 3/28
c. 4/7 d. 5/28
62. An urn contains 4 black balls and 6 white balls. What is the
probability of getting1 black and 1 white ball in two consecutive draws
from the urn? PAST ME BOARD
a. 8/15 b. 7/15
c. 6/15 d. 4/15
63. Find the probability of getting a prime number thrice by tossing a
die 5 times.
a. 0.4225 b. 0.3125
c. 0.375 d. 0.1626
64. A janitor with a bunch of 9 keys is to open a door but only one
key can open. What is the probability that he will succeed in 3 trials?
ECE Nov 2005
a. 1/2 b. 1/4

Page 132
 c. 2/3 d. 1/3
65. If the odds against event E are 2: 7, find the probability of
success.
a. 2/9 b. 7/9
c. 9/14 d. 1/2
66. In a class of 40 students. 27 like calculus and 25 like chemistry.
How many like both calculus and chemistry?
a.12 b. 15
c. 18 d. 21
67. A club of 40 executives , 33 like to smoke Marlboro, and 20 like to
smoke Philip Morris. How many like both?
a. 12 b. 13
c. 14 d. 15

68. A survey of 500 television viewers produce the following results.

285 watch football games
195 watch hockey games
115 watch basketball games
45 watch football and basketball games
70 watch football and hockey games
50 wacth hockey and basketball games
50 do not watch any of the 3 games.
How many watch Hockey Games only.
a. 75 b. 85
c. 95 d. 105
69. An items cost distribution has a given function of the probability.
What is the expected cost?
Cost in Pesos Probability
1 0.2
2 0.28
3 0.18
4 0.23
5 0.11
a. 2.45 b. 2.77
c. 2.11 d. 2.89

Page 133
70. By investing in a particular stock, a person can make in one year
P 40,000 with a probability of 0.3 or take a loss of P 10,000 with a
probability of 0.7. What is the persons expected gain?
a. 5000 b. 4000
c. 7000 d. 8000
71. A player tosses three fair coins. He wins P 8 if 3 heads occur,
P3.00 if 2 heads occur and P 1.00 only if one head occur. If the game
is fair, how much should he lose if no heads occur?
a. P 30 b. P 20
c. P 25 d. 11
72. In a survey concerning the smoking habits of consumer, it was
found that 55% smoke cigarette A, 50% smoke cigarette B, 40%
smoke cigarette C, 30% smoke cigarette A and B, 20% smoke
cigarette A and C, 12% smoke cigarette B and C and only 10% smoke
all the three cigarettes. What % of the population did not smoke?
PAST CE BOARD
a. 7% b. 6%
c. 4% d. 3%

73. Find the number of permutation of letters in the word

TOLENTINO ?
a. 45,360 b. 42,360
c. 44,160 d. 49,120
74. Three light bulbs are chosen at random from 15 bulbs of which 5
are defective. Find the probability that none is defective.
a. 23/91 b.24/91
c. 20/91 d. 33/91
75. Of 120 students, 60 are studying French, 50 are studying
Spanish, and 20 are studying French and Spanish. If the student is
chosen at random, find the probability that the student is studying
French or Spanish.
a. 1/4 b. 1/2
c. 3/4 d. 4/5

Page 134
76. A pair of fair dice is tossed. Find the probability that the
maximum of the two numbers is greater than 4.
a. 4/9 b.5/9
c. 2/9 d. 3/9
77. Three boys and 3 girls sit in a row. Find the probability that the 3
girls sit together.
a. 1/5 b. 2/5
c. 3/5 d. 2/3
78. A point is selected at random inside an equilateral triangle whose
side is 3 units. Find the probability that its distance to any corner is
greater than 1.
a. 0.577 b. 0.544
c. 0.597 d. 0.555
79. During a board meeting, each member shakes hands with all
other members. If there were a total of 91 handshakes, how many
members were in the meeting? ECE NOV 2002
a. 12 b. 13
c. 14 d. 15
80. How many 3 digit area codes are there for a telephone company
if the 1st digit may not be 0 or 1 , and the second digit must be 0 or 1?
a. 160 b. 140
c. 210 d. 120
81. In how many ways can 3 marines and 4 armies be seated on a
bench if the armies must be seated together? PAST ME BOARD
a. 544 b. 576
c. 466 d. 624

82. There are 5 main roads between cities A and B, and four
between B and C. In how many ways can a person drive from A and
C and return, going trough B on both trips without driving on the same
road twice? PAST ME BOARD
a. 120 b. 240
c. 360 d. 440
83. On a certain examination, the student must answer 8 of the 12
questions, including exactly 5 of the first 6. In how many ways can he
write the examination? PAST ME BOARD

Page 135
 a. 110 b. 120
c. 60 d. 240
84. How many different sums of money can be made from a penny, a
nickel, a dime, and a quarter? PAST ME BOARD
a. 12 b. 13
c. 14 d. 15
85. How many line segments can be formed with 6 distinct points , no
two of which are collinear?
PAST ME BOARD
a. 15 b. 17
c. 20 d. 22
86. How many triangles are determined by the vertices of a regular
hexagon? PAST ME BOARD
a. 40 b. 20
c. 30 d. 10
87. In a toss of a coin, the head is twice as likely to occur as a tail.
Find the probability of getting 6 heads if this coin is tossed 15 times.
a. 0.0223 b. 0.0123
c. 0.0723 d. 0.0823
88. If 15 people won prizes in the state lottery, in how many ways
can these people win first, second, third, fourth and fifth prizes
a. 360,360 b. 235,360
c. 130,340 d. 245,660
89. A player tosses a fair die. If a prime number occurs, he wins that
number of pesos, but if a non prime number occurs, he loses that
number of pesos. Find the expected winning.
a. 1/6 b. -1/6
c. 1/3 d. -1/3

90. A sample of 3 items is selected at random from a box containing

12 items of which 3 are defective. Find the expected number of
defective items.
a. 1/2 b. 3/4

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 c. 4/5 d. 3/8
91. There are 10 points A, B on a plane. How many triangles are
determined by these points.
a. 120 b. 240
c. 720 d. 144
92. From Prob 91, How many of these triangles contains the point A?
a. 44 b. 36
c. 18 d. 44
93. Three machines A , B and C produce respectively 50%, 30% and
20% of the total number of item of a factory. The percentages of
defective output of these machines are 3%, 4% and 5%. If an item is
selected at random, find the probability that the item is defective.
a.0.037 b. 0.012
c. 0.045 d. 0.047
94. From prob 93: Suppose an item is selected at random and found
to be defective, find the probability that the item was produced by
machine A.
a. 115/37 b. 12/37
c. 11/37 d. 18/37
95. A player tosses two fair coins. He wins P 1 if 1 head appears, P 2
if 2 heads appear. On the other hand, he loses P 5 if no heads
appear. Determine the expected value of the game.
a.-0.50 b. 0.75
c. 0.25 d. -0.25
96. In how many ways can 3 Americans, 4 Frenchmen, 4 Danes and
2 Italians sit in a round table so that the same nationality sit together.
a. 59,232 b. 42,122
c. 41,472 d. 45,122
97. There are 12 students in a class. In how many ways can the 12
sudents take 3 different tests if 4 students are to take the test.
a. 33,450 b. 34,650
c. 31,250 d. 35,450
98. How many 3 digit numbers, each less than 500, can be formed
from the digits 1, 3, 4 and 6 and 7.
a. 24 b. 36
c. 18 d. 27

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99. A pack of cards contain 52 cards: 13 spades, 13 clubs, 13 hearts
and 13 diamonds. Of the 52 cards, 4 are aces one from each suit. The
hearts and the diamonds are colored red , the spades and clubs are
black. Four cards are drawn from the pack , each card being returned
to
the pack before the next card is drawn. Find the probability that all
are clubs.
a. 1/4 b. 1/100
c. 1/256 d. 1/512

100. Refer to problem 99. If 5 cards are drawn simultaneously, find

the probability to get all the 4 aces.
a. 1/54145 b. 2/54145
c. 4/54145 d. 9/54145

101. A fair coin is tossed 10 times. Compute the probability of

getting at least 7 heads.
a. 9/64 b. 11/64
c. 7/64 d. 13/64

102. A fair die is tossed 8 times. What is the probability of obtaining

the faces 5 and 6 twice and each of the other once.
a.0.004 b.0.005
c. 0.006 d. 0.007

103. The painted light bulbs produced by a company are 50% red,
30% blue and 20% green. In a sample of 5 bulbs, find the probability
that 2 are red,1 is green and 2 are blue.
a. 0.07 b. 0.08
c. 0.09 d. 0.10

104. Suppose 2% of the people on the average are left handed. Find
the probability that exactly 3 are left handed among 100 people.
a. 0.1804 c. 0.1791
c. 0.1922 d. 0.1167

Page 138
105. Suppose 220 misprints are distributed randomly throughout a
book of 200 pages. Find the probability that a given page contains 2
or more misprints.
a. 0.301 b. 0.299
c. 0.276 d. 0.223

SOLUTION

51. Prob = (5C2)/ (8C2) = 5/14

52. 10C6 = 210 (a)

53. 12! /( 2!4!6!) = 13,860 (b)

54. P(man) = 10/30 P(brown eyes ) = 1/2
P( man brown eyes) = 10/30 x 1/2 = 1/6
P(man brown eyes) =
P(man) + P(brown eyes) - P( man brown eyes)
= 10/30 + 1/2 1/6 = 2/3 (d)

55. R

r
R = 2r

Probability of being closer to the center =

area of the small circle / area of big circle
r2 / (2r)2 = 1/4 (c)
56. Probability of hitting the target =
1/4(3/5) + 3/4(2/5) + 1/4(2/5) = 11/20
Note: A hit, B miss + A miss, B hit + A hit, B hit = 11/20
57. probability of getting a reject = 1/1000
probability of getting a non reject = 999/1000
probability of getting at least one reject =
1 (999/1000)200 = 0.18135 (b)
58. 10 x 8 x 6 = 480 (b)

Page 139
59. 2 x 4! x 4! = 1152 (a)
60. The number of games = 13C2 = 78
61. probability = 3C2 / 8C2 = 3/28 (b)
62. prob = ( 4C1 x 6C1) / 10C2 = 8/15 (a)
63. Prime = 2, 3 and 5 P(prime) =3/6 = 1/2
P(not prime ) = 1-1/2 = 1/2
For: ( Prime + Not Prime) 5 ,
coefficient of Prime3 Not Prime2 = 5C2 = 10
Probability of getting prime number =
10( 1/2)3(/2)2 = 5/16 = 0.3125 (b)
64. 1/9 + 1/9 + 1/9 = 1/3 ( d)

65. 7/(2 +7) = 7/9 (b)

66.

27 x + x + 25 x = 40 x = 12 (a)
67.

33 x + x + 20 x = 40 x = 13 (b)

68.

Page 140
Note: For football: 285 ( 70 x) x ( 45 x) = 170 + xFor
Hockey: 195 ( 70-x) x (50-x) = 75 + x
115 ( 45-x) x (50-x) = 20 + x
285 + 75 + x + 50 x + 20 + x = 450
x = 20
Hockey only: 75 + x = 75 + 20 = 95 ( c )
69. Mean = 1(0.2) + 2(0.28) + 3(0.18) + 4(0.23) + 5(0.11) =
2.77
70. Mean = 40,000(0.3) 10,000(0.7) = 5000
71. ( T + H)3 = T3 + 3T2H + 3TH2 + H3
for 3 Heads p = 1/8
2 Heads p = 3/8
1 Head p = 3/8
no head p = 1/8
Mean = (1/8)(8) + (3/8)(3) + (1/8)(1) - X(1/8) = 0 X = 11

72.

The sum of
15% + 20% + 10% + 10% + 18% + 2% + 18% =93%
% that did not smoke = 100 93 = 7% (a)

73. TOLENTINO T = 2 N = 2 0 = 2
9!/( 2!2!2!) = 45,360 (a)

74. (10C3)/ (15C3) = 24/91 (b) (Note: Choose 3 out of 15 5 =

10 non defective)

Page 141
75.

Probability of studying French or Spanish =

(40 + 20 + 30)/ 120 = 3/4 (c )
76. Possible combinations:
The first number should be 5 or 6 and the last number could be
any number.
There are 20 possible combinations.
5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6
1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 6 5
6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 6
1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6
Ans. 20/36 = 5/9

77. GGGBBB
BGGGBB
BBGGGB
BBBGGG
Possible ways , the girls are together = 4 x 3! x 3! = 144
Prob = 144/6! = 1/5 (a)
78.
1 unit 60 1 unit

1 unit 1 unit
60 60
1 unit 1 unit

Page 142
Area of the 3 sectors = 3( 1/2(1)2( 600) ) = /2
Area of the triangle = (3)23 / 4 = 93/4
9 3 /4 /2
Probability that distance is greater than 0.597
9 3 /4

79. C(n,2) = 91 Use trial and error for the 4 choices.

n = 14 ( c )

80. 8 x 2 x 10 = 160 (a)

81. AAAAMMM
MAAAAMM
MMAAAAM
MMMAAAA
Possible ways the armies are together.
4 x 4! x 3! = 576 (b)
82. For Cities A and B possible ways = 5P2 = 20
For B and C possible ways = 4P2 = 12
Possible ways = 20 x 12 = 240 (b)
83. 6C5 x 4C3 =120 (b) ( Note he must answer the 1st 5 , so
only 6 questions remain, and he must answer only 3 )
84. 4C1 + 4C2 + 4C3 + 4C4 = 24 -1 = 15 (d)
85. 6C2 = 15 (a)
86. 6C3 = 20 (b)

87. P(H) = 2/3 P(T) = 1/3

Coefficient of H6 T9 in (H + T)15 is 15C6 = 5005
Then Required Probability = 5005(2/3)6(1/3)9 = 0.0223
88. 15P5 = 360,360
89. Number Prob Lose
1 1/6 -1 (Not Prime)
2 1/6 2 (Prime)
3 1/6 3 (Prime)
4 1/6 -4 (Not Prime)

Page 143
 5 1/6 5 (Prime)
6 1/6 6 (Not Prime)
Mean = 1/6(-1) + 1/6(2) + 1/6(3) + 1/6(-4) + 1/6(5) - 1/6(6) = -1/6 (b)
90. Number of possible defectives x = ( 0, 1, 2, 3)
If x = 0 Prob = (3C0 x 9C3) / 12C3 = 84/220
x = 1 Prob = 3C1 x 9C2 /12C3 = 108/220
x = 2 Prob = (3C2 x 9C1 ) /12C3 = 27 /220
x = 3 Prob = (3C3 X9C0) /12C3 = 1/220
mean defective = 0 x 84/220 + 1 x 108/220 + 2 x 27/220 + 3 x 1/220
= 3/4 (b)
91. 10C3 = 120 (a)
92. 9C2 = 36 (b)
93. Probability that item is defective =
50% x 3% + 30% x 4% + 20% x 5% = 0.037

94. P( it is produced by machine A defective ) =

50% x 3% = 0.015
P(it is produced by machine A given that it is defective) =
0.015/0.037 = 15/37 (a)
95. ( T + H)2 = T2 + 2TH + H2
1 H prob = 2/4 Prize = P 1
2 H prob = 1/4 Prize = P 2
0H or all T prob= 1/4 Prize = - P 5 (loses)
mean = 1(2/4) + 2(1/4) 5(1/4) = P -0.25 (d)
96. The four nationalities can be arrange in a circle in 3! ways
The number of ways they can sit together = 3! x (3! x 4! x 4! x 2! ) =
41,472 (c)
97. 12! /( 4! x 4! x 4! ) = 34,650 (b)
98. We can use only 1, 3 , 4 in the 1st 2 digits
4 x 3 x 2 = 24 (a)
99. (13/52)(13/52)(13/52)(13/52) = 1/256 ( c )

100. (4C4)(48C1)/ (52C50 = 1/54145

101. (10C7 + 10C8 + 10C9 + 10C10)/210 = 11/64 (b)

Page 144
102. prob =
8 8!
(1/ 6)2 (1/ 6)2 (1/ 6)1(1/ 6)1(1/ 6)1(1/ 6)1 (1/ 6)8
2,2,1,1,1,1 2!2!
= 35/5832 = 0.006 (c)
prob =
5 5!
103. (0.5) 2 (0.3)1 (0.2) 2 ( 0 .5 ) 2 ( 0 .3 ) 1 ( 0 .2 ) 2 =
2,1,2 2!2!
0.09(c)
e 2 (2)3
104. mean = 2% x 100 = 2 prob = = 0.1804 (a)
3!
105. mean = 220/200 = 1.1
prob that a given page contains 2 or more misprints
= 1- prob that a given page contains 0 or 1 misprint)
e 1.1(1.1)0 e 1.1(1.1)1
= 1( ) = 0.301 (a)
0! 1!

PROBLEM SET 8 (COMPLEX NUMBERS)

1. Compute the absolute value of 3 + 4i . PAST CE BOARD

a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 6
2. Compute the absolute value of 4 5i
a. 6.4 b. 6.2
c. 6.3 d. 6.5

3. Find the argument of 4 6i

a. -67.30 b. -56.30
c. -67.10 d. -77.60
4. If A = - 2 13i and B = 3 + i4. What is A/B ? PAST EE BOARD
a. -18/25 + 1/25i b. -58/25 31/25i
c. 58/25 + 1/25i d. 18/25 -13/25i
5. Simplify ( 3 + 5i)( 5 3i)( 3 + 2i).
a. 58 108i b. 58 + 108i
c. 45 112i d. 56 106i
6. Find the value of x that satisfies x2 + 36 = 9 2x2. PAST ME
BOARD
Page 145
 a. 6i b. 9i
c. 3i d. 2i

7. Convert -5 + 3i to polar form.

a. 5.83139 b. 5.83149
c. 5.77139 d. 5.36122
0
8. Convert 5.6723 to rectangular form.
a. 4.22 + 3.14i b. 4.33 + 2.12i
c. 5.34 + 3.22i d. 5.22 + 2.22i
4(cos 30 i sin 30)
9. Reduce to equivalent polar form.
3(cos 60 i sin 60)
a. 1.33300 b. 1.33-300
c. 0.7540 0 d. 0.75-400
10. ( 1 + i)7 is
a. 7+8i b. 8- 8i
c. 3 + 8i d. 4 8i
11. Find the value of y in ( 3x + 4yi)(6 -7i) = 3 + 5i
a. 1/20 b. 1/10
c. 3/20 d. 1/5
12. If x + yi = 4e3i , the value of x is
a. -3.96 b. -4.33
c. 3.44 d. -4.45
13. ln( 3 + 4i) is? PAST EE BOARD
a. 1.61 0.88i b. 1.61 + 0.93i
c. 1.44 0.67i d. 1.45 + 0.93 i
14. The absolute value of 5 + yi is 6.403. What is the value of y ?
a. 2 b. 3
c.4 d. 5
15. Simplify ( 9 )(3 343 ) PAST EE BOARD
a. 22i b. -23i
c. -21i d. -22i

16. Simplify 4i3 times 2i2 PAST EE BOARD

a. 8i b. 4i

Page 146
 c. 2i d. 16i
17. Simplify i3219 i427 + i18 PAST EE BOARD
a. -1 b. 1
c. 2 d. - 2
18. Simplify i1997 + i1999 PAST ECE BOARD
a. 1 b. 2
c. -1 d. 0

19. What is the exponential form of 10 + 12i ?

a. 15.62e0.216i b. 15.62e0.976i.
c. 15.62e0.476i d. 15.62e0.876i
20. Find the value of x in 3x + 4y + 3yi + 15 3i = 0
a. -6.33 b. 2.33
c. 1.33 d. -4.33
21. If 3x + 4y 6 + 7i = 0 , what is the value of ( x + yi)(2 + 4i)
a. 5+11.5i b. -3 + 11.5i
c. 3 11i d. 2 + 11.5i
22. If A = 3 + 2i and B = 3e-3i and x + yi = A/B , what is the
value of x?
a. -1.084 b. 1.112
c. -1.222 d. 1.322
23. If A = 330 B = 3e and C = 3 4i , find the absolute
0 -3i

value of ABC.
a. 45 b. 50
c. 55 d. 60
24. The third principal of -46 9i
a. 3 4i b. 2 3i
c. 3 5i d. 4 3i
25. The 4th principal of 28-96i
a. 1 + 2i b. 1 -3i
c. 1 + 3i d. 2 -3i
5 4 2
26. Let f(x) = x + 3x + 2x and f(z) = 1024 + 1232i , the value of z
is
a. 2 + 4i b. 2 4i
c. 3 + 2i d. 1 + 2i

Page 147
27. 5 cis 40 + 4 cis 60 7 cis 67 = X , is
a. 4.23 deg b. 3.45 deg
c. 4.33 deg d. 5.32 deg
28. The first root of ( 1 + i)1/5 is
a. 1.03 + 0.133i b. -1.03 + 0.233i
c. 1.06 + 0.168i d. 1.23 1.061i
29. If X is a unit vector at 120 degrees angle, determine the vector
sum 1 X + X2 in polar form. PAST EE BOARD
a. 2-300 b. 2-600
c. 3-30 0 d. 3-600
30. If A = 40e j120 deg B = 20 -400 and C = 26.46 + j0 , Find the
value of A + B + C in polar form.
a. 30.9144.82 b. 33.9134.82
c. 40.9144.82 d. 30.9165.12

( 2 3i )(5 i )
31. Simplify:
(3 2i ) 2

a. 221 - 9i b. 21 + 52i
169 13
c. - 7 + 17i d. - 90 + 220i
13 169
32. Find the resultant of the system of concurrent forces shown.

a. 477 N b. 481 N
c. 511 N d. 233 N

33. From problem 32, find the angle that the resultant makes with the
x axis.

Page 148
 a. 298.40 b. 233.10
c. 244.30 d. 133.40

34. EE Board March 1998

Three vectors A, B and C are related as follows:
A 0
= 2 at 180 , A + C = - 5 + j 15 , C is the conjugate of B. Find
B
A.
a. 5 j5 b. -10 + 10j
c. 10 10j d. 15 + j 15

35. Evaluate the terms of the Fourier Series 2ejt + 2e-jt when t
=1 PAST EE BOARD
a. 2 + j b. 2
c -4 d. 2 + j2

36. The 300 lb force and the 400 lb force is to be held in

equilibrium by a third force acting at an unknown angle with the
horizontal. Determine the value of F and .

a. 205.31, 1030 b. 212.56 , 670

c. 222.22 , 810 d. 234.12, 1110

Problems 37, 38
The force of 500 N is the resultant of the forces P and 260 N acting
as shown.
CE BOARD Nov 2006
y
y P
500N
4
3
Page 149
x
x
5
12 260 N
37. Find the value of .
a. 92.12 deg b. 77.23 deg
c. 83.16 deg d. 56.78 deg
38. Find the value of P.
a. 503.59 N b. 511.22 N
c. 489.22 N d. 399.34 N
39. A particle is in equilibrium under the action of 4 N due north, 8 N
due west , 52 N South East and P. What is the magnitude of P
a. 2.16 b. 3.16
c. 4.21 d. 3.99
40. From problem 39. What is the direction of P.
a. N 71.60 E b. N 34.330 W
c. S 33.45 W 0 d. N 18.430 E
41. Two forces A and B act on the same point. If A = 50 , 30
degrees and B = 40 N, 120 degrees. What is the equilibrant force?
ECE APRIL 2004
a. 64 N, 81 deg b. 64 N, 249 deg
c. 106 N, 224 deg d. 106 N, 44 deg

42. Two forces of 30 N at 90 degrees and 40 N at 180 degrees act at

the origin. Determine the magnitude and direction of the equlibrant
force.
a. 50 N at 143 deg b. 50 N at 53 deg
c. 50 N at 323 deg d. 50 N at 470 deg
43. What is the resultant of a displacement 6 miles North and 9 miles
east.
a. 11 miles N 560 E b. 11 miles N 540E
c. 10 miles N 560 E d. 10 miles N 540 E

Page 150
44. Find the resultant of the following forces : F 1 = 600 N at 400 in
1st quadrant, F2 = 800 N at 200 in the second quadrant and F3 = 200 N
at 600 in the 4th quadrant. PAST ME BOARD

a. 522.67 at 63.430 in the 2nd quadrant

b. 453.45 at 53.340 in the 1st quadrant
c. 523.65 N at 56.430 in the 3rd quadrant
d. 321.45 N at 34.430 in the 4th quadrant
Note: ENTER: MODE 2 (COMPLEX MODE)
For argument: ENTER: SHIFT 2 1
For absolute value: ENTER: SHIFT hyp
To convert from rectangular to polar form: ENTER: SHIFT
2 3
To convert from polar to rectangular:
ENTER: SHIFT 2 4
To input i: ENTER: ENG
To input cis or ENTER: SHIFT (-)
To input the conjugate. ENTER: SHIFT 2 2

SOLUTION:
1. arg( 3 + 4i) Ans. 5 (c)
2. | 4 5i| = 6.403 Ans. a
3. arg( 4 6i) Ans. -56.3 (b)
2 13i
4. ENTER: Ans. -58/25 31/25i (b)
3 4i
5. ENTER: ( 3 + 5i)( 5 3i)( 3 + 2i) Ans. 58 + 108i (b)
6. Rewrite as 3x2 + 0x + 27 = 0 USE MODE 5 3
Ans. 3i, -3i (c)
7. ENTER: -5 + 3i SHIFT 2 3 Ans. 5.83149 (b)
8. ENTER: 5.67 23 SHIFT 2 4 Ans. 5.22 + 2.22i ( d)

9. 4( cos 30 + i sin 30) = 4 30 and 3 ( cos 60 + i sin 60 )= 3

60
4 30 3 60 = 1.33 -30 (b)

Page 151
10. ENTER: ( 1 + i)3 ( 1 + i)3 ( 1 + i ) Ans. 8 8i (b)

3 5i
11. 3x + 4yi = = -1/5 + 3/5i x = -1/15
6 7i
and y = 3/20 (c )
12. For 4e3i : Go to radian mode. ENTER: 43 and convert to
rectangular form.
Ans. x + yi = -3.96 + 0.56448i Ans. x = -3.96
13. Go to radian mode, Convert 3 + 4i to polar form.
polar form = 50.9273
50.9273 = 5e0.9273i ln( 5e0.9273i ) = ln 5 + 0.9273i =
1.61 + 0.9273i
14. Use trial and error: | 5 + 4i| = 6.403 y = 4
15. Just input in the CALCULATOR. Ans. -21i
16. Just input in the CALCULATOR. Ans. 8i
17. Divide 3219 by 4 , remainder = 3 , divide 427 by 4, remainder
= 2, divide 18 by 4, remainder = 2 . Then evaluate i3 i2 + i2 Ans.
-1

18. Divide 1997 by 4, remainder = 1 , divide 1999 by 4, remainder =

3
i1 + i3 = 0
19. GO TO radian MODE. Convert 10+ 12i to polar form.
Ans. 15.62e0.876i
20. 3x + 4y + 15 + i( 3y 3) = 0 + 0 i
3x + 4y = -15
0x + 3y = 3 Use MODE 5 1
X = -6.33 ( a) and y = 1
21. 3x + 4y 6 + 7i = 0
3x + 4y = 6 7i , then 3x = 6 , x = 2 and 4y = -7,
y = -7/4 x + yi = 2 7/4i
( x + yi)(2 + 4i) = (2-7/4i)(2+4i) = -3 + 11.5i
22. A = 3 + 2i B = 3 e-3i
(For B go to RADIAN MODE and convert 3-3 to rectangular
form)
3e-3i = -2.97 -0.4234i

Page 152
 Then divide 3 + 2i and - 2.97 0.4234i
A/B = -1.084 0.519i Thus x = -1.084
23. Go to DEGREE MODE:
INPUT: |(3 30)( 3 -3r )( 3 4i )|
Ans. 45

24. Use trial and error. ( 2 -3i)3 = -46 9i

25. Use trial and error. ( 1+ 3i)3( 1 + 3i) = 28 -96i
26. Use trial and error. ENTER: x3x2 + 3x2x + 2x2
CALC 2 4i= 1024 + 1232 i
Ans. (b)

27. INPUT arg(540 + 460 - 767 ) Ans. 4.3330

28. Use trial and error.
( 1.06 + 0.168i)3(1.06 + 0.168i)2 almost 1 + I
29. INPUT 1 X + X2 CALC 1120 and convert to polar form.
Ans. 2-60
30. Input 40120 + 20-40 + 26.6 + 0i and convert to polar form.
Ans. 30.9144.82
31. Just input in the calculator. ANS. -7/13 + 17/13i
32. Input 4000 + 200 150 + 300240 + 300 300 and
convert
to polar form.
Ans. 476.98-61.61
33. angle = 360 61.61 = 298.39
34. A = (2180)B or A = -2B
Let B = x + jy then Conjugate of B = x jy = C
A = -2( x + jy ) = -2x 2jy
C = x jy
A + C = - 5 + j 15
A = - C 5 + J15
A = - ( x jy) 5 + j15 = - x + jy - 5 + j15
-2x 2jy = -x + jy - 5 + 15j
-x 3jy = - 5 + 15j
-x = -5 and -3y = 15
x= 5 y= -5

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CALCULATOR TECHNIQUE
C = conjugate of B A + conjugate B = - 5 + j15
A
A = 2B180 , then B =
2180
A
Therefore: A + conjugate( ) = - 5 + j15
2180
A
Input : A + Conjg( ) CALC -10 + 10i
2180
(Note: substitute the choices) which is -15 + 15i (b)

35. Input 2r + 2-r Ans. 4 (c )

36. For equilibrium, resultant must be zero.
40030 + 300180 + F = 0
F = - (40030 + 300180) = 205.31-103.060
= 103.060 and R = 205.31 ( a )
37. Compute the angle of the 500 N force.
= tan-1 4/3 = 53.130
angle of the 260 N is tan-1 5/12 = 22.620
Then: 50053.130 = P + 260 -22.620
P = 50053.130 - 260 -22.620
Input 50053.130 - 260 -22.620 and convert to polar form.
Ans. 503.5983.16 Ans. 83.16
38. Ans. 503.59 (a)
39. 490 + 8180 + 52 - 45 + P = 0
P = - (490 + 8180 + 52 - 45) = 3.16 18.430
Ans. 3.16 ( b)
40. Bearing N 71.57o E (a)
41. 5030 + 40120 + E = 0 E = - (5030 + 40120) =
64.03 -111.340 or 64.03 248.66 (b)
42. 3090 + 40180 + E = 0
E = -(3090 + 40180) = 50-36.87 or 50 323.130
43. resultant = 690 + 9 0 = 10.816633.69
Ans. 10.82 N 56.310 E ( a)

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44. Resultant = 60040 + 800 (180-20) + 200 (360-60) =
522.67111.57 522.67 at 180 -111.57= 68.43 at 2nd quadrant (a)

PROBLEM SET 9
(VECTORS)
Given Vector A and Vector B A = 6.7i + 8.37j B = -2.53 5.55j
PAST CE BOARD
45. The magnitude of the resultant of A and B .
a. 4.5 b. 3.45
c. 5.04 d. 7.34
46. The horizontal and vertical components of the resultant vector.
a.(4.18, 2.82) b. (2.34,2.81)
c. (3.41,4.21) d. (1.23, -3.4)
47. The angle that the resultant makes with the horizontal.
a. 37 deg b. 39deg
c. 34 deg d. 15 deg

Let A = 4i + 2j 7k and B = 3i 4j + 5k .
Prob 48 - 58
48. The magnitude of the resultant of A and B is
a. 7.55 b. 9.21
c. 8.33 d. 7.67
49. 4A + 5B is
a. < 31 -12 - 3 > b. < 11 -12 3 >
c. < 11 -12 - 37> d. < 31 -13 - 3 >
50 . The magnitude of 3A 2B is
a. 12.33 b. 34.54
c. 36.78 d. 44.23
51. The dot product of A and B
a. 34 b. 45
c. -31 d. -35
52. The angle between A and B.
a. 91.2 deg b. 145.4 deg
c. 121.86 deg d. 81.23 deg
53 The unit vector of A

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 a. < 0.68 0.14 -0.84 > b. < 0.37 0.21 0.84 >
c. < 0.48 0.24 -0.84 > d. < 0.41 0.14 -0.84 >
54. The cross product A x B
a. < -18 -41 -22 > b. < -19 21 33 >
c. < -19 21 33 > d. < -19 21 33 >
55. The magnitude of the cross product of A x B
a. 43.67 b. 44.23
c. 49.89 d. 51.23
56. The angle that vector B makes with the y axis.
a. 124.40 b. 111.20
c. 101.2 0 d. 187.10
57. The angle that vector A makes with the z axis.
a. 111.20 b. 147.40
c. 133.1 0 d. 156.20
58 The direction cosine of the resultant of A and B.
a. < 0.9271 -0.265 -0.265 > b. < 0.9571 -0.262 -0.262 >
b. < -0.9971 -0.265 -0.265 > c. < 0.9671 -0.765 -0.265 >
59. Find the magnitude of the resultant F = 3i + 4j + 12k PAST CE
BOARD
a. 12 b. 13
c. 14 d. 15

60. Find the length of the vector < 2, 1, 4 > PAST EE BOARD
a. 3.45 b. 3.56
c. 4.58 d. 5.56
61. Add the vectors < -4, 7> + < 5, -9> PAST EE BOARD
a. < -1 2> b. < 1 -2>
c. < 1 -3> d. < 3 1 >
62. What is the cross product A x B of the vectors A = i + 4j + 6k
and B = 2i + 3j + 5k . PAST ME BOARD
a. 2i + 7j+ 3k b. 3i 4j + 4k
c. 4i -4j + 2k d . 2i + 7j 5k
63. What is the angle between the two vectors A and B if A = 4i + 12j
+ 6 k and B = 24i -8j + 6k ?
a. 94.560 b. 78.330
c. 84.32 0 d. 44.560

Page 156
64. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are ( 2, -1,3),
Q( 1,2,4) and R( 3,1,1)?
a. 3.45 b. 7.51
c. 4.74 d. 5.11
65. Find the volume of the parallelepiped whose edges are
represented by A = 2i 3j + 4k, B = i + 2j k and
C = 3i j + 2k?
a. 4 b. 5
c. 6 d. 7
66. Suppose F has a magnitude of 6 lb and 1/6 is the radian
measure of the angle given its direction. Find the work done by F in
moving an object along a straight line from the origin to the point (
7,1), where distance is measured in feet.
a. 45.2 ft lb b. 34.45 ft lb
c. 39.37 ft lb d. 33.34 ft lb
66. A constant force of 9 N passes trough the point ( 3, -4) and
( 10, -2). What is the work done by a force in moving the object from
the origin to ( -4, -2). Distance is measured in meters.
a. 45.56 Nm b. 71.23 Nm
c. 32.44 Nm d. 39.6 Nm
67. A force of F = 3000 lb acts from A( 4, -2, 5) to B( 3, -5, 7).
Find the components of the force.
a. < -801.78 -2405.35 1603.57 >
b. < 56.34 666.12 1012.33>
c. < 891.22 123.23 1111.22 >
d. < 33.67 890.122 1012.34>

68. What is the area of the triangle formed by the points A( 3, 2, -1)
, B( -11, 3, 6) and C( 2, -5,9)?
a. 91 b. 90
c. 89 d. 88
69. What is the angle between the vectors A = 3i 2j and B = 2i +
j?
a. 78.12 b. 60.26
c. 71.22 d. 73.22
70. Given the vectors A = -8i +4 j and B = 7i 6j

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Find the scalar projection of A into B.
a. 6.78 b.- 8.22
c. 9.33 d. -8.68
71. From problem 70, Find the vector projection of A into B
a.<-7.21 4.44> b.< 4.56 7.21>
c.< 2.24 -4.56> d. < -6.59 5.65 >
72. PAST CE BOARD The resultant of the concurrent forces has a
magnitude of 1000 kN and acts trough the origin and the points
(2,3,4). What is the z component of the resultant force?
a. 742.78 kN b. 778.23 kN
d. 811.22 kN d. 911.22 kN
SITUATION: PROBLEMS 73 74
PAST CE BOARD A concurrent force system in space is composed
of 3 forces described as follows . A = 100 kN acts through origin and
( 3,4,2). B = 60 kN and acts through the origin and ( 4, 1, -2). C =
80 kN and acts trough the origin and
( 2, -3, 3).

73. What is the resultant force.

a. 123.4 b. 159.3
c. 122.2 d.111.2
74. What is the y component of the Resultant Force.
a. 36.2 b. 22.2
c. 44.1 d. 55.2
75. What is the perpendicular distance of the line AB that passes
from A ( 3,4,5) to B ( 4, -4,7) from the point C( 6, 1, -7) ?
a. 8.3 b. 11.2
c. 9.8 d. 12.72
76. Find the value of c so that 2i + 4j + 5k and i + cj 2k are
perpendicular.
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4

77. Find the volume of the parallelepiped formed by the vectors 1i +

1j + 1k, 2i j 3k, 3j k.
a. 12 b. 14

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 c. 16 d. 18
78. The magnitude of a force is 80 kN. The coordinate of the tail is
(0,4,3) and that of the tip is ( 4.5, 0,3). What is the moment of the
force about the origin. PAST CE BOARD
a. 341.22 kN m b. 371.23 kN m
c. 338.83 Kn M d. 412.23 kN m
79. A force of 200 N acts from A( 3, -2,5) to B( 4, 6, -3). What is
the moment vector of the 200 N force about ( 9, 7, -1).
a. 211.3i 369.8j 343.38k
b. 111.3i 369.8j 343.38k
c. 911.3i 369.8j + 343.38k
d. 811.3i + 369.8j 356.38k
80. A constant force of 300 N acts from ( 3, -4,5) to ( 6, 7, -1). Find
the work done of this force in moving an object from point A( 5, 6, -1)
to
B( 6, 7, -4) in a straight line. The coordinates are in meters.
a. 811.2 Nm b. 745.1 Nm
c. 911.2 Nm d. 911.2 Nm
81. Find the direction cosine of the vector that is perpendicular to
the plane defined by
A = 3i + j k and B = 2i + 2j k. .
a. 0.31i + 0.32j 0.5k b. 0.24i + 0.24j + 0.94k
c. 0.71i - 0.24j + 0.94k d. 0.12i + 0.12 j + 0.94k
82 . A force of 300 N passes trough ( 1,2, -4) to ( 4, 8, -1). What is
the moment of the force about the x axis?
a. 1211.4 Nm b. 3112.22 Nm
c. 411.5 Nm d.1224.7 N m
83. What is the area of the parallelogram formed by the vectors 3i +
2j and 3j 4k
a. 12 b. 14
c. 16 d. 17
84. Find the distance between ( 3, 4, -6) and ( 5, -1, 4)?
a. 13.33 b. 11.36
c. 12.22 d. 14.12
85. Find the distance between ( 4, 5,6) and ( 3, 4, 1)? PAST CE
BOARD EXAM

Page 159
 a. 4.5 b. 4.7
c. 8.1 d. 5.2

86. The distance between ( 4, 6, 7) and ( -6, 9, z ) is 10.488 Find

the value of z. PAST CE BOARD
a. 6 b. 7
c. 8 d. 9
87. A force F represents a force that has a magnitude of 9 lb and
2/3 is the radian measure of its direction angle. Find the work done
by the force in moving the object from the origin to the point ( -4, -2).
Distance is in ft.
a. 2.41 b. 3.41
c. 6.71 d. 3.56
88. Two particles represented by the vectors F1 = 3i 5j + 7k and
F2 = 3i + 2j 7k act on a particle and causes it to move along the line
from the point A( 2, 4,1) to the point B(5, 3, -8). Find the work done.
F is in Newton and distance is in meters.
a. 34Nm b. 14Nm
c. 21 Nm d. 24 Nm
89. Three concurrent forces P, Q and F have a resultant of 5 N
directed forward and up to the right at x = 60 deg , y = 60 deg
and z = 450 . P = 20 lb and passes trough the origin and the point (
2, 1,4). Q = 20 lb and passes trough the origin and the point ( 5,2,3).
Determine the magnitude of the 3rd force.
a. 33.7 lb b. 43.3 lb
c. 67.2 lb d. 23.4 lb
90. A force of P is directed from point A ( 4,1,4) toward a point B( -3,
4, -1). If it causes a moment of Mz = 1900 lbft, determine the moment
of P about the X axis.
a. 1400 b. 1500
c. 1700 d. 2100

NOTE: GO TO VECTOR MODE: ENTER MODE 8

1.To store a 2 dim vector to VCT A.
ENTER SHIFT 5 1 1 2 Input the data and enter AC.
2. To store a 3 dim vector to VCT A.

