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Item No. 21076

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Joint Surface Preparation Standard

NACE No. 5/SSPC-SP 12

Surface Preparation and Cleaning of Steel and Other

Hard Materials by High- and Ultrahigh-Pressure
Water Jetting Prior to Recoating

This NACE International (NACE)/Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC) standard represents
a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this document, its scope, and
provisions. It is intended to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. Its
acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has adopted the standard or
not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures
not addressed in this standard. Nothing contained in this NACE/SSPC standard is to be
construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, to manufacture, sell, or use in
connection with any method, apparatus, or product covered by Letters Patent, or as
indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Letters Patent. This
standard represents current technology and should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on
the use of better procedures or materials. Neither is this standard intended to apply in all
cases relating to the subject. Unpredictable circumstances may negate the usefulness of this
standard in specific instances. NACE and SSPC assume no responsibility for the
interpretation or use of this standard by other parties and accept responsibility for only those
official interpretations issued by NACE or SSPC in accordance with their governing procedures
and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual volunteers.

Users of this NACE/SSPC standard are responsible for reviewing appropriate health, safety,
environmental, and regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to
this standard prior to its use. This NACE/SSPC standard may not necessarily address all
potential health and safety problems or environmental hazards associated with the use of
materials, equipment, and/or operations detailed or referred to within this standard. Users of
this NACE/SSPC standard are also responsible for establishing appropriate health, safety, and
environmental protection practices, in consultation with appropriate regulatory authorities if
necessary, to achieve compliance with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to
the use of this standard.

CAUTIONARY NOTICE: NACE/SSPC standards are subject to periodic review, and may be
revised or withdrawn at any time without prior notice. The user is cautioned to obtain the latest
edition. NACE and SSPC require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this
standard no later than five years from the date of initial publication.

©1995, NACE International

Steel Structures Painting Council NACE International

40 24th St. P.O. Box 218340
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222 Houston, Texas 77218-8340
+1 412/281-2331 +1 281/228-6200
This is a preview of "NACE No. 5/SSPC-SP12". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.

NACE No. 5/SSPC-SP 12

___________________________________________
Foreword

Since publication of NACE Standard RP0172, “Surface Preparation of Steel and Other Hard
Materials by Water Blasting Prior to Coating or Recoating,” surface preparation using water jetting
equipment has found acceptance as a viable method. The coatings industry, under the influence
of government regulations, is working to find environmentally sensitive and user-friendly methods
of surface preparation. The use of a high-energy water stream to strip existing coatings and for
surface cleaning has advantages over dry abrasive blasting with respect to worker respiratory
exposure and work area air quality. Respiratory requirements for water jetting may be less
stringent than for other methods of surface preparation.

Abrasive blasting, one of the most common surface preparation techniques, is sometimes not
feasible or desirable because the resultant flying abrasive particles and drifting dust may damage
highly sensitive rotary equipment and filters, cause contamination of nearby mechanical
equipment and structures, or cause contamination of the environment. Abrasive blasting may
also trap contaminants within the topography. This standard describes the surface preparation
technique known as water jetting, which provides an alternative method of removing coating
systems, including lead-based paint systems. Water jetting is effective in removing (1)
deleterious amounts of water-soluble surface contaminants that may not otherwise be removed
by dry abrasive blasting alone, specifically in the bottom of pits and craters of severely corroded
metallic substrates; (2) surface grease and oil; (3) rust; (4) shot-creting spatter; and (5) existing
coatings and linings. Cold working of the topography of the surface does not occur in water
jetting. Because water jetting does not provide the primary anchor pattern known to the coatings
industry, this standard recommends its use primarily for recoating or relining projects where there
is an adequate preexisting profile.

This standard addresses degrees of cleanliness, types of equipment, operating procedures, and
safety factors associated with water jetting. Although this standard discusses jetting pressures up
(1)
to 250 MPa (36,000 psi), higher pressures may be used as technology and equipment evolve.
High-pressure water jetting has application in a broad spectrum of industry; however, its use as
described in this standard is particularly suited to the process industry, power plants, and other
industrial plants where the use of high-performance coatings requires extensive surface
preparation and/or surface decontamination.

This standard was prepared by NACE/SSPC Joint Task Group D on Surface Preparation by High-
Pressure Water Jetting and is issued by NACE International under the auspices of NACE Group
Committee T-6 on Protective Coatings and Linings and by the Steel Structures Painting Council.
This standard replaces NACE Standard RP0172, “Surface Preparation of Steel and Other Hard
Materials by Water Blasting Prior to Coating or Recoating,” and addresses current technology and
equipment for high-pressure water cleaning, including water jetting.

