SANS1200MF
SANS1200MF
SANS1200MF
STANDARDIZED S P E C I F I C A T I O N
for
C I V I L ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION
MF : BASE
A p p r o v e d by t h e O b t a i n a b l e f r o m the
COUNCIL OF THE S A BUREAU OF STANDARDS
SOUTH AFRICAN Private Bag X I 9 1
BUREAU O F STANDARDS Pretoria
on 20 May 1 9 8 1 0001 R e p u b l i c of S o u t h A f r i c a
T e l e g r a m s : C o m p a r a t o r , Pretoria
P u b l i s h e d and p r i n t e d i n t h e R e p u b l i c of S o u t h A f r i c a by t h e
S o u t h A f r i c a n B u r e a u of S t a n d a r d s
ISBN 0-626-05953-4
Gr6
3 SAIiS 1 2 0 0 MF-1981
Base
CON'TENTS
I . SCOPE .........................................................................
...............................................................
5
...
) INTEKPCII'L'ATIONS 5
2.I Supporting Specifications ..................................................... 5
2.2 Application ...................................................................
D e f i n i t i o n s and A b b r e v i a t i o n s ................................................. 5
5
2.3
3 . NATERIALS .....................................................................
G r a v e l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n f o r E x c a v a t i o n P u r p o s e s .................................
5
5
3. I
3.1.1 Method o f c l a s s i f y i n g ......................................................... 5
3 I 2.. Classes oE e x c a v a t i o n ......................................................... 5
3.2 Graded Crushed S t o n e C l a s s i f i c a t i o n ........................................... 5
3.2. I C o a r s e a g g r e g a t e .............................................................. 5
3.2.2 F i n e a g g r e g a t e ................................................................ 5
3.2.3 Combined a g g r e g a t e ............................................................ 5
3.3 P h y s i c a l and Chemical P r o p e r t i e s .............................................. 6
3.3. I N a t u r a l g r a v e l ( s t a b i l i z e d o r u n s t a b i l i z e d ) ................................... 6
3.3.2 Craded c r u s h e d s t o n e .......................................................... 6
3.3.3 Graded c r u s h e d s t o n e and s o i l f i n e s ........................................... 6
3.3.4 C o a r s e a g g r e g a t e f o r waterbound macadam ....................................... 6
3.3.5 P i l l e r Eor waterbound macadam ................................................. 6
3.4 S t a b i l i z i n g A g e n t ( s ) ........................................................... 6
3.5 Water ......................................................................... 6
3.6 S e l e c t i o n ..................................................................... 6
4 . PLAN'I' ......................................................................... 7
4.1 G e n e r a l ....................................................................... 7
4.2 Coinpaction P l a n t .............................................................. 7
4.3 Transport .....................................................................
.................................................................. 7
5 . CONSTRUCTLON
...................................................................
7
.
5 I Precautions
b:xcavatioii ....................................................................
7
7
5.2
5.2. I Cuts .......................................................................... 7
5.2.2 Rorrow p i t s ................................................................... 7
5.2.3 Overburden .................................................................... 7
5.3 Processing .................................................................... 7
5.4 .........
P l a c i n g and Compaction of a Base o t h e r t h a n a Waterbound Macadam Ilase 7
5.4. I Placing ....................................................................... 7
5.4.2 Gravel ........................................................................ 7
5.4.3 ......................
Craded c r u s h e d s t o n e and g r a d e d c r u s h e d s t o n e w i t h f i n e s 7
5.4.4 Compaction .................................................................... 7
5.4.5 Surface preparation ........................................................... 7
5.5 Stabilization ................................................................. 7
5.6 P l a c i n g and Compaction o f a Waterbound Nacadain Ilase ........................... 8
5.6. I General ....................................................................... 8
5.6.2 Coarse aggregate .............................................................. 8
5.6.3 Filler ........................................................................ 8
5.6.4 ...........................................
S l u s l i i n g and p r e p a r a t i o n o f s u r f a c e 8
5.6.5 Finish required ............................................................... 8
5.7 ..................................................
J u n c t i o n s w i t h E x i s t i n g Work 8
5.8 ....................................................