Page 160
ENTER: SHIFT 5 1 1 3 Input the data and enter AC.
3. To store a 2 dim vector to VCT B.
ENTER: SHIFT 5 1 2 2 Input the data and enter AC.
4. To store a 3 dim vector to VCT B.
ENTER: SHIFT 5 1 2 1 Input the data and enter AC.
5. To get the dot product, ENTER: SHIFT 5 7
6. To get the cross poduct ENTER x ( multiplication sign )

7. To get the absolute value: ENTER: SHIFT hyp

8. To access a VECTOR say VCT A : ENTER: SHIFT 5 3
9. To access VCTans , ENTER: SHIFT 5 6
SOLUTION:
STORE VctA = < 6.71 8.37 > AND VctB = < -2.53 -5.55 >
45. Abs( VctA + VctB) = 5.04 ( c)
46. VctA + VctB = < 4.18 2.82 > (a) This is stored in VCTAns
47. VctAns Abs(VctAns) = < 0.8289 0.5592 >
cos x = 0.8289 x = 340 (c)
STORE VctA = < 4 2 -7> VctB = < 3 - 4 5 >
48. abs(VctA + VctB) = 7.55 (a)
49. 4VctA + 5VctB = < 31 -12 - 3 > (a)
50. Abs( 3VctA 2 VctB ) = 34.54 (b)
51. VctAVctB = -31 (c) (Note this is dot product)
52. A B = AB cos
cos = (A B) ( Abs(VctA)Abs(VctB) )
cos = -0.5278
= 121.860
53. VctA Abs(VctA) = < 0.4815 0.24077 -0.8427 > (c)
54. VctA x VctB = < -18 -41 -22 > This is stored in VctAns
55. Abs(VctAns) = 49.89 ( c )
56. VctB Abs(VctB) = < 0.4242 -0.5656 0.7071 >
cos y = -0.5656 y = 124.40 (a)
57. From problem 53. cos z = -0.8427 z = 147.30 (b)
58. (VctA + VctB) abs( VctA + VctB) = < 0.9271 -0.265 -0.265 >
(a)
59. Store VtcA = < 3 4 12 >
Abs(VctA) = 13 (b)

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60. Store VctA = < 2 1 4 >
Abs(VctA) = 4.58 (c)
61. Store VctA = < -4 7> and VctB = < 5 -9>
VctA + VctB = < 1 -2> (b)
62. STORE VctA = < 1 4 6 > and VctB = < 2 3 5 >
VctA x VctB = < 2 7 -5> = 2i + 7j 5k (d)
63. Store VctA = < 4 12 6 > and VctB = < 24 8 6 >
cos = ( VctA VctB) /( abs(VctA)abs(VctB) )
= 84.320
64. Store VctA = < 2 -1 3 > VctB = < 1 2 4 > and VctC = < 3 1
1>
Area = 0.5 abs( VctA xVctB + VctB x VctC + VctC x VctA)
Ans. 4.7434 (c)

65. The volume of the parallepiped is A ( B x C )

Store VctA = < 2 - 3 4 > VctB = < 1 2 -1> and VctC = < 3 -1
2>
VctA (VctB x VctC ) = - 7 Ans. (d)

66. Word by a constant force acting to the line AB is

FVector( AB)
Compute 6 (/6)r = 5.196 + 3i
(Go to MODE 2 First)
F = < 5.196 3 > AB = < 7 1 >
Store Vct A = < 5.196 3 > VctB = < 7 1 >
VctA VctB = 39.372 ft lb
Store VctA = < 10-3 -2 (-4) > = < 7 2 >
VctB -= < -4 - 2 >
Work = 9 (VctA abs(VctA) VctB = -39.56 Nm (d)
67. Store Vct A = < 4 -2 5 > VctB = < 3 -5 7 >
F = 3000 ( VctB VctA) Abs( VctB VctA)
= < -801.78 -2405.35 1603.57 > (a)
68. STORE VctA = < 3 2 -1 > VctB = < -11 3 6 > VctC = < 2 -5 9
>
Area = 1/2 Abs( VtcA x VctB + VctB x VctC + VctC x Vct A ) =88
(d)

Page 162
69. STORE VctA = < 3 - 2 > and VctB = < 2 1 >
cos = (VctA VtcB) (Abs(VctA)Abs(VctB) )
= 60.255 deg (b)
70. Store VctA = < -8 4 > and VctB = < 7 -6 >
Scalar AB = ABcos scalar projection of A on B is Acos
Acos = AB Abs(B)
( VctA Vct B) Abs(VctB) = -8.67 (d)
71. Vector projection of A to B is AB = ABcos
Scalar projection of A and B ( from prob 70 = -8.67 )
Vector projection of A on B is -8.68 ( unit vector B )
= 8.68VctB/abs(VctB)
= < -6.59 5.65 > (d)
72. STORE: VctA = < 2 3 4 >
1000VctA/abs(VctA) = < 371.39 557.086 742.781 >
z component = 742.78 kN (a)
73. STORE: VctA = < 3 4 2 > VctB = < 4 1 -2 >
VctC = < 2 -3 3 >
Resultant = 100 VctA /Abs(VctA) + 60 VctB/ Abs(VctB) + 80
VctC/ abs(VctC) = < 142.19 36.203 62.121 >
This is stored in VctAns Abs(VctANs) = 159.33 N (Resultant)
(b)
74. From 73 y component = 36.2 (a)

75. Store VctA = < 4 -3 - 4 4 7 5 > = < 1 -8 2 >

Vct B = < 3 6 4 1 5 (-7) > = < - 3 3 12 >
(Subtract Coordinates of A and C)
A x B = ABsin Asin is the perpendicular distance of A
from
vector B.
Asin = ( A x B)/abs(B)
perpendicular distance of B on A =
abs ( Vct A x Vct B) / abs( Vct A ) = 12.723

Asin

B
Page 163
76. The dot product of < 2 4 5 > and < 1 c -2 > must be zero.
< 2 4 5 > < 1 c - 2 > = 2 x 1 + 4 x c + 5 x -2 = 0 c = 2
(b)
77. Volume of the parallelepiped = A ( B x C )
Store VctA = < 1 1 1 > VctB = < 2 -1 -3 > VctC = < 0 3 -1 >
VctA (VctB x VctC ) =18
78. Store VctA = < 4.5 - 0 0 4 3 - 3 > = < 4.5 -4 0 >
Store VctB = < 0 4 3 >
Moment of the force about the origin = r x F
= Abs ( Vct B x 80 VctA/abs(VctA) ) = 338.83 kN m
79. STORE VctA = < 4 3 6 (-2) -3-5 > = <1 8 -8 >
Store VctB = < 3 -9 -2 -7 5 (-1) > = < -6 -9 6 >
Moment Vector = r x F = VctB x (200VctA/abs(VctA) )
= < 211.3 -369.8 -343.38 >
Moment vector = 211.3i 369.8j 343.38k (a)
80. Store VctA = < 6 -3 7-(-4) -1 -5 > = < 3 11 -6 >
Store VctB = < 6 -5 7 6 - 4-(-1) > = < 1 1 -3 >
Work = Force Vct B
= 300(VctA/Abs(VctA)) Vct B
= 745.1 Nm (b)
81. Unit vector (Direction Cosine) perpendicular to both A and B is
just
the unit cross product
Store VctA = < 3 1 -1> VctB = < 2 2 -1>
Direction Cosine of the vector perpendicular to A and B is
(Vct( A ) xVct B)) / abs( Vct A x Vct B ) =
< 0.235 0.2357 0.9428 >
Ans. 0.24i + 0.24j + 0.94k (b)

82. STORE VctA = < 4 -1 8 -2 -1 (-4) > = < 3 6 3 >

STORE Vct B = < 1 2 -4 >
Moment of of the force about the origin =
Vct B x ( 300 Vct A abs(VctA) ) =
= < 1224.74 -612.3 0 > Mx = 1224.74 N m (d)

Page 164
83. Area of the parallelogram with sides of Vectors A and B is Abs(Ax
B).
Store VctA = < 3 2 0 > VctB = < 0 3 - 4 >
Area = Abs( VctA x Vct B) = 17 (d)
84. Store VctA = < 3 4 -6> and VctB =< 5 -1 4>
Distance = Abs(VctA - VctB) = 11.36 (b)
85. Store: VctA = < 4 5 6 > VctB = < 3 4 1 >
distance = Abs( VctA - VctB ) = 5.196 (d)
86. USE TRIAL AND ERROR:
Store VctA = < 4 6 7> VctB = < - 6 9 z >
Abs(VctA - Vct B) = 10.488
Replace z by the given choices.
The correct choice is z = 8. ( c )
87. GO TO Mode 2: 9 (2/3 )r = -4.5 + 7.794
Then F = < -4.5 7.794 >
Store VctA = < -4.5 7.794 > VctB = < -4 -2 >
Work = VctA VctB = 2.412 lb ft (a)
88. Resultant F = < 3 -5 7 > + < 3 2 -7> = < 6 -3 0 >
Vector AB = < 5 2 3 4 -8 1 > = < 3 -1 -9 >
Store VctA = < 6 -3 0 > VctB = < 3 -1 -9 >
Work = VctA VctB = 21 Nm (c)
89. Store: VctA = < 5cos 60 5 cos 60 5 cos 45 > =< 2.5 2.5
3.5355 >
Store: VctB = < 2 1 4 > VctC = < 5 2 3 >
20 VctB/Abs(VctB) + 20 VctC/Abs(VctC) + VctD = VctA
VctD = VctA - 20 VctB/Abs(VctB) - 20 VctC/Abs(VctC)
= < -22.45 -8.353 -23.65 > This is stored in VctAns
Abs(VctAns) = 33.665 lb (a)
90. Store: VctB = < -3 4 4 -1 -1 4 > = < -7 3 -5>
Store: Vct A = < 4 1 4 >
Moment about the origin =
Vct A x P(VctB/Abs(VctB) ) = P ( VctA x VctB/Abs(VctB) )
= P< -1.866 -0.8781 2.0855 >
= < -1.866P -0.8781P 2.0855P >
Thus: Mz = 1900 = 2.0855P P = 911.05
Then: Mx = -1.866P = -1.866(911.05) = -1700 (Ans. ( c)

Page 165
 and My = -0.8781(911.05) = -800

PROBLEM SET 10
MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
91. CE BOARD MAY 1996
1 2 3 6
=[ ] = [ ]
0 5 4 1
Find the elements of the two matrices BC.
11 8 11 8
a. [ ] b. [ ]
20 5 19 5
10 9 11 9
c. [ ] d. [ ]
19 6 20 4

92. PAST EE BOARD

2 1 1 2
[ ] + 2 [ ]=
1 3 1 1
2 4 1 2
a. [ ] b. [ ]
2 2 1 1
2 1 0 5
c. [ ] d. [ ]
1 3 1 5

93. Find the element in the third row, third column of the 71 times
1 2 4
the inverse matrix of =[ 3 1 2]
4 1 5
a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 6

2 3 3 52
94. Evaluate: det([ ] [ ] )
1 5 2 1
a. 443 b. 546 c. 343 d. 0
95. Find the value of a + 3 b in the matrix
3 3 4 8 3 4
equation:[ ] [1 5 7] = [1 9 7]
3 1 2 3 1 5
Page 166
 a. -0.5 b. 1
c. 1.5 d. 2
96. What is the area of a triangle whose vertices are ( 3,4) ,
(-8,21) and ( 7, 13) ?
a. 78.5 b. 83.5
c. 91.5 d. 94.4

97. PAST CE BOARD Evaluate the determinant:

2 14 3 1
[ 1 5 1 3]
1 2 2 3
3 4 3 4
a. 489 b. 389
c. 326 d. 452
98. Evaluate the determinant : PAST ECE BOARD
1 6 0
|4 2 7|
0 5 3
a. 110 b. -101
c. 101 d. -110

1 1 2
99. Given the matrix [ ] [ ]=[ ] , solve for x and y.
3 2 0
a. -4, 6 b. -4, 2
c. -4, -2 d. -4, -6
100. Evaluate:

3 4 4 4 2 1 4 1 5
det [[6 6 1] [1 1 2 ] 3 [ 6 1 3]]
3 4 8 3 1 1 2 1 4
a. 3412 b. 2212
c. 4312 d. 2172
101. What is the cofactor of element X in the matrix is:

Page 167
 2 3 4 8

5 7 6 3
7 1 2 3

5 2 X 7
a. -401 b. -402
c. 111 d. -111

2 1 3
102 Given: A =[0 1 2] and its invers =
4 3 1
8
1
[ 8 10 4]
6
4 2
Find the value of X , Y and Z

PAST CE Board Nov 1996

a. X = -7, Y = 5, Z = - 2 b. X = 7, Y = 4 , Z = - 2

c. X = 3 , Y = 4, Z = 1 d. X = -9, Y = -5, Z = 0

103. Find the value of x: PAST CE BOARD Exam

4 1 2 3
2 0 2 1
x
10 3 0 1
14 2 4 5

a. 27 b. -28
c. 26 d. -29
104. Solve for w in the system of linear equation
x + y + z 2w = - 4
2y + z + 3w = 4

Page 168
 2x + y z 2w = 5
xy +w =4

a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
1 3 3 b 2

105. Solve for a in 3 7 9 c 5
1 a 5 3 8
a. -21 b. 32
c. 45 d. -31
106. Compute the eigenvalues of A =
4 2

3 1
a. 4, -2 b. 5, -1
c. 5, -2 d. 7, 1
1 3
107. Compute the eigenvalues of A
4 5
a. 7, -1 b. 4,3
c. -1,7 d. 4,-1

108. Compute the eigenvectors of A

4 2

3 1

a. ,
1
b.
2 2 1
,

1 3 1 3

c. , d. ,
2 1 2 1



3 1
1 4
3 4
109. Compute the eigenvectors of A .
2 6
a. < 1, 2> and < 4,1 > b. < 2, -1> and < 3, 2>
c. < 4, -1> and < -3,1> d. < 1,-4> and < 4, -2>

110. F = A3 + 2A2 + 3I where I is an identity matrix. and

Page 169
 2 3 1

A 3 4 2 ,
5 1 7
Compute determinant of F.
a. 761211 b. 770612
c. 790122 d.981122

1. To go to MATRIX MODE:
ENTER: MODE 6 AC
2. To store a matrix say 2 x 2 to Matrix A:
ENTER: SHIFT 4 1 1 5 , Input the data and ENTER: AC.
3. To store a matrix say 3 x 3 to Matrix B:
ENTER: SHIFT 4 1 2 1 , Input the data and ENTER: AC.
4. To access a matrix say MATRIX C.
ENTER: SHIFT 4 5
5. To get the determinant of say Matrix A :
ENTER: SHIFT 4 7 SHIFT 4 3
6. To get the Inverse of Matrix B:
ENTER: SHIFT 4 4 x-1
7. To get the transpose of matrix A:
ENTER: SHIFT 4 8 SHIFT 4 3
8. To multiple matrix A and matrix B
ENTER: SHIFT 4 3 SHIFT 4 4
9. To edit the contents of matrix A:
ENTER: SHIFT 4 2 1

10. To access MatAns ( this is where your latest matrix calculation

result is stored)
ENTER: SHIFT 4 6

SOLUTION:

91. STORE MatB =

2
and MatC =
1 3 6

0 5 4 1

Page 170
 ENTER: MatB MatC Ans. (a)

92. Store: MatA =

1
MatB =
2 1 2

1 3
1 1

ENTER: MatA + 2MatB Ans. (d)

1 2 4

93. Store MatA = 3 1 2 ENTER: 71MatA-1
4 1 5

3 14 8

Ans. 23 11 14 Ans. 5 ( c)
7 9 5

94. ENTER:
Store MatA =
2 3
MatB =
3 5


1 5
2 1
det(Trn( MatA) MatB2 ) Ans. 343 ( c )
3 3 4 8 3 4
95. STORE MatA = 1 5 7 MatB = 1 9 7

3 1 2 3 1 5

a b c a b c

Then: then d e f MatA MatB d e f MatBMatA1
g h i g h i
5/2 1 1/ 2

ENTER: MatB MatA -1 Ans. 38 / 5 7 / 5 34 / 5
21/ 5 9 / 5 23 / 5
Thus: a = 5/2 and b = -1 a + 3b = 5/2 + 3(-1) = -0.5 (a)

Page 171
 x1 y 1 1

96. The Area of a triangle is A = 1/2 det x 2 y 2 1
x 3 y 3 1
3 4 1

STORE: MatA = 8 21 1 ENTER: 0.5 det MatA Ans. -83.5
7 13 1
(disregard sign) (b)

97. CASIO has no direct method to do this. We will apply the pivotal
element method where the pivot is the element in the 1st row and 1st
column, in this case is 2.
Factor 2 in the determinant. You have to make the pivot
(1st row 1st column as 1 )
2 14 3 1 1 7 3 / 2 1 / 2

1 5 1 3 2 1 5 1 3
1 2 2 3 1 2 2 3

3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4
Note: Factor only the 1st row.
Go to MODE 1 :
Compute A BC base on the table below
A B C Result:
5 1 7 -2
-1 1 3/2 -5/2
3 1 1/2 5/2
-2 1 7 -9
2 1 3/2 1/2
-3 1 1/2 -7/2
-4 3 7 -25
-3 3 3/2 -15/2
-4 3 1/2 -11/2

Page 172
 2 5/2 5/2

STORE MatA = 9 1/ 2 7 / 2 and ENTER: 2 det
25 15 / 2 11/ 2
(MatA)
Ans. 326

1 6 0

98. Store: MatA = 4 2 7
0 5 3
ENTER: det(MatA) = -101 (b)
99. Multiply the matrix:
1x 1y 2
then x + y = 2 and 3x + 2y = 0
3 x 2y 0
ENTER: MODE 5 1 Ans. X = -4 and Y = 6 (a)
3 4 4 4 2 1

100. Store: MatA = 6 6 1 MatB = 1 1 2
3 4 8 3 1 1

4 1 5

MatC = 6 1 3
2 1 4
ENTER: det( MatA Trn(MatB) 3 MatC ) = 2172 (d)

101. The cofactor of a matrix is (-1)i+j Minor of aij where i is the row
and j is the column where the element aij is found in the matrix.
2 3 8
The cofactor of element X is (-1)4 + 3 5 7 3
7 1 3
Note: To get the minor of X, delete 4th row and 3rd column.

Page 173
 2 3 8

Store MatA = 5 7 3
7 1 3
3+4
ENTER: (-1) det(MatA) = -402 ( c)

X 8 Y
1
102. Since B = A-1 then A 1 8 10 4 or
6
4 Z 2
X 8 Y 2 1 3

8 10 4 6 A 1 STORE: MatA = 0 1 2
4 Z 2 4 3 1

7 8 5

ENTER: 6MatA-1 Ans. 8 10 4
4 2 2

X 8Y 7 8 5

Thus: 8 10 4 8 10 4
4 Z 2 4 2 2

X = -7, Y = 5, Z = - 2 (a)

1 1/ 4 2 / 4 3 / 4
2 0 2 1
103. Factor 4: 4
10 3 0 1
14 2 4 5

104. Using Cramers Rule

Page 174
 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 4
0 2 1 3 0 2 1 4
D= and D(w) =
2 1 1 2 2 1 1 5
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 4

w = D(w)/D
Use Pivotal element method for D
Use A BC (Use 1st row, 1st column as pivot)
A B C A BC
2 0 1 2
1 0 1 1
3 0 -2 3
1 2 1 -1
-1 2 1 -3
-2 2 -2 2
-1 1 1 -2
0 1 1 -1
1 1 -2 3

2 1 3

Store: MatA = 1 3 2 ENTER: det(MatA) Ans. 30.
2 1 3

Use Pivotal element for D(w)

USE A BC
A B C A-BC (Use 1st row, 1st column as pivot)
2 0 1 2
1 0 1 1
4 0 -4 4
1 2 1 -1
-1 2 1 -3
5 2 -4 13
-1 1 1 -2
0 1 1 -1

Page 175
4 1 -4 8

2 1 4

Store: MatB = 1 3 13 ENTER: det(MatB) = -60
2 1 8
w = D(w)/D = -60/-30 = 2 Ans. 2 (b)
105. The equation can be written as:
1b + 3c + 3(3) = 2 1b + 3c = - 7
3b + 7c + 9(3) = 5 +3b + 7c = -22
-1(b) + ac + 5(3) = 8 -b + ac = - 7
Solve the 1st 2 equations using MODE 5 1
b = -17/2 c = 1/2 then substitute in the 3rd equation: -(-17/2)
+
a(1/2) = -7 a = -31 (d)
4 2
106. 0
3 1
( 4 -)( -1-) -6 = 0 2 3x -10 = 0 = 5, -2
Alternative solution to get the Eigenvalues of 2 x 2 matrix A
Let t = eigenvalue.
The required equation for t is t2 - trace(A)t + det(A=0)
trace of A is the sum of the diagonals = 4 + -1 = 3
det(
4 2
) = -10
3 1
Then: t2 3t 10 = 0 , (t = 5, -2 )
107. Use short cut similar to problem 106.
t2 trace(A)t + det(matA) = 0
trace(A) = 1 + 5 = 6

STORE MatA =
1 3

4 5
det(MatA) = -7
then t2 6t 7 = 0 USE MODE 5 3 t = 7 , -1
108. Use t2 trace(A)t + det(A) = 0

Page 176
trace(matA) = 4 -1 = 3
det(matA) = -10
Thus: t2 3t-10 = 0 USE MODE 5 3, t = 5, -2
To get the eigenvector corresponding to t = 5.
4 5 2 a 0
-a + 2b = 0, 3a 6b = 0
3 1 5 b 0
Assume b = 1 , then a = 2
Eigenvector corresponding to t = 5 is
2
1
To get the eigenvector corresponding to t = -2
4 ( 2) 2 a 0
6a + 2b = 0 , 3a + b = 0
3 1 ( 2) b 0
Assume b = 1 , then a = -1/3
Eigenvector corresponding to t = -2 is
1/ 3 1
or (just
1 3
multiply by 3 to become integers) Ans. (a)

109. Use t2 trace(A)t + det(A) = 0

trace(A) = 3 6 = - 3
det(A) = -10
t2 (-3) t 10 = 0 , USE MODE 5 3 , t = -5, 2
for t = -5 , subtract the principal diagonal of A by -5.
3 5 4 8 4
= this will correspond to
2 6 5 2 1
8a 4b = 0, 2a b = 0
Let a = 1, b = 2 Eigenvector = < 1, 2 >
for t = 2 , subtract the principal diagonal of A by 2
3 2 4 1 4
= this will correspond
2 6 2 2 8
to a 4b = 0, 2a 8b = 1
Let a =1 , b = 4 Eigenvector = < 4, 1 >

Page 177
 2 3 1 1 0 0

110. Store MatA = 3 4 2 and MatB = 0 1 0
5 1 7 0 0 1
2 3
ENTER: det( MatA + 2MatA + 3 MatB )
Ans. 770612 (b)

PROBLEM SET 11
PLANE GEOMETRY

1. The sum of the interior angles of a polygon is 2,520. Find the

number of sides.
a. 12 b. 14
c. 16 d. 18
2. How many sides are in an equiangular polygon if each of its
interior angle is 1650?
a. 20 b. 22
c. 24 d. 26
3. The sides of a triangle are 8 cm, 10 cm and 14 cm. Determine the
radius of the inscribed circle.
a. 2.45 cm b. 2.56
c. 4.33 d. 1.45
4. The area of a circle circumscribing about an equilateral triangle is
254.47 sq m. What is the area of the triangle?
a. 121.33cm 2 b. 105.22 cm2
c. 122.34 cm 2 d. 141.32 cm 2
5. The area of the regular hexagon inscribed in a circle of radius 1 m
is?
a. 2.6 m2 b. 2.5 m2
c. 2.4 m2 d. 2.8 m2
6. The area of the regular octagon inscribed in a circle of radius of
radius 10 cm.
a. 433.65 b. 282.85
c. 334.21 d. 431.22

Page 178
7. The distance between the centers of the 3 circles which are
mutually tangent to each other externally are 10, 12 and 14 units. The
area of the largest circle is
a. 100 b. 64
c. 36 d. 144
8. The area of the triangle inscribed in a circle is 39.19 cm 2 and the
radius of the circumscribed circle is 7.14 cm. If the two sides of the
inscribed triangle are 8 cm and 10 cm respectively, find the 3 rd side.
a. 14 cm b. 11cm
c. 12 cm d. 15 cm
9 A rhombus has diagonals of 32 and 20 inches. What is the area?
a. 400 b. 240
c. 330 d. 320
10. Find the difference of the area of the square inscribed in a
semicircle having a radius of 15 m. The base of the square lies on the
diameter of the semicircle.
a. 173.43 m2 b. 122.34 m2
c. 154.23 m 2 d. 181.22 m2
11. The area of the circle is 89.42 sq in. What is the length of the
side of a regular hexagon inscribed in a circle?
a. 4.22 b. 6.12
c. 5.89 d. 5.33
12. One side of a regular octagon is 2. Find the area of the octagon.
a. 19.31 sq u b. 13.24 sq u
c. 11.22 sq u d. 14.33 sq u
13. The sum of the interior angles of a regular polygon is 1080 0.
How many sides are there?
a. 6 b. 7
c. 8 d 10
14. In a circle of diameter 10 m, a regular 5 pointed star touching
its circumference is inscribed. What is the area of that part not
covered by the star?
a. 59.2 b. 50.5
c. 49.2 d. 44.5
15. The angle of a sector is 300 and the radius is 15 cm. What is the
area of the sector in cm 2

Page 179
 a. 58.9 cm2 b. 22.34 cm2
c. 34.56 cm2 d. 56.21 cm2
16. The area of a triangle is 65 sq cm and its perimeter is 48 cm.
Find the radius of the inscribed circle.
a. 3.41cm b. 3.33 cm
c. 5.55 cm d. 2.71 cm
17.A trapezoid has area of 36 m 2 and an altitude of 2 m. Its two
bases have ratio of 4: 5. What are the lengths of the bases. ECE
BOARD
a. (16,20) b. ( 8, 10)
c. ( 12, 15) d. ( 14, 10)

18. PAST CE BOARD

Find the area of the quadrilateral having sides AB = 10 cm, BC = 5
cm, CD = 14.14 cm and DA = 15 cm, if the sum of the opposite angles
is 2250.
a. 100 cm2 b. 120 cm2
c. 130 cm 2 d. 140 cm2
19. A circle of radius 8 cm in inscribed in a sector having a central
angle of 800. What is the area of the sector? PAST CE BOARD.
a. 234.11 cm2 b. 291.84 cm2
c. 411.22 cm 2 d. 345.33 cm2
20. Given a triangle ABC with sides AB = 30 cm, BC = 36 cm and AC
= 48 cm. Find the distance of the point of intersection of perpendicular
bisectors to side BC. PAST CE BOARDD.
a. 12.34 cm b. 15.92 cm
c. 11.22cm d. 14.33 cm
21. How many diagonals have an undecagon? PAST CE BOARD
a. 22 b. 33
c. 44 d. 55
22. The number of diagonals of a polygon is 275. How many sides
are there? CE Board Nov 2009
a. 23 b. 24
c. 25 d. 26

Page 180
23. A circle is circumscribed about a hexagon. Determine the area
of the hexagon if the area outside the hexagon but inside the circle is
15 sq cm. PAST CE BOARD
a. 71.7 cm2 b. 89.1 cm2
c. 91.2 cm 2 d. 81.2 cm2
24. Determine the area of a regular hexagon inscribed in a circle
having an area of 170 sq cm. PAST CE BOARD
a. 122.22 cm2 b. 147.55 cm2
c. 134.33 cm 2 d. 171.12 cm2
25. Find the area of the spherical triangle ABC having the following
parts.
Angle A = 1400 Angle B = 750 Angle C = 860 Radius of the
sphere = 4 m.

a. 33.89 m2 b. 45.21 m2
c. 67.12 m2 d. 87.12 m2

SITUATION Problems 26, 27

One of the diagonals of the Rhombus is 12 inches. If the area of the
Rhombus is 132 sq in, determine the following. (PAST CE BOARD)

26. The length of the other diagonal.

a. 24 cm b. 23 cm
c. 22 cm d. 21 cm
27. The measure of the acute angle between the sides of the
Rhombus in degrees.
a. 28.610 b. 23.450
c. 33.23 0 d. 18.610
28. Two sides of parallelogram measure 68 cm and 83 cm and its
shorter diagonal is 42 cm. Find the largest interior angle of the
parallelogram. PAST CE BOARD
a. 167.20 b. 111.20
c. 149.70 d. 131.10

Page 181
29. The perimeter of a triangle is 102 cm. If two sides are 24 cm
and 32 cm, what is the area of the triangle? PAST CE BOARD
a. 341.22 cm2 b. 361.68 cm2
c. 351.21 cm 2 d. 333.12 cm2
30. The perimeter of a triangle ABC is 400 cm . If angle A is 300 and
angle B is 580, find the measure of side AC. PAST CE BOARD
a. 170.31 cm b. 191.22 cm
c. 122.34 cm d. 150.44 cm
30. A regular hexagon is inscribed in a circle having an area of 158
sq cm. Find the area in the circle not covered by the hexagon. PAST
CE BOARD
a. 27.34 cm2 b. 33.44 cm2
c. 51.12 cm 2 d. 18.56 cm2
31. A circle giving an area of 1018 cm 2 is cut into 2 segments by a
chord 8 cm from the center. What is the ratio of the area of the smaller
segment to the larger segment. ?PAST CE BOARD
a. 0.345 b. 0.293
c. 0.441 d. 0.467
32. The perimeter of a triangle is 271 cm. The interior angles are
500, 600 and 700, respectively. What is the length of the shortest
side? PAST CE BOARD
a. 80.71 cm b. 90.22 cm
c. 78.31 cm d. 70.21 cm

33. A polygon has 24 sides. How many are its diagonals? CE Board
May 2008
a. 242 b. 252
c. 262 d. 272
34. Two sides of triangle are measuring 20 cm and 28 cm. If the
area of the triangle is 227.125 cm 2, how long is the 3rd side? CE
BOARD MAY 2008
a. 22 b. 23
c. 24 d. 25
35. How many sides has a polygon is the sum of its exterior angles
equals the sum of its interior angles?

Page 182
 a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 6
36. Find the area of a regular octagon inscribed in a circle of radius
10 cm?
a. 283 b.289
c. 290 d. 291
37. A regular pentagon has sides of 20 cm. An inner pentagon with
sides of 10 cm is inside and concentric to the larger pentagon. What is
the area inside the larger pentagon and outside the smaller pentagon.
PAST EE BOARD
a. 516.14 cm 2 b. 611.22 cm2
c. 711.33 cm 2 d. 762.23 cm2
38. The area of a circle circumscribing an equilateral triangle is
254.47 sq m. What is the area of the triangle?
a. 105.22 m2 b. 111.22 m2
c. 123.23 m 2 d. 144.34 m2
39. Find the sum of the interior angles of the vertices of a five
pointed star inscribed in a cirlcle.
a. 1300 b. 1800
c. 150 0 d. 1200
40. From a point outside an equilateral triangle, the distances to the
vertices are 10 m, 18 m and 10 m, respectively. What is the length of
one side of the triangle?
a. 19.95 m b. 21.22 m
c. 18.21 m d. 23.21 m
41. Each angle of a regular dodecagon is
a. 1200 b. 1500
c. 1300 d. 1400

42. A rectangle ABCD which measures 18 cm by 24 cm is folded

once, perpendicular to AC, so that the opposite vertices of A and C
coincide. Find the length of the fold.
a. 22.5 cm b. 24 cm
c. 24.5 cm d. 25.5 cm
43. CE BOARD May 2009

Page 183
Find the area of the largest circle that can be inscribed in a hexagon
of side h
a. 2.356h2 b. 2.441h2
c. 3.1416h 2 d. 1.786h2
44. Find the area of the largest equilateral triangle that can be
inscribed in a hexagon of side h .
a. 0.9343 h2 b. 0.9843 h2
c. 0.9243 h 2 d. 1.299 h2
45. Find the area of the largest hexagon that could be inscribed in a
hexagon of side h
a. 1.948h2 b. 1.748h2
c. 1.148h2 d. 1.348h2
46. Find the area of the hexagon ABCDEF whose vertices are the
midpoints of the respective sides of the cube whose edge is 4 meters.
a. 19.314 b. 21.314 c. 33.423 d. 51.331

The parallel sides of a trapezoidal lot measure 160 m and 240 m are
are 40 m apart.
47. Find the distance of the dividing line from the 160 m line parallel
to the 2 sides that will divide the trapezoid into 2 equal parts.
a. 23.45 b. 25.33
c. 21.98 d. 22.34
48. Find the length of this dividing line.
a. 203.96 b. 241.33
c. 221.56 d. 222.22

SOLUTION.

Page 184
1. (n-2)180 = 2520 n = 16 ( c )
2. Let x = number of sides.
(n-2)180 = 165x n = 24 Ans. c

3. A X ( X A)( X B)( X C )
WHERE x = ( A + B + C ) / 2 = ( 8 + 10 + 14)/2 = 16
A = 166 and Perimeter = 32
r = 2P/A = 2(166 )/ 32 = 2.45 (a)
4. r2 = 254.47 r = 9 (radius of the circumscribing triangle)
r = abc/(4A) 9 = (s x s x s ) /( 4s23 /4) = s/3
s = 93
and Area = s23 / 4
Area = ( 93 )2( 3 )/ 4 = 105.22 cm 2 Ans. b
5.
60
60 1m

A = 6( s2 3 / 4) = 6( 12 ) ( 3 / 4) = 2.6 m2
Ans. a

6. Divide 360 by 8 = 45 deg = interior angle.

s/ sin 45 = 10 / sin 67.5 s = 7.654 cm

Area of one triangle = 1/2 x base x height
= 0.5 x 7.654 x 10 cos 22.5 = 35.3569

Page 185
Area of the octagon = 8 x 35.3569 = 282.85 cm 2

7.
X Z
X
Z

Y Y

x + y = 10 x + z = 12 and y + z = 14
Arrange: x + y + 0z = 10
x + 0y + 1z = 12
0x + 1y + 1z = 14 x = 4, y = 6, z = 8
Largest Circle = (8)2 = 64 (b)
8. r = abc/(4A) 7.14 = 8(10)(c)/ 4(39.19)
c = 14 cm (a)
9. A= 1/2d1d2 = 1/2(32)(20) = 320 in2 (d)
10.
.

x2 + (x/2)2 = 152 x = 13.416 m

Difference in Area = (15)2/2 - 13.4162 = 173.43 m2 (a)
11. 60
60 r

A=89.42 = r2;r = 5.335 in ;since triangle is equilateral, side=5 .335

cm

12. Interior angle = 360/8 = 450

Page 186
x/sin 67.5 = 2/sin 45 x = 2.613
A = 8 ( 1/2 base x height ) = 8( 1/2 x 2 x 2.613 sin 67.5 ) =19.31 sq u
Ans. 19.313 sq u (a)

13. (n-2)180 = 1080 n = 8 (c)

14.

36
36

5m 126

x
18

x/sin 180 = 5/sin 1260 x = 1. 91 m

Altitude of the triangle = x sin 300 = 1.91sin 360 = 1.122 m
Area of the star = 10 ( 1/2 ( 5 x 1.122 m ) ) = 28.05 m 2
Area not covered by the star
= (5)2 28.05 = 50.5 m 2 (b)
15. A = 1/2r2 = 1/2(15)2(300) (Go to radian mode: ENTER THE 0
using SHIFT ANS 1) Ans. 58.9 cm 2
16. r = 2A/P = 2(65)/48 = 2.7083 (d)
17. A = 1/2( B1 + B2)h Let B1 = 4x B2 = 5x
36 = 1/2( 4X + 5X)(2) X = 4 , B1 = 4(4) =16 and B2 = 5(4) = 20
(a)
18. s = (A + B + C + D)/2 A =
(S A)(S B)(S C )(S D) ABCD cos2
s = ( 10 + 5 + 14.14 + 15) /2 = 22.07
Sum of opposite angles 2 = 225/2 = 112.5
A = 100 cm2
CAL TECHNIQUE:
Page 187
Input: AB C D
X : ( X A)( X B )( X C )( X D ) ABCD cos2 (Y / 2)
2
A? 10 B? 5 C? 14.14 D? 15 Y? 225
Answer: 99.9915
19.
8m

8m 8m

40

Radius of the sector = 8 + 8/sin400 = 20.4458m

Area = 1/2(20.4458)2 (800) ( Radian Mode: To type 800 ENTER: 80

SHIFT Ans 1 )
Ans. 291.84 cm 2
20. The point of intersection of the perpendicular bisectors is the
radius of the circumscribed circle.

Use:
X = ( A + B + C)/2 : D = X ( X A)( X B)( X C ) : (ABC)/(4D)
Note: D is the Area and the ( ABC)/4D is the radius of the
circumscribed circle.
A? 30 B? 36 C ? 48
Ans. D = 539.332 and R = 24.03
x2 + 182 = R2 = 24.032 x = 15.92 cm (b)
21. 11 sides. Number of diagonals =
n(n-3)/2 = 11( 11-3)/2 = 44 (c)

Page 188
22. n( n-3)/2 = 275 n = 25 ( c )

R 60
For 23-24

23.R2 6( R2 3 /4 ) = 15 R = 5.253 cm
Area of hexagon = 6 ( R2 3 /4 ) = 71.7 cm 2 (a)
24. R2 = 170 R = 7.356 cm
A = 6 R23 /4
6( 7.3562) 3 / 4 = 147.55 cm 2 (b)
25. E = A + B + C 180 = 140 + 75 + 86 180 = 121 0
Area = R2E /180 = (4)2( 121)/180 = 33.89 m 2 (a)

26 27
26. Area of Rhombus = 1/2 d1 d2
132 = 1/2 ( 12) d2 d2 = 22 cm ( c )

X2 = 112 + 62 X = 12.53
27. tan = 6/11 = 28.610
28.

422 = 682 + 832 2(68)(83)cos

Page 189
 = 30.270 , the other angle is 180 30.270 = 149.730 ( c)
29. The other side = 102 24 32 = 46 cm
A B C
Use X : X ( X A)( X B )( X C ) CALC
2
A ?24 B ?32 C? 46
Ans. 361.68 cm2 (b)

30. B

A 30 58 C

Assume AC =1 ,
Use Sin Law Technique
MODE 5 1
cos 30 cos 58 1
sin 30 - sin 58 0
AB = 0.84857 BC = 0.5
Then: 0.84857X + 0.5X + 1X = 400
X = 170.31 cm

31.
8cm
R

R2 = 1018 R = 18 cm , cos /2 = 8/18

= 127.220
Area of the small segment 1/2R2 ( sin )
1/2(18)2 ( 127.220 sin 127.220) = 230.7
( Note: Go to Radian Mode, and input the 127.220 as
73.74 SHIFT Ans 1 )
Area of the big segment = (18)2 230.7 = 787.176

Page 190
Ratio = 230.7 / 787.176 = 0.293 \
32. C

70

50 60
A B
1m

Assume AB = 1 m then
USE SIN LAW TECHNIQUE:
MODE 5 1
cos 50 cos 60 1
sin 50 - sin 60 1
AC = 0.9216 BC = 0.815
The 1 X + 0.9216X + 0.815X = 271
X = 99.028
Shortest Distance = 0.815X = 0.815(99.028) = 80.71 m
33. n(n-3)/2 = 24(24-3)/2 = 252
34. The easiest way to do this is trial and error.
USE X A B C : X ( X A)( X B )( X C )
2
Input A = 20 B = 28 C = 22 (1st Choice) Area = 218.57
A = 20 B = 28 C = 23 ( 2nd choice) Area = 227.125
Ans. 23

35. Sum of interior angles of a polygon = (n-2)180 0

Sum of its exterior angles = 360 0
(n-2)1800 = 360 n= 4
36.
67.5

10 cm
45

S
Page 191
Interior angle = 360/8 = 450
Using sine Law: S/sin 450 = 10/sin 67.50 S = 7.6537 cm
Area of one triangle =
1/2 ( 7.6537) (10 cos 22.50) = 35.355 cm2
Area of octagon = 8(35.355) = 282.85 cm 2 (a)
37. 10cm

20cm
h

72

tan 360 = 10/h h = 13.7638 cm

for the small triangle: tan 360 = 5/h , h = 6.882 cm
Area of big pentagon =
5( 1/2)(20)(13.7638) = 688.19 cm 2
Area of small pentagon =
5( 1/2)(10)(6.882) = 172.05 cm 2
Difference = 688.19 172.05 = 516.14 cm 2 (a)
38. R2 = 254.47; R = 9 cm
60
X

60

Rcircumscibed = X ( X )( X ) = 0.57735 X
4( X 2 3 / 4)
0.57735X = 9 X = 15.59 cm
Area of triangle = X2 3 / 4 = 15.592 3 / 4 = 105.22 m2 Ans. (a)

39.
36

72

Page 192
 Interior angle (center) = 360/5 = 720
Sum of interior angles of the vertices = 36(5) = 180 0 (b)
40.
x
30
18
60

10 10

102 = X2 + 182 2(X)(18)cos300 X = 19.95 m

Or We can use trial and error.
| x 30 - 18| = 10
Use Choice of x = 19.95 ( Ans. )

41. (n-2)180 n = (12-2)(180)/12 = 1500

42.

Y2 = 182 + 242 Y = 30 cm [ Pol ( 18, 24 ) r = 30 = Y ]

182 + (24-X)2 = X2 X = 18.75 cm
(Y/2)2 + f2 = X2
(30/2)2 + f2 = 18.752 f = 11.25
Length of the fold = 2f = 2(11.25) = 22.5 cm

h
60
Page 193
h h
43.

