Momentum PRACTICE

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) If you want to double the kinetic energy of a gas molecule, by what factor must you increase its 1)
momentum?
A) 4 B) 2 C) 2 2 D) 16 E) 2

2) If you want to double the momentum of a gas molecule, by what factor must you increase its 2)
kinetic energy?
A) 2 2 B) 4 C) 16 D) 2 E) 2

3) A firecracker explodes in midair and breaks up into many fragments. Which of the following 3)
statements are true regarding conditions immediately before and immediately after the
explosion:
I. The total momentum of the fragments is equal to the original momentum of the firecracker.
II. The total kinetic energy of the fragments is equal to the original kinetic energy of the
firecracker.
A) Statement I only B) Statement II only
C) Both Statement I and Statement II D) Neither statement is true.

4) A railroad car collides with and sticks to an identical railroad car that is initially at rest. After the 4)
collision, the kinetic energy of the system
A) is one third as much as before.
B) is half as much as before.
C) is the same as before.
D) is one quarter as much as before.
E) is one fourth as much as before.

5) A rubber ball bounces off of a wall with an initial speed v and reverses its direction so its speed 5)
is v right after the bounce. As a result of this bounce, which of the following quantities of the ball
are conserved? (There could be more than one correct choice.)
A) the momentum of the ball
B) both the momentum and the kinetic energy of the ball
C) the kinetic energy of the ball
D) None of the above quantities are conserved.

6) In a collision between two unequal masses, which mass receives a greater magnitude impulse? 6)
A) the smaller mass
B) the larger mass
C) They receive equal impulses.

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 7) Three cars, car X, car Y, and car Z, begin accelerating from rest at the same time. Car X is more 7)
massive than car Y, which is more massive than car Z. The net accelerating force exerted on each
car is identical. After 10 seconds, which car has the most amount of momentum?
A) They all have the same amount of momentum.
B) Car X
C) Car Y
D) Car Z

8) A tiger is running in a straight line. If we double both the mass and speed of the tiger, the 8)
magnitude of its momentum will increase by what factor?

A) 16 B) 2 C) 8 D) 4 E) 2

9) A rubber ball and a lump of clay have equal mass. They are thrown with equal speed against a 9)
wall. The ball bounces back with nearly the same speed with which it hit. The clay sticks to the
wall. Which one of these objects experiences the greater momentum change?
A) the ball
B) the clay
C) Both of them experience the same non-zero momentum change.
D) Both of them experience zero momentum change.

10) In an inelastic collision involving an isolated system, the final total momentum is 10)
A) more than the initial momentum.
B) exactly the same as the initial momentum.
C) less than the initial momentum.

11) An egg falls from a bird's nest in a tree and feels no effects due to the air. As it falls, 11)
A) only its momentum is conserved.
B) only its mechanical energy is conserved.
C) both its mechanical energy and its momentum are conserved.
D) both its kinetic energy and its momentum are conserved.
E) only its kinetic energy is conserved.

12) On a horizontal frictionless air table, a puck runs into an ideal horizontal spring that is fastened 12)
to the table. The puck compresses the spring by 15 cm before coming to rest. During the
compression process, which quantities are conserved?
A) only the mechanical energy (kinetic plus potential) of the puck
B) only the momentum of the puck
C) only the kinetic energy of the puck
D) the momentum and the mechanical energy of the puck
E) the momentum and the kinetic energy of the puck

13) Two objects of different masses have momentum of equal, non-zero magnitude. Which object 13)
has more kinetic energy?
A) the lighter object
B) the heavier object
C) They both have the same kinetic energy.

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14) In a game of pool, the white cue ball hits the #5 ball and stops, while the #5 ball moves away 14)
with the same velocity as the cue ball had originally. Both balls have the same mass. This type of
collision is
A) elastic. B) somewhat inelastic. C) completely inelastic.

15) There must be equal amounts of mass on both sides of the center of mass (or center of gravity) of 15)
a system.
A) True B) False

16) Three objects are moving along a straight line as shown in the figure. Taking the positive 16)
direction to be to the right, what is the total momentum of this system?

A) +14.0 kg ∙ m/s
B) -106 kg ∙ m/s
C) +106 kg ∙ m/s
D) 0.00 kg ∙ m/s
E) -14.0 kg ∙ m/s

17) A 0.330-kg volleyball is thrown vertically downward with a speed of 0.150 m/s in a place where 17)
g = 9.81 m/s 2. It takes it 0.0655 s to reach the ground. What is the magnitude of its momentum
just before it hits the ground?
A) 0.212 kg ∙ m/s
B) 0.262 kg ∙ m/s
C) 0.163 kg ∙ m/s
D) 0.0418 kg ∙ m/s
E) 0.0216 kg ∙ m/s