P r o t e c t i o n and M a i n t e n a n c e 8
5.9 Transport
Freeliaul
.....................................................................
.......................................................................
8
8
5.9. I
5.9.2 Overhaul ...................................................................... 8
6 . TOLXKANCES .................................................................... 8
6.1 .......................................................
Dimensions. L e v e l s . e t c 8
6.1.1 General ....................................................................... 8
6. I 2
6. I 3
.. Crade
Width
.........................................................................
.........................................................................
8
8
6 I 4.. 'I'hickness ..................................................................... 8
6 I 5
6 I 6
..
..
Cross-section
Smoothness
.................................................................
....................................................................
9
9
6.2 ....................................................
Base C o n s t r u c t e d i n L a y e r s 9
6.3 ..................................................
E l o i s t u r e C o n t c n t and D e n s i t y 9
7 . TES'L'ING ........................................................................ 9
7.1 General ....................................................................... 9
7.2 Process Control ............................................................... 9
7.3 ................................................
R o u t i n e I n s p e c t i o n and ' r e s t i n g 9
7.4 Stabilization .................................................................
....................................................... 9
8 . PIEASUREPII.:NT AND PAYHIIN'I' 10
8 I
8.2
. llasic Principles ..............................................................
Computation of Qiianti t i e s .....................................................
10
10
8.3 Scheduled Items ............................................................... 10
STANDARDTZED SPECIFICATION
for
C I V I L ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION
MF : BASE
I. SCOPE
1.1 This s p e c i f i c a t i o n covers the requirements f o r base f o r r o a d s , shoulders, footways, and paved a r e a s .
I t covers t h e procuring, f u r n i s h i n g , c l a s s i f i c a t i o n , p l a c i n g , compaction, and f i n i s h i n g of approved
n a t u r a l g r a v e l , s t a b i l i z e d g r a v e l , o r crushed s t o n e , and waterbound macadam.
NOTE: The p u b l i c a t i o n s r e f e r r e d t o i n t h e s p e c i f i c a t i o n a r e l i s t e d i n Appendix A.
2. INTERPRETATIONS
2. I SUPPORTING SPECIFICATIONS. Where t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n is r e q u i r e d f o r a p r o j e c t , t h e following s p e c i f i -
c a t i o n s s h a l l , i n t e r a l i a , form p a r t of t h e c o n t r a c t document:
a ) Project specification;
b ) SABS 1200 A o r SABS 1200 AA, as a p p l i c a b l e ;
c ) SABS 1200 C;
d ) SABS 1200 D ;
e ) SABS 1200 DM;
f ) SARS 1200 M ;
g) SABS 1200 NE.
3. MATERIALS
3. I GRAVEL CLASSIFICATION FOR EXCAVATION PURPOSES
3.1.1 Method of C l a s s i f y i n g . The p r o v i s i o n s of Subclause 3 . 1 . 1 of SABS 1200 D s h a l l apply t o t h e method of
c l a s s i f y i n g m a t e r i a l excavated from c u t s and borrow p i t s f o r u s e i n t h e base.
3. I .2 C l a s s e s of Excavation. The provisions of Subclause 3 . 1 . 2 ( a ) ( l ) , ( b ) ( l ) , ( c ) ( l ) , (d) and ( e ) of SABS
1200 D s h a l l apply t o t h e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n of m a t e r i a l excavated from c u t s and borrow p i t s f o r u s e i n t h e
base. M a t e r i a l supplied from commercial sources f o r use i n t h e base w i l l n o t be c l a s s i f i e d .
Nominal a p e r t u r e s i z e
of s i e v e , mni Stabilized
4. PIANT
4. I GENEI:AL. The requirements of Subclause 4 . 1 of SABS 1200 I) s h a l l apply.
4.2 COMPACTION PLANT. The requirements of Subclause 4.2 of SABS 1200 D s h a l l apply.
5. CONSTRUCTION
5. I PRECAUTIONS. The requirements of Subclause 5.1 of SABS 1200 D slinll apply.
5.2 EXCAVATION
5.2.1 W. Glliere base m a t e r i a l i s obtained from a designated excavation on S i t e , t h e a p p r o p r i a t e provisions
of Subclause 5.2.2 of SAIIS 1200 1IM s h a l l apply.