The radius of the circle is the altitude of the triangle shown.

r = h sin 600 = 0.866h
A = r2 = (0.866h)2 =2.356h2

44. h

120 x

h
MODE 2:
X = | 1120 1 |h = 1.732h
Area of the inscribed equilateral triangle
= X23 / 4 = (1.732h)23 /4 = 1.3h2
h
60

h h

The height of one triangle is the radius of the inscribed circle.

height = hcos 300 = 0.866h
Area of the circle = (0.866h)2 = 2.356h2

45.
h/2

60 h/2 sin 60

Page 194
h/2 cos 60
 length of the inscribed hexagon = 0.433h(2)=0.866h
Area of the inscribed hexagon
=6( s2 3 / 4 ) = 6 3 / 4 ( 0.866h)2 = 1.948h2

h (2 2 )2 22 = 2 Area = 1/2(4 x 2 ) (2) + 22 (4) = 19.314

47-48
Model the trapezoid.

y is a linear function of x
MODE 3 2
x y
0 160
40 240
y= 160 + 2x
0 = -80
(This is the distance below the 160 m side where the width = 0)

Page 195
 MODE 3 3
Area is a parabolic function of the depth
x y
0 0
40 (240 + 160)/2 x 40 = 8000
-80 -.5(160x80) = -6400
= 21.98 ( distance of the dividing line from 160 m
40001
side.)
y = 160 + 2( 21.98) = 203.96 ( length of the dividing line ).

PROBLEM SET 12
SOLID MENSURATION
1. If the edge of the cube is increased by 30%, by how much is the
surface area increased? PAST CE BOARD
a. 60% b. 69%
c. 71% d. 30%
2. The volume of water in a spherical tank having a diameter of 4 m
is 5.236 m2 . What is the depth of water in the tank?
a. 1 b. 1.2
c. 1.3 d. 1.4
3. A circular cone having an altitude of 9 meter is divided into 2
segments having the same vertex. If the smaller altitude is 6 m, find
the ratio of the volume of the small cone to the big cone.
a. 0.296 b. 0.331
c. 0.225 d. 0.411
4. The frustum of a regular pyramid has un upper base of 8 x 80 m
and a lower base of 10 x 100 with an altitude of 5 m. Find the volume
of the pyramid.
a. 7812.33 m3 b. 4066.67 m3
c. 5133.33 m 3 d. 7100.67 m3
5. Find the volume of the cone to be constructed from a sector having
a diameter of 72 cm and a central angle of 2100.
a. 13503.66 b. 23503.22
c. 12112.44 d. 13503.44

Page 196
6. The bases of a right prism is a hexagon with one of each side
equal to 6 cm. The bases are 12 cm apart. What is the volume of the
right prism?
a. 1122.37 b. 1223.23
c. 1411.22 d. 1311.22
7. A trough having an equilateral triangle end sections has sides
equal to 0.3 m and 6 meter long. Find the volume of water in the tank
if the depth is one half the depth of the trough.
a. 0.0584 b. 0.0441
c. 0.3422 d. 0.4111
8. The bases of a right prism is a a regular hexagon with side 6 cm. If
the volume of the right prism is 500 m 3, find the distance between the
bases,
a. 5.39 m b. 5.35 m
c. 5.11 m d. 5.01 m

9. A solid cone has a height of 8 cm. It has a volume 4 times the

smaller cone that could be cut from the same cone of the same axes.
Find the height of the smaller cone.
a. 4.01 m b. 4.21 m
c. 5.04 m d. 5.12 m
10. A right circular cone has an altitude of 2e and a diameter of e.
Compute the volume of the right circular cone.
a. e3/6 b. e3/12
c. e3/8 d. e3/3
11. A mixture compound from equal parts of two liquid, one white and
the other black was placed in a hemispherical bowl. The total depth of
two liquids is 3 cm. After standing for a short time the mixture
separated, the white liquid settling below the black. If the thickness of
the segment of the black liquid is 1 cm, find the radius of the bowl.
a. 4. 11 m b. 3.67 m
c. 3.33 m d. 3.33 m
12. A carpenter chisels hole of side 2 in trough a round post of
radius 2 in, the axis of the hole intersecting that of the post at right
angles. Find the volume of the wood cut out.
a. 331.2 cm 3 b. 250.8 cm3

Page 197
 c. 311.22 cm 3 d. 213.22 cm3
13. The volume of the frustum of a triangular pyramid is 135 cu. m.
The lower base is an equilateral triangle with an edge of 9 m. The
upper base is 8 m above the lower base. What is the upper base edge
in meters?
a. 1.911 m b. 2.311 m
c. 2.995 m d. 2.811 m
14. The base of a cylinder is a hexagon inscribed in a circle. If the
difference in the circumference of the circle and the perimeter of a
hexagon is 4 cm, find the volume of the cylinder if it has an altitude of
20 cm.
a. 10367.175 m3 b. 10397.175 m3
c. 10387.175 m 3 d. 12367.175 m3
15. The axis of the cone makes an angle of 30 0 with the horizontal. If
the length of the axis is 30 cm and its base radius is 20 cm, compute
the volume of the curve.
a. 10982.8 cm 3 b. 10882.8 cm 3
c. 11882.8 cm 3 d. 10982.8 cm 3

16. The surface area of an open cylindrical tank is 68 m 2. If the

diameter is 2/3 of its height, what is the height of the tank?
a. 5.275 m b. 5.475
c. 5.285 d. 5.175
17. A truncated prism with a horizontal square base have vertical
edges of 7 cm, 7 cm , 10 cm and 10 cm respectively. If the volume of
the prism is 4000 cu. cm, find the area of the base.
a. 413.588 cm2 b. 479.588 cm2
c. 460.588 cm 2 d. 470.588 cm2
18. Compute the volume of a tetrahedron of side equal to 3 cm.
a. 3.34 cm3 b. 3.18 cm3
c. 4.21 cm 3 d. 5.11 cm3
19. A through having an equilateral triangle and sections has sides
equal to 0.4 m. If the through is full of water and is 8 m long,
compute the volume of water in the through.

Page 198
 a. 0.333 m3 b. 0.554 m3
c. 0.334 m3 d. 0.814 m3
20. A deep closed conical tank has a radius of 1.2 m at the top and a
height of 4.8 m. It contains oil to a depth of 2.4 m. If the tank is the
inverted position, determine the depth of oil at this position.
a. 0.21 m b. 0.31 m
c. 0.28 m d. 0.18 m
21. The volume of a tetrahedron is 12.3 m 3 . Find the surface area.
a. 38.39 m3 b. 32.12 m3
c. 41.12 m 3 d. 33.12 m3
22. The lateral edge of a frustum of a regular pyramid is 1.8 m long.
The lower base is 2.4 by 2.4 m while the upper base is 1 m by 1 m
square. What is the volume of the frustum?
a. 4.9 m3 b. 4.6 m3
c. 4.1 m3 d. 4.7 m3
23. A right circular cone having a diameter of 1 m has a height of 60
cm. It is filled with salt to a height of 36 cm. Compute the volume of
the salt.
a. 0.034 m3 b. 0.012 m3
c. 0.144 m 3 d. 0.061 m3
24. The ratio of the volume to the lateral area of a right circular cone
is 2:1. If the altitude is 15 cm, what is the ratio of the slant height to
the radius?
a. 1.2 b. 1.5
c. 2.1 d. 2.4

Problems 25, 26, 27

Two identical closed conical tank contains equal amount of liquid. The
first tank has a horizontal base at the bottom while that of the second
tank is at the top. The liquid in the first tank stands 3 m deep. PAST
CE
BOARD
25. What is the volume of the liquid in the 2nd tank?
a. 21.99 m3 b. 22.12 m3
c. 23.45 m3 d. 18.99 m3

Page 199
26. How deep is the liquid in the 2 nd tank if its altitude is 6 m and the
base radius is 2 m?
a. 6.11 m b. 5.74 m
c. 6.11 m d. 6.21 m
27. If the unit weight of the liquid is 9100 N/m 3, what is the weight of
the liquid inside the tank in quintals?
a. 204 b. 202
c. 201 d. 205
Problems 28, 29, 30
The maximum area of the parabola inscribed in a right circular cone
having a diameter of 24 cm is 207.8 cm2. (PAST CE BOARD)
28. Compute the base of the parabola inscribed in the right circular
cone.
a. 20.784 cm b. 21.221 cm
c. 24.221 cm d. 23.112 cm
29. Compute the height of the parabola of maximum area.
a. 15 cm b. 16 cm
c. 17 cm d. 18 cm
30. Compute the volume of the right circular cone.
a. 2412.74 cm 3 b. 2312.74 cm3
c. 3412.74 cm 3 d. 2612.74 cm 3
31. A solid material in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped 4 in by
6 in by 8 in is painted blue. How many cubes will have 3 blue faces is
the block is to cut to form cubes 1 in by 1 in by 1 in. CE Nov 2005
a. 4 b. 6
c. 8 d. 10
32. The volume of a solid truncated prism is 8200 cm 3. The base is
rectangular with its length twice its width. The edges perpendicular to
the base are 16 cm, 12 cm and 16 cm. Determine the width of the
base in cm.
a. 18.11 cm b. 17.11 cm
c. 19.11 cm d. 21.11 cm

33. The corners of a cubical box touch the spherical shell that
encloses it. If the volume of the box is 27000 cm 3, what is the volume
of the space outside the box but inside the sphere?

Page 200
 a. 46460.9 cm 3 b. 49460.9 cm3
c. 47460.9 cm3 d. 66460.9 cm3
34. A spherical sector has a central angle of 60 0 and the radius of
the sphere is 15 cm. Find the volume of the spherical sector. CE
Board Nov 2007
a. 947.19 m3 b. 747.19 m3
c. 847.19 m 3 d. 647.19 m3
35. A buoy is in the shape of a cone of height 2 cm and base
diameter of 120 cm. If the depth submerged is 1.5 m, find the volume
of the submerged portion. CE Board Nov 2007
a. 0.234 cm3 b. 0.318 cm3
c. 0.411 cm3 d. 0.221 cm3
36. How far from the vertex is the center of gravity of a tetrahedron if
an edge is 50 cm?
a. 30.62 b. 31.22
c. 28.22 d. 35.21
37. What is the height of a circular cone of slant height 10x and
a base diameter of 2x?
a. x b. 2x
c. 3x d. 4x
38. The central angle of a spherical wedge is 40 0. Find its volume if
its radius is 1 cm.
a. 0.4654 cm 3 b. 0.4354 cm3
c. 0.4154 cm3 d. 0.3654 cm3
39. A sphere having a diameter of 30 cm is cut into 2 segments. The
altitude of the 1st segment is 6 cm. What is the ratio of the area of the
second segment to that of the first?
a. 3: 1 b. 4: 1
c. 4.5:1 d. 5: 1
40. Given a sphere of diameter d, what is the % increase in its volume
if the surface area is increased by 21%?
a. 35% b. 26%
c. 33% d. 41%
41. Two vertical conical tanks are joined together at the vertices by a
pipe. Initially, the bigger tank is full of water. The pipe valve is open to

Page 201
allow the water to flow to the smaller tank until it is full. At this
moment,

how deep is the water in the bigger tank. The bigger tank has a
diameter of 6 ft and a height of 10 ft. The smaller tank has a diameter
of 6 ft and a height of 8 ft. Neglect the volume of water in the pipeline.
a. 3.56 ft b. 5.84 ft
c. 3.33 ft d. 6.11 ft
42. A cubical container that measures 2 inches on a side is tightly
packed with 8 marbles and is filled with water. All 8 marbles are in
contact with the walls of the container and adjacent marbles. All of the
marbles are of the same size. What is the volume of water in the
container?
a. 3.811 in3 b. 3.122 in3
c. 3.343 in3 d. 3.612 in3
43. Find the volume common to 2 spheres of radii 6 cm and 9 cm ,
respectively if the distance between their centers is 10 cm.
a. 76.12 cm3 b. 69.18 cm3
c. 71.12 cm3 d. 78.12 cm3
44. Find the volume of a spherical cone in a sphere of radius 17 cm if
the radius of its zone is 8 cm.
a. 1210.56 cm 3 b. 1410.56 cm 3
c. 1216.56 cm 3 d. 1230.56 cm 3

Problems 45, 46
An ocean buoy is in the form of a spherical cone. The slant side of a
conical portion is 180 cm and the element of the cone is inclined 25 0
to the x axis.

45. Find the volume of the cone.

a. 1144363.8 cm 3 b. 1344363.8 cm 3
c. 1194363.8 cm 3 d. 1174363.8 cm 3
46. Find the total surface area of the cone.
a. 62,089.87 cm2 b. 72,089.87 cm2
c. 62,189.87 cm 2 d. 72,099.87 cm2

Page 202
47. Find the volume of a triangular spherical pyramid whose base
angles are 770, 1020 and 1210 on a sphere of radius 15 cm.
a. 2356.19 cm 3 b. 2656.19 cm 3
c. 3356.19 cm 3 d. 4356.19 cm 3
48. Into an inverted frustum of a pyramid, full of water a certain gold
mass was immersed, Naturally, some of the water overflowed. Theh
the mass of gold was removed and it was found out that the surface
had

dropped 8 cm. If gold weighs 19.3 grams per cu m, what was the
weight of the mass. Cross section at the top = 12 x 10, Cross section
at the bottom = 6 x 5. Depth = 20 cm.
a. 14.57 kg b. 15.07 kg
c. 12.45 kg d. 13.22 kg
49. The 3 dimensions of a rectangular parallelepiped are in the ratio
of 2:3:5. If its volume is 810 cm 3, what is the smallest dimension.
a. 1 cm b. 2 cm
c. 3 cm d. 4 cm
The volume of the railroad cut is shown in the figure below. The
base is a horizontal rectangle and at the ends are vertical. The slopes
of the sides are 3: 5 ( Vertical: Horizontal )

1.5 2.1

2.8
2.1
6

55
50. Find the area of the left section.
a. 16.833 m2 b. 16.817
c. 21.223 d. 22.455
51. Find the area of the right section.
a. 25.886 m2 b. 24.567
c. 31.223 d. 18.991
52. Find the Area of the midsection

Page 203
 a. 22. 112 b. 21.141
c. 21.165 d. 22.281
53. Find the volume of the railroad cut.
a. 1, 166.2 m2 b. 1,144.5
c. 1, 234.7 d. 1,188.3

A sphere of radius 5 cm and a right circular cone of base radius 5 cm

stand on a plane.

54. Find the positon of the plane from the bottom that cuts the two
solids in equal areas.

r=5
r=5; h=10

55. What is this Area?

a. 50.333 cm2 b. 50.265
c. 53.221 d. 54.112
56. What is the Difference in Volume ( from the bottom ) of the two
solids when the areas are equal.
a. 56. 55 cm3 b. 73.31 cm3
c. 89.12 cm3 d. 45.56 cm3
57. Find the depth ( when the volumes are equal ) from the bottom?

SOLUTION
1. S = 6x2 x becomes 1.3x

Page 204
 S = 6(1.3x)2 = 10.14x2
Increase = (10.14 6)/6 = 69%
2. V = h2/3 ( 3R h)
5.236 = h2/3 ( 6 h) h = 1

3.

6
9

V = R2 h since R can be expressed as R = kh

Then V = (kh)2(h)
k/ = Vh3

Thus V1 h1
3
V1 63 = 0.2963

V2 h2 3 V2 93

4. V = 1/3 h( B1 + B2 + (B1B2) )
h = 5 B1 = 8 x 80 = 640
B2 = 10 x 100 = 1000
V = 4066.67 m3
5. Area of the sector = lateral area of the resulting cone
slant height of the resulting cone = radius of the sector,
1/2 (362) ( 2100) = 756 = r (l) = r(36)
r = 21 cm
height of the cone = ( l2 r2) = (362 212)
= 29.24 cm
V = 1/3r2 h = 1/3 ( )( 212)(29.24) = 13503.44

6. 6cm

12cm

Page 205
 V = Bh where B = base area
The hexagon has 6 equilateral triangles whose side is 6 cm.
Area of one triangle = 623 /4 = 93
Area of hexagon is 6 x 93 = 54 3
V = 543 x 12 = 1122.37 m 3
7. Cross section:

altitude of triangle = 0.3 sin 600 = 02598 m

half of this altitude = 0.13 m
sin 600 = 0.13/ x x = 0.15 m
A = x2 3 / 4 = 0.00974
Volume = Base Area x height
= 0.00974 x 5 = 0.05844 m3

8. For a hexagon, the radius of the circumscribing circle is also 6 cm.

0
Area of any polygon = nAcircle sin 360
2 n
6( )62 360 0
sin 93.53
2 6
V = Bh
500 = 93.53 h; h = 5.345 cm

9. See Problem 3:

h
8cm
Page 206
 V h3
3 ; h = 5.04 m
4V 8

10. V = 1/3r2h
= 1/3 (e/2)2(2e) = e3/6
11.

r
3m
2m

Total Volume = (3)2/3 ( 3r 3)

Volume of liquid below = 12/3 ( 3r 2)
Volume of liquid above = Volume of liquid below
(3)2/3 ( 3r 3) - 22/3 ( 3r 2) = 2 2/3 ( 3r 2)
r = 3.67 m
12.
Y
2 in 1 in
/2
X 1 in

sin /2 = 1/2 = 600

Y = 2x = 2( 2 cos /2 ) = 3.464

Area of one shaded area = 1/2r2( sin ) where is in rad.

= 0.5(22)( 600 sin 600) = 0.36234 in2
Volume = 2( 0.36234)(2) + 2(3.464)(2) =
15.3054 in3 = (15.3054 x2.543)= 250.8 cm3

x x

x
Page 207
h

9 9
13.

V = 1/3h ( B1 + B2 + (B1B2) ) ; B1 = 923 /4 = 35.07

B2 = x2 3/ 4 = 0.433x2
135 = 1/3(8) ( 35.07 + 0.433x + [( 35.07)(0.433x2)] )
2

x = 2.995 m

14.
r 60 2r 6r = 4; r = 14.125 cm
Volume = Bh
= 6( r2 3 / 4) x 20
= 10367.175 m3

15.
30

h
V = 1/3Bh
60 = 1/3( )(202)( 30 sin 600)
= 10882.8 cm3

16.

S = (D)H + D2/4 D = 2/3H,

68 = (2/3H)H + ( 2/3H) 2/4
H = 5.275

Page 208
17.

10
7
V = B x average of the
heights
10 4000 = B x ( 7 + 7 + 10 + 10 )/4
7 B = 470.588 cm 2
B

18.

3 3 3 V = 2 /12 e3
= 2 /12 (3)3
3 3 = 3.1819 cm3

3
0.4
19.
0.4 0.4

0.4 V = Bh = (0.423 / 4 )( 8) = 0.554 m 3

0.4
0.4

2.4
20.

V1 4.8
4.8
2.4 h
V2

2.4

Volume of water = 1/3(0.6)2(2.4) = 0.904779 m 3 = V2

Page 209
 V1= 1/3(1.2)2(4.8) 0.904779 = 6.333 m 3
V1 ( 4.8 h)3 6.333
h= 0.209 m
V1 V2 4.8 3 7.238

CALCULATOR TECHNIQUE:
For 1st cone: MODE 3 3
X Y
0 0
4.8 (1.2)2
-4.8 (1.2)2
A = 0 B = C and C = 0.19635
Volume = Ax + Bx2/2 + Cx3/3
= 0.19635x3/3
when ( depth = x) = 2.4
V = 0.90478
For 2nd Cone: MODE 3 3
X Y
0 (1.2)2
4.8 0
9.6 (1.2)2
A = 4.52389 B = -1.885 C = 0.19635
Ax + Bx2/2 + Cx3/3 = 0.90478
4.52389x + - 1.885x2/2 + 0.19635x3/3 = 0.90478
Arrange and USE MODE 5 4
x = 0.209 Ans

21.
V = e3 2 /12
e e e 12.3 = e3 2 /12
e = 4.708 m
e e
S = e23 = 38.39 m3
e
x

Page 210
 0.52

22. 1
1.8
h

(1.2-0.5)2
2.4

2.4
1.22

h= 1.82 0.992 1.503 m

V = h/3 ( B1 + B2 + (B1B2) )
= 1.503 / 3(12 2.42 (1)(2.4)) = 4.589 m3
23. 1m

r
0.6

0.36

r/ 0.36 = 0.5/0.6 r = 0.3

V = 1/3r2h = (1/3)(0.3)2(0.36) = 0.0339 cm 3

24.

l
h
Page 211
r
 rl 1 l h 15 3

1/ 3r h 2
2
r 6 6 2

25,26,27
4m

6m
r1 6m r2

h 3m

4m
25. 3/r1 = 6/2 r1 = 1
V = /3h( r12 + r1r2 + r22)
= /3( 3) ( 12 + 1(2) + 22) = 21.99 m2

26. r2/h = 2/6 r2 = h/3

V = 1/3 r22h = 1/3 ( h/3)2h
21.99 = 1/3 (h/3)2h
h = 5.739
27. 100 kg = 1 quintal
Weight = 21.99 x 9100 = 200109 N
W = mg m = W/9.81 = 20,398.47 kg
= 203.98 quintal

h
12
122 62 L
6
15

Page 212
6 18
6cm
24
24cm
For max area of inscribed parabola in a cone, the base of the
parabola must pass at the midpoint of the radius.
28. Base of the parabola = 2 ( 10.392) = 20.784 cm
29. A = 2/3bh 208.7 = 2/3 (20.784) h
h = 15 cm
30. Let L = slant height of the cone
(Use similar triangles)
L/ 24 = 15/ ( 18) L = 20 cm
Height = 16 cm
V = 1/3R2H = 1/3(12)2(16) = 2412.74 cm 3
31. The 8 corners of the cube will have 3 blue faces.
32.

12 16

16 x
12

2x

V = average of the heights x area

8200 = ( 16 + 16 + 12 + 12)/4 ( 2x)(x )
x = 17.113 cm

33.

a
D

Page 213
27000 = a3 a = 30 cm
Diagonal of the cube = 3a = diameter of the sphere
radius of the sphere = 3(15) = 25.981 cm
Volume of the sphere = 4/3(25.981)3 = 73460.89 cm3
Volume outside the box but inside the sphere =
73460.89 27000 = 46460.9 cm 3

34. h

15
h = 15 15 cos 300 = 2.01 m
60
V = 2/3R2h
= 2/3(152)(2.01)
= 947.19 m3

35.
0.6

r/ 1.5 = 0.6/ 2
r = 0.45 cm
r
2.0 V = 1/3(r2)h
1.5 = 1/3(0.452)(1.5)
= 0.318 cm3

36. The CG of a tetrahedron is 3/4 of the height from the base.

V = 1/3 B h
B = 5023 /4 = 1082.53
V = 2 /12 e3 = 2 /12 (50)3 = 14731.39 cm 3
14731.39 = (1/3) 1082.53 h
h = 40.825 cm
CG is 3/4(40.825) = 30.62 cm

Page 214

h
37.

h 2 10 x 2 x 2 10
h = 3x

38.

Volume of the sphere is 4/3r3

Use ratio and proportion.
4/3(1)3 / ( 360) = V/(400)

V = 0.4654 cm 3
39.
6cm

Area of a segment = 2rh

Ratio of area of segment
24 cm
= (2r(24)) / ( 2r(6 ))
= 4: 1

40. Let radius of sphere = 1.

V = 4/3()(1)3 = 4/3 = 4.189
Surface Area = 4r2 = 4(1)2 = 4
Surface area becomes 4(1.21) = 15.205

Page 215
 Then 15.205 = 4x2 where x is the new radius.
x = 1.1 cm
New Volume = 4/3()(1.1 )3 = 5.575
% increase in volume = (5.575 4.189)/4.189 = 33%
----------------------------------

41.

Volume of water in the bigger tank is 1/3(3)2(10) = 30

After water has flown from the big tank to the small tank.
1/3(r2)h + 1/3(3)2(8) = 30
r/h = 3/10 r = 0.3h
1/3(0.3h)2h + 1/3(3)2(8) = 30
h = 5.84 ft
42.

side of cube = 2 inches

4r = 2 r = 0.5
radius of one marble = 0.5 in
Volume of water = volume of cube 8 ( volume of one sphere) = 23
- 8( 4/3(0.5)3 )= 3.811 in3
43.

Page 216
 f 2 62 x 2 92 (10 x )2
x = 2.75
h1 = 6 x = 3.25
h2 = 9 (10- x) = 1.75
V = 1/3h12 ( 3(6) h1) + 1/3h22( 3(9) h2)
V = 243.24 cm3

44.
y2 = 172 - 82
y = 15
y + h = 17
h= 2
Z = 2Rh = 2(17)(2) = 68 cm2
V = 1/3ZR = 1/3(68)(17) = 1210.56 cm 3
45-46

Page 217
 h = 180 180 cos 250 = 16.864 cm
Z = 2Rh = 2(180)(16.864) = 19,072.73 cm 2
(46 Ans. )
V = 1/3ZR = 1/3( 19,072.73)(180) = 1144363.8 cm 3
(45 Ans. )
r = 180 sin 250 = 76.071 cm
Surface of the cone = r(180) = 43,017.14 cm 2
Total surface area = Z + 43,017.14 = 62,089.87 cm 2
47.
E = 77 + 102 + 121 180 = 1200
R 3E
V R = 15 cm
540
V = 2356.19 cm 3

48.

Let us use the prismatoid technhique.

MODE 3 3
Input
X Y
0 6 x 5 = 30
20 12 x 10 = 120

Page 218
10 ( 12 + 6)/2 X ( 10 + 5 )/ 2 = 67.5

A = 30 (SHIFT 1 5 1) B = 3 ( SHIFT 1 5 2 )
C = 0.075 ( SHIFT 1 5 3 )
20

A Bx Cx dx = 780.8 cu cm
2
Volume of water that overflows =
12
= Volume of Gold
Weight of Gold = 780.8 x 19.3 = 15.07 kg

49.
Let 2x, 3x, 5x be the dimensions.
Then 2x(3x)(5x) = 810
All dimensions in meters.
50-51-52
Left side section

Coordinates e ( 0, 1.5 ) f( 6 , 2.1 )

C(0,0) D( 6, 0)
Equation of AB MODE 5 1
0 1.5 1
6 2.1 1
-1/15 x + 2/3 y = 1
Equation of CA Side slope = 3/5 = 0.6
y = -0.6x or 0.6x + y = 0
Equation of DB MODE 5 1
6 0 1
7 0.6 1

Page 219
 1/6x - 5/18y = 1
Coordinates of A:
MODE 5 1
-1/15 2/3 1
0.6 1 0
Int. ( -15/7, 9/7)
Coordinates of B:
MODE 5 1
-1/15 2/3 1
1/6 -5/18 1
Int. ( 10.2, 2.52 )
Area of left section = 0.5 vector CB X vector DA
= 0.5 ( 10. 2 2.52 ) X ( -15/7 6 9/7 0 )
= 16.817

Right Section
Coordinates:
e( 2.1, 0) f( 6, 2.8) C( 0, 0) D( 6, 0)
Equation ef MODE 5 1
0 2.1 1
6 2.8 1
-1/18x + 10/21y = 1
Equation AC ( side slope = 0.6 )
y = -0.6x or 0.6x + y = 0
Equation DB
MODE 5 1
6 0 1
7 0.6 1

Page 220
 1/6x - 5/18y = 1
Int. ef and CA
MODE 5 1
-1/18 10/21 1
0.6 1 0
A ( -2.93, 1.758 )
Int ef and DB
MODE 5 1
-1/18 10/21 1
1/6 -5/18 1
B( 11.793, 3.476 )
Area of Right Section = 0.5 vector CB X vector DA
= 0.5 ( 11.793 3.476 ) X ( -2.93 6 1.758 )
= 25.886

For Area of the midsection

Coordinates
e(0,1.8) f( 6, 2.45) D(6,0)
Equation ef MODE 5 1
0 1.8 1
6 2.45 1
Ans. 13/216x + 5/9y = 1
Equation CA y = -0.6x
or 0.6x + y = 0
Intersection CA and AB :
MODE 5 1
A( -2.5412, 1.5247)
Equation DB (slope = 0.6)
Page 221
MODE 5 1
6 0 1
7 .6 1
1/6 x 5/18y = 1
Int. of AB, DB
MODE 5 1
-13/216 5/9 1
1/6 -5/18 1
B( 10.983, 2.99 )
Area of Midsection = Vct CB X Vct DA
= .5 ( 10.983 2.99 ) X ( -2.5412 6 1.5247 )
= 21.141

Volume = 55/6( 16.817 + 4( 21.141 ) + 25.87 ) = 1,166.62 m 2

54-55-56
The Area of the sphere from height x can be modeled using the
CALCU.
MODE 3 3
X Y
0 0
5 (5)2
10 0
A = 0 B = 31.4159 C = -31.146
Area = 31.4159x 3.1416x2
For the Right Circular Cone
MODE 3 3
0 (5)2
10 0
20 (5)2
A = 78.584 B = -15.708 C = 0.7854
A = 78.584 15.708x + 0.7854x2

When the 2 As are equal

31.4159x 3.1416x2 = 78.54 -15.708+ 0.7854x2
x = 2 Ans ( or x = 10 )

Page 222
Area = 31.4159x 3.1416x2 ( when x = 2 )
= 50.265 m2

The Volume can be modeled by the equation:

V = Ax + Bx2/2 + Cx3/3
For the Sphere:
V = 31.4159x2/2 3.1416x3/3 when x = 2
= 54.45
For the Cone
V = 78.54x 15.708x2/2 + 0.7854 x3/3 when x = 2
= 127.76
Difference in Volume = 127.76 54.45 = 73.31 m3

PROBLEM SET 13
ANALYTIC GEOMETRY (LINES)
1. Find the distance between the points A( 4, -3) and B(-2, -5).
PAST ECE BOARD
a. 11.31 b. 9.54
c. 10.11 d. 6.32
2. Find the distance between the points ( 5, -7) and ( 3, -6)?
a. 2.236 b. 3.112
c. 4.221 d. 8.221
3. If the distance between ( 3, y) and (8,7) is 13 is, they y is :
a. 3 b. 19
c. 12 d. 11
4. Determine the coordinates of the point which is 3/5 of the way from
point (2, -5) to the point (-3,5). PAST ECE BOARD
a. (-1,1) b. (-2,1)
c. (-1,2) d. (1,-1)
5. The segment A(-1,4) to B(2, -2) is extended three times its own
length. The terminal point is
a. (11, -24) b. (-11,-20)
c. (11,-18) d. (11,-20)
6. The slope of the line joining the points ( 3, -5) and
( 4, 10) is

Page 223
 a. 15 b. -15
c. 12 d. 11
7. The slope of the line whose equation is
5x + 3y = 9 is
a. 5/3 b. -5/3
c. 3 d. -1/3
8. The slope of the line perpendicular to 4x 5y = 2 is
a. -4/5 b. 4/5
c. -5/4 d. -2/5
9. What is the distance of the point ( 3, -7) to the line 4x + 6y 5 =
0?
a. 5.67 b. 4.85
c. 3.33 d. 5.11
10. The two points on the line 2x 3y + 4 = 0 which are at a distance
2 from the line 3x + 4y 6 = 0
PAST CE BOARD
a. (-5,1) and (-5,2) b. ( 64, -44) and (4, -4)
c. (8,8) and (12,12) d. (44, -64) and ( -4,4)
11. The distance from the point (2,1) to the line 4x 3y + 5 = 0 is
(PAST CE BOARD)
a. 1 b. 2
c.3 d. 4
12. The distance between the points 3x + y 12 = 0 and 3x + y 4 =
0. PAST EE BOARD
a. 2.53 b. 3.11
c. 1.45 d. 1.11
13. What is the slope of the line whose parametric equation is x = 3t
+ 7 and y = -4t 5
a. 12/5 b. -4/3
c. 3/2 d. 2/3
14. Determine B such that 3x + 2y 7 = 0 is perpendicular to 2x By
+ 2 = 0 (PAST ECE BOARD)
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
15. What is the slope of the line whose parametric equation y = 4t +
6 and x = t + 1 (PAST CE BOARD)

Page 224
 a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
16. What is the area of the triangle whose vertices are
A( 2, -4) , B( 1,6) and C ( -8,3)? PAST CE BOARD
a. 33.5 b. 46.5
c. 52.1 d. 56.8
17. What is the area of the quadrilateral whose vertices in order are
(0,0) , (3,1) , (2,4) and (1,2).
a. 5 b. 4
c. 2 d. 8
18. If the area of the triangle with vertices (5,2) , (x,4) and (0,-3) is
12.5, what is the value of x?
a. 11 b. 10
c. 12 d. 9
19. Find the equation of the line that passes through ( 4, 7) and ( 3, -
5).
a. y = -41 + 12x b. y = 31 12x
c. y = -12 + 2x d. y = 12 + 7x
20. Find the equation of the line that passes trough the points ( 3, -8)
and ( 4, -9) ?
a. X + Y + 5 = 0 b. X Y 5 = 0
c. X + Y + 6 = 0 d. X Y 6 = 0
21. Find the equation of the line that passes trough ( 3, -9) and slope
= 3/2.
a.3x 2y = 27 b. 2x 3y = 27
c. 2Y = -27 - 3X d. 5Y = -27 + 3X
22. Find the equation of the line that passes trough ( 4, -9) and slope
= -2.
a. 2X Y = 1 b. 2X + Y = -1
c. Y = 2 - 2x d. Y = 3 + 2X
PAST CE BOARD (Poblems 23, 24, 25)
Line A has a slope of -4 and passes trough (-25,-10). Line B has x
intercept of 10 and y intercept of 25.
23. The distance of line A to point ( 8, -3).
a. 35.85 b. 30.21
c. 33.71 d. 28.54

Page 225
24. The point of intersection of lines A and B.
a. (-80, 360) b.(-90,250)
c. (30, -420) d. ( 80, -440)
25. Determine the equation of a line perpendicular to line
B and passing trough (-20,10).
a. 2x 5y + 90 = 0 b. 5x 3y + 40 = 0
c. 3x + 5y 80 = 0 d. 2x 5y -10 = 0

Problems ( 26, 27)

A triangle has the vertices A (1,3) , B( 7,0) and C(4,6).
26. The centroid is at
a. ( 4, -1) b. ( 4,3)
c. ( 3, -1) d. ( 4, 8)
27. The orthocenter is at
a. ( 3,5) b. ( 3,4)
c. ( -5,4) d. (4,-2)
28. The Euler line equation is at
a. x + y = 4 b. x + y = 6
c. x + y = 7 d. x y = 5
29. Find the equation of the line that bisects the acute angle between
the lines x y -1 = 0 and 7x + y 7 = 0
a. 4x + 5y = 1 b. 3x y 3 = 0
c. 3x + 2y = 2 d. 3x 4y -7 = 0
30. Find the length of the line from point (5,3) to the y axis if the slope
of the line is 3/2. PAST CE BOARD
a. 9.01 b. 8.12
c. 9.11 d. 9.22
31. One of the bisectors of the angles formed by the lines 4x + 3y 4
= 0 and 5x + 12y 60 = 0 has a positive x intercept. The intercept
is
a. 31/7 b. 32/7 c. 33/7 d. 34/7
32. Find the equation of the line trough the intersection of the lines
7x 13y + 46=0 and 19x + 11y 41=0 and passing trough ( 3,1).
a. 21x + 7y = 70 b. 5x 7y = 8
c. 31x 34y = 59 d. 31x + 35y = 128

Page 226
Solution: 1 25
1. COMPLEX MODE:
Let A = 4 3i B = -2 5i
| A B| = 6.32
2. A = 5 7i B = 3 6i
|A B| = 2.236
3. Using trial and error:
A = 3 + 19i B = 8 + 7i
| A B| = 13
Ans. y = 19
4. x = x1 + k(x2 x1)
= 2 + 3/5( -3 -2) = -1
y = y1 + k( y2 y1)
= -5 + 3/5( 5 + 5) = 1
Ans. ( -1,1)
CAL TECHNIQUE: Let Vct A = ( 2 -5) Vct B = ( -3 5)
Vct C = Vct A + k( Vct B Vct A )
k = 3/5 Vct C = Vct A + (3/5)( VctB Vct A )
Vct C = ( - 1 1 ) Coord. ( -1 1 )
5. A(-1,4) B(2,-2) C(a,b)
Let AB = m; BC = 3m
k = AB/(AC)
= m/( m+ 3m) = 1/4
2 = -1 + 1/4( a + 1) a = 11
-2 = 4 + 1/4( b -4) b = -20
Ans. ( 11, -20)
CAL TECHNIQUE:
ENTER: POL ( 2 (-1), -2-4) =
The distance AB is stored to X and the angle with respect to the Y
axis is stored to Y.
Thus: Distance AB = X and = Y
Since Distance from B to C = 3X .
ENTER Rec( 3X, Y )
Result: ( X = 9, Y = -18)
Coordinate of C = Coordinate of B + ( 9, -18)
= ( 2, -2) + ( 9, -18) = ( 11, -20)

Page 227
Another CAL TECHNIQUE USING VECTORS.
A(-1,4) to B(2, -2)
Vct A = ( -1 4) Vct B = ( 2 -2) Vct C = ?
Then Vct B = Vct A + 1/4( Vct C Vct A)
Vct C = 4( Vct B Vct A) + Vct A
Vct C = ( 11 -20)
CAL TECHNIQUE USING COMPLEX NUMBERs.
Let A = -1 + 4i B = 2 2i C = ?
B = A + 1/4( C A ) or C = 4( B-A) + A
Store -1 + 4i to A and 2 2i to B.
C = 4( B-A) + A C = 11 20i ( Ans. (11, -20) )
6. slope = (-5 -10)/(3 -4) = 15
7. 5x + 3y = 9
For Ax + BY = C , slope = -A/B
A = 5, B = 3 slope = -5/3
8. 4x 5y = 2
See Prob 7: A = 4 B = -5 slope = -A/B = 4/5
Then: slope perpendicular = -5/4

9. Use d
Ah Bk C
A2 B 2
4x + 6y 5 = 0 A = 4, B = 6, C = - 5
h = 3, k = - 7
d = 4.85
10. Use Trial and Error:
Test if the given points are on the line 2x + 3y + 4 = 0
The only points are (64,-44) and ( 4, -4).
because: 2x + 3y + 4 = 0 when x = 64 and y = - 44
or when x = 4, and y = - 4

Compute the distance from 2x + 3y + 4 = 0 to ( 64, -44)

Ah Bk C
Use d where A = 2 , B = 3 , C = 4
A2 B 2
h = 64, k = -44
and h = 4 , k = - 4
distance = 2. Ans. ( 64, -44), ( 4, -4)
Page 228
11. d Ah Bk C
A2 B 2
A = 4 B = -3 C = 5 h= 2, k = -1
d=2
12. Get the distance of the two lines from ( 0,0) and subtract.
12 4
d= 2 2 = 2.53
3 1
2 2
3 1
(disregard sign)
13. x = 3t + 7, y = -4t 5
Get two points on the line.
t=0 (x,y) = ( 7, -5)
t=1 ( x,y) = ( 10, -9)
m = ( -9 +5)/ ( 10 -7) = -4/3
14. slope of 3x + 2y 7 = 0
3x + 2y 7 = 0 slope = -3/2
2x By + 2 = 0 slope = 2/B
(-3/2)(2/B) = -1 B=3
15. Let t = 0 , then x = 1 , y = 6
t = 1, then x = 2 , y = 10
(1,6) (2,10) slope = (10-6)/( 2-1) = 4
16.
2 4 1
Area = 1/2
det 1 6 1 Ans. 46.5

8 3 1
17.

Area = 1/2 (0 + 12 + 4 + 0 - 0 - 2 - 4 - 0 ) = 4
18. Use trial and error:
5 2 1
0.5 det 12 4 1 12 .5
0 3 1
Ans. x = 5

Page 229
19. Y = A + Bx
Subtitute ( 4,7) and ( 3, -5)
7 = A + B(4)
-5 = A + B(3)
A = -41 B = 12
Equation: y = -41 + 12x or 12x y = 41
Cal Technique: ENTER MODE 5 1
Input: 4 7 1
3 -5 1
Ans. X = 12/41 Y = -1/41
Equation: 12/41x 1/41y = 1
or 12x y = 41
20. Points are ( 3, -8) and ( 4, -9)
(See Cal Tech of Prob 19)
ENTER: MODE 5 1
Input: 3 -8 1
4 -9 1
Result: X = -1/5 Y = -1/5
Equation: -1/5 X 1/5 Y = 1
X + Y = - 5 or X + Y + 5 = 0
21. slope = 3/2 passing (3, -9)
For Ax + By = C , slope = -A/B
Equation: 3x 2y = C
ENTER: 3X 2Y CALC X? 3 Y? - 9
Result: 3x 2y = 27
22. Y = A + BX slope = -2 ( 4, -9)
See Soln of 21:
Equation: 2x + y = C
ENTER: 2X + Y CALC X? 4 Y? 9
2X + Y = -1
23. Equation of line A: slope = -4 ( -25, -10)
Then 4x + y = C
ENTER: 4X + Y CALC X? -25 Y? -10
Ans. 4x + y = -110 or 4x + y + 110 = 0
distance of line A to (8,-3)

Page 230
 Ah Bk C A = 4 B = 1 C = 110
d
A2 B 2
h = 8 and k = -3
d = 33.71
24. Line A : 4x + y = -110 (1)
Line B: x/10 + y/25 =1 (2)
Solve 1 and 2 using MODE 5 1
Ans . x = -90 y = 250
25. slope of line B is -1/10 / 1/25 = -5/2
slope perpendicular to B is 2/5
slope = 2/5 (-20, -10)
Equation: 2x 5y = C
ENTER: 2X 5Y CALC X ? -20 Y? -10
Result: 2x 5y = 10
26. Centroid = ( 1 + 7 + 4)/3 , ( 3 + 0 + 6)/ 3
= (4, 3)
27. The orthocenter is the intersection of the altitude.
A (1,3) , B( 7,0) and C(4,6).
AB slope = (0 -3)/ ( 7-1) = -1/2
slope perpendicular = 2
Equation altitude from C to AB
ENTER: MODE 5 1
Input: 4 6 1
5 6+2 1
Result: X = 1 Y = -1/2
X 1/2Y = 1 (1)
BC slope = ( 6 -0)/ ( 4 7) = -2
slope perpendicular = 1/2
Equation altitude from A to BC
ENTER MODE 5 1
Input: 1 3 1
2 3 + 1/2 1
Result: X =-1/5 Y = 2/5
-1/5x + 2/5y = 1 (2)
Solve equations (1) and (2) simultaneously using MODE 5 1
Ans. ( 3, 4)

Page 231
28. The Euler line is the line connecting the centroid and the
orthocenter. ( 3,4) and (4,3)
MODE 5 1 :
Input: 3 4 1
4 3 1
Result: 1/7x + 1/7y =1 or x + y = 7
29. Let P(x,y) be the the point on the angular bisector.
Then P(x,y) is equidistant from the two given lines.