18) Two air track carts move along an air track towards each other. Cart A has a mass of 450 g and 18)
moves toward the right with a speed of 0.850 m/s. Cart B has a mass of 300 g and moves toward
the left with a speed of 1.12 m/s. What is the total momentum of the two-cart system?
A) 0.719 kg ∙ m/s toward the left
B) 0.750 kg ∙ m/s toward the left
C) 0.047 kg ∙ m/s toward the right
D) 0.750 kg ∙ m/s toward the right
E) 0.719 kg ∙ m/s toward the right

19) A 100-g ball falls from a window that is 12 m above ground level and experiences no significant 19)
air resistance as it falls. What is its momentum when it strikes the ground?
A) 1.8 kg ∙ m/s
B) 3.3 kg ∙ m/s
C) 2.4 kg ∙ m/s
D) 4.8 kg ∙ m/s
E) 1.5 kg ∙ m/s

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 20) A 0.140-kg baseball is dropped and reaches a speed of 1.20 m/s just before it hits the ground 20)
and bounces. It rebounds with an upward velocity of 1.00 m/s. What is the change of the ball's
momentum during the bounce?
A) 0.0280 kg ∙ m/s upwards
B) 0.000 kg ∙ m/s
C) 0.308 kg ∙ m/s upwards
D) 0.0280 kg ∙ m/s downwards
E) 0.308 kg ∙ m/s downwards

21) A 600-kg car makes a 90° turn. Its speed before the turn is 21.0 m/s and after the turn it is 24.0 21)
m/s. What is the magnitude of the change in the car's momentum during the turn?
A) 10.2 × 103 kg∙m/s
B) 9.55 × 103 kg∙m/s
C) 19.1 × 103 kg∙m/s
D) 22.2 × 103 kg∙m/s
E) 12.0 × 103 kg∙m/s

22) A 0.10-kg ball, traveling horizontally at 25 m/s, strikes a wall and rebounds at 19 m/s. What is 22)
the magnitude of the change in the momentum of the ball during the rebound?
A) 72 kg ∙ m/s
B) 1.8 kg ∙ m/s
C) 4.4 kg ∙ m/s
D) 1.2 kg ∙ m/s
E) 5.4 kg ∙ m/s

23) A girl of mass 55 kg throws a ball of mass 0.80 kg against a wall. The ball strikes the wall 23)
horizontally with a speed of 25 m/s, and it bounces back with this same speed. The ball is in
contact with the wall 0.050 s. What is the magnitude of the average force exerted on the wall by
the ball?
A) 27,500 N B) 800 N C) 55,000 N D) 400 N E) 13,750 N

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

24) A 475-gram ball is traveling horizontally at 12.0 m/s to the left when it is suddenly 24)
struck horizontally by a bat, causing it to reverse direction and initially travel at 8.50
m/s to the right. If the bat produced an average force of 1275 N on the ball, for how long
(in milliseconds) was it in contact with the ball?

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

25) A 0.140 kg baseball is thrown horizontally with a velocity of 28.9 m/s. It is struck with a 25)
constant horizontal force that lasts for 1.85 ms, which results in a velocity of 37.0 m/s in the
opposite direction. What was the magnitude of the horizontal force?
A) 4.99 kN B) 0.613 kN C) 2.19 kN D) 2.80 kN

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

26) A 60-kg swimmer suddenly dives horizontally from a 150-kg raft with a speed of 1.5 26)
m/s. The raft is initially at rest. What is the speed of the raft immediately after the diver
jumps if the water has negligible effect on the raft?

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27) A 14,000-kg boxcar is coasting at 1.50 m/s along a horizontal track when it suddenly 27)
hits and couples with a stationary 10,000-kg boxcar. What is the speed of the cars just
after the collision?

28) In a police ballistics test, 2.00-g bullet traveling at 700 m/s suddenly hits and becomes 28)
embedded in a stationary 5.00-kg wood block. What is the speed of the block
immediately after the bullet has stopped moving relative to the block?

29) An empty train car of mass 2.0 x 104 kg coasts along at 10 m/s. A 3000-kg boulder is 29)
suddenly dropped vertically into the car. Find the speed of the car immediately after the
boulder is dropped in.

30) A batter hits a 0.140-kg baseball that was approaching him at 30 m/s and, as a result, 30)
the ball leaves the bat at 40 m/s in the reverse of its original direction. The ball remains
in contact with the bat for 2.0 ms. What is the magnitude of the average force exerted by
the bat on the ball?

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Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED1

1) B
2) B
3) A
4) B
5) C
6) C
7) A
8) D
9) A
10) B
11) B
12) A
13) A
14) A
15) B
16) E
17) B
18) C
19) E
20) C
21) C
22) C
23) B
24) 7.64 ms
25) A
26) 0.60 m/s
27) 0.875 m/s
28) 0.280 m/s
29) 8.7 m/s
30) 4900 N