___________________________________________

(1)
1 MPa = 10 bar

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NACE No. 5/SSPC-SP 12

___________________________________________

Joint Surface Preparation Standard

NACE No. 5/SSPC-SP 12

Surface Preparation and Cleaning of Steel and Other

Hard Materials by High- and Ultrahigh-Pressure
Water Jetting Prior to Recoating
Contents

1. General .................................................................................................................... 1
2. Definitions................................................................................................................ 1
3. Surface Cleanliness Conditions................................................................................ 1
4. Safety ...................................................................................................................... 3
5. Cautionary Notes ..................................................................................................... 3
Bibliography.................................................................................................................. 4
Appendix A—Commentary on Production Rates........................................................... 5
Appendix B—Procedures for Extracting and Analyzing Soluble Salts............................ 5
Appendix C—Water Jetting Equipment......................................................................... 6
Appendix D—Operating Procedures ............................................................................. 6
Appendix E—Efficiency of Water Jetting at Various Pressure Ratings .......................... 7
Appendix F—Principles of Water Jetting....................................................................... 7
Appendix G—Reported Case Histories on Production Rates......................................... 8

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ii NACE International
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NACE No. 5/SSPC-SP 12

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Section 1: General

1.1 This standard provides requirements for the use of 1.2 Information on water jetting equipment, production
high- and ultrahigh-pressure water jetting to achieve rates, procedures, and principles is available in the
various degrees of surface cleanliness. This standard is appendices. Appendices A, B, C, D, E, F, and G do not
limited in scope to the use of water only without the provide requirements but give additional information on
addition of solid particles in the stream. water jetting that will be useful to the owner, user, or
contractor.

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Section 2: Definitions

2.1 This section provides basic water jetting definitions. 2.1.3 Low-Pressure Water Cleaning (LP WC): LP
Additional definitions relevant to water jetting are WC is cleaning performed at pressures less than 34
contained in “Recommended Practices for the Use of MPa (5,000 psi).
Manually Operated High-Pressure Water Jetting Equip-
(2)
ment.” 2.1.4 High-Pressure Water Cleaning (HP WC): HP
WC is cleaning performed at pressures from 34 to 70
2.1.1 Water Jetting (WJ): Water jetting is the use MPa (5,000 to 10,000 psi).
of standard jetting water at high or ultrahigh pressure
to prepare a surface for recoating using pressures 2.1.5 High-Pressure Water Jetting (HP WJ): HP
above 70 MPa (10,000 psi). Water jetting will not WJ is cleaning performed at pressures from 70 to
produce an etch or profile of the magnitude currently 170 MPa (10,000 to 25,000 psi).
recognized by the surface preparation industry;
rather, it exposes the original abrasive-blasted 2.1.6 Ultrahigh-Pressure Water Jetting (UHP WJ):
surface profile. UHP WJ is cleaning performed at pressures above
170 MPa (25,000 psi).
2.1.2 Standard Jetting Water: Standard jetting
water is water of sufficient purity and quality that it 2.1.7 Surface Cleanliness (SC): Surface cleanli-
does not impose additional contaminants on the ness is the condition of the substrate after water jet-
surface being cleaned and, of critical importance to ting has removed partial or total residues of chloride,
water jetting operations, does not contain sediments soluble ferrous salts, and sulfate contaminants.
or other impurities that are destructive to the proper
functioning of the water jetting equipment being
used.

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Section 3: Surface Cleanliness Conditions

3.1 Table 1 lists four conditions of surface cleanliness in inaccurate or inappropriate when describing the
terms of visible contaminants. A surface shall be capabilities of water jetting and the results achieved by
prepared to one of these four visual conditions prior to water jetting.
recoating. As part of the surface preparation, deposits of
oil, grease, and foreign matter must be removed by 3.2 Table 2 lists three surface preparation conditions in
ultrahigh-pressure water jetting, by steam cleaning with terms of nonvisible chemical contaminants. In addition
(3)
detergent, by methods in accordance with SSPC-SP 1 to the requirement given in Paragraph 3.1, a surface shall
or by another method agreed upon by all parties to the be prepared to one of these three nonvisual conditions
contract. NOTE: Direct correlation to existing dry media prior to recoating, when deemed necessary.
blasting standards is

____________________________
(2)
U.S. Water Jet Technology Association, “Recommended Practices for the Use of Manually Operated High-Pressure Water Jetting Equipment”
(St. Louis, MO: U.S. Water Jet Technology Association, 1987).
(3)
SSPC-SP 1 (latest revision), “Solvent Cleaning” (Pittsburgh, PA: SSPC).

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