Ax By C
d
A2 B 2
d1 = d2 (both above the lines)
1( x ) 1( y ) 1 7( x ) y 7

12 12 7 2 12
3x y 3 = 0
Note : the sign of B will also be the sign of the square root.
30. Equation of the line:
Equation of the line:
ENTER: MODE 5 1
INPUT: 5 3 1
6 3+3/2 1
Result: 1/3x 2/9y = 1
When x = 0 , y = -4.5
Points ( 0,- 4.5) and ( 5,3)
Distance = | 0- 4.5 i ( 5 + 3i) | = 9.01

Page 232
31. There are 2 bisectors:
4 x 3 y 4 5 x 12y 60 and 4 x 3y 4 5 x 12y 60

4 3
2 2
5 12
2 2
42 32 5 2 122
13( 4x + 3y -4) = 5( 5x + 12y 60)
27x + 15y = -248 y = 0 x int = - 248/27
13( 4x + 3y 4) = -5( 5x + 12y 60)
77x + 99y = 352 y = 0 x int = 352/77 = 32/7
32. MODE 5 1
Solve 7x 13y = - 46
19x + 11y = 41
x = 1/12 y = 43/12
MODE 5 1 Input:
3 1 1
1/12 43/12 1
x = 31/128 y = 35/128 31x + 35y = 128

PROBLEM SET 14
CIRCLES AND PARABOLA
Given: Problems 1 , 2
x2 + y2 10x 10y + 25 = 0 PAST CE BOARD
1. Find the center
a.(5,-4) b. (5,5)
c. ( 6, -5) d. (4,-5)
2. Find the radius.
a. 5 b. 4
c. 2 d. 3
3. The shortest distance from A(3,8) to the circle
x2 + y2 + 4x 6y = 12 is (PAST CE BOARD)
a. 2.1 b. 2.3
c. 2.3 d. 2.4
4. Find the coordinates of the center of the circle
x2 + y2 2x 4y 31 = 0?
a. (-1,-1) b. (-2,-2)
c. (1,2) d. (2,1)
5. Find the radius of the circle in problem 4
a. 4 b. 5

Page 233
 c. 6 d. 7
6. What is the area of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 7x + 6y - 35 = 0 ? PAST
CE BOARD
a. 31.66 b. 67.22
c. 144.22 d. 161.22
7. What is the area of the circle x2 + y2 + 8x + 4y 61 = 0 ? PAST
CE BOARD
a. 233.22 b. 254.47
c. 311.22 d. 221.33
8. Find the area bounded by the curve
x2 -10x + y2 + 10y + 25 = 0? CE MAY 2004
a. 56.77 b. 78.54
c. 65.55 d. 89.11
9. What is the equation of the radical axis of the circles x 2+ y2 -18x -
14y + 121 = 0 and x2 + y2 6x + 6y = 14
a. 12x + 20y =135 b. 12x 20y = 135
c. 13x 20y = 115 d. 15x + 20y = 122
CE BOARD Nov 2006 Problems 10, 11
A circle has the equation x2 + y2 6x + 12y + 9 = 0
10. Find the radius
a. 5 b. 4
c. 6 d. 7
11. Find the center.
a.(4,-7) b. ( 3, -6)
c. ( 9.-1) d. (5,-8)
12. What is the distance from the center of the circle to the line y =
2x + 10?
a. 8.87 b. 9.84
c. 9.11 d. 8.12
13. What is the equation of the radical axis of the circles?
x2 + y2 =1 and x2 + y2 6x + 6y + 11 = 0
a. x y = 2 b. x + y = 2
c. x + 2y = 4 d. 2x y = 1

13a, 13b, 13c

Page 234
A circle is tangent to the line x + y = 4 at ( -3, 7) and its center lies
on the y axis.
13a. Find the coordinate of the center of the circle
a. ( 0, 12) b. ( 0, 10)
c. ( 0, 5) d. ( 0, 6)
13b. The radius of the circle is
a. 4.24 b. 5.33
c. 4.11 d. 4.07

14. The focus of the parabola y2 = 16x is at?

PAST CE BOARD
a. (4,0) b. (0,4)
c. ( 3,0) d. (0,3)
15. What is the length of the latus rectum of the curve x 2 = 20y ?
PAST CE BOARD
a. 10 b. 5
c. 20 d. 25
Given the parabola 4y = x2 6x + 21
Problems 16, 17, 18
16. The vertex is at
a. (2,3) b. (-3,3)
c. (3,3) d. (4,-4)
17. The length of the latus rectum is
a. 6 b. 4
c. 3 d. 5
18. The focus is at
a. (3,5) b. (3,4)
c. (4,4) d. (5,6)
Given the parabola 4y 4x + 7y + 12 = 0
2

Problems 19, 20, 21

19. The vertex is at
a. ( 143/64, -7/8) b. ( 123/64, 7/8)
c. ( 123/8, -7/64) c. ( 111/64, -9/64)
20. The length of the latus rectum is
a. 1 b. 1/2
c. 1/4 d. 1/8

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21. The focus is at
a. (159/64, -7/8) b. (123/64, -5/8)
c. ( 123/64, 3/8) d. (114/64, -8/63)
22. The equation of the axis of symmetry of y= 2x 2 7x + 5 is
(PAST ECE BOARD)
a. 2x + 7 = 0 b. 4x 7 = 0
c. 4x + 7 = 0 d. 3x 7 = 0
23. The focus of the parabola y2 + 4x 4y 8 = 0 is
at PAST (EE BOARD)
a. (1,2) b. (2,3)
c. (2,2) d.(3,3)
24. From problem 23, what is the equation of the directrix?
a. x = 2 b. x = 1
c. x =0 d. x = 1.5

A circle passes trough (2,3), (6,1) and (4,-3)

Problems 25, 26
25. The center of this circle is
a. ( 1,4) b. ( 3,0)
c. ( 1, -1) d. ( 4,2)
26. The radius of this circle is
a. 3.162 b. 3.162
c. 5.262 d. 1.112
27. Find the center of the circle that circumscribes the triangle
formed by the lines y = 0, y = x and 2x + 3y = 10
a. (3,0) b. (4,0)
c. (5/2,0) d. ( -4.5,0)
Given a parabola with horizontal axis that passes trough (0,0), ( -8,
3) and ( 4, 9). Problems 28, 29, 30
28. Find the equation of the parabola.
a. 27x = -114y + 14y2 b. 37x = 114y + 14y2
c. 17x = -114y - 14y2 d. 27x = -119y + 14y2
29. Find the vertex of this parabola.
a. ( -361/42, 57/14) b. ( -361/12, 57/6)
c. ( 361/42, 57/5) d. ( -367/22, 51/14)
30. Find the equation of its directrix.

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 a. x = -9.31 b. x = -8.65
c. x = 9.11 d. x = 9.22
31. Find the length of the common chord to the parabolas y2 = 2x +
4y + 6 and y2 = 3x + 3y + 1
a. 12.45 b. 16.12
c. 13.34 d. 16.21
32. Find the equation of the parabola whose focus is at (1,0) and
vertex is at (2,0).
a. y2 + 4x 8 = 0 b. y2 + 2x 8 = 0
c. y + 6x 8 = 0
2 d. y2 + 4x + 2 = 0
33. When the load is uniformly distributed horizontally, the cable of a
suspension bridge hangs in a parabolic arc. If the bridge is 300 ft long
, the towers 60 ft high and the cable 20 ft above the roadbed at the
center, find the distance from the roadbed 50 ft from the center.
a. 31.22 b. 24.44
c. 28.21 d. 32.11
34. Find the equation of the parabola with horizontal axis which
crosses the x axis at x = 2 and the y axis at y = -1 and y = 7.
a. y2 + 2x -12y 14 = 0 b. 2y2 + 2x -12y 14 = 0
c. 2y2 + 7x -12y 14 = 0 d. 2y2 + 7x -12y 11 = 0
35. Find the distance from the point (6,4) to the circle
x2 + 16x + y2 + 16y + 64 = 0
a. 4.47 b. 5.43
c. 7.21 d. 3.45
36. Determine the length of the latus rectum of the parabola x 2 6x
12y 51 = 0 CE BOARD May 2006
a. 11 b. 10
c. 6 d. 12
37. There is a fixed circle having a radius of 6 with center (10,12).
Find the equation of the curve connecting the centers of all circles
tangent to the fixed circle and the x axis. PAST CE BOARD
a. x2 10x 36y + 208 = 0 c. x2 30x 36y + 208 = 0
b. x 20x 36y + 201 = 0
2 d. x2 20x 36y + 208 = 0
Problems 38, 39, 40
A parabola having an axis parallel to the y axis passes trough the
points A, B and C as follows

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 A (1,1)
B (2,2)
C (-1,5)
38. The equation of the parabola is
a. Y = 2 2x + x2 b. Y = 3 3x + x2
c. Y = 2 2x + 2x2 d. Y = -2 2x + x2
39. The length of the latus rectum of the parabola.
a. 2 b. 1
c.3 d. 4
40. The vertex is at
a. (1,1) b. (-1,1)
c.(2,1) d. (-2,-2)
Problems 41, 42, 43
A parabola has its axis parallel to the x axis and passes trough (5,4),
(11,-2) and (21, -4).
41. The equation of the parabola is
a. X = 5 2y + 1/2y2 b. X = 5 y + 1/2y2
c. X = 15 2y + y2 d. X = 5 2y + 2y2
42. The length of the latus rectum is
a. 2 b. 1/2
c. 3 d. 4
43. The equation of the directrix is :
a. 3x 2 = 0 b. 2x 5 = 0
c. 5x + 2 = 0 d. 7x 4 = 0

1. Note: For a circle A

SOLUTION: A A B B
A = -10 B = 1 x2 + y2 10x 10y + 25 = 0
--B/(2A) = 5
same for y:
Center ( 5,5)
2. Substitute x =5 and y = 5 in
x2 + y2 10x 10y + 25
Ans. -25
radius = 25 = 5
3. Get the center:
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 A A B B
x2 + y2 + 4x 6y = 12
A=1 B=4
-B/(2A) = -2 (for x )
A=1 B=-6
-B/(2A) = 3 (for y )
Center is ( -2, 3)
Get the radius:
Substitute x = -2 and y = 3 in x2 + y2 + 4x 6y 12
Answer: -25
radius = 25 = 5
Distance from center to (3,8)
| -2 + 3i ( 3 + 8i) | = 7.07
shortest distance from (3,8) to circle = 7.07 5 = 2.07
or 2.1
4. A A B B
x2 + y2 2x 4y 31 = 0?
A = 1 B = -2
-B/(2A) = 1
A=1 B=-4
-B/(2A) = 2
Center ( 1,2)
5. Substitute x = 1 and y = 2 in x2 + y2 2x 4y 31
Ans. -36
r= 36 = 6
6. A A B B
4x2 + 4y2 7x + 6y - 35 = 0 ?
A=4 B=-7
-B/(2A) = 7/8
A=4 B=6
-B/(2A) = -3/4
Substitute x = 7/8 and y = -3/4 in
4x2 + 4y2 7x + 6y 35 = -645/16
4Area = 645/16 = 126.64
Area = 31.66

Page 239
 A A B B
7. x2 + y2 + 8x + 4y 61 = 0 ?
A=1 B=8
-B/(2A) = - 4
A= 4 B= 4
-B/(2A) = -2
Let x = -4 and y = - 2
x2 + y2 + 8x + 4y 61 = -81
Area = 81 = 254.45
8.
A B A B
x2 -10x + y2 + 10y + 25 = 0?
A = 1 B = -10
-B/(2A) = 5
A = 1 B = 10
-B/(2A) = -5
LET x = 5 and y = -5
x2 -10x + y2 + 10y + 25 = -25
Area = (25) = 78.54
9.
x2+ y2 -18x -14y = - 121 and x2 + y2 6x + 6y = 14
SUBTRACT the two equations.
-18x -14y ( -6x + 6y) = -121 - 14
-12x -20y = -135
12x + 20y =135
10. A B A B
x2 + y2 6x + 12y + 9
A=1 B=-6
-B/(2A) = 3
A = 12 B = 1
-B/(2A) = -6
x=3, y= -6
x2 + y2 6x + 12y + 9 = -36
radius = (-36) = 6
11. center ( 3, -6)
12. y = 2x + 10 2x y + 10 = 0

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A=2 B = -1 C = 10 h = 3, k = - 6
Ah Bk C
d = 9.84
A2 B 2
13.
Subtract the 2 equations.
x2 + y2 =1 and x2 + y2 6x + 6y = -11
Ans. 6x -6y = 12 or x y = 2

13a, 13b
The circle is tangent to x + y = 4 at ( -3, 7)
Equation of the normal line ( slope of tangent = -1, slope of normal =
1)
MODE 5 1
-3 7 1
-2 7+ 1 1
Equation of Normal Line:
-1/10x + 1/10y = 1 or - x + y = 10
when x = 0, y = 10
Center ( 0, 10)
Distance from (-3, 7) to ( 0, 10)
MODE 2: | -3 + 7i ( 0 + 10i) | = 32 = 4.24

14. Latus rectum = 16 4a = 16

a = 4 Parabola opens horizontal to the right.
Focus is at ( 0, 0 + 4) = (0,4)
15. Parabola opens upward V(0,0)
Latus Rectum is 20.
16.
A B C
2
Rewrite as y = x /4 - 6/4x + 21/4
A = 1/4 B = -6/64
-B/(2A) = 3
Let x = 3
x2/4 - 6/4x + 21/4 = 3
Vertex is at ( 3,3)

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Given the parabola 4y = x2 6x + 21
16. The vertex is at
17. The length of the latus rectum is
Rewrite as y = x2/4 6/4x + 21/4
Latus rectum = reciprocal of the coefficient of x 2
= 4
18. The focus is at
4a = 4 , a = 1
Parabola is vertical. Vertex is at ( 3,3)
Focus is at ( 3, 3 + 1 ) = ( 3,4)
19. Rewrite as:
x = 4y2/4 + 7y/4 + 12/4
A B
x = y2 + 7y/4 + 3
A =1 B = 7/4
-B/(2A) = -7/8
Let y = -7/8
y2 + 7y/4 + 3 = 143/64
Vertex is at ( 143/64, -7/8)
20. Length of latus rectum = reciprocal of coeff of y2
Latus Rectum = 1/4
21. Focus
( 143/64 + 1/4, -7/8) or ( 159/64, -7/8)
22.
A B C
y = 2x 7x + 5
2

A = 2 B = -7
-B/(2A) = 7/4
x = 7/4 is the axis of symmetry.
or 4x 7 = 0
23. Rewrite as:
A B
2
4x = - y + 4y + 8
x = -y2/4 + y + 2
Latus Rectum is 4 4a = 4 , a = 1
Opens to the left.

Page 242
 To get the vertex.
A = -1/4 B = 1
-B/(2A) = 2
y= 2
-y2/4 + y + 2 = 3
Vertex is at ( 3,2)
Focus is at ( 3 1,2) = (2,2)
24. Vertex is at ( 3,2) Directrix is a vertical line. Parabola opens to
the left. directrix is x = 3 + 1 or x = 4
25. Equation of the circle
x2 + y2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
Dx + Ey + F = -x2 y2 (1)
substitute the points ( 2,3), (6,1) and (4,-3) in
2D + 3E + F = -22 - 32
6D + 1E + F = -62 -12
4D 3E + F = -42 (-3)2
USE MODE 5 2
D = -6 E = 0 F = -1
Equation of the circle is:
x2 + y2 -6x -1 = 0
Center:
A B A B
x -6x + y2 + 0y - 1 = 0
2

A = 1 B = -6
-B/(2A) = 3
The center is at ( 3,0)
26. Let x = 3 and y = 0
x2 + y2 -6x -1 = -10
radius = 10 = 3.162
27. Find the vertices of the triangle.
y=0
y = x Intersection (0,0)
y = x, 2x + 3y = 10
xy=0
2x + 3y = 10
Intersection: (2,2)
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y = 0 and 2x + 3y = 10
Intersection: ( 5, 0)
The vertices of the triangle are A(0,0), B(2,2) and C(5,0)
Use: Dx + Ey + F = -x2 y2
D(0) + E(0) + F = 0 (0,0)
F=0
2D + 2E = -22 -22 (2,2)
2D + 2E = -8
D(5) + E(0) = -52 -02
D=-5
and E = 1
The equation of the circle is
A A B
x2 + y2 -5x + 1 = 0
A=1 B=-5
-B/(2A) = 5/2
The center is at ( 5/2, 0)
28. ENTER: MODE 3 3
Input the given coordinates.
X Y
0 0
3 -8
9 4
(Note the x and y positions are interchanged because we are looking
for the parabola of the form x = A + By + Cy2
A ( SHIFT 1 5 1 ) A = 0
B (SHIFT 1 5 2) B = -38/9
C ( SHIFT 1 5 3) C = 14/27
The equation of the parabola is x = -38/9y + 14/27y2
or 27x = -114y + 14y2
29.
B A
x = -114/27y + 14/27y2
A = 14/27 B = -114/27
-B/(2A) = 57/14
Let y = 57/14

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-114/27y + 14/27y2 = -361/42
The vertex is at ( -361/42, 57/14)
30.
Latus rectum = 27/114 = 4a a = 9/152
Parabola opens to the left.
Directrix is x = -361/42 9/152 = -8.65
31.
Find the intersection:
2x + 4y + 6 = 3x + 3y + 1
-x + y + 5 = 0
y=x5
Substitute this in y2 = 2x + 4y + 6
(x -5)2 = 2x + 4(x +5) + 6
x2 -10x + 25 = 2x + 4x + 20 + 6
x2 -16x -1 = 0
Use mode 5 3.
The roots are x = 8 + 65 and x = 8 - 65
and y = x 5 , y = 3 + 65 and 3 - 65
The endpoints of the chords are (8 + 65 , 3 +65 )
and ( 8 - 65 , 3 - 65 )
Let A = 8 + 65 + (3 +65) i
B = 8 - 65 - (3 - 65)i
| A B| = 16.12
32.
Distance from vertex to focus is a.
a= 2 1 = 1
4a = 4
The parabola is horizontal opening to the left.
( y k)2 = -4a ( x h)
( y 0)2 = -4( x 2)
y2 = -4x + 8 or y2 + 4x 8 = 0
33.

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Get 3 coordinates.
ENTER: MODE 3 3
X Y
0 20
150 60
-150 60
ENTER: 50 SHIFT 1 5 6 =
Ans. 50 y = 24.444

34. The three coordinates are

( 2, 0) , ( 0, -1) and ( 0, 7)
ENTER: MODE 3 3
Input
X Y
0 2
-1 0
7 0
Note: the coordinates are reversed because the axis is horizontal.
X = A + BY + CY2
SHIFT 1 5 1 or 1 7 1 A= 2
SHIFT 1 5 2 or 1 7 2 B = 12/7
SHIFT 1 5 3 or 1 7 3 C = - 2/7
X = 2 + 12/7y 2/7y2
7x = 14 + 12y 2y2 Ans. 2y2 + 7x -12y 14 = 0
35.
A B A B
x2 + 16x + y2 + 16y + 64
A = 1 B = 16
-B/(2A) = -8

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Center is at (- 8, -8)
Let x = -8 , y = - 8
x2 + 16x + y2 + 16y + 64 = -64
radius = 64 = 8
distance = | 6 + 4i ( 8 + 8i) | = 4.47
36. Rewrite as 12y = x2 6x 51
y = x2/12 6x/12 51/12
Latus Rectum is the reciprocal of the coefficient of x 2
= 12.

37.

( 6 + y)2 = (10-x)2 + (12-y)2

36 + 12y + y2 = 100 20x + x2 + 144 24y + y2
x2 20x 36y + 208 = 0
38.
ENTER: MODE 3 3
X Y
1 1
2 2
-1 5
A = 2 B = -2 C = 1
The equation is Y = 2 2x + x2
39.
Length of the latus rectum is reciprocal of coefficient
of x2 = 1.
40. Y = x2 2x + 2

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 A = 1 B = -2
-B/(2A) = 1
Let x = 1
x2 2x + 2 = 1
Vertex ( 1,1)
41. ENTER: MODE 3 3
X Y
4 5
-2 11
-4 21
A = 5 B = -2 C = 1/2
X = 5 2y + 1/2y2
42. Length of Latus Rectum = reciprocal of coefficient of y2
= 1/(1/2) = 2
43.
A B
X = 1/2y2 2y + 5
A = 1/2 B = - 2
-B/(2A) = 2
Let y = 2
1/2y2 2y + 5 = 3
The b vertex is at ( 3, 2)
The parabola opens to the right.
Length of Latus Rectum = 4a = 2 , a = 1/2
Directrix: x = 3 a = 3 - 1/2
x = 2.5 or 2x 5 = 0

PROBLEM SET 15
ELLIPSE AND HYPERBOLA
CE BOARD Nov 2006
The equation of the ellipse is
16x2 + 25y2 -128x -150y + 381 = 0
1. Find the coordinates of the center of the ellipse.

Page 248
 a. ( 3, 5) b. (4,3)
c. ( -2,-3) d. ( 3, -2)
2. Find the length of the minor axis.
a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 5
3. Find the distance between the foci.
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
4. PAST CE BOARD Compute the length of the latus rectum of the
ellipse x2 + 2y2 + 4x + 4y + 4 = 0
a. 2.21 b. 1.41
c. 1.21 d. 1.31
5. PAST CE BOARD
Find the ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of the ellipse 9x 2 +
16y2 = 144
a. 4/3 c. 1/2
c. 3/8 d. 3/4
PAST CE BOARD PROBLEMS 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Given the ellipse 4x2 + 9y2 64x + 54y + 301 = 0
6. Determine the center
a. (8,1) b. (8,-3)
c. (4,1) d. (3,7)
7. Determine the length of the major axis
a. 2 b. 3
c. 2 d. 4
8. Determine the length of the latus rectum.
a. 4/3 b. 8/3
c. 10/3 d. 13/3
9. The eccentricity is
a. 0.745 b. 0.671
c. 0.867 d. 0.541
10. One of the directrix is
a. x = 13.11 b. x = 12.02
c. x = 9.01 d. x = 7.21
11. Find the area
a. 18.85 b. 19.1

Page 249
 c. 11.34 d. 17.21
12. Find the circumference
a. 16.02 b. 12.23
c. 11.22 d. 14.11
13. The perimeter of an ellipse is 28.448 cm. The major axis is 10 cm
long and lies on the x axis with its center on the origin. Determine the
equation of the ellipse. PAST CE BOARD.
a. 16x2 + 25y2 = 400 b. 25x2 + 16y2 = 400
c. 32x2 + 25y2 = 600 d. 25x2 + 32y2 = 600
The equation of the ellipse is given by 16x2 + 36y2 = 576
CE BOARD Nov 2004 Problems 14, 15, 16
14. Compute the equation of the polar of the point (4,-6) with respect
to the ellipse.
a. 6x 27y = 72 b. 6x + 27y = 72
c. 3x 27y = 72 d. 6x 3y = 72
15. Find the second eccentricity.
a. 1.221 b. 1.118
c. 1.311 d. 1.411
16. Find the length of the diameter of the ellipse
x2 + 3y2 + 2x 6y = 0 which has a slope of 1
a. 1.45 b. 2.83
c. 1.55 d. 1.44
17. Find the distance between the vertices of the ellipse having the
equation 64x2 + 25y2 + 768x -200y + 1104 = 0
CE BOARD MAY 2002
a. 8 b. 12
c. 14 d. 16
18. What is the eccentricity of the curve 9x2 + 25y2 -144x + 200y +
751 = 0 ?
a. 0.6 b.0.7
c. 0.8 d. 0.9
Given the hyperbola 9x2 4y2 36x + 8y 4 = 0.
Problems 19, 20, 21, 22
19. Locate the center.
a. (2,-1) b. (2,1)
c. ( 2,-2) d. ( 4, -1)

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20. Find the eccentricity
a. 1.08 b. 1.11
c. 1.22 d. 1.80
21. Find the latus rectum.
a. 9 b. 12
c. 14 d. 15
22. One of the vertices is at
a. (0,1) b. ( -1,0)
c. ( -1,-1) d. ( 2, 0)
2 2
Given the hyperbola 9x -16y + 18x + 64y - 19 = 0
Problems 23, 24, 25, 26
23. Find the center.
a. ( 1,3) b. (-1,2)
c.( 3, 1) d. (1,4)
24. The eccentricity is
a. 1.338 b.1.231
c. 1.411 d. 1.111
25. One of the asymptotes
a. 8y + 10x + 25 = 0 b. 8y 4x + 25 = 0
c. 8y 9x 25 = 0 d. 9x + 8y 24 = 0

26. The latus rectum is

a. 1.22 b. 2.37
c. 2.11 d. 4.11
27. Find the equation of the locus of a point which moves so that its
distance from the point (2,0) is 2/3 of its distance from the line y = 5.
a. 9x2 + 5y2 - 36x + 40y 64 = 0
b. 9x2 + 5y2 - 16x + 40y 64 = 0
c. 9x2 + 2y2 - 36x + 40y 64 = 0
d. 9x2 + 5y2 - 36x - 40y 64 = 0
28. Find the equation of the locus of points which moves so that its
distance from the point (4,2) is twice its distance from the line x = 1.
a. 3x2 y2 + 4y 16 = 0
b. 3x2 2y2 + 4y 16 = 0
c. 3x2 y2 + 3y 16 = 0

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d. 3x2 y2 + 4y 12 = 0
29. What is the area of 9x2 + 25y2 225 = 0 ?
PAST CE BOARD
a. 47.1 b. 50.2
c. 63.8 d. 72.3
30. Point P(x,y) moves with a distance from point (0,1) one-half of its
distance from the line y = 4. The equation of its locus is (PAST ECE
BOARD)
a. 2x2 4y2 = 5 b. 4x2 + 3y2 = 12
c. 2x2 + 5y3 = 3 d. x2 + 2y2 = 4
A hyperbola has the equation x2 -8x 4y2 + 64y = 256
Problems 31, 32, 33 CE BOARD NOV 2007
31. Determine the center
a. ( 4,8) b. ( 4, -3)
c. ( 3,3) d. (-4,8)
32. The distance between the foci.
a. 8.944 b. 6.112
c 3.444 d. 9.112
33. The distance between the vertices.
a. 4 b. 6
c. 12 d. 8
Answers.
1.
A A B B
2 2
16x + 25y -128x -150y + 381 = 0
A = 16 B = -128
-B/(2A) = 4
A = 25 B = -150
2. Let x = 4 and y = 3
16x2 + 25y2 -128x -150y + 381 = -100
a2 = 100/16 a = 5/2
b2 = 100/25 b = 2
Length of minor axis = 2b = 2(2) = 4
3. a2 = b2 + c2
(5/2)2 = 22 + c2
c = 3/2

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 distance between foci = 2c = 2(3/2) = 3
4.
A A B B
x2 + 2y2 + 4x + 4y + 4 = 0
A=1 B= 4
-B/(2A) = -2
A=2 B=4
-B/(2A) = -1
Center is at ( -2, -1)
X = -2 Y = -1
x2 + 2y2 + 4x + 4y + 4 = -2
a2 = 2/1 a = 2
b2 = 2/2 b2 = 1
Latus RECTUM = 2b2/a = 2(1)/2 = 1.414
5. a2 = 144/9 a = 4
b2 = 144/16 b = 3
b/a = 3/4
6.
A A B B
4x + 9y 64x + 54y + 301
2 2

A = 4 B = -64
-B/(2A) = 8
A = 9 B = 54
-B/(2A) = -3
Center is at ( 8, -3)
7. X = 8 Y = - 3
4x2 + 9y2 64x + 54y + 301 = -36
a2 = 36/4 a = 3
b2 = 36/9 b = 2
major axis = 2a = 2(3) = 6
8. Latus Rectum = 2b2/a = 2(2)2/ 3 = 8/3
9. a2 = b2 + c2
32 = 22 + c2
c = 5
e = c/a = 5/ 3 = 0.745
10. d= a/e = 3/( 5/ 3 ) = 9/5

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 The directrices are x = 8 + 9/5 and x = 8 - 9/5
x = 12.02
11. Area = ab = (3)(2) = 6
a2 b2
12. C = 2
2
a= 3 b = 2
C = 16.02
a2 b2
13. C = 2
2
C = 28.448 2a = 10 a = 5 , b = 4
Equation:
x2/a2 + y2/b2 = 1
x2/52 + y2/42 = 1
16x2 + 25y2 = 400
14.
replace x2 by xx1 and y2 by yy1 where (x1, y1) =(4, -6).
16xx1 + 36yy1 = 576
16x(4) + 36y(-6) = 576
6x 27y = 72
15.
a2 = 576/16 a = 6
b2 = 576/36 b = 4
a2 = b2 + c2 c = 25
second eccentricity = c/b = 25 / 4 = 1.118
16.
A A B B
x2 + 3y2 + 2x 6y = 0
A=1 B=2
-B/(2A) = -1
A=3 B=-6
-B/(2A) = 1
Center is at ( -1,1)
Equation of the line: slope = 1
Y= A + Bx

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1 = A + 1(-1)
A= 2
Y=2+ X
Substitute this in x2 + 3y2 + 2x 6y = 0
x2 + 3( 2 + x)2 + 2x 6 (2+x) = 0
x =0 ,y=2
Distance from (0,2) to ( -1,1 ) is
| 0 + 2i ( -1 + i) | = 2
Diameter = 22 = 2.828
17.
A A B B
64x2 + 25y2 + 768x -200y + 1104 = 0
A = 64 B = 768
-B/(2A) = -6
A = 25 B = -200
-B/(2A) = 4
Center is at ( -6,4)
Let X = -6 , Y = 4
64x2 + 25y2 + 768x -200y + 1104 = -1600
a2 = 1600/25 a = 8
b2 = 1600/64 b = 5
Distance between vertices is 2a = 16.
18.
A A B B
9x2 + 25y2 -144x + 200y + 751 = 0 ?
A = 9 B = -144
-B/(2A) = 8
A = 25 B = 200
-B/(2A) = -4
Center is at ( 8, -4)
Let x = 8 , y = - 4
9x2 + 25y2 -144x + 200y + 751 = -225
a2 = 225/9 a = 5
b2 = 225/25 b = 3
a2 = b2 + c2 c=4
e = c/a = 4/5 = 0.8

Page 255
19.
A A B B
9x 4y 36x + 8y 4 = 0
2 2

A = 9 B = - 36
-B/(2A) = 2
A = -4 B=8
-B/(2A) = 1
Center is at ( 2,1)
20.
Let X = 2 Y = 1
9x2 4y2 36x + 8y 4 = -36
a2 = 36/9 a = 2
b2 = 36/4 b = 3
c2 = a2 + b2
= 22 + 32
c = 13
e = 13 /2 = 1.803
21. Latus Rectum = 2b2/a = 2(32)/2 = 9
22. The vertices are at ( 2 + a, 1) and ( 2 a, 1)
or ( 4,1) and ( 0, 1)
23.
A A B B
9x2 -16y2 + 18x + 64y -19 = 0
A = 9 B = 18
-B/(2A) = -1
A = -16 B = 64
-B/(2A) = 2
The center is at ( -1,2)
24.
LET x = -1 y = 2
9x2 -16y2 + 18x + 64y -19 = 36
(If the right side is positive , the hyperbola is vertical)
a2 = 36/16 (coefficient of y) a = 3/2
b2 = 36/9 b = 4/3
2 2
c =a + b 2 c2 = (3/2)2 + (4/3)2
c = 145 /16

Page 256
e = c/a = (145 /16)/ (3/2) = 1.338
25.
y k = a / b ( x h)
Note: the hyperbola is vertical
y 2 = (3/2)/(4/3) ( x + 1)
y 2 = 9/8( x + 1)
8y -16 = 9x + 9 (+ part)
8y -9x 25 = 0
26. Latus rectum = 2b2/a
= 2(4/3)2/(3/2) = 2.37
27. Let us use trial and error.
Get a point from the 1st choice
9x2 + 5y2 - 36x + 40y 64 = 0
when x = 0 5y2 + 40y 64 = 0 , y= 1.366, -9.367
The point is ( 0, 1.366)
distance of (2,0) and (0, 1.366) =
| 2 + 0i ( 0 + 1.3666i) = 2.422
Distance from ( 0, 1.366) to y = 5 is
5 1.366 = 3.634
Is 2.422 = 2/3(3.634) ? Yes!
The answer is 9x + 5y - 36x + 40y 64 = 0
2 2

28. We use trial and error. Let us use the 1st choice.
3x2 y2 + 4y 16 = 0
When x = 0
-y2 + 4y 16 = 0 y are imaginary ( not possible)
When y = 0 , 3x2 16 = 0 x = 2.309, -2.309
The point is ( 2.309, 0)
Distance of ( 2.309, 0) to ( 4,2)
= | 2.309 + 0i ( 4 + 2i) | = 2.619
Distance of (2.309, 0) to x = 1 is 2.309 1 = 1.309
Is 2.619 = 2(1.309) ? Yes!
Answer is 3x2 y2 + 4y 16 = 0
29. b2 = 225/25 b = 3
a2 = 225/9 a = 5
Area = ab = (5)(3) = 47.1
30. Let us get a point from 2x2 4y2 = 5

Page 257
 When y = 0 , x = 1.581 or 1.581
A point is ( 1.581, 0 )
Distance from ( 1.581, 0) to ( 0, 1) is
| 1.581 + 0i ( 0 + 1i)| = 1.871
Distance of (1.581, 0) to y = 4 is 4
Is 1.871 = 1/2 (4) Wrong!
Let us use 4x2 + 3y2 = 12
If y = 0 , x = 3 , -3
A point is ( 3 , 0 )
Distance of (3 , 0) to (0,1) is
| 3 + 0i - ( 0 + 1i) | = 2
Distance of(3, 0) to line y = 4 is 4
Is 2 = 1/2(4) ? Yes.
Ans. b. 4x2 + 3y2 = 12
31.
A B A B
x2 -8x 4y2 + 64y = 256
B = -8 A = 1
-B/(2A) = 4
A = -4 B = 64
-B/(2A) = 8
Center is at (4,8)
32.
Let X = 4 , Y = 8
x2 -8x 4y2 + 64y - 256 = -16
a2 = 16/1 a = 4
b2 = 64/16 b = 2
c2 = a2 + b2
c = 25
Distance between foci = 2c = 45 = 8.944
33. Distance between vetices = 2a = 2(4) = 8
PROBLEM SET 16
(ROTATION OF AXES/ LINES TANGENT TO CONICS)
For a curve Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
To remove the xy term: rotate the axes by

Page 258
where tan 2 B and apply the coordinate transformation :
A C
x = x cos - ysin
y = x sin + ycos
For the hyperbola xy = 8 CE BOARD May 2005
Problems 1, 2, 3
1. Determine the distance between the vertices
a. 4 b. 6
c. 8 d. 12
2. Compute the length of the conjugate axes.
a. 2 b. 4
c. 6 d. 8
3. Compute the eccentricity
a. 1.23 b. 1.66
c. 1.41 d. 1.52
4. Given the conic 24xy 7y = 144 , what is the eccentricity?
2

a. 3/5 b. 4/5
c. 5/4 d. 7/4
5. Given the conic 13x2 + 10xy + 13y2 + 6x -42y -27 = 0
Locate the center.
a. ( 1,-1) b. (-1,2)
c. ( 2,1) d. (-3,1)
6. Find the equation of the line tangent to the hyperbola 4xy + y2 6y
= 15 at the point (2,3)
a. 3x + 2y = 12 b. 4x 3y = 1
c. 3x 3y = 5 d. 5x + 4y = 2
7. Find the equation of the line tangent to
x2 6xy + 9y2 4x + 7 = 0 at (2,1)
a. 2x + y = 5 b. 3x + 2y = 7
c. x y = 1 d. x -3y = 4
8. Find the equation of the line tangent to the conic
4x2 5xy + 2y2 + 3x 2y = 0 and passes trough point (2,3).
a. x y + 1 = 0 b. x + y - 5 = 0
c. 2x + 3y - 7 = 0 d. 3x + 4y + 1 = 0
9. Find the equation of the tangent line to the conic
3x2 3xy + 4x + y 3 = 0 at (-1,1).