5.7.2 Horrow P i t s . Where hase m n t e r i n l i s excavated from borrow p i t s by t h e Contractor, the a p p r o p r i a t e
p r o v i s i o n s of Subclause 5.2.2.2 of SABS 1200 1) s h a l l apply.
5.2.3 Overburden. The requirements of Subclause 5.2.3 of SAUS 1200 ME s h a l l apply.
5.3 PROCESSING. The r e l e v a n t requirements of Subclause 5.3 of SABS 1200 HI3 s h a l l apply.
5.4 PLACING AND COMPACTION OF A RASE OTllER THAN A WA'i'ERUOUNU MACADAM BASE
5.4. I Placing. Before c o n s t r u c t i o n of the base i s commenced t h e Contractor s h a l l ensure t h a t t h e underlying
l a y e r on which t h e base i s t o be constructed complies w i t h t h e requirements of t h e s p e c i f i c a t i o n
covering t h a t l a y e r .
Where a nominal t h i c k n e s s exceeding 150 mni has been s p e c i f i e d . t h e base s h a l l be constructed i n
approximately equal l a y e r s of thickness not exceeding 150 mm each.
5.4.2 Gravel
a ) Where t h e base is t o be constructed of g r a v e l , the g r a v e l shall be dumped on t h e road and then
spread over t h e f u l l width of t h e l a y e r shown on t h e drawings and t o such depth t h a t a f t e r compaction
t h e t h i c k n e s s o f t h e l a y e r complies with t h e s p e c i f i e d requirements and t h e s u r f a c e of t h e l a y e r is
t r u e t o e l e v a t i o n , grade, and cross-section.
b) Oversize m a t e r i a l i n g r a v e l s h a l l be
I ) broken down on t h e road; or
2 ) bladed o f f t h e road during p l a c i n g and disposed o f ; o r
3) i f so d i r e c t e d , so crushed and screened t h a t , when f i n a l l y placed, i t complies with t h e a p p l i c a b l e
grading requirements of 3.3. I .
'The m a t e r i a l s h a l l be spread, prepared, watered,and mixed a s s p e c i f i e d i n Subclauses 5.4.2 and 5.4.3 of
SABS 1200 ME.
c ) Where the a d d i t i o n of a n a t u r a l binder m a t e r i a l is necessary t o improve t h e grading o r reduce t h e P I
of a hase g r a v e l , t h e Engineer may d i r e c t t h a t a s u i t a b l e binder he added t o and mixed with t h e g r a v e l
t o form a homogeneous m a t e r i a l .
5.4.3 Graded Crushed Stone and Graded Crushed Stone with Pines
a ) Idhere t h e base i s t o be constructed of graded crushed s t o n e o r graded crushed s t o n e with f i n e s , the
m a t e r i a l s h a l l he spread o u t t o a f l a t - s u r f a c e d l a y e r over t h e f u l l width shown on t h e drawings and t o
such s d e p t h t h a t a f t e r compaction t h e thickness o r t h e l a y e r complies w i t h t h e s p e c i f i e d requirements.
Any f i n e aggregate t o be added s h a l l be spread evenly on top. Then t h e m a t e r i a l s h a l l be prepared,
watered, and mixed as s p e c i f i e d i n Subclauses 5.4.2 and 5.4.3 of SAHS 1200 MI!.
b) Any excess crushed s t o n e s h a l l n o t be spread over t h e shoulders o r s i d e f i l l , but s h a l l be loaded
and removed from the road. It s h a l l not be used again, e i t h e r a l o n e or mixed w i t h approved m a t e r i a l ,
u n l e s s i t has been rescreened, t e s t e d , and approved f o r u s e .
5.4.4 Compact ion
5.4.4.1 Compaction s h a l l be done a t the optimum moisture content f o r t h e type of compaction equipment used and
a s s p e c i f i e d i n Subclause 5.4.4.1 of SABS 12UO ME.
