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Tutorials On Synchronous Generators - 091421

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24 views

Tutorials On Synchronous Generators - 091421

Uploaded by

geraldinkougoum04
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIALS ON SYNCHRONOUS GENERATORS

1. What will be the rms value of emf induced per phase in 3-phase, 6-pole, star-
connected alternator having a stator with 90 slots and 8 conductors per slot? The flux
per pole is 4*10–2 Wb and it runs at a speed of 1000 rpm. Assume full-pitched coils
and sinusoidal flux distribution.
Solution
2. A single-phase, 500 V, 50 Hz alternator produces a short-circuit current of 170 A and
an open circuit emf of 425 V when a field current of 15A passes through its field
winding. If its armature has an effective resistance of 0.2 ohm, determine its full-load
regulation at unity pf and at 0.8 pf lagging.
Solution
3. A three-phase, star connected, 20 MVA, 11 kV, 50 Hz alternator produces a short-
circuit current equal to full-load current when a field current of 70 A passes through its
field winding. The same field current produces an emf of 1820 V (line to line) on open
circuit. If the alternator has a resistance between each pair of terminals as measured
by DC is 0.16 ohm and the effective resistance is 1.5 times the ohmic resistance,
what will be its full-load regulation at (i) 0.707 pf lagging and (ii) 0.8 pf leading.
Solution

4. A three-phase, star-connected, 10 kVA, 230 V alternator has an armature resistance


of 0.5 Ω per phase and a synchronous reactance of 1.2 Ω per phase. Calculate the
percent voltage regulation at full load at power factors of (a) 0.8 lagging, (b) 0.8
leading, (c) Determine the power factor such that the voltage regulation becomes
zero on full load.
Solution
5. The open-circuit test data of a 500 kVA, 4000 volt, 8 pole, 3-phase, 50 Hz alternator
is:

The equivalent armature reaction expressed in ampere-turn per pole is 1.1 . ampere
conductors per pole per phase. There are 240 conductors per phase in series. If the
inductive voltage drop 8% on full load and the resistance drop is negligible. Then determine
(i) Short circuit characteristic (ii) field excitation and regulation for full load at 0-8 p. f. lagging.
SOLUTION
6. The data for open circuit characteristics of a 3.3 kV, 1500 kVA star-connected, three-
phase alternator
running at 760 rpm is given below:

The number of turns per phase is 55. The resistance measured between terminals is 0.5
ohm and leakage reactance per phase is 1.5 ohm. Assume that the armature reaction
ampere turns per pole are equal to 1.4 times ampere turns per pole per phase. The ratio of
effective resistance to measured resistance is 1.4.
Determine the percentage regulation when full load at normal voltage and at p. f. 0 8 lagging
is switched off and the speed of the alternator increases to 770 rpm.
SOLUTION
7. Determine the voltage regulation by zero power factor method of a 500 kVA, 6600V,
three-phase, star-connected alternator having a resistance of 0.075 ohm per phase,
when delivering a current of 500 A at power factor (i) 0.8 lagging (ii) 0.707 leading
and (iii) unity. The alternator has the following open circuit and full-load zero power
factor curves:
SOLUTION
8. A 13.8-kV, 50-MVA, 0.9-power-factor-lagging, 50-Hz, four-pole Y-connected
synchronous generator has a synchronous reactance of 2.5 Ω and an armature resistance of
0.2 Ω. At 50 Hz, its friction and windage losses are 1 MW, and its core losses are 1.5 MW.
The field circuit has a dc voltage of 120 V, and the maximum IF is 10 A. The current of the
field circuit is adjustable over the range from 0 to 10 A. The OCC of this generator is shown
in Figure P4-1.

(a) How much field current is required to make the terminal voltage VT (or line voltage V L)
equal to 13.8 kV when the generator is running at no load?
(b) What is the internal generated voltage E A of this machine at rated conditions?
(c) What is the phase voltage V of this generator at rated conditions?
(d) How much field current is required to make the terminal voltage VT equal to 13.8 kV
when the generator is running at rated conditions?
(e) Suppose that this generator is running at rated conditions, and then the load is removed
without changing the field current. What would the terminal voltage of the generator be?
(f) How much steady-state power and torque must the generator’s prime mover be capable
of supplying to handle the rated conditions?

SOLUTION

9. Assume that the field current of the generator in Problem 8 has been adjusted to a value
of 5 A.
(a) What will the terminal voltage of this generator be if it is connected to a delta-connected
load with an impedance of [24;25°] Ω?
(b) Sketch the phasor diagram of this generator.
(c) What is the efficiency of the generator at these conditions?
(d) Now assume that another identical delta -connected load is to be paralleled with the first
one. What happens to the phasor diagram for the generator?
(e) What is the new terminal voltage after the load has been added?
(f) What must be done to restore the terminal voltage to its original value?

SOLUTION

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