Page 259
 a. 3x 4y + 3 = 0 b. 5x 4y + 9 = 0
c. 3x + 5y - 2 = 0 d. 3x + 2y -5 = 0
10. Find the equation of the tangent line to the conic
5y2 + 4x 2y 3 = 0 at the point (2,0).
a. x + 2y = 2 b. 3x + y = 1
c. 2x y =1 d. 4x + y = 8
11. Find the area of the ellipse 5x2 4xy + 8y2 36 = 0
a. 4 b. 3 c. 6 d. 8
12- 13 14 - 15
Given 4x2 24xy + 11y2 24x + 32y + 40 = 0
12. The equation is
a.ellipse b. parabola c. hyperbola c. circle
13. The slope of the rotated x axis is
a. 1/2 b. 3/4 c. 2/3 d. 6/7

14. The eccentricity of the conic is

a. 1.414 b. 2.828 c. 2.236 d. 3.000
15. The coordinate of the vertex of x y 1?
a. ( 1/4, 1/4) b. ( 0 , 1 ) c. ( 1, 0) d. ( 1/16, 9/16)

Solutiion:
1. tan 2 1 2 = 900 = 450
00
cos = 1/2 sin = 1/2

x = x cos - ysin
y = x sin + ycos
x = x (1/2) - y(1/2) = 1/2 ( x y )
y = x( 1/2) + y(1/2) = 1/2 ( x + y)
xy = 8
[1/2 ( x y )][ 1/2 ( x + y )] = 8
1/2 ( x2 y2 ) = 8
x2 y2 = 16
x2/42 - y2/42 = 1 a=4 b = 4
Distance between vertices = 2a = 2(4) = 8

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CAL TECHNIQUE:
Get a point from xy = 8. When x = 1, y = 8
Pol( 1,8) r = 8.062257 = 82.874
This is stored into ( X,Y)
ENTER: Rec( X, Y 45)
Then ENTER: X2 Y2
Result: X2 Y2 = 16
Then: X2/42 Y2/42 = 1 a = 4 , b = 4
2. Length of the conjugate axes = 2a = 8
3. c2 = a2 + b2
c2 = 42 + 42 c = 4 2
e = c/a = (42)/4 = 1.414
4. tan 2 B
A C
24 24
tan 2
0 ( 7) 7
= tan-1 (24/7) /2 Store this to X, then get cos X and sin X.
cos = 4/5 sin = 3/5
Transfomation:
x = x cos - y sin
= x( 4/5) y (3/5)
= 1/5( 4x 3y)
y = xsin + y cos
= x (3/5) + y(4/5)
= 1/5( 3x + 4y)
24xy 7y2 = 144
24(1/25)( 4x 3y)(3x + 4y ) 7(1/5)2 ( 3x + 4y)2 = 144
24( 12x2 + 7xy- 12y2 ) 7(9x2 + 24xy + 16y2) = 3600
225x2 -400y2 = 3600
x2 / 42 - y2/ 32 = 1
a=4 b= 3
c 2 = a 2 + b2
= 42 + 32
c=5 e = c/a = 5/4
CAL TECHNIQUE:
= 1/2 tan-1 ( 24/7) Store to A

Page 261
A = 0 B = 24 C = - 7
B2 4AC = 242 4(0)(-7) > 0 Hyperbola
We are expecting x2/a2 y2/b2 = 1
Get 2 points from 24xy 7y2 = 144
If y = 1 24x(1) 7(1)2 = 144 x = 151/24
If y = 2 24x(2) 7(2)2 = 144 x = 43/12
Enter: Pol( 151/24,1) Then Rec( X, Y-A)
Result: x = 5.6333 and y = -2.975
ENTER: Pol( 43/12,2) Then Rec( X, Y-A)
Result: x = 4.06667 and y = -0.55
These Points must satisfy
x2/a2 y2/b2 = 1
5.63332/a2 ( -2.975)2/b2 = 1
4.066672/a2 (-0.55)2/b2 = 1 USE MODE 5 1
1/a2 = 0.0624 1/b2 = 0.1111
a=4 b= 3
The equation is x2/42 y2/32 = 1
5.
A = 13 B = 10 C = 13
tan 2 = B/( A C) = 10/( 13 13)
2 = 900
= 450
cos = 1/2 sin = 1/2
x = x (1/2) - y(1/2) = 1/2 ( x y )
y = x( 1/2) + y(1/2) = 1/2 ( x + y)
13/2 [( x y )]2 + 10/2 ( x + y)(x y) ] + 13/2( x + y)2
+ 6/2 ( x y) 42/2 ( x + y) 27 = 0
6.5 ( x2 2xy + y2 ) + 5( x2 y2) + 6.5( x2 + 2xy + y2)
+ 32 ( x y ) - 212 ( x + y) 27 = 0
18x2 + 8y2 -182 x - 242 y 2 7= 0
The conic is an ellipse.
Center from the new axes.
A A B B
18x2 + 8y2 -182 x - 182 y 2 7= 0
A = 18 B = -182
-B/(2A) = 2 /2

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A =8 B = - 242
-B/(2A) = 32 / 2
The point from the new axes is
( 2 / 2, 32 / 2 ) = (x, y)
But: x = 1/2 ( x y )
= 1/2 (2 /2 - 32 / 2 ) = -1
y = 1/2 ( x + y )
= 1/2 (2 /2 + 32 / 2 ) = 2
Ans. ( -1, 2)
6. Test if x = 2 and y = 3 is in the conic.
Substitute x = 2 and y = 3 in 4xy + y2 6y
4xy + y2 6y = 15 (ok)
For these problems: Replace x2 by xx1 , y2 by yy1,
xy by 1/2 ( x1y + y1x ) , x by 1/2 ( x + x1) and
y by 1/2 ( y + y1) or
Replace x2 by 2x , y2 by 3y , xy by1/2(2y + 3x),
x by 1/2 (x + 2) , y by 1/2(y + 3)
4/2(2y +3x) + 3y 6/2 ( y + 3) = 15
4y + 6x = 24 or 2y + 3x = 12 Ans.
7. Is the point (2,1) in the conic?
Let x =2 , y= 1
x2 6xy + 9y2 4x + 7 = 0 (YES)
Replace x2 by 2x , y2 by 1y , xy by 1/2 ( 2y + 1x),
x by 1/2( x + 2) and y by 1/2 ( y + 1).
2x 3( 2y + x) + 9(y) 2( x + 2) + 1 = 0
-3x + 3y + 1 = 0
xy1=0
8.
Test if the point 2,3 is on the conic.
x=2, y=3
4x2 5xy + 2y2 + 3x 2y = 4
( 2,3 ) is not in the conic.
Get the equation of the polar to the curve or the chord of contact.
Replace x2 by 2x , y2 by 3y , xy by 1/2(3x + 2y)
x by 1/2( x + 2) and y by 1/2( y + 3)
4(2x) -5/2( 3x + 2y) + 2(3y) + 3/2 ( x + 2) 2/2 ( y +3) = 4

Page 263
2x 7.5x 5y + 6y + 1.5x + 3 y 3 = 4
x = 0 (This is the chord of contact)
The intersection of 4x2 5xy + 2y2 + 3x 2y = 0
and x = 0
2y2 2y = 0
y = 0 and y = 1
or ( 0,0) and ( 0,1).
There are 2 tangent lines.
(0,0) and (2,3)
m = 3/2 y = 3/2x
(0,1) and (2,3)
m =( 3 - 1) / ( 2 0)
m = 1: Equation : y - 1 = 1( x - 0)
or x y + 1 = 0
For (0,-1) and ( 2,3) m = 2/4 = 1/2
y (-1) = 1/2( x 0) or y = 2 + 1/2x
9.
Check if the point (-1,1) is on the conic.
x = -1, y = 1
3x2 3xy + 4x + y 3 = 0 (OK)
Replace x2 by x
y2 by y
xy by 1/2 ( x(1) + y(-1) )
x by 1/2 ( x -1)
y by 1/2( y + 1)
3(-x) 3/2 ( x y) + 4/2 ( x -1) + 1/2( y +1) 3 = 0
-3x 1.5x + 2x + 1.5y 2 + 0.5y + 0.5 3 = 0
-2.5x + 2y -4.5 = 0
5x -4y + 9 = 0
10.
Check if the point (2,0) is on the conic.
x = 2, y = 0
5y2 + 4x 2y 3 = 5
( 2, 0) is not on the conic.
Get the equation of the polar or the chord of contact.
Replace y2 by 0y , x by 1/2 ( x + 2) , y by 1/2 ( y + 0)

Page 264
0 + 2( x + 2) y 3 = 0
2x + 4 y 3 = 0
2x y = -1
y = 2x + 1
Substitute this in
5y2 + 4x 2y 3 = 0
5(2x + 1)2 + 4x 2(2x + 1) 3 = 0
5( 4x2 + 4x + 1) + 4x 4x 2 3 = 0
20x2 + 20x = 0
x = 0 and x = -1
If x = 0, y = 1 ( 0,1)
If x = -1 , y = -1 ( -1,-1)
Equation of the tangent line
(0,1) , ( 2, 0) m = - 1/2
y - 0 = -1/2 ( X 2)
-2Y = X 2
X + 2Y = 2 Ans.
The other tangent line:
x 3y = 2 from ( 2,3) and (-1,-1)
11. Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
STORE the following values in the calculator.
A = 5 B = -4 C = 8 D = 0 E = 0 F = -36
B2 4AC = -144 < 0 ELLIPSE
M = ( C A )/ B and M2 + ( M2 + 1 )1/2 = 1/2 ( slope of the
rotated x axis ) and -2 /1 is the slope of the rotated y axis.
Compute
Points on the rotated x and y axes are :
( x1, y1 ) = ( 2, 1 ) and ( x2 , y2 ) = ( -1, 2 )
Ax1 Bx1y 1 Cy 1 Ax 2 Bx 2 y 2 Cy 2
2 2 2 2
= 4 = 9
x1 y 1 x2 y 2
2 2 2 2

The equation with no xy term is Ax2 + By2 = 36

4x2 + 9y2 = 36 or x2 / 32 + y2 /22 = 1
Area = ab = (3)(2) = 6

12 13 14

Page 265
STORE:
A=4 B = -24 C = 11 D = -24 E = 32 F = 40
B 4AC = 400 > 0 ( hyperbola )
2

Compute Ax2 + B y2 + Cx + Dy + F = 0
CA
M M M 2 1 = 3/4 ( SLOPE of the rotated x axis )
B
( -4/3 is the slope of the rotated y axis )
(x1 , y1 ) = ( 4, 3 ) (x2, y2 ) = ( -3 , 4 )

A = Ax1 Bx1y 1 Cy 1 = -5
2 2

x1 y 1
2 2

B = Ax 2 Bx 2 y 2 Cy 2
2 2
= 20
x2 y 2
2 2

C = Dx1 Ey 1 = 0 D = Dx 2 Ey 2 = 40
x y
2 2
x2 y 2
2 2
1 1

The equation is - + 5x2 20y2

+ 40y + 40 = 0
-5x2 + 20( y2 + 2y + 1 ) = - 40 + 20
-5x2 + 20( y + 1 )2 = - 20
( y + 1)2 / 12 - x2/ 22 = 1

a=1 b = 2 c a2 b2 = 5
and e = c/a = 5 = 2.236
15. y = 1 - x
y = ( 1 - x )2 = 1 - 2x + x
2x = 1 + x y
4x = ( 1 + x - y)2
4x = 1 + x2 + y2 + 2x - 2xy 2y
x2 2xy + y2 2x - 2y + 1 = 0
A =1 B = -2 C = 1 D = -2 E = -2 F = 1
B2 4AC = 0 (PARABOLA )
M = ( C A)/B M M2 1 1
( slope of the rotated x axis)
(x1, y1) = ( 1, 1 ) is the point on the rotated x axis.
( x2, y2 ) = ( -1 , 1) is the point on the rotated y axis.

Page 266
 Ax1 Bx1y1 Cy 1
2 2

A' 0
x1 y1
2 2

Ax 2 Bx 2 y 2 Cy 2 = 2
2 2

B'
x2 y 2
2 2

C = Dx1 Ey 1 = -22
x y
2 2
1 1

D = Dx 2 Ey 2 =0
x2 y 2
2 2

Equation of the parabola:

0x2 + 2y2 - 22 x + 0y + 1 = 0
y2 - 2 x + 1/2 = 0
y2 = 2 ( x 1 )
2 2
V( 1 , 0) in the rotated x, y axes
2 2
Since it is rotated 450 ( slope is 1 )
1 cos 450 = 1/4 1
x = y = sin 45 = 1/4
2 2 2 2
(x,y) = ( 1/4, 1/4)

PROBLEM SET 17
SOLID ANALYTIC GEOMETRY
1. Find the distance between A ( 3,4, -6) and B ( 4, 5, -7) .
PAST CE BOARD
a. 1.234 b. 1.732
c. 1.812 d. 2.112
2. Find the distance between the points A( 4, 8, -1) and B ( 9, 1, 2)?
a. 8.22 b. 9.11
c. 10.12 d. 11.22

3. The distance between the points A( 2, 10, 4) and B ( 8, 3, z) is

9.434. What is thevalue of z
a. 5 b. 6
c. 1 d. 9
Page 267
4. PAST CE BOARD
If DE = 5.745 cm and the coordinates of D are (2,5,4) and (x, 3,6)
respectively. What is the value of x ?
a. 7 b. 9
c. 4 d. 8
5. Find the distance from the plane 7x 6y + 6z + 8 = 0 and the point
( 3, 2, -1).
a. 2 b. 1
c. 3 d. 4
6. Two faces of a cube lie in the planes 2x y + 2z 3= 0 and 6x
3y + 6z + 8 = 0 . Find the volume of the cube.
a. 4411/125 b. 4913/729
c. 245/343 d. 111/71
7. What is the radius of the sphere
x2 + y2 + z2 + 8x 2y + 1 = 0? PAST CE BOARD
a. 5 b. 4
c. 2 d. 3
8. What is the volume of the sphere whose equation is
4x2 + 7x + 4y2 3y + 4z2 + 2z -8 = 0 ?
a. 21.426 b. 23.451
c. 28.221 d. 29.332
Problems 9, 10
Given the points A( 2, 1, -3) , B( -8, 1, 4) and C( 3, -1,6).
9. Find the equation of the plane determined by the points A, B and C.
A(2,1,-3) , B(-8,1,4), C(3,-1,6)
a. 14x + 97y + 20z 65 = 0 b. 12x + 97y + 20z 65 = 0
c. 14x + 92y + 20z 65 = 0 d. 11x + 97y + 23z 65 = 0
10. Find the area of the triangle ABC.
a. 75.03 b. 50.01
c. 34.11 d. 78.08
Given the points A( 5, -2,7) and B( 3, 2, 8)
Problems 11, 12, 13, 14
11. The parametric equation of AB is
a. x = 3 2t , y = 2 + 4t , z = 8 + t
b. x = 4 -4t, y = 7 + 2t, z = 12 4t
c. x = 3 2t, y = 12 -3t, z = 11 + 2t

Page 268
d. x = 4 + 2t, y = 11 + 2t, z = -19 + 3t
12. The point where AB pierces the xy plane is
a. ( 15, -23, 0) b. ( 19, -30, 0)
c. (12, 21, 0) d. ( -11,23, 0)
13. The direction number of AB is
a. < - 2 4 1 > b. < 2 1 7 >
c. < 1 2 3> d. < 8 1 -1 >
14. The direction cosine of AB is
a. < -0.436 0.8728 0.2182 >
b. < -0.476 0.8912 0.2456 >
c. < 0.436 0.8999 0.2188 >
d. < -0.496 0.8798 0.2182 >

15. Find the distance between the lines

x y z 6 and x 7 y z 1

6 2 1 6 2 1
a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 5
16. Find the angles between between the lines whose direction
numbers are < 1 2 2 > and < 3 4 -12 >
a. 178.10 b. 121.10
c. 111.1 0 d. 109.470
17. Find the distance between the lines
x y z6 x y z
and
1 2 3 3 2 1
a. 3.112 b. 2.449
c. 4.112 d. 1.441
18. A point has a coordinate ( 2, 3, -6). Find the angle tat the line
joining the point and the origin makes with the z axis.
a. 1490 b. 1110
c. 122 0 d. 1040
19. Find the area of the triangle that the coordinate planes cut from
the plane x + 4y + 8z = 16.
a. 12 b. 24

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 c. 36 d. 48
20. From problem 19. Find the volume of the tetrahedron formed.
a. 22.33 b. 21.33
c. 11.22 d. 18.22
21. Find the angle between the planes 2x y 2z + 5 = 0 and 4x +
8y + z 3 = 0. CE BOARD MAY 2010
a. 85.750 b. 81.230 c. 67.210 d. 31.230
22. A parametric equation of the line
5x 2y + 3z 13 = 0 , 3x y + z 7 = 0 is
a. x = 1 + t, y = -4 + 4t , z = t
b. x = 1 t , y = -4 + 3t , z = 2t
c. x = 2 + t , y = -3 5t, z = t
d. x = 1 -2t, y = 3 + 4t, z = 2t

23. Find the equation of the plane which is perpendicular to the plane
x + 3y + 2z + 7 = 0 and which passes trough R(0,1,2) and S(-2, -1,
1).
a. 3x y + z = 1 b. 2x + y 3z = -5
c. x 3y + 4z = 5 d. 3x + 4y + z = 4
24. Find the equation of the plane which is tangent to the sphere x 2 +
y2 + z2 10x + 4y 6z 187 = 0 at the point ( -9, 3, 1).
a. 13x + 2y 4z =-115 b. -14x + 5y 2z = 139
c. 12x + 5y + z = -92 d. 2x + 5y 8z = 21
25-26-27
Given A( 3,2, -5), B( 2, -3, 8).
25. A point C is selected between AB such that AC = 3/5 AB, Find
the cooodinate of C.
a. ( 23/5, 1/5, -2/5) b. ( 21/5, 1/5, -1/5)
c. ( 3/5, -14/5, 23/5) d. ( 12/5 c -1 2.8 )

26. AB is extended to C such that AC = 5AB, find the coordinate of

C.
a. ( -3 21 73) b. ( - 3 -28 73 )
c. ( 2 1 - 5 ) d. ( 1 , 5, - 21 )

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27. Find the distance between line AB and C( 4, 7, 12).
a. 8.62 b. 4.45 c. 3.44 d. 11.22

28-29-30
Given the planes 4x + 7y 3z = 21 and 3x + 3y 7z = 2.

28. Find the parametric equation of the intersection of the planes.

a. x = -49/9 20t, y = 55/9t + 38t, z = - 9t

b. x = 31/3 + 40t , y = 21/6 21t, z = 21t
c. x = 9 2t, y = 21 4/3t , z = 1 + 2t
d. x = -49/9 40t, y = 55/9 + 19t, z = -9t

29. Find the coordinate where this line intersect the xy plane.
a. ( -21.9, 12/7) b. ( -49/9, 55/9)
c. ( 31/9, 21/9) d. ( 43,9, 21/9)

30. Find the angle that this line makes with the z xis.
a. 106.70 b. 101.50 c. 111.210 d. 89.210
Answers/ Solution
1. Input VctA = < 3 4 -6 > VctB = < 4 5 -7>
Abs( VctA VctB ) = 1.732
2. Vct A = < 4 8 -1> Vct B = < 9 1 2 >
abs(Vct VctB ) = 9.11
3. Let Vct A = < 2 10 4 >
Use Trial and Error: Let Vct B = < 8 3 6 >
Abs(VctA VctB) = 9.434 Ans. z = 6
4. Use trial and error.
Let VctA = < 2 5 4 >
VctB = < 7 3 6 >
Abs(VctA VctB ) = 5.74456
Ans. x = 7
5. d Ax1 By 1 Cz1 D
A2 B 2 C 2
A = 7 B = -6 C = 6 D = 8
x1 = 3 , y1 = 2 , z1 = -1

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 d= 1
6. Get a point on one of the plane and get the distance from this point
to the other plane. This will be the side of the cube.
2x y + 2z 3= 0 , Let x = 0, y = 0 ,
then 2z -3 = 0, z = 3/2
The point is ( 0,0, 3/2)
Ax1 By 1 Cz1 D
d
A2 B 2 C 2
(x1, y1, z1) = (0, 0, 3/2)
A = 6 B = -3 C = 6 and D = 8
d= 17/9
V = d3 = 4913/729
7. A A A B B
x2 + y2 + z2 + 8x 2y + 1 = 0
A=1 B=8
-B/(2A) = -4
A = 1 B = -2
-B/(2A) = 1
So the center is at ( -4, 1, 0)
Substitute x = -4, y = 1 and z = 0
x2 + y2 + z2 + 8x 2y + 1 = -16
radius = 16 = 4
8.
A B A B A B
4x2 + 7x + 4y2 3y + 4z2 + 2z - 8 = 0
A=4 B=7
-B/(2A) = -7/8
A = 4 B = -3
-B/(2A) = 3/8
A=4 B=2
-B/(2A) = -1/4
The center is at ( -7/8, 3/8, -1/4)
Let x = -7/8 y = 3/8 z = -1/4
4x2 + 7x + 4y2 3y + 4z2 + 2z - 8 = -95/8

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 95 / 8 r = 1.723
r
4
V = 4/3 r3 = 21.426 cubic units
9. Let VctA = < 2 1 -3 >
VctB = < -8 1 4>
VctC = < 3 -1 6>
The direction number of the plane is
(VctA - VctB) x (VctA Vct C) = < 14 97 20 >
The equation of the plane is Ax + By + Cz + D = 0
14x + 97y + 20z + D = 0
Substitute a point say x = 2, y = 1 and z = - 3
then D = -65
The equation of the plane is
14x + 97y + 20z 65 = 0

10. Area of the triangle is

0.5 Abs ((VctA - VctB) x (VctA Vct C) )
= 50.01 sq units
11. Direction Number of line AB = ( 3 5 2 + 2 8 7 )
= ( -2 4 1 )
Parametric Equation of line AB is :
x = 3 - 2t y = 2 + 4t z = 8 + t Ans. (a)
12. From the parametric equation: z = 0
0= 7 + t , t = - 8
Thus: x = 3 2(-8) = 19
and y = 2 + 4(-8) = -30
Answer: (19, -30, 0) Ans. (b)
13. Direction Number AB = < -2 4 1 >
14. Let Vct A = < -2 4 1 >
Direction Cosine of AB
= VctA Abs(VctA) = < -0.436 0.8728 0.2182 >
15.
Direction Number of Both lines = < 6 - 2 1 >
A point from the first line is ( 0, 0, 6)
A point from the second line is ( 7 , -0, -1 )

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Let A = < 7 0 -1 > and B = < 6 -2 1 >
A x B = ABsin
Asin = (A x B) B = distance
VctA = < 7 0 -1 > and Vct B = < 6 -2 1 >
d = abs [( Vct A x Vct B ) abs (VctB ) ]
d = 3
16. Let VctA = < 1 2 2 > and VctB = < 3 4 -12 >
Then VctA dot Vct B = abs(VctA) abs( VctB) cos
cos = VctA dot Vct B (abs(VctA) abs( VctB))
= - 1/3
= 109.470
17. The lines are not parallel.
Direction Number of the 1st line = < 1 2 3 > = VctA
Direction Number of the 2nd line = < 3 2 1 > = VctB
Direction Number of the line that is perpendicular to both lines is
VctA x VctB
A point of 1st line is ( 0, 0, 6)
A point on the 2nd line is ( 0 , 0, 0)
Let VctC = < 0 0 6 >
The distance between the two lines is the scalar projection of vector
C on VctA x VctB
distance = Vct C dot [ (VctA x VctB ) Abs( VctA xVctB ) ]
= 2.449
18. Let VctA = < 2 3 -6>
VctA/Abs(VctA) = < -0.2857 0.4285 -0.8571>
Then cos z = -0.8571
z = 1490

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19. When x = 0, y = 0 , z = 2 (0,0,2)
When x = 0, z = 0, y = 4 (0,4,0)
When y = 0, z = 0, x = 16 (16,0,0)

AB2 = 162 + 22 AB = 265 = A

BC2 = 22 + 42 BC = 25 = B
AC = 16 + 4 AC = 417 = C
2 2 2

Use Herons Formula:

s = A B C and A = S(S A)(S B)(S C )
2
A = 36
20. V = 1/3Bh = 1/3 ( 1/2 x 4 x 16) ( 2) = 21.33 cubic units
21. STORE:
Vct A = ( 2 -1 -2 ) Vct B = ( 4 8 1 )
cos = (Vct A dot Vct B)/ ( abs(VctA) abs( VctB) )
= 85.750
22. Compute the Direction Number of the Line
Vct A = ( 5 - 2 3 ) Vct B = ( 3 -1 1 )
VctA X Vct B = ( 1 4 1 )
Get a point on the line.
Set z = 0
5x 2y = 13
3x y = 7

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 MODE 5 1 x = 1 y = - 4
Parametric Equation of the line
x 1 y 4 z
t
1 4 1
x = 1 + t, y = -4 + 4t , z = t
23. Direction number of x + 3y + 2z + 7 = 0 is ( 1 3 2 )
line vector on the unknown plane : ( -2 -0 -1 -1 1-2 )
or ( -2 -2 -1 )
Vector perpendicular to x + 3y + 2z + 7 = 0 and the unknown plane
is the the direction number of the unknown plane.
Vct A =( 1 3 2 ) Vct B = ( - 2 2 1 )
Vct A x Vct B = ( 1 -3 4 )
Equation of the plane: x 3y + 4z = C
Substitute x = 0, y = 1 , z = 2
0 3(1) + 4(2) = c
c=5
Equation x 3y + 4z = 5
24. Get the center of the sphere.
x2 -10x + 25 + y2 + 4y + 4 + z2 6z + 9 = 187 + 25 + 4 + 9
( x 5)2 + ( y + 2)2 + ( z 3)2 = 152
C( 5, -2, 3 )
Direction Number of the plane = ( -9 5 3 + 2 1 3 )
= ( -14 5 - 2 )
Equation of the plane: -14x + 5y 2z = C
Substitute x = -9 y = 3 z = 1
-14(-9) + 5(3) 2(1) = 139
-14x + 5y 2z = 139
25. A= ( 3 2 -5) B = ( 2, -3, 8)
Then C = A + (3/5)( B A) =
= ( 3 2 -5) + (3/5)[ ( 2 3 8) ( 3 2 - 5) ]
= ( 2.4 -1 2.8 )
26.
A B C
x 5x
m = x/6x = 1/6
B = A + 1/6( C A)

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6B = 6A + C - A
C = 6B 5A = 6( 2 -3 8) - 5( 3 2 - 5)
C = ( -3 - 28 73 )
27. Vct AB = ( -1 -5 13 ) AC = ( 4 7 12 ) - ( 3 2 - 5)
= ( 1 5 17)

AC x AB = |AC||AB| sin
d = AC sin = abs( AC x AB / abs( AB) )
d = 8.62

28. The Direction number of the plane is

( 4 7 -3 ) x ( 3 3 - 7 ) = ( -40 19 - 9 )
Get a point on the plane.
Set z = 0
Then 4x + 7y = 21
3x + 3y = 2
MODE 5 1 x = -49/9 y = 55/9
Parametric equation:
x = -49/9 40t, y = 55/9 + 19t, z = 0 9t
(Note: This is not unique)

29. From 28. Parametric Equation

x = -49/9 40t , y = 55/9 + 19t , z = -9t
Set z = 0, then t = 0
Thus x = -49/9 and y = 55/9

30. Direction Number = ( -40 19 - 9)

Direction Cosines = ( -40 19 9) / 402 192 92
NOTE: Store: Vct A = ( - 40 19 9 )
Direction Cosine =
( VctA( Abs( Vct A ) ) = ( -0.885 0.4204 -0.1992 )
Page 277
Then: cos x = -0.1992 x = 101.50

PROBLEM SET 18
POLAR COORDINATES , CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES,
SPHERICAL COORDINATES, PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS and
POLAR CURVES
1. Find the polar coordinate of ( 3, -6).
a. ( 6.708, -63.430 ) b. ( 6.718, -43.430 )
c. ( 6.728, -67.43 ) 0 d. ( 4.708, -67.430 )
2. Find the rectangular coordinate of ( 100, 1200).
a. ( 50, 86.6) b. ( -50, 86.6)
c. ( -80, -86.6) d. ( -50, -86.6)
3. The coordinate axes is rotated 700clockwise. What is the new
coordinate of the the point ( 5, 8) with respect to the new axes?
a. ( -5.81, 7.43 b. ( -3.54, 7.63 )
c. ( -5.54 8.63 ) d. ( -5.55, 6.67 )
4. The new coordinate is ( 7, -9) when the the coordinate axes is
rotated 450 counterclockwise. What is the old coordinate?
a. ( -1.41, -11.31 ) b. ( -1.21, -11.31 )
c. ( -1.41, -13.31 ) d. ( -1.31, -11.31 )
5. The coordinate ( 4,3) becomes ( 2.733, 4.187) when the
coordinate axes is rotated at counterclockwise. What is ?
a. 300 b. 100
c. 20 0 d. 150
6. What is the polar coordinate on the point on a circle
x2 + y2 = 25 when x = 3 in the second quadrant?
a. ( 5, -63.130) b. ( 5, -53.130)
c. ( 5, -23.130) d. ( 5, -43.130)
7. y = x2 in polar coordinate sytem is

Page 278
 a. cos = r sin b. tan = r cos2
c. sin = r cos2 d. cot = r cos2

8. y = 4x + 1 in polar coordinate system is

a. r( sin 4 cos ) = 1
b. r( cos 4 sin ) = 1
c. r( sin 4 sec ) = 1
d. r( 4sin cos ) = 1

9. x2 + y2 + 8x = 0 in polar coordinate system is

a. r = -8sin b. r = -8 cos
c. r = -4 sin d. r = -4 cos
10. x2 y2 = 1 in polar coordinate is
a. r = cos 2 b. r = tan 2
c. r = csc 2 d. r = cot 2
11. r( 4sin cos ) = 1 in Cartesian form is
a. 4x + y = 1 b. 4y x = 1
c. 3x + y = 1 d. 2x + y = 2

12. r = 3 cos in Cartesian form is

a. x2 + y2 = 2x b. x2 + y2 = 3x
c. x2 + y2 = 3x/2 d. x2 + y2 = x

13. r ( 1 + cos ) =1 in Cartesian Form is

a. y2 + 2x = 1 b. y + 2x2 = 1
2
c. y + 4x = 1 d. y2 + x = 2
14. ( 3, 4, 5) in Cylidrical Coordinate System is
a. ( 5, 53.130, 5) b. ( 5, 63.130, 5)
0
c. ( 4, 53.13 , 5) d. ( 5, 53.130, 6)
15. ( -4, -5, 10) in Cylindrical Coordinate System is
a. ( 6.4, -128.650, 12) b. ( 5.4, -128.650, 10)
c. ( 5.4, -128.650, 10) d. ( 6.4, -123.650, 10)
0
16. ( 20, 40 , 5 ) in Orthogonal System is
a. ( 15.32, 14.855, 5) b. ( 15.32, 12.855, 5)
c. ( 13.32, 12.855, 5) d. ( 15.32, 15.855, 5)

Page 279
17. ( 19, 1200, -6) in Orthogonal System is
a. ( -9.5, 12.45, -6) b. ( -9.1, 16.45, -6)
c. ( -9.5, 23 .45, -6) d. ( -9.5, 16.45, -6)
18. ( 3, 4, 5) in Spherical Coordinate System is
a. ( 7.07, 53.130, 450 ) b. ( 7.07, 53.130, 350 )
c. ( 6.07, 53.130, 450 ) d. ( 4.07, 53.130, 450 )
19. ( -3, 8, 1) in Spherical Coordinate System is
a. ( 8.602, 110.5560, 83.340) b. ( 8.602, 120.5560, 63.340)
c. ( 6.602, 110.5560, 83.340) d. ( 8.602, 130.5560, 93.340)
20. ( 12, 300, 200) in Orthogonal System is
a. ( 4.554, 2.052, 11.276 ) b. ( 4.554, 2.052, 12.276 )
c. ( 3.554, 2.052, 11.276 ) d. ( 3.554, 2.052, 11.276 )
21. ( 14, 1200 , 500) in Orthogonal Sytem is
a. ( -3.547, 5.9704, 9 ) b. ( -3.447, 5.2704, 9 )
c. ( -3.447, 6.9704, 9 ) d. ( -5.632, 9.287, 9 )
22. The parametric equation of y2 = 4x is
a. x = t2 , y = 2t b. x = t2 , y = 4t
2
c. x = t , y = 8t d. x = t , y2 = 16t
23. The parametric equation of ( x 7)2 + ( y -4)2 = 1 is
a. x = 7 + cos t, y = 4 + sin t b. x = 7 + cos t, y = 4 - sin t
c. x = 7 - cos t, y = 4 - sin t d. x = -7 + cos t, y = -4 + sin t

24. Trasform the parametric equation

x = 5 sin t , y = 3 cos t, z = t into general equation
a. 9x2 + 5y2 = 45 b. 10x2 + 9y2 = 45
2 2
c. 9x + 4y = 45 d. 12x2 + 5y2 = 45

25. Trasform x = t + 3 , y = t2/4 into a rectangular equation.

a. 6y = ( x-3)2 b. 3y = (x-3)2
c. 2y = (x-3) 2 d. 4y = (x-3)2
26. Transform x = 3 t , y = t2 2 into rectangular equation.
a. y = 7 4x + x2 b. y = 7 6x + x2
c. y = 3 4x + x 2 d. y = 5 6x + x2
27. Trasform x = lnt, y = t2 -1 into a rectangular equation.
a. y = e2x -1 b. y = 3e2x -1
2x
c. y = e + 1 d. y = -e2x + 1

Page 280
28. The equation r = 2 is
a. circle with radios 2 , center on the y axis
b. circle with radius 1, center at the origin
c. spiral
d. circle of diameter 2, center at the origin.

29. The polar curve r = 4 4 cos is

a. cardiod b. limacon
c. ellipse d. lemniscates

30. The polar curve r = sec is

a. parabola b. line
c. ellipse d. hyperboa

31. The polar curve r = 3 2 cos is a

a. limacon with a dent b. limacon with an inner loop
c. cardiod d. 3 leaf rose

32. The polar curve r2 = cos 2 is a

a. lemniscate b. 4 leaf rose
c. spiral d. limacon

33. The polar curve r = sin 3 is a

a. 3 leaf rose b. 6 leaf rose
c. 9 leaf rose d. ellipse

34. The polar curve r = cos 4 is

a. 4 leaf rose b. 8 leaf rose
c. 2 leaf rose d. 16 leaf rose

35. The spiral curve r = 4 when = 490 has abscissa of

a. 1.21 b.1.03
c. 2.04 d. 1.56

Page 281
Answers
1. Pol( 3, -6) = ( 6.708, -63.430 )
2. Rect( 100,120) = (-50, 86.6 )
3. Pol(5,8) = (9.434, 580)
New = 58 + 70 = 1280
Rect( 9.434, 126 ) = ( -5.81, 7.43)
4. Pol( 7, -9) = (11.4, -52.120 )
Old angle: -52.120 450 = -97.120
Rect( 11.4, -97.120) = ( -1.41, -11.31 )
5. Pol( 4,3) = ( 5, 36.870)
Pol(2.733, 4.187) = ( 5, 56.870)
Angle = 56.870 36.870 = 200
6.
x=3 32 + y2 = 25 , y = - 4 ( 2nd quadrant)
Pol( 3, -4) = ( 5, -53.130)
7. x = r cos , y = r sin
r sin = ( r cos )2
r sin = r2 cos2
sin = r cos2
8.
x = r cos y = r sin
r sin = 4 r cos + 1
r( sin 4 cos ) = 1
9. x = r cos y = r sin
(rcos )2 + ( r sin )2 + 8( r cos ) = 0
r2 ( cos2 + sin2 ) + 8r cos = 0
r2 + 8rcos = 0
r + 8cos
r = -8cos
10.
x = rcos y = r sin
( r cos )2 - ( r sin )2 = 1
r2 ( cos2 sin2 ) = 1
r cos 2 = 1
r = sec 2
11.

Page 282
 sin = y/r cos = x/r
r( 4y/r x/r) = 1
4y x = 1

12. r = 3 x/r
r2 = 3x
x2 + y2 = 3x
13. r ( 1 + x/r ) = 1
r+ x = 1
r = 1- x
r2 = ( 1-x)2
x2 + y2 = 1 2x + x2
y2 + 2x = 1
14.
Pol( 3,4) = ( 5, 53.130)
Clindrical Coordinate = ( 5, 53.130, 5)
15. Pol( -4, -5) = (6.4, -128.650 )
Cylindrical Coordinate = ( 6.4, -128.650, 10)
16. Rect( 20, 400) = (15.32, 12.855)
Orthogonal System = ( 15.32, 12.855, 5)
17. Rect ( 19, 1200) = (-9.5, 16.45)
Orthogonal System = ( -9.5, 16.45, -6)
18.
Pol( 3,4) r = 5 = 53.130
This is stored to X and Y.
Pol( 5, X) r = 7.07 = 450
Spherical Coordinate = ( 7.07, 53.130, 450 )

19. See Solution 18

Pol( -3, 8) r = 8.544 = 110.550
Pol( 1, X) r = 8.602 = 83.3240
Spherical Coordinate ( 8.602, 110.550, 83.3240)
20.
Rec( 12, 20) X = 11.276 Y = 4.104
Rec( Y, 30) X = 3.554 Y = 2.052
Orthogonal Coordinate ( 3.554, 2.052, 11.276)

Page 283
21.
REC( 14, 50) X = 8.999 Y = 10.724
REC( Y, 120) X = -5.362 Y = 9.287
Spehrical Coordinate: ( -5.362, 9.287, 9)
22. Let x = t2 , y2 = 4t2 or y = 2t
23. x 7 = cos t or x = 7 + cos t
y 4 = sin t or y = 4 + sin t
Parametric Equation:
x = 7 + cos t, y = 4 + sin t
24. sin t = x/5 cos t = y/ 3
sin2 t + cos2 t =1
( x/ 5)2 + ( y/3)2 = 1
x2/5 + y2/9 = 1
9x2 + 5y2 = 45
25. t= x- 3
y = ( x -3)2/4
4y = (x-3)2

26.
t= 3- x
y = ( 3 x)2 - 2
y = 9 6x + x2 - 2
y = 7 6x + x2
27. x = ln t
t = ex
y = t2 1
y = e2x -1
28. a
29. b
30. line
31. a
32. a
33. a
34. b
35. r = 4(490) = 3.421 rec ( 3.421, 49) x = 1.028

Page 284
 PROBLEM SET 19
LIMITS
1 cos x
1. Evaluate lim x 0 PAST CE BOARD
x2
a. 0 b. 1/2
c. 2 d. -1/2
x
tan
2. lim x 1(2 x ) 2
PAST ECE BOARD
a. e2 b. e2/
0. d. DNE
3. lim x0 sin(1/ x ) PAST CE BOARD
a. 0 b. -1
d. 1/2 d. DNE

tan 2 x 2 sin x
4. lim x 0 PAST CE BOARD
x3
a. 0 b. 3
c. infinity d. DNE
5. lim x 1 x2 1 PAST CE BOARD
x 3x 4
2

a. 1/5 b. 2/5
c. 3/5 d. 4/5
x4
6. lim x 4 PAST ECE BOARD
x x 12
2

a. 1/4 b. 1/3
c. 1/5 d. 1/7
x4
7. lim x PAST ME BOARD
x4
a. 0 b. 1
c. 2 d. DNE
8. lim x 3 x 2 x 7
4 3

5x x 3
3

a. 0 b.
c. -1 d. DNE

Page 285
9. lim x (e x x )1/ x
a. 2 b. e
c. 3 d. 4
10. lim x / 2 (tan x tan 2x )
a. 1 b. 2
c. -2 d. 3
ex ex
11. lim x 0
tan x
a. 1 b. -1
c. 2 d. -2
x
12. lim x
1 x 2
a. 1 b. 0
c. -1 d. 2
13. lim x 2 x x 4
3 2

x2 4
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
14. lim x (e x x )
a. b. 0
c. 1 d. DNE
15 . lim x 0 (1 sin x )1/ x
a. 1/e b. 2/e
c. e d. 1/e2

3
16. lim x 3
x 3
a. 0 b. DNE
c. d. -

2 2
17. lim x cos( ) x
x
Page 286
 a. e-2 b. e
c. 0 d. 1

18. lim x 0 ( 1 + ax)b/x

a. ea/b b. eb/a
c. eab d. e2b/a

29. limx0 ( 1/x 1/sin x )

a. DNE b. 0
c. d. -

SHIFT TO RAD MODE :

Substitute x = - 0.0001 and x = 0.0001 to the given.
( 1/x 1/sin x ) when x = -0.00001 is 1.67 x 10-5
when x = 0.00001 , -1.67 x 10-6
21.

Solution:

1. Substitute x = -0.00001 and x = + 0.00001 in

1 cos x
. ( Go to radian mode)
x2
Answer. 1/2
2. Subtitute x = 0.9999 and x = 1.0001
Answers are 1.89 and 1.8901
Ans. e2/
3. Radian Mode:
Let x = -0.00001 and x = 0.00001
Values: -0.0357 and 0.0357
The values different. The limit does not exist.

Page 287
4. Let x = 0.00001 and x = -0.00001
Ans. 3 and 3 Ans. 3
5. Let x = 0.9999 and 1.00001
The values are close to 0.4
Ans. 2/5
6. Let x = 3.999 and x = 4.001
Values are close to 0.142857 or 1/7
7. Disregard the constants.
x/x = 1 Ans. 1
8. Just consider the highest exponents in the numerator and
denominator.
3x 4
0.6 x Ans. 0.6() =
5x 3
9. substitute x = 100
( x + ex)1/X CALC 100= 2.71828 = e

10. Let x = /2 - 0.00001 and x = /2 + 0.00001

Go to radian mode.
ENTER: (tan x tan 2x CALC /2 - 0.00001
AND (tan x tan 2x CALC /2 + 0.00001
Values are -2 and -2
Ans. -2
11. Let x = -0.00001 and x = 0.00001
Values are 2 and 2
Ans. 2
x
12. Disregard 1. 1
x2
13. Let x = 1.9999 and x = 2.00001
Values are close to 2.
Ans. 2
14. ex grows faster than x as x becomes bigger.
Ans.
15. Let x = -0.00001 and x = 0.00001
Values are close to 0.3678776 or 1/e

Page 288
16. Substitute x = 2.999 and 3.001
The values of 3/( x- 3) are -3000 and 3000
Values are different. Limit does not exists

17. Shift to RAD MODE

2 2
ENTER: cos( ) x , substitute x = 100
x
Value = 0.13532 Close to e-2

18.
Assume a = 2 and b = 3
( 1 + 2x)3/x let x = - 0.0001
Value = 403.67
If x = + 0.0001
Value = 4013. 17
Values are close, there is a limit
a = 2 , b = 3 from 1st choice ea/b = 1.95 ( wrong )
from choice c, eab = e2(3) = 403.43 ( Anwer) eab

PROBLEM SET 22
DERIVATIVES, SLOPES, TANGENT LINES, NORMAL LINES,
RADIUS OF CURVATURE , VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION
1. Find the derivative of x = 3y4 + 7y3 + 1 with respect to x.
PAST CE BOARD
1 1
a. b.
12y 21y 2
3
6 y 21y 2
3

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 1 1
c. d.
12y 18y 2
3
13y 21y 2
3

2. Find the derivative of y = 33x PAST CE BOARD

a. 33x+1 ln 3 b. 33x+1 ln (3x)
3x
c. 3 ln 3 d. 33x+2 ln (3x)
3. What is the derivative of 2 cos ( 2 + x3) with respect to x? PAST CE
BOARD
a. -6x2sin( 2 + x3) b. 6x2sin( 2 + x3)
c. 3x2sin( 2 + x3) d.- 3x2sin( 2 + x3)
4. Find y in the curve y = ( 1 2x)3 at the point ( 1,-1). PAST CE
BOARD
a. -6 b. 6
c. -3 d. 3
5. What is the slope of the curve when y = 2 sin x when x = 10?
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
6. Detemine the slope of the curve x 2 + y2 6x + 10y + 5 = 0 at the
point (1,0). PAST CE BOARD
a. 1/5 b. 2/5
c. 3/5 d. 4/5
7. Determine the velocity when t = 4 given the equation
5 where D is in meters and t is in seconds. PAST CE
D 20t
t 1
BOARD
a. 19.8 m/s b. 12.6 m/s
c. 13.4 m/s d. 14.5 m/s
8. Find the slope of the curve y = 64( 4 + x)1/2 at the point (0,12).
PAST CE BOARD
a. 1 b. 1.5
c. 2 d. 2.5
9. Find the slope of the curve whose parametric equation is given by
y = t3 + t2 + 1/t and x = t4 + 3t2 when t = 1/2.
a. -9/14 b. 3/14
c. 4/17 d. 8/17
10. Find the derivative with respect to x .