5.4.4.2 The base s h a l l he compacted throughout t o a t l e a s t t h e following d e n s i t y :
a ) I n t h e case of n a t u r a l g r a v e l s , graded crushed stone, and graded crushed stone with f i n e s : 98 % of
modified AiSHTO maximrim d e n s i t y ;
5.4.5 Surface P r e p a r a t i o n
-
b ) i n t h e c a s e of s t a b i l i z e d g r a v e l s : 97 % of modified AASHTO maximuni d e n s i t y .
5.4.5.1 . . . -
After cotnoaction of a base t h a t has not been s t a b i l i z e d , t h e s u r f a c e s h a l l be slushed bv snravine i t
with water and r o l l i n g t i l l a l l excess f i n e s have been brought t o t h e s u r f a c e and a f i r m well k n i t
s u r f a c e has been obtained. Any a r e a s d e f i c i e n t i n f i n e s s h a l l he c o r r e c t e d by brooming i n approved
f i n e s . A l l excess f i n e s s h a l l be swept off t h e s u r f a c e and the hase allowed t o dry out.
5.4.5.2 After compaction of s t a b i l i z e d base, a r e a s d e f i c i e n t i n f i n e s s h a l l be c o r r e c t e d by brooming i n an
approved mixtiire of f i n e s and s t a b i l i z i n g agent. The layer s h a l l be kept w e t a s s p e c i f i e d i n Subclause
5.5.6 of SAHS 1200 ME f o r 4 d and primed a f t e r the a p p l i c a b l e of t h e following periods:
a ) Base s t a b i l i z e d w i t h unslaked l i m e : a f t e r a t l e a s t 7 d ;
b) base s t a b i l i z e d w i t h cement, slaked lime, o r s l a g mixtures: a f t e r 24 h and p r e f e r a b l y w i t h i n 7 d.
5.8 PROTECTION AND MAINTENANCE. The Contractor s h a l l p r o t e c t and maintain the completed base. He s h a l l
without d e l a y and i n such a manner a s t o ensure an even and uniform s u r f a c e , r e p a i r any damage o r
d e f e c t s t h a t may occur. Unless otherwise a u t h o r i z e d , no unnecessary c o n s t r u c t i o n t r a f f i c and no p u b l i c
t r a f f i c s h a l l be allowed on any unprimed base.
5.9 TRANSPORT
5.9. I Freehaul. The p r o v i s i o n s of Suhclause 5.2.5.1 of S A M 1200 D s l ~ a l lapply.
5.9.2 Overhaul. The provisions f o r truck haul of Subclause 5.2.5.2 of SABS 1200 D s h a l l apply.
6. TOLERANCES
6.I DIMENS IONS, LEVELS, ETC.
6.1.1 General. Subiect t o the requirements of Subclauses 6.2 and 6.3 of SABS 1200 M , t h e dimensions, l e v e l s ,
6.1.2
I 2
2 0,34
5 0,27
10 0,21
20 0 , I3
30 0.08
6. I . 3
6. I . 4
9 SABS 1200 MF-1981
Base
6.2 RASE CONSTRUCTED I N LAYERS. Where t h e base i s constructed i n two or more l a y e r s t h e requirements f o r
t h i c k n e s s and width s p e c i f i e d i n 6.1 s h a l l apply t o the combined l a y e r s as a whole.
6.3 bIOISTLlRE CONTENr AND DENSITY. The p r o v i s i o n s of Suhclause 6.2 of SABS 1200 D s h a l l apply.
7. TESTING
7.1 GENERAL. The r e l e v a n t requirements of Clause 7 of S A W 1200 M s h a l l apply.
I I 2 l 3 4
98 ( u n s t a b i l i z e d ) 98,5 95,3
98,7 95, I
OR, 8 94,9
97 ( s t a b i l i z e d ) 97,s 93,s
97,7 93,4
97.8 93,3
8. M E A S U R ~ I ' : N AND
T i',mmrr
8. I UASlC PItINCIPLES. The b a s i c p r i n c i p l e s given i n Subclause 8.1 of SABS 1200 ME s h a l l apply t o t h e base.
wbl Pl.
ISBN 0-826.05053-4