Page 290
CE BOARD MAY 2006
1 1
y= u
1 u 1 x
a. -1/x b. 1/x2
c. -1/x 2 d. 2/x
11. Find the slope of the curve r = sin2 at = /3?
CE BOARD Nov 2007
a. 4.5 b. -5.2
c. 2.33 d. -4.5
12. Find the slope of r = tan when = /4
CE BOARD NOV 2007
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
13. If y = 4 cos x + sin 2x, what is the slope of the curve when x = 2.
PAST ECE BOARD
a. -2.21 b. -3.25
c. -4.94 d. -2.21
14. Find the slope of the ellipse x2 + 4y2 -10x -16y + 5 = 0 at the
point where y = 2 + 8 and x = 7.
a. -0.1463 b. -0.1538
c. -0.1654 d. -0.1768
15. Find dy/dx (xy)x = e PAST ME BOARD
a. y (1 ln xy ) b. y (1 ln xy )
2
x x
c. 0 d. y/x
16. Given the curve y2 = 5x -1 at the point (1, -2) , find the equation
of the tangent line to the curve. PAST CE BOARD
a. 5x + 4y + 3 = 0 b. 3x + 4y + 5 = 0
c. 2x + 3y + 4 = 0 d. 5x + 3y + 1 = 0
17. From problem 16, find the equation of the normal line at the point
( 1, -2)
a. 2x -5y -12 = 0 b. 4x -5y -14 = 0
c. 4x -8y -20 = 0 d. 4x -y -14 = 0
18. Find the radius of curvature of the ellipse 3x2 + y2 = 12 at the
point (1,3). PAST CE/ME BOARD
a. 3.122 b. 2.121
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 c. 5.112 d. 4.221
19. Find the center of curvature of problem 18.
a. ( -0.5, 1.5) b. ( -1.5, 1)
c. ( -0.5, 2.5) d. ( 0.5, 1.5)
20. Find the radius of curvature at any point of the curve
y + ln cos x = 0 PAST ECE/CE BOARD
a. cos x b. sec x
c. 1.211 d. 1
21. Find the slope of the curve x2 + 4xy + y2 + 3x -5y -6 = 0 at the
point on the curve ( 1,2).
a. 16/3 b. -13/3
c. -5 d. -11/3
22. Find the angle between the radius vector and the tangent line of
the curve r = a sec 2 and = /8. CE BOARD MAY 2008
a. 33.210 b. 26.560
c. 14.12 0 d. 11.230
23. Find the angle between the radius vector and the tangent line to
the curve r = 2 at = . CE BOARD MAY 2008
a. 57.50 b. 34.20
d. 45.2 0 d. 33.10
Problems 24, 25
At time 0 t 2 , the position of the particle moving along a
path in the xy plane is given by the parametric equation x = etsin t
and y = etcost.
24. Find the slope of the path of the particle at time t = 0.
a. 1 b. -1
c. 2 d. -2
25. What is the speed of the particle when t = 1.
a. 3.84 b. 1.22
c. 2.45 d. 4.33
26. Find the radius of curvature of r = tan
when = 3/4 .
a. 2.11 b. 2.24
c. 3.11 d. 4.11
Problems 27, 28

Page 292
A particle moves in accordance with the equation r = t 2 + t and =
1/6t3 where t denotes the time in seconds, is in radians and r is in
meters.
27. Find the position in rectangular coordinate when t = 2 sec.
a. ( 1.41, 5.83) b. ( 3.11, 2.34)
c. ( 3.23, 4.56) d. ( 4.11, 6.12)
28. Find the speed when t = 2 sec.
a. 12 m/s b. 5 m/s
c. 11 m/s d. 13 m/s
Problems 29, 30
A particle moves along the curve r = 5 + 4 sin with a constant
angular speed d/dt of 2 radians per second where is in meters.
29. Find the speed of the particle when = /3.
a. 12.3 m/s b. 17.4 m/s
c. 11.2 m/s d. 12.1 m/s
30. Find the acceleration of the particle when = /3.
a. 50.3m/s2 b. 49.1 m/s2
c. 34.56 m/s 2 d. 11.21 m/s2
31. What is the equation of the tangent line to the curve 9x 2 + 25y2
225 = 0 at (0,3)? PAST CE BOARD
a. y 1 = 0 b. x + 2 = 0
c. x + 3 = 0 d. y 3 = 0
32. Find the equation normal to the curve x2 = 16y at (4,1)
PAST CE BOARD
a. 3x + y = 17 b. 4x y = 15
c. 2x + y = 9 d. x + y = 5
33. Find the derivative with respect to x of ( x 1) .
3

x
PAST CE BOARD
x ( x 1) 2 2( x 1)3
2 x( x 1) 2 ( x 1)3 b.
a.
x2 x2 x2 x2
c. 3 x( x 1) 3( x 1) d. 3 x( x 1) ( x 1)
2 3 2 3

x2 x2 x2 x2
2
34. Find the radius of curvature of y = 4x at the point (4,4)
a. 34.12 b. 22.36

Page 293
 c. 11.23 d. 33.12
35. Find the slope of the curve x = 6y3 2y2 at the point (6,3).
PAST CE BOARD
a. 1/110 b. 1/150
c. 1/120 d. 1/300
36. Find the slope of the curve y = 6( 4+ x)1/2 at the point (0,12).
a. 2 b. 1.5
c. 2 d. 3
37. At what point does the curve x3 9x y = 0 have a slope of
18?
a. ( 4, 28) b. ( 3, 0)
c. (1, -8) d. ( 2, 1)
38. Find the curvature of the curve y2 = 16x at the point (4,8). PAST
CE BOARD
a. 0.0442 b. 0.0331
c. 0.1221 d. 0.0236
Problems 39, 40
A particle moves along the path whose parametric equation are x = t3
and y = 12t2. (PAST CE BOARD)
39. What is the velocity when t = 2 sec?
a. 45.67 b. 49.48
c. 48.12 d. 44.21
40. What is the acceleration when t = 2 sec?
a. 26.83 b. 32.12
c. 33.43 d. 41.22
41. Find the second derivative of y = x(x +1)3 when x = 1.
a. 24 b. 34
c. 36 d. 44
2 2
Given the ellipse 25x + 4y = 100. (PAST CE BOARD)
Problems 42, 43
42. Find the equation of the diameter of the ellipse which bisects
chords having a slope of 1/2.
a. 25x + 2y = 0 b. 50x 3y = 0
c. 25x + 4y = 0 d. 30x 5y = 0
43. What is the slope of the curve at the point (1.2, 4)?
a. -1.212 b. -1.341

Page 294
 c. -1.875 d. -3.232
44. Determine the slope of the tangent to the curve
y = 2ln x at the point where x = 1.
a. 1 b. 3
c. 2 d. 4
45. What is the 2 derivative of y = x sin x when x = 1 0?
nd

a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
Solution
1 = 12y3y + 21y2y
1
y =
12y 21y 2
3

2. y = 33x ln (3) d/dx (3x )

= 33x (3) ln 3
= 33x+1 ln 3
3. y = 2 cos ( 2 + x3)
y = 2( -sin ( 2 + x3) ) 3x2
= -6x2 sin ( 2 + x3)
d
4. (1 2 x )3 |x 1 = -6
dx
5. Go to radian mode:
ENTER: d (2 sin x ) | x 10
dx
Ans. 2
6. x2 + y2 6x + 10y + 5 = 0
2x + 2yy 6 + 10y = 0
Let X = D , write as
2x + 2yD 6 + 10yD= 0,D and enter SHIFT CALC
Substitute x = 1 and y = 0 and solve for y
Ans. 2/5
7. d (20 x 5 ) | x 4 =19.8 m/s
dx x 1
d
8. (6( 4 x )1/ 2 ) | x 0 = 1.5
dx

Page 295
9. dy/dt = d/dt(t3 + t2 + 1/t ) when t is 1/2 = -2.25
dx/dt = d/dt( t4 + 3t2 ) when t is 1/2 = 7/2
slope = dy/dt / dx/dt = -2.25/3.5 = -9/14
1 x 1 x 1
10. y=
1
1 ( x 1) 1 x
1 x
x ( x 1) 1
dy/dx = 2
x2 x
11. x = r cos
x = sin2 cos
dx/d when = /6 is -0.2165
y = r sin
y = sin2 sin
y = sin3
dy/d when = /3 is 1.125
slope = dy/dx = dy/d / dx/d = 1.125/(-0.2165) = -5.2
12. x = r cos
x = tan cos
dx/d when = /4 is 0.707107
y = r sin
y = tan sin
dy/d when = 2.12132
slope = dy/d / dx/d = 2.12132 / 0.707107 = 3
13. d/dx ( 4 cos x + sin 2x ) when x = 2 is -4.94
14.
x2 + 4y2 -10x -16y + 5 = 0
2x + 8yy -10 -16y = 0
Let y = D
Input:
2x + 8yD 10 16D = 0, D
and use SHIFT CALC
x = 7 and y = 2 + 8
D = -0.1768
15.
(xy)x = e

Page 296
x ln (x y) = ln e
x ln (xy) = 1
x(ln x + ln y) = 1
xln x + xln y = 1
x(1/x) + lnx + x(1/y)y + ln y = 0
1 + ln x + xy/y + ln y = 0
xy/y = -1 ln x ln y
xy/y = -1 ln xy
y = y (1 ln xy )
x
16. y2 = 5x -1
Is ( 1, -2) on y2 = 5x 1
(-2)2 = 5(1) 1 OK
y 5x 1 (since y = -2 is negative)

d/dx 5 x 1 when x =1 is -5/4 (slope of tangent line)

MODE 5 1
1 -2 1
2 -2-5/4 1
-5/3 x 4/3y = 1
5x + 4y + 3 = 0
17. slope of tangent = -5/4,
slope of normal = 4/5
y = A + Bx
-2 = A + (4/5)(1 )
A = -14/5
Thus y = -14/5 + 4/5x (Equation of Normal line)
5y = -14 + 4x
4x -5y -14 = 0

18. 3x2 + y2 = 12
y= 12 3x 2
y = 0.5( 12-3x2)-0.5(-6x)

Page 297
 (1 ( y ' )2 )3 / 2
Radius of curvature :
y''
y = d/dx( 12 3x 2 ) when x = 1 is -1
y = d/dx (0.5( 12-3x2)-0.5(-6x) ) when x = 1 is -1.33333
radius of curvature = [1 ( 1) ]
2 3/2
= - 2.121
1.33333
19.

Radius of Curvature is negative (concave downward)

SLOPE = -1 , ( 450 sloping to the left )
X = 1 - 2.121 cos 450 = -0.5
Y = 3 2.121 sin 450 = 1.5
Center of Curvature ( -0.5, 1.5)
20. (1 ( y ' ) )
2 3/2

y''
y = -ln cos x
y = -1/cosx ( -sin x) = tan x
y = sec2 x
(1 (tan x )2 )3 / 2

sec2 x
sec3 x
sec x
sec2 x
21.
Differentiate:
2x + 4( xy + y) + 2yy + 3 5y = 0
Let y = D
2x + 4( xD + y) + 2yD+ 3 5D = 0, D

Page 298
then ENTER SHIFT CALC x = 1 and y = 2
D = -13/3
SLOPE = -13/3
22. The angle between the radius vector and the tangent line is
r
tan
dr
d
Let a = 1
sec 2 when = /8 is 2
d/d ( sec 2) when = /8 is 2.8283
2 = 26.560
tan
2.8283
23.
r
tan
dr / d
2 2
tan = tan
d / d ( ) |
2
2
57.50
24.
dy/dt = d/dt(etcost) when t = /2 is -4.8105
dx/dt = d/dt(etsin t) when t = /2 is 4.8105
dy/dx = dy/dt / dx/dt = - 1

25. dy/dt = d/dt(etcos t ) when t = 1 is -0.81866

dx/dt = d/dt (etsin t) when t = 1 is 3.756
when t= 1, speed is
v = (dy / dt ) (dx / dt ) ( .81866 ) (3.756 )
2 2 2 2

= 3.84
26.
(r 2 r '2 )3 / 2
Radius of Curvature =
r 2 2r '2 rr ' '
r = tan r(3/4) = -1 = A
r(3/4) = d/d( tan ) when = 3/4

Page 299
r(3/4) = 2 =B
r(3/4) = d/d ( sec2 ) when = 3/4
r(3/4) = - 4 = C
( A 2 B 2 )3 / 2 = 2.236
=
A 2 2B 2 AC
27. r = t2 + t r(2) = 6 m
= 1/6 t3 (2) = 4/3 m
Rect( 6, 4/3) (Go to rad mode)
= ( 1.411, 5.83)
28. r when t = 2 is 6 m
dr/dt when t = 2 = d/dt( t2 + t) when t = 2 is 5 m/s
d/dt when t = 2 is d/dt( 1/6 t3) when t = 2 is 2 m/s
vr = 5
v = r d/dt = 6(2) = 12 m/s
v = Abs< 5 12 > = 13 m/s
29. r when = /3 is 8.464
vr = dr/dt = d/dt( 5 + 4 sin ) when = /3
=[d/d( 5 + 4sin)|= /3] d/dt
= 2(2)
vr = 4 (radial speed)
v = r d/dt = 8.464(2)
16.928 (transverse speed)
v = Abs< 4 16.928 > = 17. 4
30. ar = r r( )2
r = [d/d( 4cos x 2 ) | = /3] d/dt
r = -13.85
ar = -13.856 8.464(2)2 = -47.712
= 0 since = constant
a = r + 2r
= 0 + 2(4)(2) = 16
a = Abs < -47.712 16 > = 50.3

31. Get the slope:

9x2 + 25y2 225 = 0
18x + 50yy = 0
18(0) + 50(3)y = 0

Page 300
 y = 0 (slope) The line is horizontal.
Equation. y = 3 of y 3 = 0
32.
y = x2/16
d/dx (x2/16 ) | x = 4 is 1/2 (Tangent)
slope normal = -2
Y = A + BX
1 = A + (-2) (4)
A= 9
Equation Normal:
Y = 9 -2X
2X + Y = 9
33. Use quotient rule:
d ( x 1)3 x(3)( x 1) 2 ( x 1)3 (1)

dx x x2
= 3 x( x 1) ( x 1)
2 3

2 2
x x
The calculator trick for this one.
( x 1)3
Differentiate when x = 2 (any value not = zero will do )
x
which is 6.75. Then substitute in the choices. The only function
choice that will give 6.75 is
3 x ( x 1)2 ( x 1)3
.
x2 x2
34.
(1 ( y ' )2 )3 / 2

y''
y 4x 2 x
y = d/dx ( 2x ) | x = 4 is 0.5 = A
y = d/dx ( 2(1/2) x-1/2 )| x = 4 is -0.0625 = B
(1 A 2 )3 / 2
Then = -22.36
B
The sign indicates that the curve is concave downward.

Page 301
35. dy/dx at x = 6 is ?
dx/dy = d/dy( 6y3 2y2 )| y = 3
dx/dy = 150
dy/dx = 1/150
36. y = d/dx(6( 4+ x)1/2 ) | x = 0 is 1.5
37.
x3 9x y = 0
3x2 9 y = 0
3x2 9 18 = 0
x = 3 and - 3
If x = 3 , y = x3 9x = 0
If x = -3, y = x3 9x = 0
The point are ( 3, 0) and ( -3, 0)
38.
y''
K
(1 ( y ' )2 )3 / 2
y 16 x = 4x
y = d/dx ( 4x ) | x = 4 is 1 = A
y = d/dx ( 4(1/2) x-1/2) | x = 4 is -0.125 = B
B
K = -0.0442
(1 A 2 )3 / 2
39.
vx = dx/dt = d/dt(t3)| t = 2 is 12
vy = dy/dt = d/dt(12t2) | t= 2 is 48
v = Abs < 12 48 > = 49.48

40.
ax = d/dt( 3t2) | t = 2 is 12
ay = d/dt(24t) | t = 2 is 24
a = Abs < 12 24 > = 26.83
41.
y(1) = d/dx (x(x +1)3 )| x = 1 is 20
y(1+0.00001) = d/dx (x(x +1)3 ) | x = 1.00001 is

Page 302
 20.00036
y ' (1.00001) y ' (1) 20 .00036 20
2nd derivative = =
0.00001 0.00001
= 36
42.
25x2 + 4y2 = 100
50x + 8yy = 0
50x + 8y(1/2) = 0
50x + 4y = 0
25x + 2y = 0
43.
4y2 = 100 25x2
y2 = 25 - x2/4

y= 25 6.25x 2
y = d/dx( 25 6.25x 2 ) | x = 1.2 is -1.875
44.
d/dx( 2ln x) | x = 1 is 2
45.
y(10) = d/dx( x sin x ) | 10 is 0.034903
y( 10 + 0.00001 ) = d/dx( x sinx ) | 10 + 0.00001
= 0.03492303
y(10) = (0.03492303 - 0.034903 ) / 0.00001
= 2

PROBLEM SET 21
MAXIMA MINIMA, RELATED RATES, ERRORS
1. A car starting 12:00 Noon travels west at a speed of 30 kph.
Another car starting from the same point at 2:00 PM travels north at
45 kph. Find how fast are the two cars separating at 4:00 PM?
PAST CE BOARD
a. 57 kph b. 51 kph
c. 81 kph d. 44 kph

Page 303
2. Car A moves due east at 30 kph at the same instant Car B is
moving S 300 E with a speed of 60 kph. The distance from A to B is
30 km. Find how fast is the speed between them are separating after
1 hr. PAST CE BOARD
a. 40 kph b. 35 kph
c. 45 kph d. 50 kph
3. Determine the diameter of a closed cylindrical tank having a
volume of 11.3 cm 3 to obtain a minimum surface area. PAST CE
BOARD
a. 2.561 b. 2.112
c. 2.432 d. 3.122
4. A closed cylindrical tank has a capacity of 576.53 m 3. Find the
minimum surface area of the tank in m 2.
PAST CE BOARD
a. 378.2 b. 331.2
b. 383.4 d. 312.12
5. With only 381.7 m 2 of materials, closed cylindrical tank of
maximum volume is to be made. What should be the height of the
tank in m?
a. 9 b. 10
c. 11 d. 12
6. A rectangular box with a square base and open at the btop is to
have a capacity of 16823 cm 3. Find the height of the box that requires
minimum amount of material in cm.
a. 13.24 b. 16.14
c. 21.23 d. 11.22
7. The cost of a certain product is defined as follows.
C = 50t2 200t + 10000 where t is in years.
Find the maximum value from year 1995 to 2002.
PAST CE BOARD
a. 11,600 b. 9800
c. 9850 d. 11,050
8. A revolving searchlight in a lighthouse 2 km offshore is following a
car traveling slowly along the shore. When the car is 1 km from the
point on the shore that is closest to the lighthouse, the searchlight is

Page 304
turning at the rate of 0.25 rev/hr. How fast in kph is the car traveling at
this moment?
PAST CE BOARD
a. 2.98 b. 3.93
c. 4.11 d. 6.12
2 2
9. A rectangle is inscribed in an a ellipse x y 1 .
9 4
What is the maximum possible area of the rectangle?
a. 10 b. 13
c. 12 d. 36
PAST CE BOARD
10. What is the nearest distance from the external point (4,2) to the
curve y2 = 8x. PAST CE BOARD
a. 3.12 b. 2.34
c. 2.83 d. 4.11
11. The sum of 2 numbers is K. The product of one by the cube of
the other is to be a maximum. What is one of the number. PAST CE
BOARD
a. K/4 b. K/2
c. 2K/3 d. K/8
12. At 4:00 PM boat A left in the direction N 450 E . At 4:30 PM boat B
left the same pier in the direction S 300 E at 32 mph. How fast were
they separating at 5:00 PM in mph? PAST CE BOARD
a. 34.23 b. 38.21
c. 44.61 d. 54.33
13. The sides of the triangle ABC are AB = 7 cm, BC =5 cm and CA
= 9 cm. Determine the width of the largest rectangle that can be
inscribed in it such that the longer side of the rectangle is on the 9 cm
side of the rectangle. PAST CE BOARD.
a. 2.12 m b. 1.94 m
c. 1.22 m d. 1.44 m
A right circular cylinder is inscribed in a right circular cone of radius 6
cm. PAST CE BOARD
14. Find the radius of the cylinder if its volume is maximum.
a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 2.5

Page 305
 15. Find the maximum volume if the altitude of the cone is 12 cm.
a. 201.06 cm3 b. 211.23 cm3
c. 251.23 cm 3 d. 134.22 cm3
16. Find the radius of the cylinder if its lateral area is a minimum.
a. 4 b. 3
c. 2 d. 3.5
Problems 17, 18, 19
It is estimated that between the hrs of noon and 7 PM, the speed of a
highway traffic flowing past the intersection of EDSA and Ortigas
Avenue is approximately
S = t3 9t2 + 15t + 45 kph where t is the number of hrs past
noon. (PAST CE BOARD )
17. At what time between noon and 7 PM is the traffic moving the
fastest?
a. 1 PM b. 2 PM
c. 3 PM d. 4 PM
18. At what time between noon and 7 PM is the traffic moving the
slowest.
a. 2 PM b. 3 PM
c. 4 pm d. 5 PM
19. What is the slowest speed if it moving at this time.
a. 21 kph b. 19 kph
d. 20 kph d. 22 kph
20. A triangular corner lot has perpendicular sides of lengths 120 m
and 160 m resepectively. Find the area and perimeter of the largest
rectangle that can be constructed on the lot with sides parallel to the
street? PAST CE BOARD
a. 4000 m2, 200 m b. 4800 m2 , 280 m
2
c. 3600 m , 220 m d. 4200 m2 , 240 m
21. The total cost of producing a gift item is
C = 60x2 0.01x3 where x is the number of units produced.
Determine the value of x to make the average unit cost a minimum.
a. 2000 b. 3000
c. 4000 d. 5000
22. The length of the sides of the triangle are 4.25 cm, 9.61 cm and
8.62 cm. A rectangle is inscribed in it such that the longer side is on

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the 9.61 cm side of the triangle. What is the length of the rectangle if
its area is maximum?
a. 4.52 b. 4.81
c. 5.22 d. 5.01
23. A cable is to be run from a power plant on one side of the river
900 km wide to a factory on the other side 3 km upstream. The cost
of running the cable overland is $4 per meter while the cost
underwater is $ 5 per meter. Find the value of x for the most
economical cost. PAST CE BOARD
a. 1400 m b. 1800 m
c. 1200 m d. 1500 m
24. Water is flowing into a frustum of a cone at a rate of 100 liters per
minute. The upper radius of the frustum of the cone is 1.5 m while the
lower radius is 1 meter with a height of 2 m. If the water rises in the
tank at the rate of 0.04916 cm/s, find the depth of water. PAST CE
BOARD
a. 13.5 cm b. 15.5 cm
c. 12.23 cm d. 12.07 cm
25. Water is flowing in a conical cistern at the rate of 8 m 3/min. If the
height of the inverted cone is 12 m and the radius of its circular
opening is 6 m. How fast is the water rising when the water is 4 m in
depth. PAST ECE/ME BOARD.
a. 0.36 m/min b. 0.64 m/min
c. 0.44 m/min d. 0.56 m/min
26. A man is walking at the rate of 4 m/s across a bridge 30 m above
a river. A boat traveling 12 m/s at right angle to the roadway of the
bridge pass directly beneath her. How fast is the distance between the
boat and the woman increasing 5 sec later.
a. 13.45 m/s b. 11.43 m/s
c. 12.11 m/s d. 14. 22 m/s
27. The sides of a triangle are 6 m and 9 m respectively. If the
included angle is changing at the rate of 2 rad/s, at what rate is the 3 rd
side changing when the included angle is 600?
a. 11.78 m/s b. 12.33 m/s
c. 10.23 m/s d. 8.91 m/s

Page 307
28. A ballon leaving the ground 18 m from the observer rises 3 m/s.
How fast is the angle of elevation of the line of sight increasing after 8
seconds.
a. 0.06 rad/s b. 0.05 rad/s
c. 0.07 rad/s c. 0.08 rad/s
29. Find the minimum volume of a rignt circular cylinder that can be
inscribed in a sphere of radius 100 cm.
a. 2418399.152 cm 3 b. 2438399.152 cm 3
c. 3418399.152 cm 3 d. 7418399.152 cm 3
30. Find the area of the largest rectangle with sides parallel to the
coordinate axes which can be inscribed in the area bounded by the
two parabolas y = 26 x2 and y = x2 + 2.
a. 32 b. 64
c. 128 d. 72
31. Find the area of the largest isosceles triangle that can be
inscribed in a circle of radius 6 inches.
a. 51.32 b. 46.76
c. 32.21 d. 41.22
32. A statue 3 m high is standing on a base 4 m high. If an
observers eye is 1.5 m above the ground. How far should he stand
from the base in order that the angle subtended by the statue is
maximum. PAST ECE BOARD
a. 3.71 m b. 4.33 m
c. 2.11 m d. 1.81 m
33. Water is running in a hemispherical bowl having a radius of 10 cm
at a constant rate of 3 cm 3.min. When the water is x cm deep, the
water level is rising at the rate of 0.0149 cm/min. What is the value of
x? PAST CE BOARD.
a. 3 b. 2
c. 4 d. 5
34. Find the equation of the line tangent to the curve y = x 3 6x2 +
5x + 2 at its point of inflection.
a. Y = 10 7x b. Y = 20 7x
c. Y = 10 + 7x d. Y = 11 + 7x
35. Determine a, b and c so that the curve y = ax 3 + bx2 + cx will
have a slope of 4 at its point of inflection (-1,-5).

Page 308
a. a = 2 b = 1 c = 7 b. a = 1 b = 3 c = 7
c. a = -2 b = -3 c = 1 d. a = 4 b = 1 c = 2
36. Determine a, b, c and d so that the curve
y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d will have a critical point at the origin and a
point of inflection at (2,4).
a. a = -1/4 , b = 3/2 , c = 0 , d = 0
b. a = 1/2, b = -1 , c = 2 , d = 1
c. a = -1, b = 2 , c = -3 , d= 0
d. a = 1, b = -1, c = 2 , d = -1
37. Find the minimum length of a ladder that will reach a building and
rest on a wall 1.5 m high which is 1.2 m from a building.
a. 3.4 m b. 3.8 m
c. 4.1 m d. 4.4 m
38. An object is projected vertically upward. If the distance traveled
by an object is expressed as h = 100t 16.1t2. What is the velocity of
the object after 2 seconds?
a. 33.2 m/s b. 35.6 m/s
c. 33.2 m/s d. 32.8 m/s
39. Find acute angle of intersection of the parabolas
y = x2 -2x -3 and y = - x2 + 6x - 3. PAST CE BOARD
a. 36.030 b. 41.210
c. 44.120 d. 11.80
40. Find the acute angle of intersection between y = sin x and y = cos
x at the first point of intersection in the 1st quadrant.
a. 67.120 b. 39.340
c. 70.53 0 d. 41.220
41. The equation y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d has a critical point at (-1,4)
and a point of inflection at ( 2, -50). Find the coefficients a, b, c and d.
a. a = 1 c = -15 d= -4 and b = -6
b. a = 1 c = -11 d= -1 and b = -6
c. a = -1 c = -15 d= 4 and b = -6
d. a = 2 c = -10 d= -4 and b = -6
42. If P 20,000 will watch a concert at an admission price of P 100,
and if for evert P 5 added to the price, 500 fewer people will attend,
what is maximum gate receipt?
a. 2, 550,000 b. 2, 250,000

Page 309
 c. 2, 270,000 d. 2, 150,000
43. The cost of fuel in a locomotive is proportional to the square of
the speed and is $25 per hour for a speed of 25 miles per hour. Other
cost amount to $100 per hr regardless of the speed. What is the
speed which will make the cost per mile a minimum?
a. 40 mph b. 30 mph
c. 50 mph d. 76 mph
44. A ferriswheel has a radius of 10 m. Its center is 12 m above the
ground. When the passenger is 17 m above the ground, he is moving
at the rate of 1.81 m/s. What is the speed of rotation of the wheel in
rpm? CE BOARD Nov 2005
1. 3 b. 5
c. 4 d. 2
45. A particle moves according to the parametric equations y = 2t 2
and x = t3 where x and y are the displacements in meters and time is
in seconds. Determine the acceleration of the body after 3 seconds.
PAST CE BOARD.
a. 18.44 m/s2 b. 12.44 m/s2
c. 28.44 m/s2 d. 11.22 m/s2
46. Find the acute angle of interection of the curves x + xy = 1 and
y3 = (x+1)2 . CE BOARD Nov 2008
a. 34.60 b. 70.40
c. 78.1 0 d. 81.20
47. A particle moves on the x axis so that its position at any time is
given by x = 2te-t. Find the acceleration of the particle at t = 0.
a. -2 b. 3
c. -4 d. -1
48. Consider the curve y2 = 4 + x and chord AB joining points A(-
4,0) and B(0,2) on the curve. Find the x coordinate of the point on
the curve where the tangent line is parallel to chord AB.
a. 1 b. 2
c. -1 d. -3
49. Two posts one is 10 m high and the other 15 m high stand 30 m
apart. They are to be stayed by transmission wires attached to a
single stake at ground level, the wires running to the top of the posts.
Where should the stake be placed to use the least amount of wire.

Page 310
 a. 15 m b. 11 m
c. 12 m d. 14 m
50. The parametric equation of a moving particle is
x = tcos 3t , y = t4et and x, y are in meters and time t is in
seconds. Find the acceleration of the particle when time t = 1 sec.
Find the acceleration of the particle.
a. 43.21 m/s2 b. 57.65 m/s2
c. 44.12 m/s 2 d. 71.22 m/s2
51. Find the minmum length of the line segment intercepted between
the positive coordinate axes is a minimum that passes trough (3,4)
PAST CE BOARD
a. 9.56 b. 9.87
c. 10.12 d. 11.21

52. What is the mimumum vertical distance between the parabolas x

= y2 and y = 1 + x2
a. 0.671 b. 0.5275
c. 0.5333 d. 0.5771

A gutter with trapezoidal cross section is to be made from a long strip

of metal 22 cm wide by bending up the edges. If the base is to be 14
cm wide,
53. What width across the top gives the greatest carrying volume?
a. 18 cm b. 16 cm
c. 17 cm d. 19 cm

54. What is the greatest carrying volume?

a. 58.1 cu cm b. 58.3 cu cm
c. 59.1 cu cm d. 60.1 cu cm

55. A circular cone was carved out of a sphere of radius 10 cm.

What is the least amount of material wasted.
a. 2947.7 cm3 b. 3411.4 cm3
c. 4422.1 cm3 d. 2666.1 cm3

Page 311
56. Water is flowing in a conical reservoir 40 ft deep and 16 feet
across the top at the rate of 2 ft3/min. Find how fast the surface is
rising when the water is 4 ft deep.
a. 0.85 ft/min b. 0.95 ft/min
c. 0.83 ft/min d. 0.66 ft/min

57. Suppose the rectangular prisms dimension were determined. The

length of the base was 15 in with a possible error of 0.25 in. The
width is 10 inches with a possible error of 0.1 in. The height is 24
in with a possible error of 0.3 in. What is the maximum error on
the volume of the prism?
a. 134 in3 b. 151 in3
c. 141 in 3 d. 167 in3

58. The sides of a triangle are measured to be 30 m and 45 m and to

include a 300 angle. The possible error in measuring the 1st side is
0.15 m and in the other is 0.2 m while the maximum possible error in
measuring the angle is 30. Find the largest possible error in the
computed area ( using differentials )
a. 8.335 m2 b. 8.289 m2
c. 9.122 m2 d. 10.332 m2

59-60
The measurement of the side of the cube is 6 cm long. If this length
has an error of 1/12 cm. Find approximately ( using differentials) the
greatest error in
59. The Volume
a. 9 cm3 b. 10 cm3
c. 11 cm 3 d. 12 cm3

60. The surface Area

a. 4 cm2 b. 5 cm2
c. 6 cm2 d. 7 cm2

61-62

Page 312
 In the 1st quadrant of the curve y = 9 x2, a tangent line is drawn. The
tangent line intersects the coordinate axes at points U and V.
61. Find the minimum length of UV.
a. 10.23 b. 10.76
c. 11.18 d. 9.33

62. Find the coordinates of the point of tangency.

a. ( 1,8 ) b. ( 2, 5)
c. ( 1.2, 7.56) d. ( 0.5, 8.75)

63. Water is flowing into a paraboloid of revolution of height 3 m and

radius 1 m at the top at 0.3 cu m per min. At what rate is the depth
increasing when water is 0.7 m.
a. 0.205 m/s b. 0.409 m/s
c. 0.112 m/s d. 0.331 m/s

64. A sector of central angle is removed from a circular sheet of

tin
( radius = 100 cm) and the remaining material is made into a right
circular cone. Find the value of so that the volume of the cone will
be maximum.
a. 68.07 deg b. 67.32 deg
c. 66.06 deg d. 58.44 deg

The upper end of the ladder 5 m long leans against a vertical wall.
Suppose the foot of the ladder slips away from the wall at the rate of
0.1 m/min

Page 313
65. How fast is the top of the ladder descending when its foot is 3 m
from the wall?
a. 0.986 m/min b. 0.075 m/min
c. 0.331 m/min d. 0.044 m/min

66. When will the top and bottom of the ladder move at the same
rate?
a. x = 3.45 m b. x = 4.3 m
c. x = 3.54 m d. x = 3.67 m

67. When is the top of the ladder descending at the rate of 0.15
m/min?
a. x = 4.21 m b. x = 5.11 m
c. x = 4.16 m d. x = 3.86 m

68. How fast is the angle at the foot of the ladder decreasing when
the foot is 3 m from the wall?
a. 0.025 rad/min b. 0.011 rad/min
c. 0.112 rad/min d. 0.442 rad/min

Answers.

Page 314
1.

Let t = time of 1st car after 12:00

t + 2 = time of the 2nd car.
S ( 45t ) 2 [30(t 2) 2 ]
at 4: 00 PM t = 2
dS/dt when t = 2

d/dt ( 45t )2 [30(t 2)2 ] | t = 2 is 51 kph

2.

S (30 60t ) 2 (30t ) 2 2(30 60t )( 30t ) cos 120 0

dS/dt when t = 1
= d/dt (30 60t )2 (30t )2 2(30 60t )(30t ) cos120 0 | t = 1
= 45 kph

3.
V
r 3 ( radius of a closed cylinder of minimum area)
2
V = 11.3 r = 1.216 cm
d = 2(1.216) = 2.432 cm

Page 315
4.
V
r 3 V = 576.53
2
r = 4.51 cm
V = r2 h = 576.53
h = 9.02 m
S = 2r2 + 2rh = 383.4 m
5.

This is also a problem of minimum area , max volume.

h is always equal to 2r
h = 2r
381.7 = 2r2 + 2r h
r = h/2
381.7 = 2( h/2)2 + ( h) (h)
h= 9
6.

Then 16823 = x2 y
y = 16823/x2
V = x2 + 4hx
S = 4hx + x2
S = 4(16823/x2) x + x2
S = 67292/x + x2

Page 316
 ds/dx = -67292/x2 + 2x = 0
x = 32.28
and y = 16823/x2 = 16.14 cm
7. Use the table menu of your calculator.
ENTER: MODE 7
Input f(x) = 50x2 200x + 10000
START = 1
END = 7
STEP = 1
The maximum value will be at x = 7
Ans. 11050
8.

0.25 rev/hr = 0.25 x 2 = /2 rad/hr

x
tan = tan-1 (0.5x)
2
d/dt = d/dt ( tan-1 (0.5x) )
= d/d( tan-1 (0.5x) )| x = 1 dx/dt
/2 = (2/5) dx/dt
dx/dt = 3.93 kph
9.
a = 3 and b = 2
et x = length y = width
For maximum area:
x = a2 and y = b2
A = xy where
A = (32)(22 ) = 12
10.

Page 317
 d 2 ( x 4)2 ( y 2)2
y2
x d2 = ( y2/8 4)2 + (y-2)2
8
2dd = 2( y2/8 -4)( 2y)(1/8) + 2(y-2) = 0
y= 4
x = y2/8 = 2
The point is ( 2, 4)
Distance between ( 2,4) and ( 4, 2)
is Abs( -2 2 ) = 2.828
11.
Let x = one number
K x is one of the number
P = (K-x)(x)3 = 0
P = (K-x)(3x2) + x3( -1) = 0
(K-x)(3) - x = 0
3K = 4x
x = 3K/4 and the other number is K/4
12. Let t = time after 4 PM

Page 318
S (26t )2 (32(t 0.5))2 2(26t )(32 )(t 0.5) cos 105 0
dS/dt when t= 1 hr ( 5 PM ) is 44.6088 mph

13.

For the inscribed rectangle of maximum area, the height y must be

half the altitude of the circumscribed triangle.
Input cos1 A B C
2 2 2
CALC? A = 7, B = 9, C = 5 =
2 AB
for angle A: A = 7 , B = 9 , C = 5
angle A = 33.560
height of triangle = 7 sin A = 3.87
Then y = 3.87 /2 = 1.935 m
14.

Page 319
For a cylinder of maximum volume inscribed in a cone,
radius = 2/3 of the height of the circumscribing cone.
= (2/3)6 = 4 cm
15. For a cylinder of maximum volume inscribed in a cone,
height = 1/3 of the height of circumscribing cone.
h = 1/3(12) = 4 cm and r = 4 cm from prob 14.
Then V = r2h
= (4)2(4) = 201.06 cm3
16.
For maximum lateral area of a cylinder inscribed in a cone,
radius = 1/2 of the radius of the circumscribing cone.
radius = 1/2( 6 ) = 3 m
17 18 19
Note: t = 1 1 PM
t = 2 2 PM
t=3 3 PM
ENTER: MODE 7
Input: t3 9t2 + 15t + 45 (replace t by X )
START = 1
END = 6
STEP = 1
DISPLAY:
X Y
1 52
2 47
3 36
4 25
5 20
6 27

Page 320
17. Traffic is fastest at t = 1 1: 00 PM
18. Traffic is slowest at t = 5 5:00 PM
19. Slowest speed = 20 kph

20.

A = xy y/ ( 120 x) = 160/120 y = 4/3( 120-x)

A = x( 4/3)( 120 x )
A = 4/3 ( 120 x2) dA/dx = 0 120 2x = 0 x = 60
and y = 4/3 ( 120 -60) = 80

Note( For maximum area of rectangle inscribed in a triangle.

x = 1/2 (160) = 80
y = 1/2 ( 120) = 60
A = 80 x 60 = 4800 m 2
Perimeter = 2x + 2y = 280 m
21.
C = 60x2 0.01x3
C/x = 60x 0.01x2
d(C/x)/dx = 60 2(0.01)x = 0
x = 3000
22.

Page 321
The sides 4.25 , 8.62 and 9.61 form a right triangle
since Abs( 4.25 8.62) = 9.61
tan B = 8.62/ 4.26 B = 63.70
h = 4.26 sin 63.7 = 3.82 m
For maximum inscribed rectangle, x = 1/2h
y = 1/2(3.82) = 1.91 m
Use similar triangles.
hy h
, y= 1.91 , h = 3.82
x 9.61
x = 4.805 m
Or USE MODE 3 2 (Triangle CBA )
x y
0 9.61
3.83 0
(3.83/2) = 4.805 (This is also half the hypotenuse)
23.

Cost of the cable = 4x + 5 (3000 x )2 900 2

Page 322
Just use trial and error. The derivative of the cost must be zero for
most economical cost.
d / dx ( 4 x 5 (3000 x )2 900 2 ) | x 1800 is 0.
Answer: 1800
24.
100 liters per min = 100/1000 = 0.1 m 3/ min
= 1/600 m3/sec dy/dt = 0.0004916 m/s

Volume of water in the tank

= 1/3y [ x2 + (1)2 + 1(x) ]
Find the relationship between x and y.
The coordinates are (1.5,2) and (1,0)
MODE 3 2
x y
1 0
1.5 2
A = -4 B = 4 y = -4 + 4x or x = 1 + 0.25y
V = 1/3y [ ( 1 + 0.25y)2 + 1 + 1( 1 + 0.25y) ]
Let f(y) = 1/3y [ ( 1 + 0.25y)2 + 1 + 1( 1 + 0.25y) ]
Then dV/dt = d/dt f(y)
dV/dt = d/dy f(y) dy/dt
d/dy f(y) = dV/dt / dy/dt
= 1/600 / 0.0004916
= 3.39
Using trial and error:
d/dy(f(y) when y = 0.155 is 3.39 ( Ok)
Ans. 0.155 m or 15.5 cm
CALCULATOR TECHNIQUE:
MODE 3 3

Page 323
X Y
0 (1)2 (base )
2 (1.5) 2 ( top )
1 (1.25)2 ( at the middle )
dV/dt = x dy/dt dV/dt = 1/60 m3/s dy/dt = 0.0004916 m/s
Using Trial and Error:
x = 1/60 / 0.0004916 = 33.9
0.155 = 3.39 ( Ans. )
To get exact values ( No Trial and Error )
or get the value of A ( A = 3.1416 ) ,
get the value of B ( B = 1.5708 )
get the value of C ( C = 0.19634 )
dV/dt =( A + Bx + Cx2) dx/dt (Note dx/dt is actually dy/dt )
1/60 = ( A + Bx + Cx2 ) ( 0.0004916)
A + Bx + Cx2 = 1/600 / 0.0004916 =
Cx2 + Bx + A 1/600/ ( 0.0004916) = 0
MODE 5 3
x = 0.155 ( discard x = - 8.15 )

25.

V = 1/3 x2y
x/y = 6/12 x = 0.5y
V = 1/3(0.5y)2y
dV/dt = d/dy (1/3(0.5y)2y) dy/dt
8 = d/dy(1/3(0.5y)2y) | y = 4 dy/dt
8 = 4 dy/dt
dy/dt = 0.6366 m/min
CALCULATOR TECHNIQUE:
Page 324
MODE 3 3
x y
0 0
12 (6)2
-12 (6)2
when height = 4
dV/dt = 4 dy/dt
8 = 12.56637 dy/dt
dy/dt = 0.6366 m/min

26.

S ( 4t ) 2 (12t ) 2 30 2

d/dt S = d/dt ( 4t )2 (12t )2 30 2 | t= 5

= 11.43 m/s
27.

Page 325
 Z 6 2 9 2 2(6)( 9) cos
dZ/dt = d/dt 6 2 9 2 2(6)(9) cos
= d/d 6 2 9 2 2(6)( 9) cos d/dt
dZ/dt when = 600 or /3
dZ/dt = d/d 6 9 2(6)(9) cos
2 2
| = /3 (2)
= 5.89188(2)
= 11.78 m/s
(Note: The calculator must be in radian mode)
Just replace by x.
28.

3t
tan tan 1(3t / 18)
18
d/dt = d/dt tan1(3t / 18) | t = 8
Note: Go to RAD MODE
d/dt = 0.06 rad/s

29.

Page 326
 For a minimum volume of a cylinder inscribed in a sphere,
Volume = 1/3 of the Volume of the sphere.
V = 1/3 ( 4/3(100)3 )
= 2418399.152 cm 3
30.

A = 2x(24-2x2) = 48x 4x3

dA/dx = 48 12x2 = 0
x= 2
A = 48(2) 4(2)3 = 64
31.

A = 1/2 ( 6 + y)(2x ) = x( 6 + y)
x2 + y2 = 36

y= 36 x 2
A=x(6+ 36 x 2 ) (1)

A = 6x + x 36 x 2
This is difficult to differentiate.

Page 327
 Use table menu.
ENTER MODE 7 and enter:

f(x) = 6x + x 36 x 2
START = 0
END = 6 (This is the max possible value of x )
STEP = 0.5
PARTIAL DISPLAY:
4.5 44.848
5 46.583
5.5 46.188
The maximum value lies between x = 4.5 and x = 5.5.
START = 4.5
END = 5.5
STEP = 0.1
Maximum value is at x= 5.2 with f(x) = 46.756
Ans. 46.76
32.

tan = 2.5/x tan ( + ) = 5.5 /x

= tan ( 2.5/x)
-1 + = tan-1 ( 5.5 /x)
= tan-1 ( 5.5 /x) - tan-1 ( 2.5/x)
USE MODE 7
f(x) = tan-1 ( 5.5 /x) - tan-1 ( 2.5/x)
START: 0
END: 10
STEP: 1
DISPLAY:
x F(x)
Page 328
1 11.496
2 18.676
3 21.583
4 21.967 Maximum Angle
5 21.161

START: 3
END: 5
STEP: 0.1
3.6 22.015
3.7 22.024
3.8 22.018
START: 3.6
END: 3.8
STEP: 0.01
MAX 3.71 22.024
Distance = 3.71 and angle = 22.0240
(Note: For this type of problem)
The value of x for maximum value of = 2.5 5.5
= 3.7081

33.

V = 1/3 x2( 3(10) x)

V = /3 ( 30x2 x3 )
when x = ? dV/dt = 3 dx/dt = 0.0149
dV/dt = /3 ( 60x 3x2) dx/dt
3 = /3 ( 60x 3x2 )( 0.0149)
x= 4

Page 329
MODE 3 3
x y
0 0
10 (10)2
20 0
A= 0 B = 62.83185 C = -3.1416
dV/dt = ( Bx + Cx2 ) dx/dt
3/0.0149 = ( Bx + Cx2)
Cx2 + Bx - 3/0.0149 = 0
USE MODE 5 3
x = 4 ( 16 is discarded )

34.
Point of Inflection: y = 0
y(x) = x3 6x2 + 5x + 2 (1)
y(x) = 3x2 -12x + 5 (2)
y(x) = 6x -12 = 0
x=2
From 1: y(2) = -4 (The point is ( 2, -4) )
From 2: y(2) = -7 ( this is the slope)
Y = A + Bx
-4 = A + (-7)(2)
A = 10
Y = 10 7x
35.
y = ax3 + bx2 + cx
-5 = a(-1)3 + b(-1)2 + c(-1)
-5 = -a + b - c (1)
y = 3ax2 + 2bx + c
4 = 3a(-1)2 + 2b(-1) + c
3a 2b + c = 4 (2)
y = 6ax + 2b ( -1,5) is a point of inflection.
0 = 6a(-1) + 2b
-6a + 2b = 0 (3)
Solve equations 1, 2 and 3 using MODE 5 2

Page 330
a=1 b=3 c =7
36.
y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
at (0,0)
0 = a(0)3 + b(0)2 +c(0) + d
d=0
at (2,4)
4 = a(2)3 + b(2)2 + c(2) + d
4 = 8a + 4b + 2c since d = 0 (1)
y = 3ax2 + 2bx + c
Critical point is at (0,0) , y = 0
4=0+0+ c
c=0
y = 6ax + 2b (Point of inflection is at x = 2 )
0 = 6a(2) + 2b
12a + 2b = 0 (1)
From 1, 8a + 4b = 4 (2) since c = 0
Solve equations 1 and 2.
a = -1/4 , b = 3/2
37.

For the minimum length of ladder :

L2 / 3 1.22 / 3 1.5 2 / 3
L = 3.8 m
38.
velocity after 2 seconds = d/dt( 100t 16.1t2 )| t = 2
= 35.6 m/s
39. Find the intersection.
x2 2x 3 = - x2 6x 3

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 2x2+4x = 0
x = 0 and x = 4
y = -3 and y = 5
Point of intersection (0,-3) and (4,5)
Get the slope of y = x2 2x 3 when x = 0
d/dx(x2 2x 3)| x = 0 is -2
Get the slope of y = - x2 6x 3
d/dx(- x2 + 6x 3)| x = -2 is 6
Angle of intersection = tan-1 (6 ) tan-1(-2) = 143.970
The acute angle is 180 143.973 = 36.020
(You can also use the other point ( 4,5) )

40. Solve for the intersection.

sin x = cos x
x = /4
d/dx sin x | x = /4 is 0.7071
d/dx cos x| x = /4 is -0.7071
tan-1 ( 0.7071) tan-1 (-0.7071) = 70.530
41.
The curve passes trough (-1,4) and ( 2, -50).
y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
4 = a(-1)3 + b(-1)2 + c(-1) + d
4 = -a + b c + d (1)
-50 = a(2)3 + b(2)2 + c(2) + d
-50 = 8a + 4b + 2c + d (2)
y = 3ax2 + 2bx + c
0 = 3a(-1)2 + 2b(-1) + c (Critical point: y = 0)
0 = 3a 2b + c (3)
y = 6ax + 2b
0 = 6a(2) + 2b (4) (Inflection point, y = 0 )
The equations are :
-a + b c + d = 4 (1)
8a + 4b + 2c + d = -50 (2)
3a 2b + c = 0 (3)
12a +2b = 0 (4)
From (4). b = -6a

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Substitute this to all the equations to reduce the system to 3
unknowns.
-a - 6a c + d = 4
-7a c + d = 4 (new 1)
8a + 4(-6a) + 2c + d = -50
-16a + 2c + d = -50 (new 2)
3a 2(-6a) + c = 0
15a + c + 0d = 0 (new 3)
Solve new 1, new 2, new 3.
a = 1 c = -15 d= -4 and b = -6
42.
Price People that will attend
100 20000
105 19500
ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input the given data.
X Y
100 20000
105 19500
A = 30000 B = -100
Price in terms of attendance is 30000 100x
Gate Receipt = x(30000 -100x)
d/dx( x(30000-100x) ) = 30000 200x = 0
x = 150
Gate receipt = 150(30000-100(150) ) = 2, 250,000
43.
Let C = cost of fuel per hr
Then C = kv2
C =2 5 , v = 25
25 = k(25)2
k = 1/25
C = v2/25
Total Cost per hr = v2/25 + 100
Cost per mile = cos t per hr
speed in miles / hr

Page 333
 X = v / 25 100
2
v 100
X=
v 25 v
dX/dv must be zero.
dX/dv = 1/25 100/v2 = 0
v = 50 mph
44.

The height at any angle is

x = 12 + 10sin
When x = 17 , = 300
dx/dt = d/dt ( 12 + 10 sin )
= d/d ( 12 + 10 sin ) d/dt
1.81 =[ d/d ( 12 + 10 sin )| = 300 ] d/dt
Note: Go to radian mode.
30 must be typed 300 (30 SHIFT Ans 1)
1.81 = 8.66 d/dt
d/dt = 0.209 rad/s
0.209 rad /s x 60/(2) min/rev = 2 RPM
45.
ay = d/dt(4t) | t = 3 is 4
ax = d/dt(3t2)| t = 3 is 18
a = Abs< 4 18 > = 18.44 m/s2

46. Find the intersection.

x + xy =1 xy = 1 - x
y = ( 1 x)/x and y = ( x + 1)2/3
( 1-x)/x = ( x + 1)2/3
(1-x) = x(x + 1)2/3
USE SHIFT CALC.

Page 334
 x = 0.4396
d/dx (( 1 x)/x | x = 0.4396 is -5.175
d/dx( ( x + 1)2/3) | x = 0.4396 is 0.59
tan-1( 0.59) tan-1( -5.175) = 109.60
The acute angle is 180 109.60 = 70.40
47. d/dt( 2te-t) when t = 0 is 2
d/dt(2te-t) when t = 0.000001 is 1.999996
a = (1.999996 2)/ ( 0.000001 ) = - 4
48.
slope AB = ( 2 - 0)/ ( 0 + 4) = 1/2
For y2 = 4 + x
2yy = 1 but y = 1/2
2(y)(1/2) = 1
y=1 then
12 = 4 + x
x = -3
49.

For least amount of wire, =

10 15

x 30 x
x = 12
50.
For ax d/dt(tcos 3t)| t = 1 is -.4133
d/dt(tcos 3t) | t = 1.000001 is -1.413344
ax = ( -1.413344 + 0.4133)/0.000001 = 8.063 m/s2
For ay
d/dt(t4et): t = 1 is 13.591
d/dt(t4et)| t = 1.000001 is 13.5914662
ay = (13.5914662 13.591)/ 0.000001 is 57.08
a = Abs< 8.063 57.08 > = 57.65 m/s2
Page 335
51.

Equation of the line: y = A + Bx

4 = A + 3B
A = 4 3B
y = 4 3B + Bx
x intercept y = 0 , 4 3B + Bx = 0
x = ( 3B-4)/B = 3 4/B
y intercept x = 0 y = 4 3B

L = ( x2 + y2 ) = [( 3 4/B )2 + ( 4 3B)2]
Let B = x USE MODE 7
f(x) = [( 3 4/x )2 + ( 4 3x)2]
START X = -2 END x = 0 STEP .1 ( SLOPE IS
NEGATIVE)
Min length is 9.8656 ( happens between x = -1.2 and x = -1
START X = -1.2 END = -1 STEP 0.01
Min Length = 9.8656 at B = -1.1

52.
Minimum Vertical Distance = y2 - y1
= 1 + x2 - x
USE MODE 7
f(x) = 1 + x2 - x
START x = 0 END = 1 STEP 0.1

Page 336
Min distance x = 0.4 , happened between x = 0.3 , x =0.5
START X = 0.3 END = 0.5 STEP 0.01
Min distance happens when x = 0.4 Distance = 0.5275

53-54

Altitude of the trapezoid = ( x 14) 2

(4 2 ) ( )
2

Area of the trapezoid = ( X + 14)/2 ( x 14) 2

(4 2 ) ( )
2
MODE 7
f(x) = ( X + 14)/2 ( x 14) 2
(4 2 ) ( )
2
START: 14 ( Note x cannot be less than 14 )
END: 22
STEP : 0.5
DISPLAY:
X F(X)
14 56
14.5 56.888
15 57.545
15.5 57.953
16 58.094
16.5 57.944
17 57.475

Max Volume = 58.094 , when x = 16

START: 15.5

Page 337
END: 16.5
STEP: 0.1
F(x)
15.9 58.088
16 58.094 Width at the top with Max Volume
16.1 58.088

55.

Let w = diameter of the cone and x = height.

Then w = 2 20x x 2 ( Width = 2 (Dx x2) )

where D = diameter of the circle

Volume of the cone = 1/3 W 2/4 x

= 1/3 ( 2 20x x 2 )2/4 x

= 1/3 ( 4 ( 20x - x2) /4 ) x
= 1/3 ( 20x2 - x3 )
MODE 7
f(x) = 1/3 ( 20x2 - x3 )
START: 1
END: 20
STEP: 1
Partial Display:
X F(X)
12 1206.3

Page 338
13 1238.8
14 1231. 5
START: 12
END: 14
STEP: 0.1
Max Volume:
X F(X)
13.3 1241.0997 or 1241.1
Material Wasted = 4/3 ( 10)3 - 1241.1 =

56.

When water is 4ft deep

dV/dt = 4 dy/dt where dy/dt = the speed, water surface is
rising.
MODE 3 3
X Y
0 0
40 (8)2
-40 (8)2
4 = 2.0106193 ( 4 SHIFT 1 5 6 )
2 = 2.0106193 dy/dt dy/dt = 0.95 ft/min

57.
V = xyz

Page 339
dV = V / xdx V / ydy V / zdz
= yz ( 0.25) + xz ( 0.1) + xy ( 0.3)
x = 15, y = 10, z = 24
= 141 in3

58.

A = 0.5 x y sin
d A = V / xdx V / ydy V / d
= 0.5 y sin dx + 0.5 x sin dy + 0.5 xy cos dz

= 8.289 m2
59-60
V = s3
dV = 3s2 ds
dV = 3( 6)2 (1/12) = 9 cm3
S = 6s2
dS = 12 s ds = 12 (6) ( 1/12) = 6 cm 2

USING CAL TECHNIQUE:

59. d/dx (x3 ) x= 6 x 1/12 = 9
60. d/dx (6x2) x = 6 x 1/12 = 6

61-62

Page 340
y = 9 x2 y = - 2x
slope at ( A, B ) = - 2A
Relationship between A and B: B = 9 A2
Equation of line UV :
y - B = - 2A ( x A )
When x = 0 , y = B + 2A2 ( 0, B + 2A2)
when y = 0, 0 B = - 2A ( x A ) x = B/( 2A) + A
( 0.5 B/A + A, 0)
Distance UV = (0.5B / A A) 2 (B 2 A 2 ) 2
B = 9 - A2

9 A2
D= (0.5 A ) 2 (9 A 2 2 A 2 ) 2
A
USE MODE 7, Replace A by X.
START: 0
END: 3 ( max possible value is less than 3 )
STEP: 0.5
x f(x)
0 error
0.5 13.081
1 11.18
1.5 11.858
..
The minimum distance = 11.18 with x = 1 and y = 9 x2 = 8

Page 341
63.

Get the relationship between x and y

MODE 3 3
X Y
0 0
1 3
-1 3
A=0 B =0 C = 3
Thus: y = 3x2 or x2 = y/3
Volume = x y 2

Then: V = (y/3)(y)
dV/dt = 1/2d/dt ((y/3)y) ) = 1/2d/dy ((y/3)y) )y=0.7 dy/dt
0.3 = 0.733 dy/dt
dy/dt = 0. 41 m/s

64.
Let x = radius of the cone
Then 2(100) - 100 = 2 x
x = 100 (1- /(2) )

Page 342
Volume of Cone = 1/3 (x2) 1002 x 2
USE MODE 7

ENTER: f(x) = 1/3 (x2) 1002 x 2

START? 0
END? 100
STEP? 10

Biggest Value happens between x = 80

ENTER: AC
START? 70
END? 90
STEP: 1
Biggest value happens between 81 and 83
START: 81
END: 83
STEP: 0.1
Biggest Value happens when x= 81. 6
START: 81. 5
END: 81.7
STEP: 0.01
Biggest Value happens when x = 81.65
Then

x = 100 (1- /(2) )

Page 343
81.65 = 100 ( 1 - /(2) )
= 1.153 or 66.060

65-66-67-68

X2 + Y2 = 52
Then Y = 25 2
dx/dt = 0.1 m/min
Then dy/dt = d/dt 25 2
= d/dx 25 2 x=3 dx/dt = -0.75(0.1)
65. = -0.075 m/min

66. dy/dt = - dx/dt ( y is going down )

dy/dt = d/dx(25 2 ) dx/dt
Since dy/dt = -dx/dt
Then d/dx (25 2 )x= x? = -1
Using trial and error ( Use the choices )
x = 3.536
67. When is the top of the ladder descending at 0.15 m/min?
dy/dt = d/dx(25 2 ) dx/dt
dy/dt = -0.15
dx/dt = 0.1
-0.15 = d/dx(25 2 ) when x = ? (0.1)
Using Trial and Error ( Use the choices )
x = 4.16
68. Tan = y/x

25 x 2
tan =
x
25 x 2
and tan 1
x
25 x 2
tan 1

Page 344
 1 25 x 2
d/dt = d/dt tan
x
1 25 x 2
= d/dx tan dx/dt
x x 3

(Rad Mode )
= -1/4( 0.1) = -0.025 rad/min

PROBLEM SET 22
INTEGRATION, AREA, VOLUME, SURFACE AREA, LENGTH OF
AN ARC, CENTROID
(3 x 1) dx PAST ECE BOARD
3
1. Evaluate
1
a. (3 x 1) 4 c b. (3 x 1) 4 c
9
1 1
c. (3 x 1) 4 c c. (3 x 1)4 c
3 12
2. Evaluate cos 2xe sin 2 x dx PAST CE BOARD
a. 1/2 esin2x + c b. 2 esin2x + c
c. 1/2 ecos 2x + c d. 1/2 ecos2x + c

3. cos2 ydy PAST CE BOARD

a. 1/2y + 1/4sin2y + c b. 1/4y + 1/2sin2y + c
c. 1/2y + 1/2sin2y + c d. 1/9y + 1/2sin2y + c

4. 1 cos x dx
2 sin2 x = 1 cos x
Page 345
a. 2( cos x / 2) c b. 1/ 2( cos x / 2) c
c. 2 2( cos x / 2) c d. 4 2( cos x / 2) c

5. e 1 dx
x

ex 1
a. ln [(e-x +1)( ex -1)] + c b. ln [(ex +1)( e-x +1)] + c
c. ln [(ex +1)( 2e-x -1)] + c d. ln [(ex -1)( e-x -1)] + c
Problems 6, 7, 8
CE BOARD May 2008
The motion of a particle in space from t = 0 to t = 10 sec is defined by:
distance is in meters.
ax = 8t ay = 2 0.3t az = 5
6. What is the velocity after 2 seconds ?
a. 67.33 m/s b. 64.23 m/s
c. 87.12 m/s d. 98.12 m/s
7. What is the acceleration of the particle after 10 sec?
a. 9.5 m/s2 b. 8.1 m/s2
c. 11.2 m/s 2 d. 10.8 m/s2
8. What is the total distance traveled after 10 sec.
a. 361.22 m b. 981.11 m
c. 287.71 m d. 298.11 m
9. Find the area bounded by the curve x2 =16y and the x axis from x
= 1 to x = 3.
a. 0.5417 b. 0.2212
c. 0.5417 d. 0.8112
Problems 10, 11, 12
An area is bounded by the curve y = sin x , the x axis and the lines
x = 0 and x = .
10. What is the area bounded by the curves?
a. 3 b. 2
c.1 d. 4
11. How far is the centroid of the region above the x axis?
a. 0.3926 b. 0.4412
c. 0.8122 d. 0.7611

Page 346
12. What is the volume generated when the region is revolved about
the x axis?
a. 3.45 b. 5.67
c. 4.93 d. 5.11
a x2
13. Evaluate 2 dx
0 (a x )
2 2

a. 2 b.
2
4a a
c.
2 d. 2
2a 8a
2 2
14. The circle x + y = 36 is revolved about the line y = 4. What is
the volume generated? PAST CE BOARD
a. 9812.33 b. 8122.23
c. 9948.56 d. 1221.23
15. The area bounded by the curve y2 = 12x and the line x = 3 is
revolved about the line x =3. What is the volume generated? PAST
CE BOARD
a. 191.23 b. 123.45
c. 180.96 d. 143.33
16. What is the area bounded by the curves y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y?
PAST CE BOARD
a. 5.33 b. 4.33
c. 8.22 d. 9.11
2y
3 x 9 y dxdx PAST CE BOARD
2 2
17. Evaluate
00

a. 20 b. 30
c. 40 d. 50
18. Find the area bounded by the curve r2 = a2 cos 2
a. 0.4a2 b. 0.3a2
c. 0.5a 2 d. 1a2
19. Find the area enclosed by the curve x2 + 8y + 16 =0, the x axis,
the y axis and the line x 4 = 0. PAST CE BOARD
a. 10.67 b. 11.22
c. 13.22 d. 14.11

Page 347
20. The area bounded by the curve y = 2x1/2 the line y = 6 and
the x axis is to be revolved about the line y = 6. Determine the
cenntroid of the volume generated. PAST CE BOARD
a. 1.5 b. 1.6
c. 1.7 d. 1.8
21. Find the length of the arc of the circle x2 + y2 = 64 , bounded
by x = -1 and x= -3 in the 2nd quadrant. PAST CE BOARD
a. 2.07 b. 3.01
c. 1.98 d. 1.88
22. Find the length of the arc whose parametric equation is x=
t and y = 2t where 0 t 2 .
3 2

a. 11.67 b. 11.52
c. 12.43 d. 14.33
23. Find the radius of curvature of the vector equation
R(t) = 2ti + (t2 -1)j when t = 1
a. 0.1768 b. 0.2122
c. 0.1222 d. 0.5612
Problems 24, 25
A particle moves along the x axis so that its velocity at any time
t 0 is given by v(t) = 3t2 2t 1. The position x(t) is 5 for t = 2.
24. For what value of t, 0 t 3 is the partilcles instantaneous
velocity the same as its average velocity on the closed interval [ 0, 3 ]
a. 1.23 b. 1.44
c. 1.79 d. 1.33
25. Find the total distance traveled by the particle from time t = 0 time
t = 3.
a. 17 b. 18
c. 19 d. 20
Problems 26, 27
R is the region enclosed by the graphs y = ln( x 2 +1) and y = cos x.
26. What is the area of the region R.
a. 0.584 b. 0.332
c. 0.122 d. 0.612

Page 348
27. The base of the solid is a region R. Each cross section of the
solid perpendicular to the x axis is an equilateral triangle. What is the
volume of the solid?
a. 0.891 b. 0.198
c. 0.223 d. 0.441
Problems 28, 29
Let R be the region in the 1st quadrant eclosed by the graphs
y ex
2
, y = 1 cos x and the y axis.
28. Find the area of the region.
a. 0.78 b. 0.56
c. 0.59 d. 0.44
29. Find the volume when the region is revolved about the x axis.
a. 1.75 c. 1.81
c. 1.22 d. 1.33
30. A cubic polynomial function is defined by
f(x) = 4x3 + ax2 + bx + c. The function f has a local
minimum at x = -1 , and the graph has a point of inflection at x= -2.
1
If f ( x )dx 32 , what is the value of c?
0

a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 5
31. What is the total length of the curve r = 4 sin
a. 2 b. 3
c. 4 d. 5
32. Find the perimeter of the cardiod r = 4( 1 sin )
PAST CE BOARD
a. 24 b. 32
c. 34 d. 40
33. What is the area bounded by the curve y = 6 cos x from the x
axis to x = /6 to x = 2.
a. 22 b. 21
c. 31 d. 19
34. Find the surface area generated by rotating the 1st quadrant
portion of the curve x2 = 16 8y about the y axis. PAST CE BOARD
a. 67.11 b. 61.27

Page 349
 c. 71.23 d. 81.33
35. X years from now, one investment plan will be generating a profit
at the rate of 50 + x2 thousand pesos per year, while a second
plan will be generating at the rate of ( 200 + 5x ) thounsand pesos
per year. Find the total net excess profit if you invest in the 2 nd plan
instead of the second plan up to the time the two plans yield equal
profit. PAST CE BOARD
a. P 1687.50 b. P 1211.23
c. P 1451.61 d. P 1811.33
Problems 36, 37, 38, 39
Given the equation of the curve y = 0.1(1600 x2). CE BOARD Nov
2004
36. Find the area bounded by the curve and the x axis.
a. 8533.33 b. 8912.33
c. 8921.44 d. 1892.44
37. Find the moment of Inertia with respect to the x axis.
Moment of rectangle with respect to the base = 1/3bh3
a. 49.932 x 106 units4 b. 59.932 x 106 units4
c. 39.932 x 106 units4 d. 89.932 x 106 units4
38. Find the moment of inertia with respect to the y axis.
a. 2.73 x 106 b. 4.73 x 106
c. 6.73 x 106 d. 1.73 x 106
39. Find the radius of gyration with respect to the y axis.
a. 12.56 b. 17.89
c. 11.22 d. 13.44
Problems 40, 41, 42
Given: Area bounded by the curve y = xe-x , the x axis and the
maximum ordinate.
40. Find the area.
a. 0.345 b. 0.264
c. 0.441 d. 0.133
41. Find the volume generated if the area is revolved about the x
axis.
a. 0.611 b. 0.312
c. 0.254 d. 0.761
42. Find the moment of inertia with respect to the x axis.

Page 350
 a. 8.71 x 10-3 b. 6.71 x 10-3
c. 3.71 x 10-3 d. 3.71 x 10-3
43. Find the area which is inside the circle r = 3cos and outside
the cardiod r = 1 + cos
a. b. /2
c. /6 d. /8
44. Find the length of the curve x = 2(2t+3)3/2 and y = 3(t+1)2 from
t = -1 to t = 3.
a. 76 b. 78
c. 72 d. 80
45. A hemispherical tank of radius 6 m is filled with water to a
depth of 4 m Find the work done in pumping the water to the top of
the tank.
a. 7889.67 kN m b. 7122.23 kN m
c. 8111.33 kN m d. 8911.33 kN m
46. A tank is filled with water has the form of a paraboloid of
revolution whose axis is vertical. If the depth of the tank is 12 ft and
the diameter of the top is 8 ft, find the work done in pumping the water
to the top of the tank.
a. 37.54 tons m b. 43.12 tons m
c. 51.22 tons m d. 71.22 tons m
47. Find the area between the curves y = 2 x and the chord joining
the points (0,1) and (2,4).
a. 0.91 b.0.67
c. 0.45 d. 0.56
48. Find the area bounded by the curve y = 4 sin x and the lines x
= /3 and x = and the x axis.
a. 6 b. 8
c. 10 d. 12
49. Find the moment of inertioa with respect to the y axis of the curve
x2 = 8y bounded by the line y = 2 and x = 0. PAST CE BOARD
a. 17.07 b. 11.23
c. 13.08 d. 19.92
50. An object is moving so that its speed after t minutes is 3 + 2t +
6t2 m/min. It travels 10 m in the 1 st minute. How far does it travel in
the 1st 2 minutes? PAST CE BOARD

Page 351
 a. 10 b. 20
c. 30 d. 40
Problems 51, 52, 53
A curve has an equation y = 2x which intersects the line x = y.
PAST CE BOARD
51. Find the area between the curve and the line.
a. 2.67 b. 3.33
c. 8.11 d. 5.11
52. What is the volume generated by revolving the area about the x
axis?
a. 31/3 b. 21/3
c. 14/3 d. 32/3
53. Find the distance of the centroid of the common area from the x
axis?
a. 1.5 b. 2
c. 2.5 d. 3
54. Find the area bounded by the parabola x2 -4x + 12y -20 = 0 and
the x axis between
x = 1 and x = 2.
a. 1.97 b. 1.22
c. 1.62 d. 1.88
55. Find the length of the arc y = xx from x = 0 to x = 4/3.
a. 3.1 b. 2.07
c. 1.11 d. 3.41
56. A variable square whose plane is perpendicular to the x axis has
one vertex on the x axis and the opposite vertex on the curve xy = 4.
Find the volume of solid generated as the square moves from x = 1 to
x = 4.
a. 6 b. 12
c. 18 d. 20
57. A solid has an elliptical base with major axis of 18 inches and a
minor axis of 12 inches. Find the volume of solid if every section
perpendicular to the major axis is an equilateral triangle.
a. 767.23 b. 748.24
c. 812.33 d. 612.34

Page 352
58. Find the volume if the 1st octant , bounded by the surface x = 1
and x2 = y + 2z . CE BOARD May 2004
a. 0.03 b. 0.04
c. 0.05 d. 0.06
59. What is the length of one arch of the curve having the following
parametric equation. PAST CE BOARD
x = 2- 2 sin
y = 2 2 cos
a. 24 b. 16
c. 18 d. 12
60. The axes of two right circular cylinders of radius 4 cm intersect at
right angles. Find the volume common to the cylinders.
a. 1013/3 b. 1024/3
c. 2314/3 d. 7182/3

Answers

1. Let u 3x 1 du = 3dx
1
(3 x 1) dx (3 x 1) 4 c
3

12
2. Let u = 2sin2x du = 4cos2x dx
du
cos 2 xe
sin 2 x
dx e u
2
= 1/2 eu + c
= 1/2 esin2x + c
3. cos2y = 1/2 + 1/2cos2y
cos ydy (1/ 2 1/ 2 cos 2y )dy
2

= 1/2y + 1/4sin2y + c

4. x = sin x/2
1 cos x 2 sin2
2
x
1 cos x dx 2 sin dx 2 2 ( cos x / 2) c
2

Page 353
5. e x 1 dx xe dx dx
x x

e 1 e 1 x
e 1
e x
ex
dx dx
e 1
x
1 ex
= ln(ex +1) + ln( 1 + e-x)
= ln[( ex +1)(e-x +1 ) ] + c

10 10 10
6. v x 0.8tdt v y (2 0.3t )dt v z 5dt
0 0 0

vx = 40 vy = 5 vz = 50
v = abs< 40 5 50 >
v = 64.226 m/s
7. a = < .8(10) 2 0.3(10) 5 >
= < 8 -1 5 >
Abs< 8 -1 5 > 9.4868 m/s2
10
8. Sx 0.4t 2dt 133.33
0
10
Sy (2t 0.3t 2 / 2)dt = 50
0
10
Sz = 5tdt = 250
0

S = Abs< 133.33 50 250 > = 287.71 m

9.

3 3 x2
Area = ydx dx = 0.5417 sq units
1 1 16

10.

Page 354

A sin xdx = 2
0

11.

( y / 2) sin xdx (sin x / 2) sin xdx
y 0
0
2 2
= 0.3926
12. Using Pappus Theorem:
V = 2( A) y
= 4.9335 sq units
13.
This is a difficult integral. Just use trial and error.
1 x2
Let a = 1 , then 2 dx = 0.1427
0 (1 x )
2 2

This will just fit to choice

2 where a = 1
8
Ans. (d)

14.

Using Pappus Theorem: V = 2 ( (6)2 )(14)

= 9948.56 cubic units

Page 355
15.

y 2 2 dx= 180.96
6
V (3 x ) 2 dy (3
)
6 12
Note: The centroid of the parabolic segment is at 2/5 of the height
from the base.
V = 2 A yc = 2( 2/3)( 12 x 3 ) ( 2/5 (3) )
= 180.96 cubic units
16.

Point of intersection : Solve simultaneously:

x2
4x x = 0 and x = 4
4
y = 0 and y = 4
Point of Intersection (0,0) and ( 4,4)
4 x2
A 4x dx
0 4
A = 5.333 sq units
17.

Page 356
2y
3 x 9 y dxdy =
2 2

00
2 y 2
( x 9 y x ) dy ( y 9 y )dy = 40
3 2 3 3

0 0 0

18. ( This a a lemniscatE )

Let a = 1 USE MODE 7
Input f(x) = cos 2 x
START = 0 END = 3600 STEP = 150
X F(X)
0 1
15 0.9306
30 0.7071
45 0
60 ERROR
75 ERROR
90 ERROR
. (Error means there is no curve there)
150 0.7071
165 0.9306
180 1
.
Plot this points:

/4
1 2 /4 1
A2 r d 2 (cos 2 )d
0 2 0 2

Switch to Rad Mode.

A= 1

Page 357
Area = 1a2
19.
x2 = -8( y 2)
V( 0,2)

8y = -x2 16
y = -x2/8 - 2
4 x2
A | 2 | dx = 10.667 sq units
0 8
Note: To enter | | , enter SHIFT hyp
20.
y = 2x1/2 is y2 = 4x (Parabola)
when y = 6 , 62 = 4x , x = 9

9 9
V (6 y ) 2 dx (6 2 x ) 2 dx
0 0

= 169.646 cubic units

Vx xdV
9
169.646x x[ (6 2 x )]2 dx
0

169.646 x = 305.3628
x = 1.8
21.

Page 358
 Switch to Radiam Mode:
Pol( -3, 55 ) = ( 8, 1.95519 )
Pol( -1, 63 ) = ( 8, 1.696124 )
Note: Pol is SHIFT +
S = r = 8(1.95519 1.696124)
= 2.0725
22.
2 2
dx dy
L dt
dt dt
dx/dt = 3t2 dy/dt = 4t
2
L (3t 2 )2 ( 4t )2 dt 11.517
0

23.
Radius of Curvature for a curve R = xi + yj where x and y are
functions of t is:
x' (y ' ' ) y ' ( x' ' )
R
( x '2 y '2 )3 / 2
x = 2t x(1) = 2
x = 2 x(2) = 2
x = 0 x(0) = 0
y = t2 -1 y(1) = 0
y =2t y(1) = 2
y = 2 y(2) = 2
Substitute in the formula:
R = 0.1768
24.

Page 359
 x(t ) v (t )dt 3t 2 2t 1dt c
x(t) = t3 t2 t + c
x(2) = 5
5 = 23 22 2 + c
c= 3
x(t) = t3 t2 t + 3
x(3) = 18 x(0) = 3
Average velocity at [ 0 3 ] = x(3) x(0) 18 3 5
30 3
v(t) = 3t2 2t 1 (instantaneous velocity)
Then 3t2 2t 1 = 5
3t2 -2t 6 = 0
t = 1.786 sec
25.
3
Total distance S | 3t 2 2t 1 | dt
0

S = 17
26.
Solve for the intersection:
ln( x2 + 1) = cos x
(Go to rad mode and use SHIFT CALC )
x = 0.9158

0.9158
A cos x ln( x 2 1)dx
0

= 0.584
27.
The base of the triangle is always cos x ln (x2 + 1)

Page 360
The area of an equilateral triangle is s23 / 4
0.9158
Then V 2 3 [(cos(x ) ln( x 2 1)]2 / 4
0

= 0.19834
28.
Solve for the intersection.
e x 1 cos x
2

Use SHIFT CALC, (Switch to Radian Mode)

x = 0.941944
and y = 0.41178
Intersection: ( 0.941944, 0.41178)
Use MODE 7 to plot some points of both curves.
For e x START = 0 END = 1 STEP = 0.1
2

x f(x)
0 1
0.1 0.99
0.2 0.9607
0.3 0.9139

For 1 cos x START = 0 END = 1 STEP = 0.1
x f(x)
0 0
0.1 4.99 x 10-3
0.2 0.0199
..

(e x (1 cos x ))dx
2
A 0
0.949144

Page 361
A = 0.5909
29.

0.949144
V ( y 2 y 1 )dx = 1.7465
2 2

0

x2
where y2 = e and y1 = 1 cos x
30.
f(x) = 4x3 + ax2 + bx + c
f(x) = 12x2 + 2ax + b
0 = 12(-1)2 + 2(a)(-1) + b ( minimum at x = -1)
-2a + b = -12 (1)
f(x) = 24x + 2a
0 = 24(-2) + 2a (Inflection at x = -2 )
a = 24 m substitute in eq 1, b = 36
1
f ( x )dx 32
0

4x3 + 24x2 + 36x + c = 32

1
x4 + 8x3 + 18x2 + cx | = 32
0
14 + 8(1)3 + 18(1)2 + c(1) = 32
c= 5
31. Convert r = 4 sin to rectangular form.
sin = y/r
r = 4y/r
r2 = 4y
x2 + y2 = 4y

Page 362
 x2 + y2 4y = 0
x2 + (y-2)2 = 22
radius = 2 A= (2)2 = 4
32. The Curve is a CARIOD.
USE MODE 7 to plot the curve .
START = 0 END = 360 , STEP = 30
(Use Degree Mode)
X F(X)
0 4
30 3
60 0.5358
90 0
120 0.5358
150 2
.

2
2 dr
L r d
2

d
0

2
L ( 4 4 sin )2 ( 4 cos )2 d
0

L = 32

33.

Page 363
Divide the integration to 3 integrals.
/2 3 / 2 2
A | 6 cos xdx | | 6 cos x | | 6 cos x |
/6 /2 3 / 2

= 21
CAL TECHNIQUE:
2
Total Area = | 6 cos x | dx
/6
SWITCH to LINE MODE ( SHIFT MODE 2 )
ENTER: abs( 6 cos x ) , /6, 2, 0.01 )
Answer: 21 ( Closest. The answer is not exact)
34.
x2 = 16 8y
x2 = -8(y 2)
V( 0,2)
opens downward.

Page 364
 2
ds = 2x 1 dy dx
dx
x2 = 16 8 y
2x = -8y
y = -x/4
4
s 2 x 1 ( x / 4) 2 dx 61.27
0

35.

The two plans will yield equal profit when

200 + 5x = 50 + x2
x2 5x 150 = 0
x = 15 (disregard the negative root)
Total net excess profit is area bounded by the curves from x= 0 to x
= 15.
15
200 5 x (50 x )dx
2
Total net excess profit =
0

= P 1687.50

36.

Page 365
 A = 2/3 ( 80 x 160) = 8533.33 sq units
37.
40 dx( y )3 40 (160 0.1x 2 )3
Ix dx
40 3 40 3
= 49.932 x 106 units4

38.
40
I y x 2 ( ydx) x 2 (160 0.1x 2 )dx
40

2.73 x 106 units 4

39.
Iy 2.73 x10 6
ky = ky 17.89
A 8533.3
40.
Maximum ordinate.
y = xe-x
y = x(-e-x) + e-x = 0
x = 1 , maximum ordinate = 1e-1 = 1/e
Plot the curve:
ENTER: MODE 7 f(x) = xe-x START = 0 END = 1
STEP = 0.1
x f(x)
0 0
0.1 0.0904
0.2 0.1637

Page 366
0.3 0.2222
0.4 0.2681
.
1 0.3678

1
A xe x dx = 0.2642
0

41.
1 1
y dx ( xe ) dx
2 x 2
V=
0 0

V = 0.254
42.
Moment of Inertia of rectangle with the base = bh3/3
1 y 3 1 ( xe x )3
I x dx dx = 8.71 x 10-3
0 3 0 3
43.
Point of intersection:
3cos = 1 + cos
2cos = 1
= 600 or /3
and r = 1 + cos /3 = 3/2

Page 367
 /3
1/2 A 1/ 2 (r 2
r1 ) 0.5 (3 cos ) 2 (1 cos ) 2 d
2
2
0

1/2A =/2
A =
44.
L x '2 y '2 dt where x = dx/dt and y = dy/dt

x = 2(2t+3)3/2
x = (2)(3/2)(2t+3)1/2 (2) = 6(2t+3)1/2
y = 3(t+1)2
y = 6(t+1)
3
L = L x '2 y '2 dt 31 36(2t 3) 36(t 1)2 dt =72
1

45.
dW = (9810 ) (x2)dy ( 6 y)
x2 + (y-6)2 = 36
x2 = 36 (y-6)2 = 36 (y2 -12y + 36)
x2 = 12y- y2
4
W 9.81( )(12y y 2 )(6 y )dy = 7889.67 knM
0

46.

Page 368
 x2 = cy
42 = c(12) c = 4/3
x2 = 4/3 y
dW = 62.4 x2dy ( 12- y)
12
W 62.4 ( 4 / 3 y )(12 y )dy
0

= 75277.59 ft lbs or 37.54 ft tons

(divide by 2000)
47.
Get the equation of the line.
ENTER: MODE 3 2
Input
X Y
0 1
2 4
ENTER: AC
A = 1 B = 3/2
y = 1 + 3/2 x
By inspection, the points ( 0,1 ) and ( 2,4) are both on the
curves thus, these points are intersection points.

Page 369
 2
A 2 x (1 1.5 x )dx = 0.6719
0

48.

A 4 sin xdx = 6
/3
49.

dy ( x )3 2 dy ( 8y )3
I = 17.07
3 0 3
50.
ds/dt = v
ds/dt = 3 + 2t + 6t2
ds = ( 3 + 2t + t2) dt
t = 1 s = 10
t=2 s =?
s 2
ds (3 2t 6t )dt
2

10 1

s 10 = 20
s = 30

Page 370
51. Find the area between the curve and the line.
Intersection:
y2 = 2x and x = y
y2 = 2y
y2 2y = 0
y(y -2) = 0
y = 0 and y = 2
x = 0 and x = 2

4
A 2 x xdx = 2.667
0

Alternative solution ( Subtract the parabola with the triangle)

A = 2/3(4)(4) - 1/2(4 x 4) = 2.667
52. What is the volume generated by revolving the area about the x
axis?
4 32
V [( 2 x )2 x 2 ]dx
0 3
53. Find the distance of the centroid of the common area from the x
axis?
Using Pappus Theorem:
V = 2 A y
32/3 = 2 ( 2.667) y
y =2
54.
CE BOARD May 2007
Get the vertex.
Rewrite as:
12y = -x2 +4x + 20

Page 371
 y = -x2/12 + 4/12x + 20/12
A = -1/12 B = 4/12
-B/(2A) = 2
Let x = 2
-x2/12 + 4/12x + 20/12 = 2
Vertex (2, 2)
Opening downward , with Latus rectum = 12.

2 x 2 4 x 20
A dx = 1.9722
1 12
55.
y = 3/2 x1/2 and (y)2 = 9/4x
1 ( y ' )2 1 9 / 4 x
4/3 4/3
L 1 ( y ' )2 dx 1 (9 / 4)x dx
0 0

L = 2.074
56.

xy = 4 y = 4/x
4 4
V y 2dx ( 4 / x )2 dx
1 1

V = 12

Page 372
57.

Area of a triangle is s23/4

( 2 y )2 3 18 4 y 2 3
V dx dx (1)
4 18 4
x2/ 92 + y2/62 = 1
y2 = 62 ( 1 x2/92)
9
then: V 6 2 (1 x 2 / 9 2 ) 3dx =
9

V = 748.24 cu units
58.
x2 = y + 2z
trace in the xy plane, set z = 0, x2 = y
trace in the xz plane, set y = 0, x2 = 2z

dV = 1/2zy dx
1 1
V 1/ 2zydx (1/ 2)( x 2 / 2)( x 2 )dx
0 0

V = 0.05
59.
Find some points on x = 2 2 sin
Page 373
USE MODE 7 , f(x) = 2x 2 sin x (rad mode)
START = 0 , END = 2 , STEP = /2
SAME ALSO for y = 2 2cos
f(x) = 2- 2 cos x START = 0 , END = 2,
STEP = /2
X Y
0 0 0
/2 1.415 2
6.28 4
3/2 11.424 2
2 12.566 0

2 2
dx dy
ds d
d d

x = 2- 2 sin
dx/d = 2 2cos
y = 2 2 cos
dy/d = 2 sin
2
s (2 2 cos )2 (2 sin )2 d = 16
0

60.

Page 374
The Cross section is always a square.
1/8 V = xydz
4
1/8V = 16 z 2 16 z 2 dz
0

V = 1024/3

PROBLEM SET 23
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
1. The solution of the D.E.
y = xe3x y(0) = 0 is
a. y = (3x+1)e3x 1 b. y = (3x-1)e3x 1
c. y = (3x+1)e 2
3x d. y = (3x-1)e3x +1
2. The general solution of ( y + 2) dx + ( x -2) dy = 0
a. xy 2y + 2x = c b. xy 2y - 2x = c
c. xy 2y + 4x = c d. xy + 2y + 2x = c

3. The general solution of the D.E.

( x + y)dx + (x-y)dy = 0.
a. x2 - 2xy y2 = c b. x2 - 2xy + y2 = c
c. x2 - 4xy y2 = c d. x2 + 2xy - y2 = c

4. The general solution of ( 2x + 3y)dx + (3x 4y) dy = 0 is

a. x2 + 3xy 2y2 = c b. 2x2 + 3xy 2y2 = c
c. 3x + 2xy 2y = c
2 2 d. x2 + 3xy + 2y2 = c

5. The general solution of the D.E. dy/dx + y cot x = 1 is

a. y = -cotx + c sin x b. y = -cotx + c cos x
c. y = -tanx + c csc x d. y = -cotx + c csc x

6. A body moves such that its acceleration is given by a = 2 + 12t

where t is in seconds and a is in m/s 2. If the body starts from rest
and its velocity after 1 sec is 2 m/s, what is the distance traveled
after 4 sec? (PAST CE BOARD)
a. 100 m b. 120 m
c. 124 m d. 140 m

Page 375
7. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves
y2 = cx
a. y2 + 2x2 = c b. y2 + x2 = c
c. y - 2x = c
2 2 d. y2 + 4x2 = c
Problems 8, 9
A ball is dropped from rest in a liquid and the acceleration of the
ball as a function of velocity is given by
a = 32 0.25v where a is in m/s2 and v is in m/s (Similar to CE
BOARD Nov 2009 )
8. What is the the velocity of the ball after 2 seconds?
a. 45.21 m/s b. 50.4 m/s
c. 71.2 m/s d. 67.2 m/s
9. What is the distance the ball had traveled after 2 seconds?
a. 35.67 m b. 54.64 m
c. 36.12 m d. 41.23 m
Problems 10, 11
A body weighing 64 lb is dropped from a certain height with an initial
velocity of 10 ft/s. Assume that air resistance is proportional to the
velocity of the body. If the limiting velocity is known to be 128 ft/s, find
the position of the body after 5 seconds. g = 32 ft/s2.
10. What is the velocity after 3 seconds?
a. 81.23 ft/s b. 72.26 ft/s
c. 84.56 ft/s d. 41.33 ft/s
11. What is the position after 3 seconds.
a. 121.34 m b. 134.95 m
c. 111.21 m d. 181.23 m
12. Radium decompose at the rate proportional to the amount
present. If the half life is 1600 years, find the percenrtage remaining
after at the end of 200 years.
a. 95.5% b. 91.7%
c. 81.2% d. 79.1%

The rate at which the body cools is proportional to the difference in

temperature between the body and the surrounding atmosphere. If
body in air at 200 cools from 1000C to 700 C in 3 minutes.PAST
EE, ECE BOARD EXAM

Page 376
13.-a Express the temprerature of the body at any time t.
a. T = 20 + 80e-0.197t b. T = 20 + 80e-0.1567t
c. T = 20 80 e 0.567t c. T = 20 80 e0.1567t

13-b What is the temperature after 5 minutes?

a. 56.55 deg C b. 59.33 deg C
c. 67.33 deg C d. 66.22 deg C
13-c. When will the temperature be 650C?
a. 3.33 min b. 3.67 min
c. 3.45 min d. 3.91 min

14. The population of a community is known to increase at the rate

proportional to the number of people present at any time t. If the
population has doubled in 5 years, how long will it take to triple?
a. 6.73 years b. 7.92 years
c. 6.94 years d. 8.13 years
15. A tank contains 50 gal of water. Brine containing 2 pounds per
gal flows into the tank at the rate of 2 gal/min and the mixture kept
uniform by stirring runs out at the same rate. How long will it take
before the quantity of salt in the tank is 50 lbs.
a. 12.34 min b. 17.33 min
c. 11.34 min d. 41.22 min

16. Find the differential equation of the family of lines passing trough
the origin. PAST CE BOARD
a. xdx + ydy = 0 b. xdx ydy = 0
c. xdy ydx = 0 c. xdy + ydx = 0
17. Find the differential equation of the family of parabolas having
their vertices at the origin and foci on the x axis PAST CE BOARD.
a. ydx 2xdy = 0 b. 2ydx xdy = 0
c. ydx xdy = 0 d. 3ydx 2xdy = 0
18. Given the simulateneous differential equations
2 dx/dt 3dy/dt = y x + k
3 dx/dt + 2dy/dt = x cos t
Find dy/dt. PAST ME BOARD

Page 377
a. 5 x 2 cos t 3 y 3k b. 5 x 4 cos t 3 y 3k
13 11
5 x 2 cos t 3 y 3k d. 5 x 2 cos t 3 y 4k
c.
13 13

19. Find the general soluition of y 3y + 2y = 0

a. y c1e 2 x c2e x b. y c1e 3 x c 2 e x
c. y c1e 2 x c 2 e x d. y c1e 2 x c 2 e x
20. Solve y 2y y = 0
a. y c1e ( 1 2 )x
c 2e ( 1 2 )x

b. y c1e(1 2 )x
c2e(1 2 )x

c. y = cos 2 x + c2 sin 2 x
d. y = ex ( c1 cos 2 x + c2 sin 2 x )
21. Solve Y 4Y + 5Y = 0
a. y e 2 x (c1 cos x c 2 sin x ) b. y e 2 x (c1 cos x c 2 sin x )
c. y e 2 x (c1 cos 2x c 2 sin 2x ) d. y e 2 x (c1 cos 3 x c 2 sin 3 x )
22. Let f be a function such that f(x) = 6x + 8.
What is the value of f(x) if the graph of f is tangent to the line 3x y =
2 at the point ( 0, -2).
a. f(x) = x3 + 6x2 + 3x - 2 b. f(x) = x3 + 4x2 + 3x - 4
c. f(x) = x3 + 4x2 + 3x - 2 d. f(x) = x3 + 2x2 + 5x - 2
23. At any time t >= 0, the velocity of the particle traveling along the
x axis is given by the D.E.
dx
10 x 60e 4t . Find the general solution of the D.E.
dt
a. x ce 10 t 10e 4t b. x ce12 t 10e 4t
c. x ce10 t 10e 4t d. x ce10 t 10e 4t
Problems 24, 25, 26
A particle moves along the curve defined by the equation y = x 3
3x. The x coordinate of the particle x(t) statisfies the equation
dx

1 for t 0 with x(0) = -4.
dt 2t 1

Page 378
24. Find the value of x when t = 4.
a. 2 b. -2 c. 3 d. -3
25. Find the value y when t = 4
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
26. Find the speed of the particle when t = 4.
a. 3.018 b. 2.112
c. 4.112 d. 3.111
27. A tank is initially filled with 100 gal of salt containing 1 lb of salt
per gallon. Fresh brine containing 2 lb of salt per gallon runs into the
tank at the rate of 5 gal per minute and the mixture assumed to be
kept uniform by stirring, runs out at the same rate. When will the
amount of the tank be 150 lb?
a. 12.33 min b. 11.44 min
c. 13.86 min d. 12.22 min

28. Find the solution of the D.E. dy/dx + 3y/x = x2

a. Y = x3/6 + C/x3 b. Y = x3/12 + C/x3
c. Y = x3/9 + C/x3 d. Y = x3/6 + C/x2

A motorboat and its load weigh 2,150 N. Assume that the propeller
force is constant and numerically equal to 6.7v Newton, where v is
velolcity in m/s and boat starts from rest. PAST EE/ CE BOARD

29. Determine the speed of the boat at the end of 10 sec.

a. 4.78 m/s b. 4.32 m/s
c. 5.11 m/s d. 4.56 m/s

30. Determine the distance traveled at the end of 10 sec.

a. 23.56 m b. 22.67 m
c. 32.45 m d. 41.33 m

Page 379
Answers.
1.
dy = xe3x dx
y = xe 3 x dx + c
y = (3x+1)e3x + c
when x =0 , y = 0
0 = ( 3(0) +1 )e0 + c
c = -1
y = (3x+1)e3x 1

2.
( y 2)dx ( x 2)dy 0
dx dy
0 Integrate.
x 2 y 2
ln (x 2) + ln ( y +2) = ln c
ln( x-2)(y+2) = ln c
(x-2)(y+2) = c
xy 2y + 2x - 4 = c or xy 2y + 2x = c
3.
Let M = 2x + 3y N = 3x 4y
M N
3 3 The D.E. is exact.
y x
x y
(2t 3 y )dt (3(0) 4t )dt c
0 0

x y
t2 + 3ty | + -2t2 | =c
0 0
x2 + 3xy 2y2 = c
4.
The D.E. is homogeneous.
Let y = vx dy = vdx + x dv
( x + vx)dx + ( x vx )( vdx + xdv ) = 0
x( 1 + v) dx + x( 1 v) ( vdx + x dv ) = 0

Page 380
( 1 + v)dx + ( 1 v) ( vdx + x dv ) = 0
dx( 1 + v + v v2 ) + (1 v) x dv = 0
dx( 1 + 2v v2 ) + ( 1 v) x dv = 0
dx (1 v )dv
0 Integrate:
x 1 2v v 2
ln x + 1/2 ln ( 1 + 2v v2 ) = ln c
2ln x + ln ( 1 + 2v v2) = ln c2
ln x2 + ln ( 1 + 2v v2 ) = ln c2
v = y/x
ln ( x2 [ 1 + 2y/x y2/x2 ) = ln c2
x2 + 2xy y2 = c
5.
This is a linear D.E. of the form dy/dx + yP(x) = Q(x)
The solution is:
ye Q( x )
P ( x )dx
dx c
P ( x )dx

e P ( x )dx e
cot xdx
eln sin x sin x
y sinx = sin xdx c
y sin x = - cos x + c
y = -cotx + c csc x
7. The orthogonal trajectory equation is:
f( x,y, - 1/y ) = 0
y2 = cx Differentiate:
2yy = c
Eliminate c.
y2 cx
y = 2xy y = y/(2x)
2yy ' c
-1/y = -(2x)/y
Solve:
dy 2x
y = -(2x)/y
dx y
ydy = -2xdx Integrate:
y2/2 = -x2 + c
Page 381
 y2 + 2x2 = c
6.
dv/dt = 2 + 12t
dv = ( 2 + 12t) dt Integrate.
v = 2t + 6t2 + c
when t = 1 v = 2
2=2+6+ c
c=-6
v = 2t + 6t2 6
ds/dt = 2t + 6t2 6
4
s (2t 6t 2 6)dt
0

s = 120 m
8.
a = dv/dt = 32 0.25v
v dv 2
dt 2
0 32 0.25v 0

Using Trial and Error ( Use the choices)

Ans. v = 50.4 m/s
9.
a = vdv/ ds vdv/ds = 32 0.25v
From 8,
50 .4 vdv s
ds s
0 32 0.25v 0
s = 54.64 m
10.

Page 382
 From Newtons Law of Motion:
(64/32)dv/dt = 64 - kv
Limiting velocity = 128 ft/s , dv/dt here is 0.
0 = 64 k(128)
k = 0.5
Thus:
2dv/dt = 64 0.5v
dv/dt = 32 0.25v
dv
dt
32 0.25v
when t = 0, v = 10
t = 3, v = ?
3
dv t
dt = dt = 3
v

32 0.25v 0
10
0

Using trial and error. (Use the choices)

v = 72.26 ft/s
11. vdv/ds = 64 0.5 v
72 .26 vdv s
ds s
10 32 0.25v 0

s = 134.95 m
12.
ENTER: MODE 3 5
0 1
1600 1/2
Then: 200 y = 0.917 or 91.7%
13-a, 13-b , 13-c
ENTER: MODE 3 5
X Y
0 100 20 = 80
3 70 20 = 50
ENTER: AC
A = 80 ( SHIFT 1 5 1) B = -0.1567 (SHIFT 1 5 2 )
T 20 = 80 e-0.1567t

Page 383
13. T = 20 + 80e-0.1567t

14. After 5 min T- 20 = 5 ( 5 SHIFT 1 5 5 )

T = 56.55
15. ( 65- 20) = 3.673 min

14.
ENTER: MODE 3 5
Input the given coordinates.
X Y
0 1
5 2
Then 3 x = 7.92 years
15.
Let x = amount of salt in the tank at any time
dx/dt = rate of entrance of salt - rate of exit of salt
= 2 lb/gal x 2 gal/min - x lbs (2) gal
50gal min
dx
dx/dt = 4 x/25 or dt
4 0.04 x
50 dx t
dt t = 17.33 min
0 4 x / 25 0

16.
Equation of Line : Y = A + Bx , since it x = 0 , y = 0
then A = 0. Thus: y = Bx , But B = y
Then: y = yx
y = dy/dx x or xdy ydx = 0
17.
Since the foci are on the x axis, the family of parabolas are horizontal.
y2 = cx ( Vertex at the origin)
2yy = c (Divide the 2 equations.
y2
x or y = 2xy
2yy '
y = 2x dy/dx
ydx 2xdy = 0

Page 384
18.
Use Cramers Rule:
2 3
D= 13
3 2
2 y xk
3 x cos t 2( x cos t ) 3( y x k )
dy/dt =
13 13
5 x 2 cos t 3 y 3k

13
19.
Replace y by m2, y by m and 2y by 2
Auxillary Equation: m 3m + 2 = 0
2

m = 2 and m = 1
General Solution: y c1e 2 x c2e x
20.
Auxillary Equation:
m2 2m 1 = 0
m = 1 + 2 and m = 1 - 2
y c1e(1 2 )x
c2e(1 2 )x

21.
Auxillary Equation:
m2 -4m + 5 = 0
m = 2 + i, 2 i
General Solution: y e 2 x (c1 cos x c2 sin x )
22.
f(x) = 6x + 8
f(x) = (6 x 8)dx c
f(x) = 3x2 + 8x + c
Since the graph is tangent to the line 3x y = 2 at
(0,-2):
Get the slope of the line. 3 y = 0, y = 3
3 = 3(0)2 + 8(0) + c , c = 3

Page 385
 f(x) = 3x2 + 8x + 3
f(x) = 3 x 2 8 x 3dx + c
f(x) = x3 + 4x2 + 3x + c
at x = 0, y = - 2
-2 = 0 + 0 + 0 + c
c = -2
f(x) = x3 + 4x2 + 3x - 2
23.
This is a linear D.E.
Solution is:
xe e
10 dt 10 dt
60e 4t dt c
xe 10 t e 10 t 60e 4t dt c
xe 10 t 60 e 6t dt c
xe 10 t 10e 6t c
x ce10 t 10e 4t
24.
x 1
dx 0
4
dt
4 2t 1
x+ 4= 2 , x =-2
25.
y = x3 3x
dy/dt = (3x2 -3) dx/dt
1
x = -2 , dx/dt =
2t 1
dx 1 = 1/3

dt 2( 4) 1
and dy/dt = ( 3(-2)2 3 ) (1/3) = 3
26.
speed = Abs< 3 1/3 > = 3.018
27.
Initial amount of salt = 100 lb
Let x = amount of salt in the tank at any time
dx/dt = rate of entrance of salt rate of exit.
Page 386
 x (5 )
dx/dt = 2 lb/gal ( 5 gal/min ) -
100
dx/dt = 10 x/20 when t = 0, x = 100 lb
dx/dt + x/20 = 10
THE D.E. is a linear D.E. whose solution is
x IF = IF Q(t )dt C
where IF = e
1 / 20dt
= et/20

e (10)dt 200e t / 20 c
t / 20
x et/20 =
x = 200 +c e-t/20
when t =0 , x = 100
100 = 200 + c , c = -100
x = 200 100 e-t/20
when x = 150
150 = 200 100e-t/20
100e-t/20 = 50
e-t/20 = 0.5
t = -20 ln(0.5) = 13.863 min

CALCULATOR TECHNIQUE
dx/dt = 10 x/20 when t = 0, x = 100 lb

dx
dt
10 0.05 x
150 dx t
dt
100 10 0.05 x 0

t = 13.863 min

28.

The D.E. is a linear ODE

The solution of the ODE dy/dx + yP(x) = Q(x) is
Y IF = IF Q( x)dx C
Page 387
 where IF = e P(x) = e
P ( x ) dx 3 / xdx
e 3 ln x x 3
x ( x 2 ) dx c
3
Yx3 =
Yx3 = x6/6 + C
Y = x3/6 + C/x3
29-30

From Newtons Law: F = ma

110 6.7v = 2150/9.81 dv/dt
219.164 dv/ ( 110 6.7v ) = dt
at the end of 10 sec
v 10
219 .164
0 110 6.7v 0 dt 10
Using Trial and Error: (Use the choices )
v = 4.32 m/s

To get the distance after 10 sec.

a = vdv/ds = (110- 6.7v )/ 219.164
219.164 v d v /( 110 -6.7 v = ds
s
4.32 219.164vdv
0 110 6.7v 0
ds s

Using Calculator: s = 22.67 m

Page 388
 PROBLEM SET 24
Vector Calculus
1. A point moves to the curve y = x2, starts at the origin at t= 0 and
moves to the right. The distance of the point from the y axis is
proportional to the time. At t = 1, the point is at ( 2,4). The vector that
describes the motion is
a. f(t) = 2ti + 4t2j b. f(t) = ti + 4t2j
2
c. f(t) = 2ti + 2t j d. f(t) = 2ti + 6t2j
2. A point moves on the curve y = x3 , starting at the origin at time t =
2, moving to the right and reaching ( 2,8) at time t = 4. Suppose the
slope of the line trough the particle tangent to the path of the particle
is proportional to the cube of the elapsed time from the start of motion,
what is the vector field that describes the motion?
2 2
a. f(t) = (t 2)3 / 2 i (t 2)3 / 2 j
2 4
2 2
b. f(t) = (t 2)3 / 2 i (t 2)3 / 2 j
2 2
2 2
c. f(t) = (t 2)3 / 2 i (t 2)3 / 2 j
8 4
2 2
d. f(t) = (t 2)3 / 2 i (t 2)3 / 2 j
16 4
3. Find the unit tangent vector to the curve represented by
r(t) = cost t i + sin t j + k at the point where t = /2
a. i b. 1 + 2i
c. 2i j + k d. 0
Problems 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
The motion of the particle is defined by the position vector
r = 5ti + 3t2j + 1/3t3 k where r is in m and t is in seconds.

Page 389
At the instant when t = 2 sec,
4. What is the magnitude of the velocity?
a. 12.3 m/s b. 13.6 m/s
c. 14.3 m/s d. 11.2 m/s
5. What is the tangential acceleration?
a. 6.47 m/s2 b. 4.45 m/s2
c. 11.23 m/s 2 d. 10.12 m/s2
6. What is the normal acceleration?
a. 2.23 m/s2 b. 4.33 m/s2
c. 6.12 m/s 2 d. 3.34 m/s2
7. What is the radius of curvature?
a. 45.34 m b. 58.13 m
c. 11.22 m d. 87.12 m
8. What is the unit tangent vector?
a. < 0.36764 0.8823 0.29412 >
b. < 0.36764 0.9823 0.69412 >
c. < 0.39764 0.1823 0.29412 >
d. < 0.36764 -0.8423 0.23412 >
9. What is the unit normal vector
a. < -0.747 0.0416 0.359 >
b. < -0.747 0.2916 -0.959 >
c. < -0.747 0.0916 0.659 >
d. < -0.747 0.0916 0.659 >
10. A particle starting from rest moves with acceleration vector a =
4ti 3t2j + 6k meters. What is the principal radius of curvature when
t = 2.
a. 30 m b. 40 m
c. 50 m d. 70 m
11. What is the angle between the tangents to the curve
x = t, y = t2 , z = t4 at the points where t = 1 and t = 2?
a. 24.560 b. 22.090
c. 11.340 d. 18.120
Problems 12, 13, 14
The position vector of a particle p is given by r(t) = t2i + (2t-1)j + ( t
t2)k . At t = 2,
12. What is the speed of P

Page 390
 a. 5.385 b. 4.123
c. 5.234 d. 6.721
13. What is the acceleration of P
a. 2i 2k b. 2j + 2k
c. 2i 3j + 4k c. i + j + k
14. What is the angle between velocity and acceleration of P when t =
2?
a. 34.50 b. 23.20
c. 31.20 d. 41.20

15. What is the gradient of the function

F= ( x, y, z) xy 2 yz3 at the point ( 2, -1,1)?
a. i - 3j 3k b. 1 + 2i 4j
c. -i - 3j 3k d. i - 4j 3k
16. The vector that is normal to the surface xy3z2 = 4 at the point
( -1, -1, 2) is
a. -4i -12j + 4k b. -4i +12j + 2k
c. -4i -12j -3k d. -2i -12j + 4k
17. What is the divergence of the Vector Field F = y2i + 2x2zj xyz k
at ( 1, 1, 4)
a. 1 b. 1
c. 0 d. 3
18. What is the divergence of the vector Field
V = xyz i + 3x2y j + (xz2 y2z ) k at ( 1,3,4)?
a. 13 b. 14 c. 15 d. 16
19. What is the curl of the vector field
V = y2i + 2x2z xyz k
a. ( - xz 2x2) i + yz j + ( 4xz 2y) k
b. ( - xz 2y2) i + xz j + ( 4xz 2y) k
c. ( - xz 2x2) i + 3yz j + ( 4yz 2y) k
d. ( - 4xz 2x2) i + 3yz j + ( 4xz 2y) k
20. What is the divergence and curl of the vector field
V = ( x2 + yz)i + ( y2 + xz)j + (z2 + xy)k ?
a. 2x + 2y + 2z, -i
b. x + y + z, 0
c. 3x 4y + z, i
Page 391
d. x + y + z, 0
21. Find the equation of the tangent plane to the surface
x2 + 4y2 4z = 0 at ( 2,2,5).
a. x + 4y z = 5
b. 4x 3y + 5z = 27
c. 4x 3y + 9z = 47
d. 3x 4y + z = 7
22. Find the parametric equation of the normal line of the surface z
= xy2 at (2,1,2) ?
a. x = 2 t, y = 1 4t , z = 2 + t
b. x = 2 + t, y = t, z = 1 + t
c. x = t , y = t 1 , z = t 1
d. x = 4t + 2, y = 2 3t, z = t
Problems 23, 24, 25
Find the work done in moving the particle along the arc C if the
motion is caused by the force Field F. Assume that arc is measured in
meters and force is in Newtons.
(QUESTIONS SIMILAR TO CE BOARD NOV 2009)
23. Force Field = 2xyi + (x2 + y2)j , C is the line segment from the
origin to the point (1,1).
a. 3/4 J b. 4/3 J
d. 5/3 J d. 8/3 J
24. Force Field = 2x2y i + (x2 + 3y)j
a. 1568/15 J b. 2134/123 J
c. 1123/15 J d. 4134/115 J
25. Force Field = xyz i + eyj + ( x + z)k

C: R(t) = 3ti + t2j + 2tk 0 <= t <= 3

a. 9123.45 J b. 9021.8 J
c. 8133.41 J c. 7114.5 J

26. Find the length of the arc of the curve whose parametric equation
is given by x = t2 , y = t3 z = t4 from t = 0 to t = 1.
a. 1.234 b. 1.792

Page 392
c. 1.556 d. 1.443
PAST ECE BOARD

Answers.
1.
Let f(t) = xi + yj
distance from the y axis is x(t) = kt
then: y(t) = k2t2
And f(t) = kti + k2t2j
f(1) = ki + k2j = 2 + 4i
then k = 2
and f(t) = 2ti + 4t2j
2.
The vector field is f(t) = xi + yj
Let y = x3
y = slope = 3x2 = k ( t 2)3
then x2 = k/3 ( t -2)3
k k
x= (t 2)3 / 2 and y = x3 = ( ( t 2) 3 / 2 ) 3
3 3
when t = 4, x = 2 and y = 8
k
Thus 2= ( 4-2)3/2
3
k 2
3/2 k = 3/2
3 2
k k
Then f(t) = xi + yj = (t 2)3 / 2 i + ( (t 2)3 / 2 )3 j
3 3
2 2
f(t) = (t 2)3 / 2 i (t 2)3 / 2 j
2 4
3.
For unit Tangent:

Page 393
 r ' (t )
T= when t = 2
| r ' (t ) |
r = cos t i + sin t j + k
r = -sin t i + cost t j
r(/2) = -1 i + 0j = -1i
Abs< -1 0 > = 1
Thus unit tangent = -1i/1 = -i
4.
r(t) = 5i + 6tj + t2k
v = r(2) = 5i + 12j + 4k
velocity = Abs< 5 12 4 > = 13.6 m/s
5.
a = r(t) = 0i + 6j + 2tk
a = r(2) = 0i + 6j + 4k
acceleration when t = 2 is Abs < 0 6 4 > = 7.21 m/s2
Unit tangent = r ' (t ) = 5i 12 j 4k
| r ' (t ) | 13 .6
=< 0.36764 0.8823 0.29412 >
Tangential Acceleration =
(0i + 6j + 4k ) dot < 0.36764 0.8823 0.29412 >
= 6.47 m/s2
6.
at2 + an2 = a2
6.472 + an2 = 7.212
an = 3.182 m/s2
7.
v2 13.62
an 3.182 =

= 58.13 m
8. From (6)
Unit tangent vector = < 0.36764 0.8823 0.29412 >
9.
a = at T + an N
a= <0 6 4 >

Page 394
 at = 6.47
an = 3.182
T = < 0.36764 0.8823 0.29412 >
N=?
< 0 6 4 > = 6.47 < 0.36764 0.8823 0.29412 >
+ 3.182 < N >
Let VctA = < 0 6 4 >
VctB = < < 0.36764 0.8823 0.29412 >
Then:
VctA = 6.47 Vct B + 3.182 N
Then: N = VctA 6.47VctB
3.182
N = < -0.747 0.0916 0.659 >
10.
acceleration when t = 2 is a = 8i 12j + 6k
acceleration = Abs < 8 -12 6 > = 15.62
v2
an =

a = dv/dt
dv = adt
dv =( 4ti 3t2j + 6k) dt
v ( 4ti 3t 2 j 6k )dt c
v = 2t2i t3j + 6tk + c
when t = 0 , v =0 c = 0
Then: v = 2t2i t3j + 6tk
When t = 2, v = 8i 8j + 12 k
Abs< v > = Abs < 8 -8 12 > = 16.492
Tangent Vector = < 8 - 8 12 >
Unit Tangent = < 8 -8 12 > / 16.492
= < 0.485 -0.485 0.7276 >
Then tangential acceleration
at = <8i 12j + 6k > dot < 0.485 -0.485 0.7276 >
= 14.0656
an = a - at2
2 2

= 15.622 14.06562
Page 395
 = 6.793 m/s2
v2
an =

6.793 = 16.4922/
= 40 m
11.
The tangent vector when t = 1.
V(t) = ti + t2j + t4k
V(t) = 1i + 2tj + 4t3k
V(1) = 1i + 2i + 4k
The tangent Vector when t = 2
V(2) = 1i + 4j + 4(2)3k
= 1i + 4j + 32k
Let VctA = < 1 2 4 > and VctB = < 1 4 32 >
VctA dot VctB = Abs(VctA) Abs( Vctb ) cos
cos = 22.090
12.
Speed of P.
dr/dt = 2ti + 2j + ( 1 -2t) k
when t = 2.
dr/dt = 4i + 2j 3 k
speed = Abs < 4 2 -3 > = 5.385
13.
a = r(t) = 2i 2k
14.
The velocity vector = < 4 2 -3 > = VctA
The acceleration vector = < 2 0 -2 > = VctB
VctA dot Vct B = Abs(VctA)(VctB) cos
= 23.20
15.
(Fx means partial derivative with respect to x )
Fx = y2
Fy = 2xy + z3
Fz = 3z2y

Page 396
then y2 i + (2xy + z3)j + 3z2y k
at point ( 2, -1,1 ) i - 3j 3k
16.
Let F = xy3z2 4
(Note Fx means partial derivative with x )
Then Fx = y3z2 Fy = 3xy2 z2 and Fz = 2xy3z
Then grad(F) = F = y3z2 i + 3xy2 z j + 2xy3z k at the point ( x = -
1, y = -1 and z = 2 )
F = -4i -12j + 4k
17.
Divergence = Fx + Fy+ Fz
= 0 + 0 + - xy = - xy
at ( 1, 1, 4) Divergence = - 1(1) = -1

18.
V = xyz i + 3x2y j + (xz2 y2z ) k
Divergence F = Fx + Fy + Fz = yz + 3x2 + ( 2xz y2)
= 12 + 3 -1 = 14
19.
(Note: F1x is the partial derivative of F1 with respect to x)
F1 = y2 F2 = 2x2z F3 = -xyz
F1x = 0 F2x = 4xz F3x = -yz
F1y = 2y F2y = 0 F3y = -xz
F1 z = 0 F2z = 2x2 F3 z = -xy

Jacobi Matrix:

(Note) The trace ( sum of the elements in the principal diagonal)

= -xy
and The curl (difference in the elements located symmetrically with
respect to the principal diagonal in the direction shown)

Page 397
Curl = ( - xz 2x2) i + yz j + ( 4xz 2y) k
20.
F1 = x2 + yz F2 = y2 + xz F3 = z2 + xy
F1x = 2x F2x = z F3x = y
F1y = z F2y = 2y F3y = x
F1z = y F2z = x F3z = 2z
Then:
Jacobi Matrix =

Divergence = 2x + 2y + 2z
Curl = ( x x)i + ( y y)j + ( z z)k
=0
21.
Let F(x,y,z) = x2 + 4y2 4z
Gradient F = Fx i+ Fyj+ Fz k is the direction number of the normal
line to the curve at ( 2,2,5)
Fx =2x Fy = 8y and Fz = -4
Gradient F = 2xi + 8yj 4k
at (2,2,5) Gradient F = 4i + 16j 4k
Equation of the Plane:
4 ( x 2) + 16( y 2) - 4( z 5) = 0
4x + 16y 4z = 20
or x + 4y z = 5
22.
F = z xy2
Fx = -y2 Fy = -2xy Fz = 1
Gradient F = -y2i 2xyj + k
at (2,1,2) Gradient F = -i 4j + k
Direction Number of the Line = < -1 -4 1 >
x 2 y 1 z 2 = t

1 4 1

Page 398
 Then x = 2 t , y = 1 4t , and z = 2 + t
23.
B
W = F dR
A

Get the Parametric Equation of R.

(0,0) to (1,1) x= t, y = t t=[0 1]
R = xi + yj
R = ti + tj dR = (1i + 1j)dt
F = 2xyi + (x2 + y2)j
= 2t(t)i + (t2 + t2)j
= 2t2i + 2t2j
F dot dR = ( 2t2i + 2t2j) dot ( 1i + 1j )
= 2t2 + 2t2 = 4t2
1
2
W = 4t dt = 4/3 Joulles
0

24.
C is the arc of the parabola y = 3x2 + 2x + 4 from (0,4) to (
1,9).
R = xi + yj
Transform C into R .
y = 3x2 + 2x + 4
Let x = t
y = 3t2 + 2t + 4
R = ti + (3t2 + 2t + 4 )j 0< t < 1
dR = (1i + (6t + 2)j)dt
F = 2t2(3t2 + 2t + 4 ) i + [ t2 + 3(3t2 + 2t + 4)] j

F dot dR = 2t2(3t2 + 2t + 4 )1 + [ t2 + 3(3t2 + 2t + 4)](6t + 2) dt

W=
1
2t2(3t2 + 2t + 4 )1 + [ t2 + 3(3t2 + 2t + 4)](6t + 2) dt
0

= 1568/15 J
25. R(t) = 3ti + t2j + 2tk
R(t) = 3i + 2tj + 2k
Since R= xi + yj + zk = 3ti + t2j + 2tk
Page 399
 then: x = 3t, y = t2 and z = 2t
2
Force Field = (3t)(t2)(2t)i + e t j + ( 3t + 2t) k
2
= 6t4i + e t j + ( 5t) k
t2
F dot dR = [6t4i + e j + ( 5t) k] dot [ 3i + 2tj + 2k ] dt
2
= 18t4 + 2t e t + 10t dt

3 2

(18t4 + 2t e + 10t) dt = 9021.8 Joulles

t
W=
0

26.
t

Length =
0
(dx / dt ) 2 (dy / dt ) 2 (dz / dt ) 2 dt

=
0
(2t ) 2 (3t 2 ) 2 (4t 3 ) 2 dt

USE CALCULATOR:
= 1.792 units

PROBLEM SET 25
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS and SERIES

1. Find the Laplace Transform of f(t) = t3

a. 3/s4 b. 6/s4
c. 12/s 4 c. 8/s4

2. Find the Laplace Transform of cos 5t

a. s/(s2 + 5) b. s/( s2 + 25)
2
c. 1/( s + 5) d. 1/( s2 + 25)

3. Find the Laplace Transform of e3t cos 2t

Page 400
a. ( s 3)/( ( s -3)2 + 4 ) b. ( ( s + 3)/( ( s + 3)2 + 4 )
c. 3/( s2 + 4 ) d. 3s/( s2 + 4 )

4. Find the Inverse Laplace Transform of 3/( s2 16 )

a. 3 sinh 4t b. sinh 4t
c. 4 sinh 3t c. 4/3 sinh 3t

5. Find the Laplace Transform of tsint

a. 2s/( s2 + 1)2 b. s/( s2 + 1)2
2
c. 1/(s + 1) 2 d. 2/( s2 + 1)2

6. Inverse Laplace of 3/s5

a. 1/6 t4 b. 1/8t4
c. 1/3t4 d. 1/12t4

7. Inverse Laplace Transform of 1

s (s 3 )
a. 1/3 1/3e-3t b. 1/3 + 1/3e3t
c. 1/5 + 1/5e3t d. 3 3 e-3t

8. 1 - x + x2/2! - x3/3! + .. is the same as.

a. e-x b. e2x
c. ln x d. ex

9. x - x3/3! + x5/5! - x7/7! + . is

a. cos x b. sin x
c. tanx d. sec x

10. 1 - x2/2! + x4/4! x6/6! +

a. cos x b. sin x
c. tanx d. sec x

11. What is the 4th derivative of 1/( 1 + x2 ) when x = 0?

a. 24 b. 0
c. 12 d. -2
.

Page 401
1. L(tn) = n!/sn+1 = 3!/s3 = 6/s4
2. L( cos at) = s/(s2 + a2 ) = s/( s2 + 25)
3. L ( e3t cos 2t ) = L ( cos 2t ) s = s -3 = ( s 3)/ [( s 3)2 + 4
4. L ( 3/( s 16 ) ) = sinh 4t
-1 2

5. L( tsin t) = - d/ds ( L sin t ) = - d/ds ( 1/( s2 + 1) ) = 2s/( s2 + 1)2

6. L-1 ( 3/s5 ) = 3 L-1 ( 1/s5 ) = 3/4! t4 = 1/8t4
7. L-1 1 = L-1 A/s + L-1 B/( s + 3 ) = 1/3 1/3e-3t
s (s 3 )
1 = A( s + 3) + B s
s = 0 A = 1/3
s = - 3 B = -1/3

8. ex = 1 + x + x2/2! + x3/3! + .
Then e-x = 1 - x + x2/2! + x3/3! + . Ans.
9. sin x
10. cos x
11.
Divide 1/( 1 + x2 )
1/( 1 + x2 ) = 1 x2 + x4 - x6 + x8 +
1st derivative - 2x + 4x3 6x5 + 8x7 x = 0 , deriv= 0
nd
2 derivative - 2 + 12x2 30x4 + 56x6 x = 0 deriv = 0
3rd derivative 0 + 24x 120 x3 + 336x5 x = 0 deriv =
4th derive 24 + .. Ans. 24

Page 402
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROBLEM SET 1
BINOMIAL AND MULTIMONOMIAL EXPANSION
PAGES 1 - 5
PROBLEM SET 2
DIGIT PROBLEMS, MIXTURE PROBLEMS, AGE
PROBLEMS, WORK PROBLEMS, CLOCK PROBLEMS,
REMAINDER THEOREM
PAGES 6-15
PROBLEM SET 3 - PART 1
ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION,
DIOPHANTINE EQUATION, NUMBER SEQUENCE
PAGES 16-28
PROBLEM SET 3 - PART 2 ARITHMETIC AND
GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION, RATE PROBLEMS,
QUADRATIC EQUATION, THEORY OF EQUATIONS
PAGES 29-35
PROBLEM SET 3 ( PART 3 CONTINUATION OF PART 2
AND WORK PROBLEMS)
PAGES 36-51
PROBLEM SET 4 PARTIAL FRACTIONS
PAGES 51-56

Page 403
PROBLEM SET 5 -VARIATION PROBLEMS, RECURSION,
INVERSE FUNCTION, INEQUALITIES
PAGES 56-63
PROBLEM SET 6 -TRIGONOMETRY-
PAGES 63-84
PROBLEM SET 7 - STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
PAGES 84-109
PROBLEM SET 8 COMPLEX NUM
BERS
PAGES 110-117
PROBLEM SET 9 VECTORS
PAGES 117-127
PROBLEM SET 10 MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
PAGES 128-139
PROBLEM SET 11- PLANE GEOMETRY
PAGES 139-155
PROBLEM SET 12 SOLID MENSURATION
PAGES 155-173
PROBLEM SET 13 - POINTS AND LINES
PAGES 173-183
PROBLEM SET 14 CIRCLE AND PARABOLA
PAGES 183-197
PROBLEM SET 15- ELLIPSE AND HYPERBOLA
PAGES 197-206
PROBLEM SET 16- ROTATION OF ACES, TANGENT LINE
TO CONICS
PAGES 207-214
PROBLEM SET 17 - SOLID ANALYTIC GEOMETRY
PAGES 215-223
PROBLEM SET 18 - POLAR COORDINATES ,
CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES, SPHERICAL
COORDINATES, PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS
PAGES 224-229
Page 404
PROBLEM SET 19 LIMITS
PAGES 229-231
PROBLEM SET 20 - DERIVATIVES, SLOPES, TANGENT
LINES, NORMAL LINES, RADIUS OF CURVATURE ,
VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION
PAGES 232-245
PROBLEM SET 21 - PROBLEM SET 21
MAXIMA MINIMA, RELATED RATES
PAGES 245-269
PROBLEM SET 22 - INTEGRATION, AREA, VOLUME,
SURFACE AREA, LENGTH OF AN ARC, CENTROID
PAGES 270-298
PROBLEM SET 23 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
PAGES 298-309
PROBLEM SET 24 - VECTOR CALCULUS
PAGES 317-327
PROBLEM SET 25 LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
PAGES 328-335
APPENDIX

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